Abstract This article applies Comparative Interpreting Studies to research on interpreting in religious contexts and the relevance of this literature to interpreting studies more broadly. Comparative Interpreting Studies is an approach that looks to plot the commonalities of all interpreting practice. It is argued that actual observed interpreter behaviors, rather than assumed professional standards, provide a justifiable unit of comparison. The behavior of interpreters in religious contexts is discussed, alongside the split between prescriptive and descriptive approaches to analyzing this behavior and the importance of spiritual and emotional aspects. Differences in research approaches on interpreting in religious contexts are shown to shadow debates within interpreting studies and thus offer insights that may be cautiously generalized. Such generalizations align with recent research in a variety of interpreting contexts and lead to a call for interpreting researchers to give more attention to the wider social, organizational, and personal contexts of interpreting.
{"title":"A comparative interpreting studies view of interpreting in religious contexts","authors":"Jonathan Downie","doi":"10.1075/tis.20112.dow","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/tis.20112.dow","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article applies Comparative Interpreting Studies to research on interpreting in religious contexts and the relevance of this literature to interpreting studies more broadly. Comparative Interpreting Studies is an approach that looks to plot the commonalities of all interpreting practice. It is argued that actual observed interpreter behaviors, rather than assumed professional standards, provide a justifiable unit of comparison. The behavior of interpreters in religious contexts is discussed, alongside the split between prescriptive and descriptive approaches to analyzing this behavior and the importance of spiritual and emotional aspects. Differences in research approaches on interpreting in religious contexts are shown to shadow debates within interpreting studies and thus offer insights that may be cautiously generalized. Such generalizations align with recent research in a variety of interpreting contexts and lead to a call for interpreting researchers to give more attention to the wider social, organizational, and personal contexts of interpreting.","PeriodicalId":43877,"journal":{"name":"Translation and Interpreting Studies","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135642790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the UK, police reforms to meet needs of a diverse society have been limited in the case of deaf signers to an increase in sign language interpreting services (SLIS). This article explores the consequences of this dependence on SLIS by the UK police. We consider how deaf signers’ contact with the police may be inaccessible, despite national frameworks that ‘guarantee’ accessibility through the provision of BSL-English interpreting. We draw on qualitative data from focus groups and interviews with police officers and custody sergeants who describe their experiences of having contact with deaf signers (or other minority language users) through interpreters. We examine and contrast their perceptions and experiences concerning if, when, and how SLIS provided access, as well as its impact on their contact with deaf signers. We compare these findings with UK police reform policies to identify the current state of these provisions along with potential divergences.
{"title":"‘Help is on the way’","authors":"Robert Skinner, Jemina Napier","doi":"10.1075/tis.21040.ski","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/tis.21040.ski","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In the UK, police reforms to meet needs of a diverse society have been limited in the case of deaf signers to an\u0000 increase in sign language interpreting services (SLIS). This article explores the consequences of this dependence on SLIS by the\u0000 UK police. We consider how deaf signers’ contact with the police may be inaccessible, despite national frameworks that ‘guarantee’\u0000 accessibility through the provision of BSL-English interpreting. We draw on qualitative data from focus groups and interviews with\u0000 police officers and custody sergeants who describe their experiences of having contact with deaf signers (or other minority\u0000 language users) through interpreters. We examine and contrast their perceptions and experiences concerning if, when, and how SLIS\u0000 provided access, as well as its impact on their contact with deaf signers. We compare these findings with UK police reform\u0000 policies to identify the current state of these provisions along with potential divergences.","PeriodicalId":43877,"journal":{"name":"Translation and Interpreting Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48684954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article examines the earliest extant translations from Chinese in the period of the first systematic encounters between Chinese and Europeans in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. It argues that agents of the Spanish and Portuguese empires in the context of early modern colonialism devised practical and effective social and linguistic approaches for translating Chinese. The article investigates three such approaches: the use of Chinese interpreters who learned European languages; the use of oral translation in the collaboration between Chinese and European interpreters; and the use of Europeans fluent in Chinese translating themselves.
{"title":"First encounters","authors":"Florin-Stefan Morar","doi":"10.1075/tis.20052.mor","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/tis.20052.mor","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This article examines the earliest extant translations from Chinese in the period of the first systematic\u0000 encounters between Chinese and Europeans in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. It argues that agents of the Spanish and\u0000 Portuguese empires in the context of early modern colonialism devised practical and effective social and linguistic approaches for\u0000 translating Chinese. The article investigates three such approaches: the use of Chinese interpreters who learned European\u0000 languages; the use of oral translation in the collaboration between Chinese and European interpreters; and the use of Europeans\u0000 fluent in Chinese translating themselves.","PeriodicalId":43877,"journal":{"name":"Translation and Interpreting Studies","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42577960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Child Language Brokering (CLB) refers to the mediation and translation activities performed by bi/multilingual children and adolescents for their peers, family members, and/or other people belonging to their linguistic community who may not be proficient enough to communicate in the societal language. Since child language brokers engage in interpreted communicative events and implement communicative strategies, one interesting but also controversial area of CLB is the communicative role children play and the expectations of other parties about that role. In this paper we examine frequent communication strategies implemented by a child language broker and study if/how they meet the other parties’ expectations. Specifically, two child language brokering strategies are examined: replacement of a monolingual interlocutor and summarizing of the monolingual interlocutors’ statements. We also discuss child language brokers’ roles and their alignment with adults’ expectations, an innovative focus that merits deeper discussion.
{"title":"Communication in child language brokering","authors":"C. Angelelli, Federica Ceccoli","doi":"10.1075/tis.21084.ang","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/tis.21084.ang","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Child Language Brokering (CLB) refers to the mediation and translation activities performed by bi/multilingual\u0000 children and adolescents for their peers, family members, and/or other people belonging to their linguistic community who may not\u0000 be proficient enough to communicate in the societal language. Since child language brokers engage in interpreted communicative\u0000 events and implement communicative strategies, one interesting but also controversial area of CLB is the communicative role\u0000 children play and the expectations of other parties about that role. In this paper we examine frequent communication strategies\u0000 implemented by a child language broker and study if/how they meet the other parties’ expectations. Specifically, two child\u0000 language brokering strategies are examined: replacement of a monolingual interlocutor and summarizing of the monolingual\u0000 interlocutors’ statements. We also discuss child language brokers’ roles and their alignment with adults’ expectations, an\u0000 innovative focus that merits deeper discussion.","PeriodicalId":43877,"journal":{"name":"Translation and Interpreting Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43250114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article critically analyzes current sign language policy trends and related sign language ideologies regarding interpreter provision and the institutionalization of sign language interpreting in Canada. Particular attention is paid to issues of representation in the provision of interpreters for government emergency briefings during the COVID-19 pandemic. Based on the provision of interpreting services for COVID-19 briefings, sign language interpreting as a profession in Canada is revealed as problematic. This is particularly true regarding the institutionalization of the profession and how existing social hierarchies and ideologies are consolidated with respect to diverse deaf people and interpreters.
{"title":"The institutionalization of sign language interpreting and COVID-19 briefings in Canada","authors":"K. Snoddon, Erin Wilkinson","doi":"10.1075/tis.21005.sno","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/tis.21005.sno","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000This article critically analyzes current sign language policy trends and related sign language ideologies regarding interpreter provision and the institutionalization of sign language interpreting in Canada. Particular attention is paid to issues of representation in the provision of interpreters for government emergency briefings during the COVID-19 pandemic. Based on the provision of interpreting services for COVID-19 briefings, sign language interpreting as a profession in Canada is revealed as problematic. This is particularly true regarding the institutionalization of the profession and how existing social hierarchies and ideologies are consolidated with respect to diverse deaf people and interpreters.","PeriodicalId":43877,"journal":{"name":"Translation and Interpreting Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49632101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Globally, deaf associations and sign language interpreters’ organizations support the idea that interpreting services are equivalent to access and inclusion for deaf people. Researchers have challenged this assumption by pointing to ‘the illusion of inclusion’ (Russell 2007; Russell and Winston 2014; De Meulder and Haualand 2021), the ‘institution of access’ (Brunson 2011), and the fact that interpreters are needed but not wanted (Pöchhacker 2019; Sheneman 2020). This article explores whether sign language interpreting services are the ideal solution when providing access to communication, information, and services for deaf signers. It presents the perspectives of three deaf employees of the Flemish deaf association and four hearing Dutch–VGT (Flemish Sign Language) interpreters on what constitutes their ‘ideal’ world. By addressing this topic, interviewees considered whether in this ideal world sign language interpreting services would still exist and expressed their views on topics such as communication, access, (in)equity, and inclusion.
{"title":"Barrier-free and interpreter-free","authors":"Isabelle Heyerick","doi":"10.1075/tis.21025.hey","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/tis.21025.hey","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Globally, deaf associations and sign language interpreters’ organizations support the idea that interpreting\u0000 services are equivalent to access and inclusion for deaf people. Researchers have challenged this assumption by pointing to ‘the\u0000 illusion of inclusion’ (Russell 2007; Russell and\u0000 Winston 2014; De Meulder and Haualand 2021), the ‘institution of access’\u0000 (Brunson 2011), and the fact that interpreters are needed but not wanted (Pöchhacker 2019; Sheneman 2020). This article\u0000 explores whether sign language interpreting services are the ideal solution when providing access to communication, information,\u0000 and services for deaf signers. It presents the perspectives of three deaf employees of the Flemish deaf association and four\u0000 hearing Dutch–VGT (Flemish Sign Language) interpreters on what constitutes their ‘ideal’ world. By addressing this topic,\u0000 interviewees considered whether in this ideal world sign language interpreting services would still exist and expressed their\u0000 views on topics such as communication, access, (in)equity, and inclusion.","PeriodicalId":43877,"journal":{"name":"Translation and Interpreting Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43972445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Researchers’ proximity to their field of interest can make it difficult to create what Bourdieu called “the strange point of view” needed to look beyond the field’s implicit beliefs when producing new knowledge. Based on a Bourdieusian approach to reflexive sociology, this article discusses proximity and distance when conducting research on and with one’s own students. To problematize proximity and distance in a research project, this article discusses a case in which a teacher/researcher conducted research on and with her own students in a bachelor’s degree program in sign language and interpreting as part of a project focusing on the students’ development of professional characteristics as interpreters for individuals with deafblindness. This article argues that student participation and input created an epistemological rupture and represented the strange point of view that became a counterweight to the researcher’s proximity to the field.
{"title":"Conducting research on and with your own students","authors":"Gro Hege Saltnes Urdal","doi":"10.1075/tis.20048.urd","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/tis.20048.urd","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000Researchers’ proximity to their field of interest can make it difficult to create what Bourdieu called “the strange point of view” needed to look beyond the field’s implicit beliefs when producing new knowledge. Based on a Bourdieusian approach to reflexive sociology, this article discusses proximity and distance when conducting research on and with one’s own students. To problematize proximity and distance in a research project, this article discusses a case in which a teacher/researcher conducted research on and with her own students in a bachelor’s degree program in sign language and interpreting as part of a project focusing on the students’ development of professional characteristics as interpreters for individuals with deafblindness. This article argues that student participation and input created an epistemological rupture and represented the strange point of view that became a counterweight to the researcher’s proximity to the field.","PeriodicalId":43877,"journal":{"name":"Translation and Interpreting Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47103634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Unpacking sign language interpreting as a social institution","authors":"Hilde Haualand, M. D. Meulder, Jemina Napier","doi":"10.1075/tis.00055.hau","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/tis.00055.hau","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43877,"journal":{"name":"Translation and Interpreting Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-03-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42903388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Many legal systems have begun to adjust their social and linguistic practices to accommodate non-dominant social groups. However, linguistic diversity is often framed as an exception, and interpreters are viewed as a service to address these exceptions rather than as part of broader structural changes to enable access to justice. This article explores the access to and participation in the Spanish legal system of Spanish Sign-Language users (SSLUs) who are deaf or heard of hearing. Through semi-structured interviews with SSLUs, the article elicits their perceptions of the legal field. These data are analyzed from the perspective of self-determination theory (Deci and Ryan 1985) to identify how SSLUs’ psychological needs of competence, autonomy, and relatedness are linked to the social, cultural, and economic capital invested and distributed through social practices. The goal is to clarify how SSLUs’ habitus sustains or resists monolingual and audist ideologies establishing hierarchies between language communities.
{"title":"Integrated monolingualism and audism governing Spanish Sign-Language users’ self-determination in the legal\u0000 system","authors":"Esther Monzó-Nebot, Rayco H. González-Montesino","doi":"10.1075/tis.21029.mon","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1075/tis.21029.mon","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Many legal systems have begun to adjust their social and linguistic practices to accommodate non-dominant social\u0000 groups. However, linguistic diversity is often framed as an exception, and interpreters are viewed as a service to address these\u0000 exceptions rather than as part of broader structural changes to enable access to justice. This article explores the access to and\u0000 participation in the Spanish legal system of Spanish Sign-Language users (SSLUs) who are deaf or heard of hearing. Through\u0000 semi-structured interviews with SSLUs, the article elicits their perceptions of the legal field. These data are analyzed from the\u0000 perspective of self-determination theory (Deci and Ryan 1985) to identify how SSLUs’\u0000 psychological needs of competence, autonomy, and relatedness are linked to the social, cultural, and economic capital invested and\u0000 distributed through social practices. The goal is to clarify how SSLUs’ habitus sustains or resists monolingual and audist\u0000 ideologies establishing hierarchies between language communities.","PeriodicalId":43877,"journal":{"name":"Translation and Interpreting Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47838983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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