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Museum Visitor Comfort When Sharing Personal Information for Evaluation 博物馆游客在分享个人信息进行评估时的舒适度
IF 0.6 Q3 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2023-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/10598650.2022.2135353
Justin Reeves Meyer, J. Heimlich, E. E. T. Horr, Rebecca F. Kemper, Katy Börner
ABSTRACT The article answers the research question: under what conditions and with what methods would museum visitors feel comfortable (and not comfortable) sharing sensitive information for the purposes of museum research or evaluation? We ground our study in literature about sharing personal information in person, online, and in the context of digital marketing and social media. In our interviews of n = 114 science center visitors, we found that while majorities would share sensitive information in person with an evaluator, age and gender were important factors in predicting whether or not someone feels comfortable doing so in public settings or with tablet questionnaires. We then discuss the ethical importance of giving visitors choice in whether to and how to share their information for the purposes of evaluation.
摘要本文回答了一个研究问题:在什么条件下,用什么方法,博物馆游客会对出于博物馆研究或评估目的分享敏感信息感到舒适(和不舒适)?我们的研究基于关于亲自、在线以及数字营销和社交媒体背景下共享个人信息的文献。在我们对n的采访中 = 114名科学中心访客,我们发现,虽然大多数人会亲自与评估人员分享敏感信息,但年龄和性别是预测某人在公共场合或平板电脑问卷中是否感到舒适的重要因素。然后,我们讨论了让访客选择是否以及如何分享他们的信息以进行评估的道德重要性。
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引用次数: 0
Examining the Roles of Science Museum Facilitators in Academic Research 考察科学博物馆促进者在学术研究中的角色
IF 0.6 Q3 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2023-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/10598650.2022.2142749
Stephanie Hladik
ABSTRACT Research into teaching and learning in science museums has led to innovations in pedagogy, exhibits, and educational programming. Science museum facilitators play a critical role in advancing the educational missions of their institutions, yet the roles that these facilitators have in academic research projects aimed at understanding learning within the context of their museums vary widely. In this systematic review, 40 articles and book chapters were reviewed for how science museum facilitators participate in reported research and design activities. The findings suggest that facilitators take on a variety of roles within research projects, from simply being talked about in the context of professional development programs, to taking active roles as co-designers and co-researchers in their institutions. Increasing opportunities for facilitator agency and voice within academic research may improve scholarly understanding of facilitators’ experiences, pedagogies, and institutional constraints, thus improving the designs of exhibits, educational programming, and professional development opportunities.
对科学博物馆教学和学习的研究导致了教学方法、展览和教育计划的创新。科学博物馆促进者在推进其机构的教育使命方面发挥着关键作用,然而,这些促进者在旨在了解其博物馆背景下的学习的学术研究项目中所扮演的角色差异很大。在这个系统的回顾中,我们回顾了40篇文章和书籍章节,以了解科学博物馆促进者如何参与报告的研究和设计活动。研究结果表明,辅导员在研究项目中扮演着各种各样的角色,从简单地在专业发展计划的背景下被谈论,到在他们的机构中作为共同设计者和共同研究者发挥积极作用。在学术研究中增加引导者代理和发言权的机会,可以提高对引导者经验、教学法和制度约束的学术理解,从而改善展览设计、教育规划和专业发展机会。
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引用次数: 0
Using an Interactive Mnemonic Device to Navigate Memories in Museum Theater 在博物馆剧院中使用交互式助记器导航记忆
IF 0.6 Q3 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2023-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/10598650.2023.2217477
Stephanie C. Jenkins
ABSTRACT This article explores the use of an interactive mnemonic device called a “Map of Memories” to navigate the museum theater production Our Footprints, staged in 2017 in the Bergtheil Museum in Durban, South Africa. The Map is an interactive tool used by audience members to explore the exhibits and the performance through connecting their own memories and understandings to what is seen and experienced. The Map, along with the performance, encourages emotional and personal connections to the factual content of the museum exhibitions, with the aim of promoting stronger opportunities for remembering, learning, and new insight.
摘要本文探讨了如何使用一种名为“记忆地图”的交互式助记符设备来导航2017年在南非德班Bergtheil博物馆上演的博物馆戏剧作品《我们的足迹》。地图是一种互动工具,观众可以通过将自己的记忆和理解与所看到和体验联系起来,来探索展品和表演。地图与表演一起,鼓励人们与博物馆展览的真实内容建立情感和个人联系,目的是促进更多的记忆、学习和新见解的机会。
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引用次数: 0
Understanding Facilitation Techniques for Hands-On Chemistry Activities 了解动手化学活动的促进技巧
IF 0.6 Q3 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2023-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/10598650.2022.2122677
Elizabeth Kunz Kollmann, Allison Anderson, Marta Beyer, Hever Velázquez, M. Bequette, Gretchen Haupt, Owen Weitzman
ABSTRACT Educators play a key role in facilitating interactive learning experiences in informal science education settings, such as science centers and museums. Despite their importance, research around facilitation has generally focused on visitor impacts and not the strategies used by the educators themselves. The ChemAttitudes project studied and characterized facilitation moves used by educators during hands-on chemistry activities with visitors at two science museums. Building on previous research done by the Exploratorium, the project team defined a framework of three overarching categories of facilitation techniques: “Invite participation,” “Support exploration,” and “Deepen understanding.” (referenced in short form as “Invite,” “Support,” and “Deepen”). Each of these categories also included distinct facilitation moves that educators used throughout an interaction with visitors. Overall, data indicated that educators used Support moves most often, Deepen moves less frequently, and Invite moves the least. Although educators almost always started an interaction with Invite, afterwards, they moved flexibly back and forth between the three types of moves in a non-linear order in response to the visitors. The framework and findings from this project can be used to support training and professional development for other informal educators using hands-on activities with visitors.
在科学中心和博物馆等非正式科学教育环境中,教育工作者在促进互动式学习体验方面发挥着关键作用。尽管它们很重要,但围绕促进的研究通常集中在游客的影响上,而不是教育者自己使用的策略。化学态度项目研究并描述了教育工作者在两个科学博物馆与参观者进行动手化学活动时使用的促进动作。在Exploratorium之前所做的研究的基础上,项目团队定义了一个由三大类促进技术组成的框架:“邀请参与”、“支持探索”和“加深理解”。(简称为“邀请”、“支持”和“深化”)。这些类别中的每一个还包括教育工作者在与游客互动过程中使用的不同的促进动作。总体而言,数据表明教育工作者最常使用支持移动,加深移动频率较低,邀请移动最少。虽然教育工作者几乎总是开始与Invite互动,但之后,他们以非线性的顺序在三种类型的动作之间灵活地来回移动,以响应访客。这个项目的框架和结果可以通过与来访者的实践活动来支持其他非正式教育工作者的培训和专业发展。
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引用次数: 1
The Moment Is Now: Caring for Marty’s Sexual Assault Evidence Kit. An Interview with Alexandra Cunningham Cameron, Ashleigh D. Coren, and Katherine Ott 现在是时刻:关心马蒂的性侵证据包。采访Alexandra Cunningham Cameron、Ashleigh D.Coren和Katherine Ott
IF 0.6 Q3 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2023-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/10598650.2023.2180717
Andrea Kim Neighbors
ABSTRACT In the 1970s, Martha “Marty” Goddard (1941–2015) conceived of and designed a kit that would collect forensic evidence in order to increase the probability of suspect identification in cases of sexual assault. Goddard designed a kit using over-the-counter items such as cotton swabs, combs, bags, labels, envelopes, and glass slides, to standardize the collection, preservation, and documentation of evidence. The kit was designed for hospitals and law enforcement, and is now part of standard protocol in the United States today. In 2022, a team from different parts of the Smithsonian worked collaboratively on the acquisition of this object, while holding critical conversations about what it means to not only care for the object, but also how to discuss the topic and lived experience of sexual assault. This interview dives into the story of the acquisition and its significance, and how museums can carefully and intentionally engage with the topic of sexual assault.
摘要20世纪70年代,Martha“Marty”Goddard(1941–2015)构思并设计了一种试剂盒,用于收集法医证据,以提高在性侵案件中识别嫌疑人的概率。戈达德设计了一个试剂盒,使用非处方物品,如棉签、梳子、袋子、标签、信封和玻璃载玻片,以标准化证据的收集、保存和记录。该试剂盒是为医院和执法部门设计的,现在已成为当今美国标准协议的一部分。2022年,史密森学会不同部门的一个团队在获取这件物品的过程中进行了合作,同时就不仅要关心这件物品意味着什么,还要讨论如何讨论性侵的话题和生活经历进行了批判性的对话。本次采访深入探讨了此次收购的故事及其意义,以及博物馆如何谨慎而有意地处理性侵话题。
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引用次数: 0
Learning Connections: From Practice to Praxis 学习联系:从实践到实践
IF 0.6 Q3 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2023-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/10598650.2023.2215961
Michelle Moon, Michelle Dezember
The articles in this issue of the Journal of Museum Education are unified by the theme of linking research with practice – a phenomenon many in our field would term “praxis.” As we prepared the issue for publication, our editorial team found ourselves in an honest conversation: Did we really understand what “praxis”means? Many people use the word comfortably and regularly, while others confessed we found it a little fuzzy. Yet we find ourselves living it more often than we may realize. After a deep dive into the history and etymology of the concept, it turns out that it’s no wonder the idea can feel a little slippery. From its origins in the philosophy of ancient Greece, “praxis” has been interpreted in multiple ways and has specific usages in a wide array of fields: medicine, social work, philosophy, justice, psychology, ethics, and, of course, education. From Aristotle to Hegel, Hannah Arendt to Jean-Paul Sartre, “praxis” has taken on many shades of meaning. In the world of education, the term connotes a specific lineage – one tightly intertwined with the foundations of learning theory that underlie museum education. Aristotle’s view was that praxis was any activity, undertaken for its own sake, with an ethical or moral dimension. Its partners in his construction of human activity in the world were theoria (thinking, contemplation, seeking to understand) and poeisis (making or producing material things). It was through Karl Marx’s work that “praxis” took on the theme of purposeful action toward transformation: in his succinct words, “The philosophers have only interpreted the world, in various ways; the point is to change it.” It was also Marx who thought of praxis as a way of synthesizing theory and action, linking a framework of thought to the practice of doing. Adding this layer of interpretation highlights opportunities to turn any regular or routine act of doing – any practice – into one that is both informed by theory and potentially transformational. Social worker Graeme Stuart phrases it this way: “In praxis, theory (in simple terms, the way we understand things) is embedded in reflection and action, and action is embedded in reflection and theory. It can thus be seen as cycles of action, reflection and theory building.” Since the mid-nineteenth century, key educational theorists have embraced this notion of praxis as a means of connecting the theory of learning and the practice of education in an ongoing, iterative relationship. Prominent among them is Paolo Freire, who in his liberation-focused pedagogical framework described it as “the action and reflection of [people] upon their world in order to transform it.” Freire’s thought informed David Kolb, whose influential theory of the experiential learning cycle centered on the “transformative dialectic between reflection and action.” For Kolb, neither pure action nor pure thought is sufficient to produce learning, but together, they “give us a ‘stereo’ perspective that motivates learnin
本期《博物馆教育杂志》的文章以将研究与实践联系起来为主题,这是我们领域许多人称之为“实践”的现象。当我们准备出版本期杂志时,我们的编辑团队发现自己处于一场坦诚的对话中:我们真的理解“实践”是什么意思吗?许多人舒适而经常地使用这个词,而另一些人承认我们觉得它有点模糊。然而,我们发现自己过着这种生活的次数比我们意识到的要多。在深入研究了这个概念的历史和词源后,结果发现,难怪这个想法会让人觉得有点滑。“实践”起源于古希腊哲学,有多种解释,在医学、社会工作、哲学、正义、心理学、伦理学,当然还有教育等广泛领域都有具体用途。从亚里士多德到黑格尔,从汉娜·阿伦特到让-保罗·萨特,“实践”具有多种含义。在教育界,这个词意味着一个特定的谱系——一个与博物馆教育的学习理论基础紧密交织在一起的谱系。亚里士多德的观点是,实践是任何为了自身利益而进行的具有伦理或道德维度的活动。在他构建人类世界活动的过程中,它的合作伙伴是理论(思考、沉思、寻求理解)和诗歌(制造或生产物质)。正是通过卡尔·马克思的作品,“实践”呈现了有目的的行动走向变革的主题:用他简洁的话来说,“哲学家们只以各种方式解释了世界;关键是要改变它。”也是马克思认为实践是一种综合理论和行动的方式,将思想框架与实践联系起来。增加这一层解释强调了将任何常规或常规的行为——任何实践——转变为既受理论影响又具有潜在变革性的行为的机会。社会工作者Graeme Stuart是这样说的:“在实践中,理论(简单地说,我们理解事物的方式)嵌入反思和行动中,行动嵌入反思和理论中。因此,它可以被视为行动、反思和理论构建的循环。”自19世纪中期以来,关键的教育理论家已经接受了实践的概念,将学习理论和教育实践以一种持续的、迭代的关系联系起来。其中最突出的是保罗·弗雷尔,他在以解放为中心的教学框架中将其描述为“[人们]对世界的行动和反思,以改变世界。”弗雷尔的思想启发了大卫·科尔布,他关于体验式学习周期的有影响力的理论以“反思和行动之间的变革辩证法”为中心,无论是纯粹的行动还是纯粹的思想都不足以产生学习,但它们共同“给了我们一个激励学习的‘立体’视角”,使“学习者的内部世界和外部环境之间的交流过程无休止地重复。学习就像呼吸,是一个接受和付出的终身过程。”
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引用次数: 0
Traditional or Contemporary Art? A Study of Educational Approaches to Children in Two Chinese Art Museums 传统艺术还是当代艺术?中国两家美术馆对儿童的教育方法研究
IF 0.6 Q3 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2023-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/10598650.2023.2172660
Jingwen Li
ABSTRACT Although the number of art museums in China has increased significantly in recent years, art museum educators find it difficult to create relevant, relatable, and engaging learning experiences for children in different contexts of art museums. I conducted this qualitative, comparative case study in Shanghai, China, examining how two different art museums, one contemporary art-based, and another one traditional Chinese art-based, conceptualize museum education for children. The research data included face-to-face, semi-structured interviews with museum educators and a content analysis of documents gathered from the museums’ websites. Using the frameworks for the contextual model of learning and constructivism theory in museum learning, I compared and contrasted the two art museums educational approaches in creating connections between educational programming and children’s learning. I found that both art museums were able to connect programming to children with their current exhibitions, but using two different approaches.
尽管近年来中国的艺术博物馆数量显著增加,但艺术博物馆教育工作者发现,很难在不同的艺术博物馆环境中为儿童创造相关的、可关联的、引人入胜的学习体验。我在中国上海进行了这个定性的比较案例研究,研究了两个不同的艺术博物馆,一个以当代艺术为基础,另一个以中国传统艺术为基础,如何将儿童博物馆教育概念化。研究数据包括与博物馆教育工作者面对面的半结构化访谈,以及对从博物馆网站上收集的文件进行内容分析。利用博物馆学习中的情境学习模型和建构主义理论框架,我比较和对比了两种艺术博物馆的教育方法,在教育规划和儿童学习之间建立联系。我发现这两家艺术博物馆都能够将面向儿童的节目与他们当前的展览联系起来,但采用了两种不同的方法。
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引用次数: 0
Museum Accessibility by Design:ASystemic Approach to Organizational Change 博物馆无障碍设计:组织变革的系统方法
IF 0.6 Q3 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2023-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/10598650.2023.2223170
Alexandra F. Morris
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引用次数: 0
Objects’ Characteristics and Arrangements in a History Museum: Relations to Student Learning and Experiences 历史博物馆展品的特点与布置:与学生学习体验的关系
IF 0.6 Q3 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2023-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/10598650.2022.2152602
Billie Eilam, Merav Yosfan, J. Lanir, A. Wecker
ABSTRACT Few investigations of museums have examined the potential of varying displays as related to learning outcomes. This study focused on two museum spaces, presenting different historical events and featuring different objects’ characteristics and arrangements, as related to seventh- and eighth-graders’ learning and experiences during a self-guided visit. Students responses to pre- and post-visit questionnaires were analyzed qualitatively and via some statistical measures. Three major factors emerged related to students performance: (a) the relevancy of the represented topic to students’ personal world, (b) the use of large and dominant objects as centerpieces that form a framework for processing the assembled information, and (c) the split-attention effect. Implications are discussed for objects’ characteristics and arrangements in the museum space that promote learning.
摘要:很少有博物馆的调查考察了与学习成果相关的各种展示的潜力。这项研究聚焦于两个博物馆空间,展示了不同的历史事件,并展示了不同物品的特征和安排,与七年级和八年级学生在自助参观中的学习和体验有关。学生对访问前和访问后问卷的反应进行了定性分析,并通过一些统计措施进行了分析。出现了与学生表现相关的三个主要因素:(a)所代表的主题与学生个人世界的相关性,(b)使用大型和主导对象作为核心,形成处理组合信息的框架,以及(c)分散注意力效应。讨论了博物馆空间中物品的特征和布置对促进学习的影响。
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引用次数: 0
How Museums Tell Stories: An Interview with Amelia Wong 博物馆如何讲述故事:采访阿米莉亚·黄
IF 0.6 Q3 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2023-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/10598650.2022.2157134
Katherine Whitney
ABSTRACT In this article, museum exhibit developer Katherine Whitney sits down with Amelia Wong, User Experience Manager at the J. Paul Getty Trust, about her forthcoming book How Museums Tell Stories, (Routledge, forthcoming). Recent research and literature assert that as humans we are “wired for story.” And we’ve seen the use of storytelling skyrocket everywhere, from social media to marketing to museum exhibitions. But do we know we mean when we talk about story? Wong asserts that if we in the museum field are going to use storytelling effectively, we have to understand what story is, and what it isn’t.
摘要在这篇文章中,博物馆展览开发人员Katherine Whitney与J.Paul Getty Trust的用户体验经理Amelia Wong坐在一起,谈论她即将出版的《博物馆如何讲述故事》一书(Routledge,即将出版)。最近的研究和文献表明,作为人类,我们“天生就喜欢讲故事”。从社交媒体到营销,再到博物馆展览,讲故事的使用在各地激增。但当我们谈论这个故事时,我们知道我们的意思吗?王断言,如果我们在博物馆领域要有效地使用故事,我们必须了解什么是故事,什么不是故事。
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引用次数: 0
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Journal of Museum Education
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