Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.15826/vestnik.2021.20.3.017
E. Leontev, I. Mayburov
The problem of introducing the benefit principle into local taxation for the implementation of investment projects for the development of municipal public transport is extremely relevant. Today, however, such projects are financed by the lump-sum method, which creates prerequisites for an even greater distortion of the benefit principle. Public transport being as an element of local public goods, there is a strict binding to the locality, which makes it difficult for taxpayers living outside such zones to use it. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the possibility of introducing the benefit principle into the taxation of property owned by private individuals in the case of the city of Yekaterinburg by establishing the dependence of the availability of tram stops on the capitalization of the cost of residential real estate. In this study, we intend to confirm the hypothesis about the possibility of using a differentiated property tax rate, which will allow us to introduce various tax instruments for a fairer and fiscally more efficient tax model that provides for additional taxation of residents who benefit the most from electric municipal transport. Calculations were carried out by comparing the homogeneity of the price reaction to the proximity of tram stops when zoning by type of real estate and without such zoning. The calculations have shown that the capitalization of the proximity of tram stops in the cost of housing in Yekaterinburg fits both into the static and dynamic equilibrium model. At the same time, the model with zones previously combined by type of real estate showed more uniform results in terms of the degree of influence of the proximity of tram stops on the cost of housing. As a result of the study, it was possible to identify geographically isolated zones in Yekaterinburg with the most smoothed effect of the interaction between the objects of the proximity of tram stops on the price of real estate. These zones are also ready-made fiscal zones with an increased property tax, the protected proceeds from which should become a source for the creation of new transport infrastructure of the zone. The hypothesis of the study is confirmed. This model of taxation provides a high level of fairness; at the same time it is practically applicable in the conditions of Yekaterinburg.
{"title":"Realization of the Benefits from the Functioning of Municipal Electric Transport in the Taxation of the Property of Individuals","authors":"E. Leontev, I. Mayburov","doi":"10.15826/vestnik.2021.20.3.017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15826/vestnik.2021.20.3.017","url":null,"abstract":"The problem of introducing the benefit principle into local taxation for the implementation of investment projects for the development of municipal public transport is extremely relevant. Today, however, such projects are financed by the lump-sum method, which creates prerequisites for an even greater distortion of the benefit principle. Public transport being as an element of local public goods, there is a strict binding to the locality, which makes it difficult for taxpayers living outside such zones to use it. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the possibility of introducing the benefit principle into the taxation of property owned by private individuals in the case of the city of Yekaterinburg by establishing the dependence of the availability of tram stops on the capitalization of the cost of residential real estate. In this study, we intend to confirm the hypothesis about the possibility of using a differentiated property tax rate, which will allow us to introduce various tax instruments for a fairer and fiscally more efficient tax model that provides for additional taxation of residents who benefit the most from electric municipal transport. Calculations were carried out by comparing the homogeneity of the price reaction to the proximity of tram stops when zoning by type of real estate and without such zoning. The calculations have shown that the capitalization of the proximity of tram stops in the cost of housing in Yekaterinburg fits both into the static and dynamic equilibrium model. At the same time, the model with zones previously combined by type of real estate showed more uniform results in terms of the degree of influence of the proximity of tram stops on the cost of housing. As a result of the study, it was possible to identify geographically isolated zones in Yekaterinburg with the most smoothed effect of the interaction between the objects of the proximity of tram stops on the price of real estate. These zones are also ready-made fiscal zones with an increased property tax, the protected proceeds from which should become a source for the creation of new transport infrastructure of the zone. The hypothesis of the study is confirmed. This model of taxation provides a high level of fairness; at the same time it is practically applicable in the conditions of Yekaterinburg.","PeriodicalId":44290,"journal":{"name":"Margin-Journal of Applied Economic Research","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83456343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.15826/vestnik.2021.20.2.013
M. Leonov
In the current circumstances of digital transformation of the economy, the study of the efficiency of commercial banks is widely demanded and provides an opportunity for identifying the prerequisites for the formation of a sustainable financial system. Despite the large number of scientific publications in this field, there are no systematic studies that summarize the existing methodological framework for the study of the effectiveness of banking activities. The purpose of the article is to critically analyze the approaches to assessing the efficiency of banking activities and prospects for its improvement in the digital economy. The complexity of assessing the effectiveness of commercial banks consists in the multiplicity of forms of output and resources used for this process. In this study, the author puts forward a hypothesis that the implementation of modern approaches and methods to assess the effectiveness of banking activities can improve the accuracy of the assessment itself, and help identify factors that increase the effectiveness of such activities. The article is based on English-language scientific papers published in between 2016 and 2020 and indexed in the international scientometric database «Web of Science». The author applies the method of systematic bibliographic study of the set of publications, highlights the main discussion issues of the recent years, namely, research methodology, internal efficiency factors, country specifics of banking activities. The article reveals the content, certain issues, and the limits of the applicability of the nonparametric method of data envelopment analysis and the parametric method of stochastic frontier analysis in assessing the effectiveness of activities. Particular attention is paid to the generalization of research results in terms of identifying factors that have a significant impact on the effectiveness of commercial banks: ownership structure, returns to scale, regulation. The author highlights the increasing role of information technology as a key production factor, highlights the phenomenon of breaking the value chain in banking activities, the formation of new business models and the functioning of banking ecosystems. The scientific and practical significance of the article lies in the gain of knowledge, which might provide the basis for the development of measures to improve banking regulation, as well as serve as the framework for the identification of the most effective forms of banking intermediation.
在当前经济数字化转型的背景下，对商业银行效率的研究被广泛需求，并为确定可持续金融体系形成的先决条件提供了机会。尽管在这一领域有大量的科学出版物，但没有系统的研究总结了研究银行活动有效性的现有方法框架。本文的目的是批判性地分析评估银行活动效率的方法及其在数字经济中的改善前景。评估商业银行有效性的复杂性在于产出形式和用于这一过程的资源的多样性。在本研究中，作者提出了一个假设，即采用现代的方法和方法来评估银行活动的有效性，可以提高评估本身的准确性，并有助于识别提高此类活动有效性的因素。这篇文章基于2016年至2020年间发表的英文科学论文，并被国际科学计量数据库“Web of Science”收录。本文采用系统文献研究的方法，重点讨论了近年来的主要讨论问题，即研究方法、内部效率因素、银行活动的国别特征。本文揭示了数据包络分析的非参数方法和随机前沿分析的参数方法在评估活动有效性方面的内容、存在的问题以及适用性的局限性。在识别对商业银行有效性有重大影响的因素方面，特别注意研究结果的概括:所有权结构，规模回报，监管。作者强调了信息技术作为关键生产要素的作用日益增强，强调了银行活动中价值链被打破的现象、新商业模式的形成以及银行生态系统的功能。本文的科学意义和现实意义在于获取知识，为制定完善银行监管的措施提供依据，并为确定最有效的银行中介形式提供框架。
{"title":"Review of Modern Approaches for Assessing the Effectiveness of Banking","authors":"M. Leonov","doi":"10.15826/vestnik.2021.20.2.013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15826/vestnik.2021.20.2.013","url":null,"abstract":"In the current circumstances of digital transformation of the economy, the study of the efficiency of commercial banks is widely demanded and provides an opportunity for identifying the prerequisites for the formation of a sustainable financial system. Despite the large number of scientific publications in this field, there are no systematic studies that summarize the existing methodological framework for the study of the effectiveness of banking activities. The purpose of the article is to critically analyze the approaches to assessing the efficiency of banking activities and prospects for its improvement in the digital economy. The complexity of assessing the effectiveness of commercial banks consists in the multiplicity of forms of output and resources used for this process. In this study, the author puts forward a hypothesis that the implementation of modern approaches and methods to assess the effectiveness of banking activities can improve the accuracy of the assessment itself, and help identify factors that increase the effectiveness of such activities. The article is based on English-language scientific papers published in between 2016 and 2020 and indexed in the international scientometric database «Web of Science». The author applies the method of systematic bibliographic study of the set of publications, highlights the main discussion issues of the recent years, namely, research methodology, internal efficiency factors, country specifics of banking activities. The article reveals the content, certain issues, and the limits of the applicability of the nonparametric method of data envelopment analysis and the parametric method of stochastic frontier analysis in assessing the effectiveness of activities. Particular attention is paid to the generalization of research results in terms of identifying factors that have a significant impact on the effectiveness of commercial banks: ownership structure, returns to scale, regulation. The author highlights the increasing role of information technology as a key production factor, highlights the phenomenon of breaking the value chain in banking activities, the formation of new business models and the functioning of banking ecosystems. The scientific and practical significance of the article lies in the gain of knowledge, which might provide the basis for the development of measures to improve banking regulation, as well as serve as the framework for the identification of the most effective forms of banking intermediation.","PeriodicalId":44290,"journal":{"name":"Margin-Journal of Applied Economic Research","volume":"60 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84844112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.15826/vestnik.2021.20.3.020
Y. Myslyakova
The review article is devoted to a search for unconventional solutions to established problems of old industrial regions. The economy of historically industrial territories is under the influence of long-term and complex factors of industrial specialization, socio-demographic processes, cultural and moral norms of the population, as well as political fronts. These factors are involved in modeling the system of "hereditary memory" of regions, which is responsible for regional predisposition to a certain type of innovative, social, industrial, political and other processes. The aim of the study is to identify genetic codes that determine the specific features of socio-economic transformations in old industrial regions. The hypothesis of the research is that the socio-economic development of an old industrial region is to a certain extent determined by a system of its interrelated genetic codes that determine the established specialization and predisposition of the territory to various endogenous processes. The methodology of the survey study is made up of the methods of system-functional and system-historical analysis of scientific publications, reflecting solutions to the problems of socio-economic development of old industrial regions. It is substantiated that each old industrial region has “defining” genetic codes: production, social and institutional ones. Together, these codes represent the fundamental hereditary program of the economic evolution of the territory and contain a set of endogenous factors of the development of the territory, formed and transmitted from generation to generation in the process of the life of society. It is shown that each region also has “dynamic” genetic codes that can be identified as innovative, infrastructural and sociocultural. All these codes are generated at the level of the connections of "defining" codes; they are able to cause revitalization of territories and ensure further stages of the evolutionary development of the territories under consideration, provided that these compounds are not defective. The scientific novelty of the results lies in the development of theoretical and methodological provisions of economic genetics as a modern interdisciplinary science, allowing one to understand in a new way the determinants and patterns of development of industrial regions, based on the experience of old industrial territories. The practical significance of the results obtained lies in the possibility of their use by the authorities as an additional tool for the development of tactical and strategic solutions to stable problems of historically industrial territories, increasing the effectiveness of their implementation.
{"title":"Fundamentals of Economic Genetics in Models of Evolution and Revitalization of Old Industrial Regions","authors":"Y. Myslyakova","doi":"10.15826/vestnik.2021.20.3.020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15826/vestnik.2021.20.3.020","url":null,"abstract":"The review article is devoted to a search for unconventional solutions to established problems of old industrial regions. The economy of historically industrial territories is under the influence of long-term and complex factors of industrial specialization, socio-demographic processes, cultural and moral norms of the population, as well as political fronts. These factors are involved in modeling the system of \"hereditary memory\" of regions, which is responsible for regional predisposition to a certain type of innovative, social, industrial, political and other processes. The aim of the study is to identify genetic codes that determine the specific features of socio-economic transformations in old industrial regions. The hypothesis of the research is that the socio-economic development of an old industrial region is to a certain extent determined by a system of its interrelated genetic codes that determine the established specialization and predisposition of the territory to various endogenous processes. The methodology of the survey study is made up of the methods of system-functional and system-historical analysis of scientific publications, reflecting solutions to the problems of socio-economic development of old industrial regions. It is substantiated that each old industrial region has “defining” genetic codes: production, social and institutional ones. Together, these codes represent the fundamental hereditary program of the economic evolution of the territory and contain a set of endogenous factors of the development of the territory, formed and transmitted from generation to generation in the process of the life of society. It is shown that each region also has “dynamic” genetic codes that can be identified as innovative, infrastructural and sociocultural. All these codes are generated at the level of the connections of \"defining\" codes; they are able to cause revitalization of territories and ensure further stages of the evolutionary development of the territories under consideration, provided that these compounds are not defective. The scientific novelty of the results lies in the development of theoretical and methodological provisions of economic genetics as a modern interdisciplinary science, allowing one to understand in a new way the determinants and patterns of development of industrial regions, based on the experience of old industrial territories. The practical significance of the results obtained lies in the possibility of their use by the authorities as an additional tool for the development of tactical and strategic solutions to stable problems of historically industrial territories, increasing the effectiveness of their implementation.","PeriodicalId":44290,"journal":{"name":"Margin-Journal of Applied Economic Research","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87528898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.15826/vestnik.2021.20.3.022
M. Yurevich
In the last few decades, there has been a radical change in the paradigm of universities – from organizations engaged in teaching and conducting basic research to institutions that actively interact with the real sector and commercialize the results of intellectual activity. In the scientific literature, this new model was called an "entrepreneurial university". The main hypothesis is the assumption that there is a global trend of turning traditional universities into entrepreneurial ones, as well as integral external drivers of this process. The purpose of this study is to describe the mechanisms of the university sector transformation in different countries, both at the national level and on the example of individual universities. The methodology of the work combines several research areas: a review of theoretical concepts of the university's activity format evolution; the study of key state tools for the transformation of the university sector; a comparative analysis of statistical data illustrating the cooperation of university science with the business sector; consideration of illustrative examples or cases of university transformation into world-class entrepreneurial universities. The main results and conclusions include the following provisions. First, the deployment of multi-stage mechanisms for creating centers of technological growth of regional and sometimes national economies based on individual universities or their consortia has become a global practice. Secondly, statistical indicators show the existence of a noticeable trend of strengthening cooperation between private companies and universities in conducting R&D, which indicates a gradual reorientation of the latter towards solving applied research tasks that are in demand in the market. Thirdly, the process of universities transforming into entrepreneurial organizations can occur in various ways, but the vital factor is the presence of a real demand for the results of university research and development. The described cases can have practical application when drawing up a strategy for the transformation of Russian universities into entrepreneurial universities.
{"title":"Global Transformation of Higher Education: From Traditional to Entrepreneurial University","authors":"M. Yurevich","doi":"10.15826/vestnik.2021.20.3.022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15826/vestnik.2021.20.3.022","url":null,"abstract":"In the last few decades, there has been a radical change in the paradigm of universities – from organizations engaged in teaching and conducting basic research to institutions that actively interact with the real sector and commercialize the results of intellectual activity. In the scientific literature, this new model was called an \"entrepreneurial university\". The main hypothesis is the assumption that there is a global trend of turning traditional universities into entrepreneurial ones, as well as integral external drivers of this process. The purpose of this study is to describe the mechanisms of the university sector transformation in different countries, both at the national level and on the example of individual universities. The methodology of the work combines several research areas: a review of theoretical concepts of the university's activity format evolution; the study of key state tools for the transformation of the university sector; a comparative analysis of statistical data illustrating the cooperation of university science with the business sector; consideration of illustrative examples or cases of university transformation into world-class entrepreneurial universities. The main results and conclusions include the following provisions. First, the deployment of multi-stage mechanisms for creating centers of technological growth of regional and sometimes national economies based on individual universities or their consortia has become a global practice. Secondly, statistical indicators show the existence of a noticeable trend of strengthening cooperation between private companies and universities in conducting R&D, which indicates a gradual reorientation of the latter towards solving applied research tasks that are in demand in the market. Thirdly, the process of universities transforming into entrepreneurial organizations can occur in various ways, but the vital factor is the presence of a real demand for the results of university research and development. The described cases can have practical application when drawing up a strategy for the transformation of Russian universities into entrepreneurial universities.","PeriodicalId":44290,"journal":{"name":"Margin-Journal of Applied Economic Research","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90993349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.15826/vestnik.2021.20.4.027
A. Karaeva, M. R. Chashchin, E. Magaril
The higher education system makes it possible to accelerate the process of transition of the economy and society to a sustainable direction of its development by forming a new ecological worldview among the younger generation and minimizing future ecological and economic damage to the environment of the region in which the university is located. Nowadays, the pace of the implementation of sustainable development principles in the operational and educational activities of Russian universities remains low, which affects the level of environmental and economic security. The purpose of this study is to identify barriers and prospects for the implementation of sustainable development principles in Russian universities, as a factor of increasing the level of environmental and economic security, using the case of Ural Federal University. The authors analyzed the university's development program, its implemented activities in the field of ecology and sustainable development, its eco-oriented activities, and evaluated the university using the UI Green University Metrics methodology in order to determine its potential position in the green universities ranking. SWOT analysis was carried out to combine the results obtained and to identify the barriers to the implementation of the sustainable development principles and the barriers to increasing the level of environmental and economic security. Promising directions for the development of the university for the coming years were also identified within the framework of the new concept. The main barriers are the lack of an official program of sustainable development of the university, appropriate administrative and economic management tools and targeted state support. In order to stimulate the university's transition to a new concept, the development of a specialized information resource and improvement of the solid municipal waste management system are proposed. A list of economic, organizational and administrative tools for managing sustainable development is also formulated. The implementation of these measures could not only form the foundation for the successful implementation of the sustainable development principles at Ural Federal University but would also increase the university's potential position in the UI Green University Metrics rating and would have a positive impact on the level of environmental and economic security.
{"title":"Introduction of the Sustainable Development Principles in Universities as a Factor of Increasing Ecological and Economic Security","authors":"A. Karaeva, M. R. Chashchin, E. Magaril","doi":"10.15826/vestnik.2021.20.4.027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15826/vestnik.2021.20.4.027","url":null,"abstract":"The higher education system makes it possible to accelerate the process of transition of the economy and society to a sustainable direction of its development by forming a new ecological worldview among the younger generation and minimizing future ecological and economic damage to the environment of the region in which the university is located. Nowadays, the pace of the implementation of sustainable development principles in the operational and educational activities of Russian universities remains low, which affects the level of environmental and economic security. The purpose of this study is to identify barriers and prospects for the implementation of sustainable development principles in Russian universities, as a factor of increasing the level of environmental and economic security, using the case of Ural Federal University. The authors analyzed the university's development program, its implemented activities in the field of ecology and sustainable development, its eco-oriented activities, and evaluated the university using the UI Green University Metrics methodology in order to determine its potential position in the green universities ranking. SWOT analysis was carried out to combine the results obtained and to identify the barriers to the implementation of the sustainable development principles and the barriers to increasing the level of environmental and economic security. Promising directions for the development of the university for the coming years were also identified within the framework of the new concept. The main barriers are the lack of an official program of sustainable development of the university, appropriate administrative and economic management tools and targeted state support. In order to stimulate the university's transition to a new concept, the development of a specialized information resource and improvement of the solid municipal waste management system are proposed. A list of economic, organizational and administrative tools for managing sustainable development is also formulated. The implementation of these measures could not only form the foundation for the successful implementation of the sustainable development principles at Ural Federal University but would also increase the university's potential position in the UI Green University Metrics rating and would have a positive impact on the level of environmental and economic security.","PeriodicalId":44290,"journal":{"name":"Margin-Journal of Applied Economic Research","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76784508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.15826/vestnik.2021.20.4.029
D. Artemyev, N. Kuznetsov, D. V. Gergert
The study empirically analyzes the impact of media coverage of corporate social responsibility projects both in the media and by the official press centers of companies on the market value of the shares of these companies. Such coverage can have both positive and negative effects. The research interest is whether corporate social responsibility projects are important to investors. The purpose of this study is to create a model for assessing the impact of media coverage of corporate social responsibility projects on the market value of companies' shares. Based on data on the market value of shares of Russian companies, using regression models, the influence of the press coverage of such projects on the market value of shares was estimated. Thus, the hypothesis was confirmed that official company news about corporate social projects and news published by external sources have a connection with the market value of shares. In addition, the study found that corporate social responsibility project news published by a company has a greater impact on institutional investors, while news published by external sources has a greater impact on individual investors. An industry-specific phenomenon has been identified. News published by the company on corporate social responsibility projects has a greater impact on stock prices in the metals, telecommunications, fuel, oil and gas and energy industries, while the coverage of such projects in external sources has a greater impact in the banking sector, construction and development, and the financial sector. The models proposed in the study have fairly high predictive and explanatory quality. This suggests that Russian public companies are following an international trend towards an increase in the number of corporate social responsibility projects and information about such projects is quite important for investors. The application of the proposed model allows us to understand how the market expectations will change as a whole, and therefore to predict the movement of shares in the short term.
{"title":"The Influence of Media Coverage of Corporate Social Responsibility Projects on the Market Value of Shares of Russian Companies","authors":"D. Artemyev, N. Kuznetsov, D. V. Gergert","doi":"10.15826/vestnik.2021.20.4.029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15826/vestnik.2021.20.4.029","url":null,"abstract":"The study empirically analyzes the impact of media coverage of corporate social responsibility projects both in the media and by the official press centers of companies on the market value of the shares of these companies. Such coverage can have both positive and negative effects. The research interest is whether corporate social responsibility projects are important to investors. The purpose of this study is to create a model for assessing the impact of media coverage of corporate social responsibility projects on the market value of companies' shares. Based on data on the market value of shares of Russian companies, using regression models, the influence of the press coverage of such projects on the market value of shares was estimated. Thus, the hypothesis was confirmed that official company news about corporate social projects and news published by external sources have a connection with the market value of shares. In addition, the study found that corporate social responsibility project news published by a company has a greater impact on institutional investors, while news published by external sources has a greater impact on individual investors. An industry-specific phenomenon has been identified. News published by the company on corporate social responsibility projects has a greater impact on stock prices in the metals, telecommunications, fuel, oil and gas and energy industries, while the coverage of such projects in external sources has a greater impact in the banking sector, construction and development, and the financial sector. The models proposed in the study have fairly high predictive and explanatory quality. This suggests that Russian public companies are following an international trend towards an increase in the number of corporate social responsibility projects and information about such projects is quite important for investors. The application of the proposed model allows us to understand how the market expectations will change as a whole, and therefore to predict the movement of shares in the short term.","PeriodicalId":44290,"journal":{"name":"Margin-Journal of Applied Economic Research","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84574893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.15826/vestnik.2021.20.3.016
V. Gamukin, O. Miroshnichenko
The search for factors that could explain the formation of stable savings behavior of the population while taking into account regional conditions, remains relevant for ensuring the sustainability of a country's banking system. The aim of the study is to identify possible relationships between the indicators of gross regional product, total monetary income and deposits of the population in the regions of Russia. Within the framework of the study, the hypothesis is set and tested about the existence of a pattern between the savings behavior of the population and the share of its income relative to the gross regional product. An index method is used to determine the ratio of the indicators under consideration. Three indices are calculated: the ratio of the increase in deposits of the population, the ratio of the increase in deposits of the population to the volume of monetary income of the population of the region, and the ratio of the volume of monetary income of the population of the region to gross regional product. The latter index has not been used previously in studies of the savings behavior of the population. Additionally, the method of graphical matching of indices with scattering chart construction is applied. The indicators of the regions of Russia are divided into four clusters according to the criterion of deviation from the average values in the country. As a result, various models of behavior of depositors are determined. In 21 regions classified under cluster I and IV, there is a direct proportional relationship between the indicators considered, namely, a low tendency to save with a low share of per capita income to gross regional product. In 64 regions classified as clusters II and III, an inverse relationship between the indicators under consideration was formed, which indicates the predominance of such a model in Russia as a whole and confirms the hypothesis put forward for most regions. The distribution of the regions of the clusters according to relativity criteria from the average Russian values allows you to quickly assess the state of savings behavior of the population and predict this factor when analyzing the stability of regional banking systems within the practical activities of the territorial administrations of the Central Bank of Russia. It can also be used by credit organizations to develop interregional expansion programs.
{"title":"Impact of the Gross Regional Product and Total Monetary Income of the Population on Savings Behavior in the Regions of Russia","authors":"V. Gamukin, O. Miroshnichenko","doi":"10.15826/vestnik.2021.20.3.016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15826/vestnik.2021.20.3.016","url":null,"abstract":"The search for factors that could explain the formation of stable savings behavior of the population while taking into account regional conditions, remains relevant for ensuring the sustainability of a country's banking system. The aim of the study is to identify possible relationships between the indicators of gross regional product, total monetary income and deposits of the population in the regions of Russia. Within the framework of the study, the hypothesis is set and tested about the existence of a pattern between the savings behavior of the population and the share of its income relative to the gross regional product. An index method is used to determine the ratio of the indicators under consideration. Three indices are calculated: the ratio of the increase in deposits of the population, the ratio of the increase in deposits of the population to the volume of monetary income of the population of the region, and the ratio of the volume of monetary income of the population of the region to gross regional product. The latter index has not been used previously in studies of the savings behavior of the population. Additionally, the method of graphical matching of indices with scattering chart construction is applied. The indicators of the regions of Russia are divided into four clusters according to the criterion of deviation from the average values in the country. As a result, various models of behavior of depositors are determined. In 21 regions classified under cluster I and IV, there is a direct proportional relationship between the indicators considered, namely, a low tendency to save with a low share of per capita income to gross regional product. In 64 regions classified as clusters II and III, an inverse relationship between the indicators under consideration was formed, which indicates the predominance of such a model in Russia as a whole and confirms the hypothesis put forward for most regions. The distribution of the regions of the clusters according to relativity criteria from the average Russian values allows you to quickly assess the state of savings behavior of the population and predict this factor when analyzing the stability of regional banking systems within the practical activities of the territorial administrations of the Central Bank of Russia. It can also be used by credit organizations to develop interregional expansion programs.","PeriodicalId":44290,"journal":{"name":"Margin-Journal of Applied Economic Research","volume":"102 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79515471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.15826/vestnik.2021.20.3.018
V. Krivorotov, A. Kalina, S. Erypalov, P. А. Koryakina
The purpose of this study is to develop methodological tools and assess the energy efficiency of Russian copper companies in comparison with the world's leading competitors as the basis for ensuring their competitive development. It is shown that in today's conditions the defining vector of economic development in the leading countries of the world is the concept of low-carbon development and the implementation of the model of a «green economy, based on the introduction of energy-efficient low-carbon technologies that reduce energy intensity and the level of greenhouse gas emissions, on the widespread implementation of energy conservation policies and stimulating the rational use of energy resources A scientific and methodological approach to researching and increasing the competitiveness of companies based on their energy efficient development based on the use of a systematic approach and the principle of feedback between the company's competitiveness and the implementation of its energy efficient development strategy is proposed. A methodological approach to assessing the energy efficiency of companies has been developed, based on the use of indicative analysis and comparative analysis of energy efficiency indicators. Within the framework of the developed methodology, a system of indicators of the company's energy efficiency is proposed, which is based on a three-level assessment at the following levels: the level of the production complex as a whole; the level of certain types of products manufactured by the production complex; the level of the technological process for the production of products. Within the framework of the considered three-tier system, a block system of energy efficiency indicators of the company has been formed. The conceptual scheme of the methodology for the multicriteria selection of priority energy-efficient projects for the development of the company is proposed, based on a complex multi-stage procedure, as a result of the implementation of which the selection of the set of projects is made that will provide the maximum effect from the standpoint of increasing the company's energy efficiency. Practical testing of the proposed methodological developments was carried out in relation to the Ural Mining and Metallurgical Company - the largest domestic company in the field of copper and copper products production - in comparison with the world's leading competitors. The results of the approbation showed a significant lag of the company in a number of key energy efficiency indicators from the world's leading manufacturers.
{"title":"Copper Companies as a Basis for Ensuring Their Global Competitiveness","authors":"V. Krivorotov, A. Kalina, S. Erypalov, P. А. Koryakina","doi":"10.15826/vestnik.2021.20.3.018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15826/vestnik.2021.20.3.018","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study is to develop methodological tools and assess the energy efficiency of Russian copper companies in comparison with the world's leading competitors as the basis for ensuring their competitive development. It is shown that in today's conditions the defining vector of economic development in the leading countries of the world is the concept of low-carbon development and the implementation of the model of a «green economy, based on the introduction of energy-efficient low-carbon technologies that reduce energy intensity and the level of greenhouse gas emissions, on the widespread implementation of energy conservation policies and stimulating the rational use of energy resources A scientific and methodological approach to researching and increasing the competitiveness of companies based on their energy efficient development based on the use of a systematic approach and the principle of feedback between the company's competitiveness and the implementation of its energy efficient development strategy is proposed. A methodological approach to assessing the energy efficiency of companies has been developed, based on the use of indicative analysis and comparative analysis of energy efficiency indicators. Within the framework of the developed methodology, a system of indicators of the company's energy efficiency is proposed, which is based on a three-level assessment at the following levels: the level of the production complex as a whole; the level of certain types of products manufactured by the production complex; the level of the technological process for the production of products. Within the framework of the considered three-tier system, a block system of energy efficiency indicators of the company has been formed. The conceptual scheme of the methodology for the multicriteria selection of priority energy-efficient projects for the development of the company is proposed, based on a complex multi-stage procedure, as a result of the implementation of which the selection of the set of projects is made that will provide the maximum effect from the standpoint of increasing the company's energy efficiency. Practical testing of the proposed methodological developments was carried out in relation to the Ural Mining and Metallurgical Company - the largest domestic company in the field of copper and copper products production - in comparison with the world's leading competitors. The results of the approbation showed a significant lag of the company in a number of key energy efficiency indicators from the world's leading manufacturers.","PeriodicalId":44290,"journal":{"name":"Margin-Journal of Applied Economic Research","volume":"63 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78208534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.15826/vestnik.2021.20.2.014
A. Popov, T. Soloveva
Major transformations have taken place throughout history, radically changing people's way of life. This can be noted in particular in the area of employment. In just the last few centuries, it has gone from predominantly agrarian employment, manual work and natural specialization to the technology-based image of the service-sector worker. The purpose of the article is to comprehend and conceptualize the process of forming a new employment paradigm through the prism of global challenges. The hypothesis is that in the modern world, employment is becoming increasingly blurred, combining features of different eras, which results in an intensification of social stratification and labor market segmentation. The research is based on the methodological principles of compiling a systematic review and consists of the following steps: goal setting and study design, selection of relevant literature according to the defined criteria, generalization and analytical review of selected sources, presentation of results. The analysis highlights the key trends in the field of employment at the current stage of social development. Among them are concentration of the labor force in the tertiary sector, destandardization and increased flexibility of employment, changes in the economy's requirements for human capital, etc. Special attention is paid to the influence of global challenges on the future of work under single-factor and complex scenarios of its development. The authors provide an analytical review of international experience in overcoming the negative consequences of employment transformation. The paper concludes by offering conceptual understanding of the emerging paradigm of employment and highlighting its cognitive features. The results obtained contribute to the development of the discussion on the future of work, related opportunities and threats. The practical significance of the study lies in identifying promising directions of state policy to regulate employment in the face of modern challenges.
{"title":"The Present and Future of the Employment Paradigm in the Context of Global Changes","authors":"A. Popov, T. Soloveva","doi":"10.15826/vestnik.2021.20.2.014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15826/vestnik.2021.20.2.014","url":null,"abstract":"Major transformations have taken place throughout history, radically changing people's way of life. This can be noted in particular in the area of employment. In just the last few centuries, it has gone from predominantly agrarian employment, manual work and natural specialization to the technology-based image of the service-sector worker. The purpose of the article is to comprehend and conceptualize the process of forming a new employment paradigm through the prism of global challenges. The hypothesis is that in the modern world, employment is becoming increasingly blurred, combining features of different eras, which results in an intensification of social stratification and labor market segmentation. The research is based on the methodological principles of compiling a systematic review and consists of the following steps: goal setting and study design, selection of relevant literature according to the defined criteria, generalization and analytical review of selected sources, presentation of results. The analysis highlights the key trends in the field of employment at the current stage of social development. Among them are concentration of the labor force in the tertiary sector, destandardization and increased flexibility of employment, changes in the economy's requirements for human capital, etc. Special attention is paid to the influence of global challenges on the future of work under single-factor and complex scenarios of its development. The authors provide an analytical review of international experience in overcoming the negative consequences of employment transformation. The paper concludes by offering conceptual understanding of the emerging paradigm of employment and highlighting its cognitive features. The results obtained contribute to the development of the discussion on the future of work, related opportunities and threats. The practical significance of the study lies in identifying promising directions of state policy to regulate employment in the face of modern challenges.","PeriodicalId":44290,"journal":{"name":"Margin-Journal of Applied Economic Research","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76315677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.15826/vestnik.2021.20.3.023
G. Chebotareva, A. A. Dvinayninov
The main trend in energy development is to increase energy efficiency by reducing the use of limited natural resources, the spread of renewable energy, and reducing the negative impact on the environment. An effective response to these challenges is the use of biogas plants that produce clean energy and solve the environmental problems of waste disposal and recycling. The purpose of the article is to assess the economic efficiency of replacing district gas supply with autonomous biogas plants in public utilities. A hypothesis has been put forward that the feasibility of using such technologies depends on climatic features and the specific provisions of state regulation of prices and gas consumption rates. A cost approach was applied that assesses the overall structure of equipment costs, as well as a comparative assessment method according to the principle “with / without a biogas plant”, and a scenario analysis, the criterion of which is the size of the family owning the plant. An auxiliary method for forecasting retail and economically justified prices for natural gas for the population was used. The object of calculations is the “HomeBiogas” installation intended for home use. Three Russian cities were chosen as territorial subjects: Yekaterinburg, Irkutsk and Krasnodar. The cities which differ significantly in their natural characteristics and approaches to the formation of retail gas prices. It has been proved that although the average monthly temperatures differ significantly in the cities considered, none of them has a constant temperature exceeding the required standard value of 17°C. In each case, the initial capital investment is driven up by the cost of installing additional insulation and heating systems. This equalizes the costs of warmer and colder areas. Therefore, the climatic features of cities are not significant and do not affect the economic efficiency of using a biogas plant. In turn, state regulation of prices and norms of gas consumption by the population is of decisive importance. The findings are of theoretical and practical importance. The methodology can be applied to assess the efficiency of using biogas plants in industry and gasification projects in the remote areas of Russia.
{"title":"An Economic Alternative to Replacing Centralized Gas Supply with Autonomous Biogas Facilities in Russian Cities","authors":"G. Chebotareva, A. A. Dvinayninov","doi":"10.15826/vestnik.2021.20.3.023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15826/vestnik.2021.20.3.023","url":null,"abstract":"The main trend in energy development is to increase energy efficiency by reducing the use of limited natural resources, the spread of renewable energy, and reducing the negative impact on the environment. An effective response to these challenges is the use of biogas plants that produce clean energy and solve the environmental problems of waste disposal and recycling. The purpose of the article is to assess the economic efficiency of replacing district gas supply with autonomous biogas plants in public utilities. A hypothesis has been put forward that the feasibility of using such technologies depends on climatic features and the specific provisions of state regulation of prices and gas consumption rates. A cost approach was applied that assesses the overall structure of equipment costs, as well as a comparative assessment method according to the principle “with / without a biogas plant”, and a scenario analysis, the criterion of which is the size of the family owning the plant. An auxiliary method for forecasting retail and economically justified prices for natural gas for the population was used. The object of calculations is the “HomeBiogas” installation intended for home use. Three Russian cities were chosen as territorial subjects: Yekaterinburg, Irkutsk and Krasnodar. The cities which differ significantly in their natural characteristics and approaches to the formation of retail gas prices. It has been proved that although the average monthly temperatures differ significantly in the cities considered, none of them has a constant temperature exceeding the required standard value of 17°C. In each case, the initial capital investment is driven up by the cost of installing additional insulation and heating systems. This equalizes the costs of warmer and colder areas. Therefore, the climatic features of cities are not significant and do not affect the economic efficiency of using a biogas plant. In turn, state regulation of prices and norms of gas consumption by the population is of decisive importance. The findings are of theoretical and practical importance. The methodology can be applied to assess the efficiency of using biogas plants in industry and gasification projects in the remote areas of Russia.","PeriodicalId":44290,"journal":{"name":"Margin-Journal of Applied Economic Research","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80428464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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