Pub Date : 2017-03-24DOI: 10.3989/ALQANTARA.2016.010
P. Carusi
An alchemical Arabic treatise alternatively entitled Miftāḥ al-ḥikma, Miftāḥ jannāt al-khuld, Sirr al-asrār and Sirr al-sārr wa-sirr al-asrār is attributed in its manuscripts to two different authors: al-Iznīqī and Jābir b. Ḥayyān. In this article I briefly discuss some characteristic aspects of the treatise and its significance for the history of alchemy. These aspects include its ancient and important sources, such as the Muṣḥaf al-jamā‛a (Turba philosophorum) and the Kitāb al-Ḥabīb, and its connection with the tradition of the artists and the activity of the workshop and laboratory, which first comes to the fore in Greek alchemy and later in Islamic alchemy. Furthermore, the work includes references to alchemical physical theories in which the influence of Islamic theology may perhaps be traced. This article, which summarises the results of investigations carried out over the last few years, could be considered as a kind of introduction to the edition and translation of the text currently in progress.
一本阿拉伯语炼金术专著的标题为Miftāḥ al-ḥikma, Miftāḥ jannāt al-khuld, Sirr al-asrār和Sirr al-sārr wa-sirr al-asrār，在其手稿中被归因于两个不同的作者:al- izn qir和Jābir b. Ḥayyān。在本文中，我简要地讨论了论文的一些特征方面及其对炼金术史的意义。这些方面包括其古老而重要的来源，如Muṣḥaf al- jami ' a(图尔巴哲学)和Kitāb al- -Ḥabīb，以及它与艺术家传统和车间和实验室活动的联系，这些活动首先出现在希腊炼金术中，后来出现在伊斯兰炼金术中。此外，这本书还提到了炼金术物理理论，其中伊斯兰神学的影响可能可以追溯到。这篇文章总结了过去几年进行的调查结果，可以被认为是对目前正在进行的文本的编辑和翻译的一种介绍。
{"title":"Iznīqī y Ŷābir, Sirr y Miftāḥ : dos autores, cuatro títulos, un tratado alquímico","authors":"P. Carusi","doi":"10.3989/ALQANTARA.2016.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3989/ALQANTARA.2016.010","url":null,"abstract":"An alchemical Arabic treatise alternatively entitled Miftāḥ al-ḥikma, Miftāḥ jannāt al-khuld, Sirr al-asrār and Sirr al-sārr wa-sirr al-asrār is attributed in its manuscripts to two different authors: al-Iznīqī and Jābir b. Ḥayyān. In this article I briefly discuss some characteristic aspects of the treatise and its significance for the history of alchemy. These aspects include its ancient and important sources, such as the Muṣḥaf al-jamā‛a (Turba philosophorum) and the Kitāb al-Ḥabīb, and its connection with the tradition of the artists and the activity of the workshop and laboratory, which first comes to the fore in Greek alchemy and later in Islamic alchemy. Furthermore, the work includes references to alchemical physical theories in which the influence of Islamic theology may perhaps be traced. This article, which summarises the results of investigations carried out over the last few years, could be considered as a kind of introduction to the edition and translation of the text currently in progress.","PeriodicalId":44299,"journal":{"name":"AL-QANTARA","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2017-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73768974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-03-24DOI: 10.3989/ALQANTARA.2016.009
P. Lory
The vast corpus attributed to Jābir b. Ḥayyān includes important elements of shī‘ī doctrine. Alchemy itself is described as an ‘imamic’ science, the purpose of which is to help mankind achieve eschatological fulfillment. This article aims to determine whether these shī‘ī elements are a fundamental part of the original Corpus Jābirianum, or if they are the result of a later set of interpolations. On the basis of one of the oldest jābirian texts, the Kitāb al-Usṭuqus al-uss I, II and III, this article concludes that in jābirian alchemical doctrine, the role of the Imam is fundamental to the reception and spreading of alchemy. At the same time, the idea expressed in this text that the alchemist could achieve a level of wisdom equal to that of the Imam purely through his own research ultimately leads to a weakening of these shī‘ī positions.
归于Jābir b. Ḥayyān的大量语料库包含了sh’s’s学说的重要元素。炼金术本身被描述为一门“动态”科学，其目的是帮助人类实现末世的实现。本文的目的是确定这些sh ' ' '元素是否是原始语料库Jābirianum的基本部分，还是它们是后来一组内插的结果。在最古老的jābirian文本之一的基础上，Kitāb al-Usṭuqus al-uss I, II和III，本文得出结论，在jābirian炼金术教义中，伊玛目的作用是炼金术接受和传播的基础。与此同时，这篇文章中表达的观点认为，炼金术士可以通过自己的研究达到与伊玛目相当的智慧水平，最终导致了这些shi ' ' '地位的削弱。
{"title":"Aspects de l’ésotérisme chiite dans le Corpus Ǧābirien : Les trois Livres de l’Elément de fondation","authors":"P. Lory","doi":"10.3989/ALQANTARA.2016.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3989/ALQANTARA.2016.009","url":null,"abstract":"The vast corpus attributed to Jābir b. Ḥayyān includes important elements of shī‘ī doctrine. Alchemy itself is described as an ‘imamic’ science, the purpose of which is to help mankind achieve eschatological fulfillment. This article aims to determine whether these shī‘ī elements are a fundamental part of the original Corpus Jābirianum, or if they are the result of a later set of interpolations. On the basis of one of the oldest jābirian texts, the Kitāb al-Usṭuqus al-uss I, II and III, this article concludes that in jābirian alchemical doctrine, the role of the Imam is fundamental to the reception and spreading of alchemy. At the same time, the idea expressed in this text that the alchemist could achieve a level of wisdom equal to that of the Imam purely through his own research ultimately leads to a weakening of these shī‘ī positions.","PeriodicalId":44299,"journal":{"name":"AL-QANTARA","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2017-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78687919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-03-24DOI: 10.3989/ALQANTARA.2016.015
Mohammad Karimi Zanjani Asl
In the Islamic period, Apollonius of Tyana (c. 15-100 CE) was well known both as “Lord of the Talismans” (ṣāḥib al-ṭilasmāt) and as a Neo-Pythagorean-Hermetic philosopher. In his Kitāb al-Aḥjār, Jābir b. Ḥayyān cites “the Muslim advocates of Apollonius” (aṣḥāb Balīnās al-Islāmīyūn). The reference shows that Apollonius’ most prominent work, Sirr alkhalīqa, was already famous in the Arabicspeaking world from very early on. This article gives an overview of citations of Apollonius in Islamic sources from different fields and of the works generally attributed to him. Furthermore, I review Sirr al-khalīqa, its influences on the Jābirian works and its reception in the Ismā‘īlī tradition. This article additionally discusses an Arabic commentary of Sirr al-khalīqa by ‘Awn b. al-Mundhir (4th/10th century), which is extant in a unique manuscript, and its hitherto unknown Persian translation. This Persian translation covers parts of Ibn al-Mundhir’s work not available in the Arabic excerpt and is therefore an important source for the history of Islamic alchemy. An edition of the Persian translation is given as an appendix.
在伊斯兰时期，提亚那的阿波罗尼乌斯(约公元15-100年)以“护身符之主”(ṣāḥib al-ṭilasmāt)和新毕达哥拉斯-赫尔墨斯哲学家的身份而闻名。在他的Kitāb al-Aḥjār中，Jābir b. Ḥayyān引用了“阿波罗尼乌斯的穆斯林拥护者”(aṣḥāb Balīnās al-Islāmīyūn)。参考资料显示，阿波罗尼乌斯最杰出的作品《Sirr alkhal qa》很早就在阿拉伯语世界出名了。本文概述了在不同领域的伊斯兰文献中对阿波罗尼乌斯的引用，以及一般认为是他的作品。此外，我回顾了Sirr al- khal qa，它对Jābirian作品的影响，以及它在Ismā ' I ā传统中的接受程度。本文还讨论了Awn b. al-Mundhir(4 /10世纪)对Sirr al- khal qa的阿拉伯语评论，该评论以一份独特的手稿存在，以及迄今为止未知的波斯语翻译。这本波斯语译本涵盖了伊本·蒙代尔作品中阿拉伯语节选中没有的部分内容，因此是伊斯兰炼金术历史的重要来源。附录中有一份波斯语译本。
{"title":"Sirr al-jalīqa y su influencia en el mundo árabe y persa: el comentario de ‘Awn b. al-Munḏir y su desconocida traducción persa","authors":"Mohammad Karimi Zanjani Asl","doi":"10.3989/ALQANTARA.2016.015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3989/ALQANTARA.2016.015","url":null,"abstract":"In the Islamic period, Apollonius of Tyana (c. 15-100 CE) was well known both as “Lord of the Talismans” (ṣāḥib al-ṭilasmāt) and as a Neo-Pythagorean-Hermetic philosopher. In his Kitāb al-Aḥjār, Jābir b. Ḥayyān cites “the Muslim advocates of Apollonius” (aṣḥāb Balīnās al-Islāmīyūn). The reference shows that Apollonius’ most prominent work, Sirr alkhalīqa, was already famous in the Arabicspeaking world from very early on. This article gives an overview of citations of Apollonius in Islamic sources from different fields and of the works generally attributed to him. Furthermore, I review Sirr al-khalīqa, its influences on the Jābirian works and its reception in the Ismā‘īlī tradition. This article additionally discusses an Arabic commentary of Sirr al-khalīqa by ‘Awn b. al-Mundhir (4th/10th century), which is extant in a unique manuscript, and its hitherto unknown Persian translation. This Persian translation covers parts of Ibn al-Mundhir’s work not available in the Arabic excerpt and is therefore an important source for the history of Islamic alchemy. An edition of the Persian translation is given as an appendix.","PeriodicalId":44299,"journal":{"name":"AL-QANTARA","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2017-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85924297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-06-30DOI: 10.3989/ALQANTARA.2016.001
Mathias Hoorelbeke
This article investigates the relationship between the early Abbassid poet and his patron. Instead of focusing on verbal interactions or on the circulation of wealth between them, it analyses the spatial positions of both parties, which contribute too to negotiate the distance between them. This proxemics starts from the door of the patron who, even if he cannot be seen at this stage, is not totally absent and organises the entrance screening and therefore guarantees access to the poets who accept the rules of the game. Once in front of the patron, the contender’s behaviour and the expression of his pretences is organised by a set of rules of precedence and propriety. Eventually, separation is also strictly regulated in order to avoid a crisis. All these various forms of control ensure the efficient and generally peaceful functioning of the patronal institution.
{"title":"Rhétorique de la distance : comment le poète négocie sa place auprès du patron au début de l’époque abbasside","authors":"Mathias Hoorelbeke","doi":"10.3989/ALQANTARA.2016.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3989/ALQANTARA.2016.001","url":null,"abstract":"This article investigates the relationship between the early Abbassid poet and his patron. Instead of focusing on verbal interactions or on the circulation of wealth between them, it analyses the spatial positions of both parties, which contribute too to negotiate the distance between them. This proxemics starts from the door of the patron who, even if he cannot be seen at this stage, is not totally absent and organises the entrance screening and therefore guarantees access to the poets who accept the rules of the game. Once in front of the patron, the contender’s behaviour and the expression of his pretences is organised by a set of rules of precedence and propriety. Eventually, separation is also strictly regulated in order to avoid a crisis. All these various forms of control ensure the efficient and generally peaceful functioning of the patronal institution.","PeriodicalId":44299,"journal":{"name":"AL-QANTARA","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2016-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78977884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-06-30DOI: 10.3989/ALQANTARA.2016.004
Rafael Pérez-García
The war of Granada between 1568 and 1570 caused that the majority of the morisco population of the Kingdom of Granada were enslaved and deported towards Castile. This article studies the history and characteristics of the morisco people who were settled in the city of Antequera and along the ancient grenadian frontier after the war.
{"title":"Moriscos en Antequera, 1569-1574","authors":"Rafael Pérez-García","doi":"10.3989/ALQANTARA.2016.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3989/ALQANTARA.2016.004","url":null,"abstract":"The war of Granada between 1568 and 1570 caused that the majority of the morisco population of the Kingdom of Granada were enslaved and deported towards Castile. This article studies the history and characteristics of the morisco people who were settled in the city of Antequera and along the ancient grenadian frontier after the war.","PeriodicalId":44299,"journal":{"name":"AL-QANTARA","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2016-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78021879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-06-30DOI: 10.3989/ALQANTARA.2016.002
J. M. Delgado
The first samples of Andalusi Hebrew poetry inspired by the Arabic metric and figures in the 10th century at Cordoba took the form of musammaṭ . Hebrew musammaṭ lends both strophic games and metric changes not tolerated in Hebrew poetry inspired by classical Arabic metrics. This phenomenon will occur throughout all the classical period of the Jews of Andalus (10th-12th centuries). I selected a sample of acrostic Hebrew musammaṭ in order to show this use establishing their date and place. The aim of these samples is to shed some light on two premises currently accepted: the stanzaic structure of the Andalusi poetry is rooted in the musammaṭ and the Hebrew poetry has two metrical models: quantitative and syllabic.
{"title":"Muestras del estrofismo andalusí y su métrica según la poesía hebrea","authors":"J. M. Delgado","doi":"10.3989/ALQANTARA.2016.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3989/ALQANTARA.2016.002","url":null,"abstract":"The first samples of Andalusi Hebrew poetry inspired by the Arabic metric and figures in the 10th century at Cordoba took the form of musammaṭ . Hebrew musammaṭ lends both strophic games and metric changes not tolerated in Hebrew poetry inspired by classical Arabic metrics. This phenomenon will occur throughout all the classical period of the Jews of Andalus (10th-12th centuries). I selected a sample of acrostic Hebrew musammaṭ in order to show this use establishing their date and place. The aim of these samples is to shed some light on two premises currently accepted: the stanzaic structure of the Andalusi poetry is rooted in the musammaṭ and the Hebrew poetry has two metrical models: quantitative and syllabic.","PeriodicalId":44299,"journal":{"name":"AL-QANTARA","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2016-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83026621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-06-30DOI: 10.3989/alqantara.2016.005
Haggai Mazuz
‘Abd al-Haqq al-Islāmī, a fourteenth-century Muslim polemicist of Jewish origin, has been somewhat obscured in research due to doubts about the uniqueness and originality of his thinking and the extent of his Jewish education. This article, part of a broader research effort presently under way, attempts to surmount these doubts by demonstrating that ‘Abd al-Haqq made a unique contribution to the oeuvre of Muslim anti-Jewish polemics, displayed originality in his extensive use of gematria and adaptation of source material to his agenda, and possessed no small amount of Jewish knowledge. The last-mentioned is reflected in his familiarity with the structure and messages of the Bible, at least a superficial acquaintance with parts of the Oral Law, and possibly some proficiency in Hebrew.
Abd al-Haqq al-Islāmī， 14世纪犹太血统的穆斯林辩论家，由于对他思想的独特性和原创性以及他的犹太教育程度的怀疑，在研究中有些模糊。本文是目前正在进行的一项更广泛的研究工作的一部分，试图通过证明Abd al-Haqq对穆斯林反犹太论战的全部作品做出了独特的贡献，在广泛使用犹太文献和根据自己的议程改编原始材料方面表现出独创性，并拥有大量的犹太知识，从而克服这些疑问。最后提到的反映在他对圣经的结构和信息的熟悉上，至少对口头律法的一部分有肤浅的了解，可能对希伯来语有一定的精通。
{"title":"Contribuciones adicionales de ‘Abd al-Ḥaqq al-Islāmī a la polémica judío-musulmana","authors":"Haggai Mazuz","doi":"10.3989/alqantara.2016.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3989/alqantara.2016.005","url":null,"abstract":"‘Abd al-Haqq al-Islāmī, a fourteenth-century Muslim polemicist of Jewish origin, has been somewhat obscured in research due to doubts about the uniqueness and originality of his thinking and the extent of his Jewish education. This article, part of a broader research effort presently under way, attempts to surmount these doubts by demonstrating that ‘Abd al-Haqq made a unique contribution to the oeuvre of Muslim anti-Jewish polemics, displayed originality in his extensive use of gematria and adaptation of source material to his agenda, and possessed no small amount of Jewish knowledge. The last-mentioned is reflected in his familiarity with the structure and messages of the Bible, at least a superficial acquaintance with parts of the Oral Law, and possibly some proficiency in Hebrew.","PeriodicalId":44299,"journal":{"name":"AL-QANTARA","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2016-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80296564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-06-30DOI: 10.3989/ALQANTARA.2016.006
Ana Isabel Calero-Castillo, Ana García-Bueno, Olimpia López-Cruz, Victor J. Medina-Flórez
This article presents the initial contributions of the plasterworks polychrome research carried out at Courtyard of the Maidens in the Alcazar of Seville. This spectacular courtyard is located within the King Pedro I Palace (1356 – 1366), which is considered one of the most representative buildings mudejar architecture. This palace has been one of the residences of the Spanish monarchs over the time, thus it is one of the oldest palaces still in use. Consequently many interventions took place in the building, especially on the polychrome decoration. As part of the field-work, samples were collected aiming to identify the different polychrome interventions and the materials used in each of them. Different techniques were used to analyse the samples (optical microscopy, electron microscopy SEM / EDX, chromatographic methods and X-ray diffraction). The results of the study confirmed that successive interventions occurred over the original work. Natural pigments, such as red lead, cinnabar, natural azurite and malachite, were found in the deeper strata (i.e. the most likely original work). Industrial pigments, such as ultramarine blue or emerald green, were identified in the upper layers (i.e. the latest interventions).
{"title":"Las yeserías del Patio de las Doncellas del Real Alcázar de Sevilla. Avance de resultados de la caracterización de materiales y la técnica","authors":"Ana Isabel Calero-Castillo, Ana García-Bueno, Olimpia López-Cruz, Victor J. Medina-Flórez","doi":"10.3989/ALQANTARA.2016.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3989/ALQANTARA.2016.006","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents the initial contributions of the plasterworks polychrome research carried out at Courtyard of the Maidens in the Alcazar of Seville. This spectacular courtyard is located within the King Pedro I Palace (1356 – 1366), which is considered one of the most representative buildings mudejar architecture. This palace has been one of the residences of the Spanish monarchs over the time, thus it is one of the oldest palaces still in use. Consequently many interventions took place in the building, especially on the polychrome decoration. As part of the field-work, samples were collected aiming to identify the different polychrome interventions and the materials used in each of them. Different techniques were used to analyse the samples (optical microscopy, electron microscopy SEM / EDX, chromatographic methods and X-ray diffraction). The results of the study confirmed that successive interventions occurred over the original work. Natural pigments, such as red lead, cinnabar, natural azurite and malachite, were found in the deeper strata (i.e. the most likely original work). Industrial pigments, such as ultramarine blue or emerald green, were identified in the upper layers (i.e. the latest interventions).","PeriodicalId":44299,"journal":{"name":"AL-QANTARA","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2016-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73525983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2016-06-30DOI: 10.3989/ALQANTARA.2016.003
Ignacio Ferrando
Al-Maqāmāt al-Luzūmiyya , a collection of 50 picaresque-like stories couched in rhymed prose by Abū l-Ṭāhir al-Saraqusṭī in al-Andalus in the VI/XIIth century, were considered by Western scholars, up until the eighties of XXth century, as highly rhetorical pieces with a negligible and irrelevant content. However, some contemporary scholars argued that they contain some degree of social and political criticism, as they constitute a fictional domain in which subversion and irony play a fundamental role. In this paper, we cast some light on the particular use of metrical patterns in Al-Maqāmāt al-Luzūmiyya, which should be considered another subversion field: a poetical rhythm that avoids the most usual Arabic metrical patterns, contributing to provide the maqāma a flavor of the countergenre.
{"title":"Innovación y ruptura en la métrica de la poesía en al-Maqāmāt al-Luzūmiyya de al-Saraqusṭī (s. VI/XII)","authors":"Ignacio Ferrando","doi":"10.3989/ALQANTARA.2016.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3989/ALQANTARA.2016.003","url":null,"abstract":"Al-Maqāmāt al-Luzūmiyya , a collection of 50 picaresque-like stories couched in rhymed prose by Abū l-Ṭāhir al-Saraqusṭī in al-Andalus in the VI/XIIth century, were considered by Western scholars, up until the eighties of XXth century, as highly rhetorical pieces with a negligible and irrelevant content. However, some contemporary scholars argued that they contain some degree of social and political criticism, as they constitute a fictional domain in which subversion and irony play a fundamental role. In this paper, we cast some light on the particular use of metrical patterns in Al-Maqāmāt al-Luzūmiyya, which should be considered another subversion field: a poetical rhythm that avoids the most usual Arabic metrical patterns, contributing to provide the maqāma a flavor of the countergenre.","PeriodicalId":44299,"journal":{"name":"AL-QANTARA","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2016-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78095816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-30DOI: 10.3989/ALQANTARA.2015.012
Paul Shore
The encounter between Jesuits and Muslims in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries had as a point of connection the shared engagement with the spoken and written word. But Jesuit efforts both to convert and to understand this “people of the Book” were hampered by the Jesuits’ lack of deep theological understanding of Muslim sacred texts, and by the fact that this faith was not at a sufficient distance from the European Catholic heartland to receive the “longer view” that Jesuits could apply to the religious traditions of India and the Far East. The overstretched commitments of the Jesuits, and the European Society’s emphasis on polemical strategies, which did not prove workable in predominantly Muslim cultures, significantly limited the successes of Jesuits seeking to convert Muslims. The modest gains Jesuits made in the Ottoman and Mughal Empires and in other Muslim societies nevertheless provided narratives of achievement, heroism, and sacrifice that added elements to Jesuit self-presentation and to the narrative of the Society’s progress. Jesuit contacts with Islam continued during and after the Suppression and are still an aspect of the Society’s program today.
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