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Analytical Model for Ballistic 2D Nanotransistors 弹道二维纳米晶体管的解析模型
IF 1.9 Q3 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2025-08-12 DOI: 10.1109/OJNANO.2025.3598219
Adelcio M. de Souza;Daniel R. Celino;Regiane Ragi;Murilo A. Romero
This paper describes device models for the current-voltage (I–V) and capacitance-voltage (C–V) characteristics of ballistic nanotransistors based on two-dimensional (2D) materials. The proposed methodology introduces a novel, fully analytical, and explicit approach grounded in fundamental physical principles. This approach enables seamless integration into circuit simulators and provides clear insight into device operation. In contrast to the drift-diffusion models commonly found in the literature, this approach accurately describes the ballistic transport regime observed in state-of-the-art 2D nanotransistors. The proposed model was validated against both experimental and ab initio numerical simulations from the literature for devices based on molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) and indium selenide (InSe). The results show excellent agreement with the reference datasets, confirming the model’s accuracy and its suitability for designing advanced nanoelectronic devices and circuits.
本文描述了基于二维(2D)材料的弹道纳米晶体管的电流-电压(I-V)和电容-电压(C-V)特性的器件模型。提出的方法介绍了一种新颖的,充分分析的,明确的方法,以基本的物理原理为基础。这种方法可以无缝集成到电路模拟器中,并提供对设备操作的清晰洞察。与文献中常见的漂移扩散模型相比,这种方法准确地描述了在最先进的二维纳米晶体管中观察到的弹道输运机制。基于二硫化钼(MoS2)和硒化铟(InSe)器件的实验和从头算数值模拟验证了所提出的模型。计算结果与参考数据吻合良好,证实了该模型的准确性及其在设计先进纳米电子器件和电路方面的适用性。
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引用次数: 0
Multilayer MoS2 Schottky Barrier Field Effect Transistor 多层MoS2肖特基势垒场效应晶体管
IF 1.8 Q3 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2025-03-20 DOI: 10.1109/OJNANO.2025.3553692
Sebastiano De Stefano;Alfredo Spuri;Raffaele Barbella;Ofelia Durante;Adolfo Mazzotti;Andrea Sessa;Angelo Di Bernardo;Antonio Di Bartolomeo
The miniaturization of electronic components remains a critical focus in electronics, particularly in transistor design, with research exploring new solutions such as the use of two-dimensional materials in Schottky Barrier Field Effect Transistors (SB-FETs). Following the trend, this study presents two-dimensional MoS2 SB-FETs, configured with back-gate and van der Pauw contacts, and analyses their electrical behaviour through output and transfer characteristics. The consequences that local inhomogeneities due to fabrication processes have on Schottky barriers height and electrical behaviour of the device are underlined. A hierarchy of the Schottky barrier heights at the contacts is established, and a band model is developed to elucidate the underlying conduction mechanisms. This model combines thermionic emission and tunnelling to explain the operation of the studied MoS2 devices and can be broadly applied to other SB-FETs.
电子元件的小型化仍然是电子学的一个关键焦点,特别是在晶体管设计方面,研究探索新的解决方案,例如在肖特基势垒场效应晶体管(sb - fet)中使用二维材料。根据这一趋势,本研究提出了具有后门和范德保触点的二维MoS2 sb - fet,并通过输出和转移特性分析了它们的电学行为。强调了由于制造工艺引起的局部不均匀性对肖特基屏障高度和器件电气行为的影响。建立了接触处肖特基势垒高度的层次结构,并建立了一个能带模型来阐明潜在的传导机制。该模型结合了热离子发射和隧道效应来解释所研究的MoS2器件的工作,可以广泛应用于其他sb - fet。
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引用次数: 0
VCMA Gradient-Driven Skyrmion on a Trapezoidal Nanotrack for Racetrack Memory Application 梯形纳米轨道上的VCMA梯度驱动Skyrmion用于赛道记忆
IF 1.8 Q3 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2025-03-19 DOI: 10.1109/OJNANO.2025.3550173
Bikash Sharma;Pema Rinzing Bhutia;Ravish Kumar Raj;Bibek Chettri;Brajesh Kumar Kaushik;Sonal Shreya
Magnetic skyrmion has great potential as information carriers in next-generation logic, neuromorphic computing, and memory devices because of its topological stability, incredibly compact size, and low current consumption required to operate it. In this work, the computational demonstration of a skyrmion controlled by a voltage controlled magnetic anisotropy (VCMA) gradient on a trapezoidal nanotrack is studied for the application of racetrack memory. The trapezoidal nanotrack aids in guiding the skyrmion's motion under the anisotropy gradient by leveraging the edge repulsion force. By utilizing a defect, the proposed device ensures a continuous flow of binary bits ‘0’ and ‘1’ without any accumulation on the racetrack. The higher angle (θhigh) and higher anisotropy gradient (ΔKu-high) of the trapezoidal nanotrack accelerates the skyrmion owing to higher edge repulsion force and energy gradient force. The maximum speed of 1.27 m/s was achieved by the skyrmion, and the minimum time taken for the skyrmion to reach the detector from the nucleation point was 2.16 ns. The energy used to maintain the electric field is 4.58fJ per bit operation. This presents a novel approach to manipulate skyrmions under anisotropy gradient (ΔKu) on the trapezoidal nanotrack, paving the way for the development of improved skyrmion racetrack memory (sk-RM).
磁性skyrmion由于其拓扑稳定性、令人难以置信的紧凑尺寸和操作所需的低电流消耗,在下一代逻辑、神经形态计算和存储设备中具有巨大的信息载体潜力。本文研究了压控磁各向异性梯度(VCMA)控制的梯形纳米轨道上的skyrmion在赛道存储器中的应用。在各向异性梯度下,梯形纳米轨道利用边缘斥力引导粒子运动。通过利用缺陷,所提出的装置确保了二进制位‘ 0 ’和‘ 1 ’的连续流动,而不会在赛道上产生任何累积。高棱角(θhigh)和高各向异性梯度(ΔKu-high)使梯形纳米轨道的边缘斥力和能量梯度力增大,从而加速了轨道的运动。该粒子的最大速度为1.27 m/s,从成核点到达探测器所需的最小时间为2.16 ns。用于维持电场的能量为4.58fJ / bit操作。提出了一种在各向异性梯度(ΔKu)下在梯形纳米轨道上操纵skyrmion的新方法,为改进skyrmion赛道存储器(sk-RM)的开发铺平了道路。
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引用次数: 0
Superparamagnetic Micelles for the Magnetic Hyperthermia Against Glioblastoma: A Multiphysics Approach for Personalized Treatment Planning 磁性热疗治疗胶质母细胞瘤的超顺磁胶束:个性化治疗计划的多物理场方法
IF 1.8 Q3 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2025-03-08 DOI: 10.1109/OJNANO.2025.3568291
Matteo Bruno Lodi;Eleonora Matilde Angela Corda;Wirat Assawapanumat;Gian Luca Chabert;Francesco Desogus;Luca Saba;Andrea Perra;Norased Nasongkla;Alessandro Fanti;Giuseppe Mazzarella
The treatment of diffuse, high-grade gliomas, the most aggressive form of primary brain tumors, poses significant therapeutic challenges. Recurrent high-grade gliomas are associated with a median overall survival of less than one year; therefore, new therapeutic strategies must be sought. In this work we propose the synthesis of novel superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO), following thermal decomposition in hexadecanediol, oleic acid and oleylamine, then assembled in micelles for brain tumor treatment. The resulting SPIO-micelles are preliminary characterized by an average diameter of 26 nm and a saturation magnetization of 56 emu/g, thus holding great potential for magnetic hyperthermia treatment (MHT). In this work a multiphysics nonlinear model for ad-hoc MHT planning based on patient-specific geometries has been developed. The model accounts for the convection-enhanced delivery (CED) computing the SPIO-micelles concentration patterns, coupling the mass transport to the RF problem, assuming a frequency- and spatial-dependent magnetic susceptibility. Given that the RF field is produced by a pair of Helmholtz coils, while considering the temperature-dependent variation of electromagnetic and thermal properties of normal and neoplastic brain tissue, the efficiency of the MHT was evaluated for different tumor geometries. The findings highlight that using realistic tumor geometries strongly affect treatment parameters (e.g., ∼32% and 1.2°C differences in the magnetic field and in the max. average tumor temperature). The radio-sensitization and equivalent dose distribution are studied, stressing the adjuvant potential of the novel SPIO-micelles formulation. The results also highlight that the proposed model could ensure precise hyperthermia treatment using RF MHT, confirming its potential for personalized cancer therapy. This research provides an important foundation for exploring the therapeutic possibilities of this novel approach, facilitating the development of tailored treatments for patients.
弥漫性高级别胶质瘤是原发性脑肿瘤中最具侵袭性的一种形式,其治疗面临着重大的挑战。复发的高级别胶质瘤与中位总生存期少于1年相关;因此,必须寻求新的治疗策略。在这项工作中,我们提出了一种新型的超顺磁性氧化铁(SPIO),经过十六烷二醇、油酸和油胺的热分解,然后组装成胶束用于脑肿瘤治疗。所得spio胶束的平均直径为26 nm,饱和磁化强度为56 emu/g,因此在磁热疗(MHT)方面具有很大的潜力。在这项工作中,开发了一个基于患者特定几何形状的多物理场非线性模型,用于临时MHT规划。该模型考虑了对流增强传递(CED)计算spio -胶束浓度模式,将质量输运耦合到射频问题,假设磁化率与频率和空间相关。考虑到射频场由一对亥姆霍兹线圈产生,同时考虑正常脑组织和肿瘤脑组织的电磁和热特性的温度依赖性变化,对不同肿瘤几何形状的MHT效率进行了评估。研究结果强调,使用真实的肿瘤几何形状强烈影响治疗参数(例如,磁场和最大温度的约32%和1.2°C差异)。平均肿瘤温度)。研究了放射性致敏性和等效剂量分布,强调了新型spio胶束制剂的辅助潜力。结果还强调,所提出的模型可以确保使用RF MHT进行精确的热疗治疗,证实了其个性化癌症治疗的潜力。这项研究为探索这种新方法的治疗可能性提供了重要的基础,促进了为患者量身定制治疗方案的发展。
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引用次数: 0
Integration of Micro/Nano Pressure Sensor for Diabetes Patients Applications 集成微/纳米压力传感器在糖尿病患者中的应用
IF 1.8 Q3 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2025-03-08 DOI: 10.1109/OJNANO.2025.3568172
Srinivasa Rao Karumuri;G Sai Lakshmi;Girija Sravani Kondavitee
Diabetes is a metabolic disorder that inhibits the body’s capacity to produce an adequate amount of blood glucose. Indications of diabetes include heightened appetite, frequent urination, and increased thirst. The objective of this research was to employ an electro-osmotic pressure sensor to monitor changes in glucose concentration levels. The main aim was on developing micro bridges that could be integrated into the electro-osmotic pressure sensor. Utilizing a Finite Element Method (FEM) tool, the study examined the mechanical properties and response of three micro bridges, considering factors such as non-linearity and sensitivity conditions. Better suitable is integrated into osmotic pressure sensor by obtaining the response time is 18mins.
糖尿病是一种代谢紊乱,它会抑制身体产生足够量血糖的能力。糖尿病的症状包括食欲增强、尿频和口渴。本研究的目的是采用电渗透压传感器来监测葡萄糖浓度水平的变化。主要目标是开发可以集成到电渗透压传感器中的微桥。利用有限元工具,考虑非线性和灵敏度条件等因素,研究了三座微桥的力学性能和响应。更适合集成到渗透压传感器中,获得响应时间为18min。
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引用次数: 0
Nanomagnetic Gears With Electrically Controlled Transmission Ratio 电控传动比纳米磁齿轮
IF 1.8 Q3 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2025-03-05 DOI: 10.1109/OJNANO.2025.3567022
Maddalena Fiorentino;Davi Rodrigues;Riccardo Tomasello;Mario Carpentieri;Giovanni Finocchio;Francesca Garesci
Magnetic gears offer a reliable and vibration-free alternative to traditional mechanical gears. At the micro- and nanoscale, electrical manipulation of magnetic domains can further enhance the performance and versatility of these gears. In this work, we introduce the concept of electrically tunable magnetic nanogears and propose a nanomagnetic gear design that operates at the mesoscopic scale and exploits the electrical manipulation of magnetic textures and stray field coupling to achieve precise, contactless and tunable torque transmission. This device concept is scalable and offers a continuously adjustable electrical transmission ratio between two gears by exploiting the spin-orbit torque observed in nanomagnetic devices. We have analyzed the coupling of magnetic domains in two parallel circular nanotracks, each serving as a rotor in the gear system, using experimentally realistic material parameters. By exploiting the current-driven motion of the magnetic domains, we derive an ideal transmission ratio given by ω2/ω1 = 1 + ωd/ω1 where ω2 and ω1 are the mechanical angular velocities of the driven (output) and driving (input) rotors, respectively, and ωd(J) is the current-driven angular velocity of the magnetic domains valid when the two rotors are fully coupled via stray fields. Numerical calculations show that this nanogear can work up to current densities J of 4.1012 A/m2 and distances of 30 nm. This work paves the way for the development of a new generation of highly tunable nanomagnetic gears with potential applications in nano-actuators, micromachines and other nanoscale devices.
磁齿轮提供了一个可靠的和无振动的替代传统的机械齿轮。在微观和纳米尺度上,磁畴的电操纵可以进一步提高这些齿轮的性能和多功能性。在这项工作中,我们引入了电可调谐磁性纳米齿轮的概念,并提出了一种在介观尺度上工作的纳米磁性纳米齿轮设计,利用磁织构和杂散场耦合的电操纵来实现精确、非接触和可调谐的扭矩传输。这种装置概念是可扩展的,并通过利用纳米磁性装置中观察到的自旋轨道扭矩,在两个齿轮之间提供连续可调的电传动比。我们利用实验中真实的材料参数,分析了作为齿轮系统转子的两个平行圆形纳米轨道的磁畴耦合。通过利用磁畴的电流驱动运动,我们推导出一个理想的传动比:ω2/ω1 = 1 + ωd/ω1,其中ω2和ω1分别是驱动(输出)和驱动(输入)转子的机械角速度,ωd(J)是两个转子通过杂散场完全耦合时有效的电流驱动磁畴角速度。数值计算表明,这种纳米齿轮可以在电流密度J为4.1012 A/m2和距离为30 nm的情况下工作。这项工作为开发新一代高度可调的纳米磁齿轮铺平了道路,这些齿轮在纳米致动器、微机械和其他纳米级器件中具有潜在的应用前景。
{"title":"Nanomagnetic Gears With Electrically Controlled Transmission Ratio","authors":"Maddalena Fiorentino;Davi Rodrigues;Riccardo Tomasello;Mario Carpentieri;Giovanni Finocchio;Francesca Garesci","doi":"10.1109/OJNANO.2025.3567022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJNANO.2025.3567022","url":null,"abstract":"Magnetic gears offer a reliable and vibration-free alternative to traditional mechanical gears. At the micro- and nanoscale, electrical manipulation of magnetic domains can further enhance the performance and versatility of these gears. In this work, we introduce the concept of electrically tunable magnetic nanogears and propose a nanomagnetic gear design that operates at the mesoscopic scale and exploits the electrical manipulation of magnetic textures and stray field coupling to achieve precise, contactless and tunable torque transmission. This device concept is scalable and offers a continuously adjustable electrical transmission ratio between two gears by exploiting the spin-orbit torque observed in nanomagnetic devices. We have analyzed the coupling of magnetic domains in two parallel circular nanotracks, each serving as a rotor in the gear system, using experimentally realistic material parameters. By exploiting the current-driven motion of the magnetic domains, we derive an ideal transmission ratio given by <italic>ω<sub>2</sub></i>/<italic>ω<sub>1</sub></i> = 1 + <italic>ω<sub>d</sub></i>/<italic>ω<sub>1</sub></i> where <italic>ω<sub>2</sub></i> and <italic>ω<sub>1</sub></i> are the mechanical angular velocities of the driven (output) and driving (input) rotors, respectively, and <italic>ω<sub>d</sub></i>(<italic>J</i>) is the current-driven angular velocity of the magnetic domains valid when the two rotors are fully coupled via stray fields. Numerical calculations show that this nanogear can work up to current densities <italic>J</i> of 4.10<sup>12</sup> A/m<sup>2</sup> and distances of 30 nm. This work paves the way for the development of a new generation of highly tunable nanomagnetic gears with potential applications in nano-actuators, micromachines and other nanoscale devices.","PeriodicalId":446,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of Nanotechnology","volume":"6 ","pages":"58-65"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10985797","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144117289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Design of a VDBA-Based Memristor Emulator and Its Application for Bio-Sensing Through Instrument Amplifier 基于vdba的忆阻器仿真器的设计及其在仪器放大器生物传感中的应用
IF 1.8 Q3 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2025-02-20 DOI: 10.1109/OJNANO.2025.3544166
Pulak Mondal;Subhasish Banerjee;Mourina Ghosh;Ankur Singh;Santosh Kumar
This study describes a VDBA (Voltage Differencing Buffered Amplifier)-based memristor emulator and its use in an instrumentation amplifier for biomedical applications. The proposed grounded and floating memristor has been implemented using a single VDBA and grounded MOS-Capacitor. The VDBA used in this article has also been designed and uses eighteen transistors only. The proposed memristor emulator can be operated in both decremental and incremental modes. The suggested emulator's robustness has been verified using a variety of evaluations, including non-ideal inspection, variations of process corner, temperature swings, and non-volatility performance. Using 45 nm CMOS process parameters in the Cadence environment, the layout has been accomplished, and simulations and observations of the theoretical fingerprint characteristics have been made. The incremental and decremental mode of operation for grounded/floating memristor can be easily obtained by modifying the circuit slightly. The shape of the pinched-hysteresis loop is maintained up to 5 MHz. The functionality of the proposed memristor has also been tested by integrating it with the Instrumentation amplifier to amplify weak bio-medical signals.
本文介绍了一种基于VDBA(电压差分缓冲放大器)的忆阻器仿真器及其在生物医学仪器放大器中的应用。所提出的接地和浮动忆阻器已使用单个VDBA和接地mos电容器实现。本文中使用的VDBA也经过了设计,仅使用了18个晶体管。所提出的忆阻器仿真器可以在递减和递增两种模式下工作。所建议的仿真器的鲁棒性已经通过各种评估得到验证,包括非理想检查、过程转角变化、温度波动和非挥发性性能。在Cadence环境下,利用45 nm CMOS工艺参数完成了布局,并对理论指纹特性进行了仿真和观察。通过稍微修改电路,可以很容易地获得接地/浮动忆阻器的增量和递减操作模式。箝位迟滞回路的形状保持在5mhz。通过将所提出的忆阻器与仪器放大器集成以放大微弱的生物医学信号,也对其功能进行了测试。
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引用次数: 0
2024 Index IEEE Open Journal of Nanotechnology Vol. 5 2024年IEEE纳米技术开放杂志第5卷
IF 1.8 Q3 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2025-01-24 DOI: 10.1109/OJNANO.2025.3534518
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引用次数: 0
Memristive Ferroelectric FET for 1T-1R Nonvolatile Memory With Non-Destructive Readout 用于非破坏性读出的1T-1R非易失性存储器的记忆性铁电场效应晶体管
IF 1.8 Q3 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2025-01-17 DOI: 10.1109/OJNANO.2025.3531759
Roopesh Singh;Shivam Verma
Energy-efficient non-volatile memory that supports non-destructive read capabilities is in high demand for random-access memory applications. This article presents the proposal and demonstration of a 1T-1R non-volatile memory cell, which has distinct read and write paths that utilize a memristive variant of the ferroelectric field effect transistor (MFeFET) for data storage. Through a combination of experimentally calibrated models and TCAD-based mixed-mode simulations, the proposed MFeFET-based memory cell is demonstrated to achieve a non-destructive read operation and higher read current at low operating voltages. Furthermore, the memory cell demonstrates a 50% reduction in read latency compared to spin transfer torque (STT) magneto-resistive random-access memory (MRAM) technologies, positioning it as a highly efficient solution for next-generation non-volatile memory applications.
支持非破坏性读取能力的高能效非易失性存储器在随机存取存储器应用中需求量很大。本文提出了一种1T-1R非易失性存储单元的建议和演示,该存储单元具有不同的读写路径,利用铁电场效应晶体管(MFeFET)的记忆变体进行数据存储。通过实验校准模型和基于tcad的混合模式仿真相结合,所提出的基于mfefet的存储单元在低工作电压下实现了非破坏性读取操作和更高的读取电流。此外,与自旋传递扭矩(STT)磁阻随机存取存储器(MRAM)技术相比,该存储单元的读取延迟减少了50%,将其定位为下一代非易失性存储器应用的高效解决方案。
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引用次数: 0
IEEE Open Journal of Nanotechnology Information for Authors IEEE纳米技术信息开放杂志作者
IF 1.8 Q3 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2025-01-06 DOI: 10.1109/OJNANO.2025.3525915
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引用次数: 0
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