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Überlegungen zu Komplexen aus hin/her + Präposition und Verben im Deutschen 表达对复杂的德语动词和互变的想法
IF 0.6 3区 文学 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-08-12 DOI: 10.19195/0137-1169.41.12
Duanzhuang Zheng
In this paper, the study of the syntactic-functional behaviour and the categorial identification of the hin/her-prep. in close connections with verbs in German (e.g. hineingehen, hinaufarbeiten, hinzufügen, herausfinden, herausfordern, hereinfallen, etc.) has been addressed. In the literature, different syntactic functions have been attributed to hin/her-prep., depending on their positions in the sentence, the type of verb involved, as well as their relationship with other sentence elements (especially with the noun). Moreover, two more tests were applied to the selected complexes to find out whether hin/her-prep. occur in pre-field and whether the complexes are interruptible in the contact position by other elements. My proposed solution for the categorial identification of hin/her-prep. is based on Zeller’s (2001) thesis. Based on the generative definition of verb-particles, in this paper hin/her-prep. were evaluated using three tests (interchangeability between hin and her, (re)constructability of prepositional phrase and exchangeability of the preposition of prepositional phrase) to filter out from the “hodgepodge” of hin/her-prep. those genuine verb-particles. The corpus analysis shows that the subclasses of hin/her-prep. can be evaluated either as pro-adverbs or as (semi-)verb particles, depending on the complex or the reading.
本文对男/女语的句法功能行为和范畴识别进行了研究。与德语动词(如hineinghen, hinaufarbeiten, hinzuf gen, herausfinden, herausfordern, hereinfallen等)的密切联系已经讨论过了。在文献中,他/她的准备被认为具有不同的句法功能。这取决于它们在句子中的位置、所涉及的动词类型,以及它们与其他句子元素(尤其是与名词)的关系。此外,还对所选配合物进行了两次测试,以确定他/她是否准备。是否发生在前场,是否在接触位置被其他元件中断。我对他/她准备的分类识别提出的解决方案。是基于泽勒(2001)的论文。本文在生成式动词小品定义的基础上,对动词小品进行了生成式定义。使用“他和她之间的互换性”、“介词短语的(重新)可构性”和“介词短语的介词的互换性”三个测试进行评估,以从“他/她-准备”的“大杂烩”中筛选出来。那些真正的动词助词。语料库分析表明,男/女-prep的子类。根据复合词或阅读材料的不同,可以用作前副词或半动词助词。
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引用次数: 0
Schlesische Sprachinseln: historisches Phänomen aus der Perspektive der Gegenwart 苏萨群岛:从今天的视角来看的历史现象
IF 0.6 3区 文学 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-08-12 DOI: 10.19195/0137-1169.41.10
M. Lasatowicz, Artur Tworek
The aim of the article is to examine how the originally historical phenomena of language islands can be studied from a contemporary perspective. The previous language island definitions are reformulated in relation to modern circumstances (globalisation processes, mobility, media development). In the case of the former German language islands in Schönwald (Upper Silesia) and Wilamowitz (Eastern Silesia) current recordings of the language material are available, while the Rusyn language islands in Lower Silesia are an example of a modern form of island languages. The most important conclusion of the performed analysis with regard to the methodology of modern language island research is the need to include observations of the linguistic landscape in contemporary research of language island phenomena.
本文的目的是探讨如何从当代的视角来研究语言岛的原始历史现象。根据现代环境(全球化进程、流动性、媒体发展),重新制定了以前的语言岛定义。在Schönwald(上西里西亚)和Wilamowitz(东西里西亚)的前德语岛屿的情况下,目前的语言材料记录是可用的,而下西里西亚的Rusyn语言岛屿是岛屿语言现代形式的一个例子。对现代语言岛研究方法的分析得出的最重要的结论是,在当代语言岛现象的研究中,需要包括对语言景观的观察。
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引用次数: 0
W przestrzeni niemieckich nazw własnych
IF 0.6 3区 文学 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-08-12 DOI: 10.19195/0137-1169.41.14
Mateusz Kminikowski
Damaris Nübling to jedna z najbardziej rozpoznawalnych badaczek niemieckiej onomastyki. Przedstawiona w artykule praca doczekała się drugiego wznowienia wydawniczego, co już samo w sobie świadczy o jej wartości w przestrzeni naukowo-dydaktycznej. Książka ta – pierwszy raz wydana w 2012 roku – to opracowanie wpisujące się w krąg niemieckich publikacji z zakresu propedeutyki onomastyki. Rozważania autorki dotyczą sfery proprialnej języka niemieckiego, obejmując kluczowe kwestie związane z niemal wszystkimi kategoriami i klasami onimów – począwszy od antroponimów, przez toponimy, a skończywszy na chrematonimii. Lektura opracowania pozwala zauważyć, że kolejność, w jakiej autorka omawia poszczególne zagadnienia, nie wynika z ważności i reprezentatywności poszczególnych klas materiału onimicznego. Praca Damaris Nübling to swoiste kompendium wiedzy z zakresu onomastyki, która – podobnie jak w polskim językoznawstwie – niemal z każdym rokiem staje się istotniejszym obszarem dociekań uwzględniających kulturowe, społeczne i gospodarczo-polityczne konteksty funkcjonowania nazw własnych. W recenzji zwrócono więc uwagę na te kwestie, które wyróżniają pracę Nübling spośród innych podstawowych niemieckich opracowań onomastycznych, a także eksponują wagę problemów, które warto byłoby także podejmować (lub wyraziściej eksponować) w polskich opracowaniach onomastycznych. Książkę inicjują dywagacje autorki na temat funkcji nazw. Wskazuje ona na zależności nazw własnych, a przede wszystkim ich struktury, formy, regularności gramatyczne, a nawet procesy ich powstawania i zmiany w czasie i funkcji nazw. W swych rozważaniach posuwa się nawet dalej i twierdzi, że bez świadomości funkcjonalności nazw własnych nie jest możliwe obszerne zrozumie-
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引用次数: 0
Die Schwelle überschreiten: die Rolle der verbfreien Nachfeldbesetzungen in Bundestagsreden 这个门槛逾越了:在联邦议会演讲中随地补菜的作用
IF 0.6 3区 文学 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-08-11 DOI: 10.19195/0137-1169.41.4
Francesco Caprioli
The essay outlines the properties of the so-called Nachfeld, the post-final syntactic field often referred to as a typical construction of spoken language, focusing on its peculiar forms in deputy speeches from the Parliament of Germany. After a brief introduction on the German sentence and on the typical features of how language is used in political discourse, the characteristics of the deputy speech as a sub-text type of political speeches are highlighted so as to present the reference corpus on which the essay is based. More precisely, the corpus is composed of 40 deputy speeches delivered between March and October 2020, a half of which address the theme of the coronavirus pandemic. The aim of the analysis is to show the constant presence of the Nachfeld in all speeches and that it should not be considered a mere form defect or a colloquial choice, as it is in fact a real means of persuasion. This fact will also be underlined thanks to the consideration of how the Nachfeld is treated in the written version of the speeches developed by the Parliament shorthand typists. Eventually, a system to categorise the functions and the linguistic appearances of the Nachfeld is proposed in order to demonstrate the existence of a real “syntax of politics.”
本文概述了所谓的Nachfeld的特征,即通常被称为口语的典型结构的后句法场,重点关注其在德国议会议员演讲中的独特形式。在简要介绍德语句子和政治话语中语言运用的典型特征后,着重分析了副演讲作为政治演讲的副文本类型的特点,以呈现本文所依据的参考语料库。更准确地说,语料库由2020年3月至10月期间发表的40次副演讲组成,其中一半涉及冠状病毒大流行的主题。分析的目的是显示Nachfeld在所有演讲中的持续存在,它不应该被认为是一种形式缺陷或口语化的选择,因为它实际上是一种真正的说服手段。由于考虑到议会速记打字员在书面发言稿中如何对待纳克菲尔德,这一事实也将得到强调。最后,作者提出了一个对Nachfeld的功能和语言表象进行分类的系统,以证明真正的“政治句法”的存在。
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引用次数: 0
Rodzaje definicji stosowane w językoznawczych tekstach naukowych. Perspektywa retoryczna
IF 0.6 3区 文学 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-08-11 DOI: 10.19195/0137-1169.41.2
Iwona Bartoszewicz
The aim of the present article is to reveal the possibilities of a rhetoric interpretation of stylistic and formal properties of linguistic academic texts based on the example of definitions used in these texts. In this order the author characterises such components of professional scholarly communication as functional style and relevant professional language. Next, basic information concerning the typology of definitions is given and an attempt is made to determine the kinds of definitions used in linguistic academic texts. The author exposes the problem of these texts being persuasive.
本文的目的是通过语言学术文本中定义的例子来揭示语言学术文本文体和形式属性的修辞学解释的可能性。按照这个顺序,作者将专业学术交流的组成部分分为功能风格和相关的专业语言。其次,给出了关于定义类型学的基本信息,并试图确定语言学学术文本中使用的定义类型。作者揭露了这些文本具有说服力的问题。
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引用次数: 0
Erste Beobachtungen zur Genitivattribuierung in Magisterarbeiten polnischer Germanistikstudierender 关于波兰日耳曼文学博士的才华特征的早期观察结果
IF 0.6 3区 文学 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-08-11 DOI: 10.19195/0137-1169.41.7
Adam Gołębiowski
The intention of this paper is to present first observations and findings from a study on attributes in academic texts written by students. The present paper analyses the use of genitive attributes in master’s theses written by students of German philology, who are Polish native speakers. The purpose of this study is to identify tendencies in the use of the genitive attribute and its prepositional counterpart in students’ works as well as to indicate some of the potential problems the Polish authors writing in German can have with using these constructions. The analysed collection of data encompasses 250 examples of noun phrases with at least one genitive attribute and 48 examples of phrases with the preposition von gathered from five students’ texts. Because of the limited number of examined texts the results of the analysis should be interpreted with caution and it would be advisable to extend the analysis to more texts in the future. The paper begins by describing the primary syntactic properties of academic texts. Section 3 focuses on the genitive attribute and its counterparts and discusses potential problems these constructions can present to Polish native speakers. The next section presents the results of qualitative analysis of the data. The concluding section 5 sums up the presented study and offers some recommendations for further research.
本文的目的是提出的第一次观察和发现,从一项研究的属性在学术文本写的学生。本文分析了波兰语为母语的德国语文学硕士论文中属格定语的使用情况。本研究的目的是识别学生作品中属格定语及其对应介词的使用趋势,并指出波兰作家用德语写作时使用这些结构可能存在的一些潜在问题。分析的数据集包括250个至少有一个属格属性的名词短语的例子和48个带有介词von的短语的例子,这些例子来自5名学生的课文。由于审查的文本数量有限,分析的结果应谨慎解释,今后最好将分析扩展到更多的文本。本文首先描述了学术语篇的基本句法特征。第3节重点讨论了属格定语及其对应的结构,并讨论了这些结构可能给波兰语母语人士带来的潜在问题。下一节介绍对数据进行定性分析的结果。结语部分对本文的研究进行了总结,并提出了进一步研究的建议。
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引用次数: 0
Diferentes caras del ‘sacrum’ en el discurso literario rioplatense 里奥普拉斯文学话语中“sacrum”的不同面貌
IF 0.6 3区 文学 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-08-11 DOI: 10.19195/0137-1169.41.6
Maksymilian Drozdowicz
This paper is an overview of many researchers’ opinions on the presence of a religious element in La Plata’s literature. The perspective of the article is definitely diachronic, critical and analytical. According to the conclusions of the literature researchers, there is a strict relationship between theological thinking and the current social and cultural issues and the ideological layer of particular literary works. A novelty in our study is that what is seemingly absent from the religious subject area can function as a visible sign of theological thinking in La Plata’s work. Even anticlerical attitudes may be indicating a religious background of their authors. Almost no literary work of La Plata may be considered as devoid of theological motifs or inspiration.
本文概述了许多学者对拉普拉塔文学中宗教元素存在的看法。文章的视角绝对是历时性的、批判性的和分析性的。根据文学研究者的结论,神学思维与当前的社会文化问题和特定文学作品的意识形态层之间存在着严格的关系。我们研究中的一个新奇之处是,在宗教主题领域中看似缺失的东西,在拉普拉塔的作品中却可以作为神学思想的明显标志。甚至反教权的态度也可能表明其作者的宗教背景。几乎没有拉普拉塔的文学作品可以被认为是缺乏神学主题或灵感。
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引用次数: 0
Rola uwagi w nauczaniu języka obcego – wybrane aspekty
IF 0.6 3区 文学 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-08-11 DOI: 10.19195/0137-1169.41.3
M. Białek
The article aims to analyse selected attention processes concerning learning a foreign language, emphasising the possibility of formulating a pedagogical instruction resulting from the knowledge about attention. Recognising the student’s information processing mechanism as the teacher’s workplace, one must also recognise that the teacher’s knowledge of the processes taking place in it becomes an indisputable necessity. This article presents the concept of the attention filter in connection with the levels of information processing. Also, it refers to the concept of Kahneman’s attention resources management, each time trying to connect theoretical considerations with the possibility of their application in the school environment. The subject of the considerations was also involuntary and voluntary attention in language education processes, the hypothesis of conscious perception, individual differences and the relationship between attention and motivation. Theoretical considerations have become the starting point for application conclusions.
本文旨在分析外语学习过程中所选择的注意过程,强调从注意知识中制定教学指导的可能性。认识到学生的信息处理机制是教师的工作场所,人们还必须认识到,教师对其中发生的过程的知识成为无可争辩的必要性。本文提出了与信息处理层次相关的注意过滤器的概念。此外,它还涉及到卡尼曼注意资源管理的概念,每次都试图将理论考虑与其在学校环境中应用的可能性联系起来。考虑的主题还包括语言教育过程中的非自愿和自愿注意、有意识知觉的假设、个体差异以及注意与动机之间的关系。理论考虑已成为应用结论的出发点。
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引用次数: 0
Erinnerungen an Professor Ludwik Zabrocki
IF 0.6 3区 文学 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-08-11 DOI: 10.19195/0137-1169.41.1
Norbert Morciniec
Meine Kontakte zu Professor Ludwik Zabrocki (1907–1977), einem weltbekannten polnischen Linguisten, begannen vor mehr als einem halben Jahrhundert und reichten bis zum Ende der 1950er Jahre zurück. Damals, als ich Assistent von Professor Jan Piprek (1887–1970), einem bedeutenden Germanisten und Lexikographen an der Germanistik in Breslau war, erfuhr ich, dass Professor Zabrocki monatliche wissenschaftliche Treffen für seine Mitarbeiter in Poznań organisierte, zu denen er auch Mitarbeiter aus anderen Universitäten einlud. Damals war die Sprachwissenschaft an der Breslauer Germanistik, vertreten durch die Professoren Jan Piprek und Ryszard Ligacz (1903–1982), reine Junggrammatik, die sich vor allem auf die Interpretation gotischer und althochdeutscher Texte beschränkte. Zu diesem Zeitpunkt hatte ich bereits eine zweijährige Assistenzzeit bei Professor Leon Zawadowski (1914–2018) am Lehrstuhl für Allgemeine Sprachwissenschaft absolviert, wodurch ich einen gewissen Hintergrund in struktureller Linguistik erworben hatte. So wurde mir klar, dass ich in der damaligen Breslauer Germanistik wenig für meine eigene wissenschaftliche Entwicklung erwarten konnte. Umso eifriger nahm ich die Einladung von Professor Zabrocki an, an seinen wissenschaftlichen Sitzungen teilzunehmen, die ich in einem Telefongespräch zusammen mit der Aufforderung erhielt, einen Vortrag zu dem von mir behandelten Thema zu halten. Damals arbeitete ich an den Prinzipien der phonologischen Identifikation der Prager Schule, und aus diesem Bereich schlug ich ein Thema vor. Nach den wissenschaftlichen Sitzungen, in denen entweder der Professor selbst seine Forschungsergebnisse oder ein Kollege seine Arbeit vorstellte, gab es die Möglichkeit zu individuellen Gesprächen. Bei einer von ihnen habe ich dem Professor anvertraut, dass ich über Nominalverbindungen westgermanischer Sprachen arbeite und daraus eine Doktorarbeit machen möchte. Ich habe die wichtigsten Thesen vorgestellt und um Ratschläge gebeten. Die Reaktion war typisch https://doi.org/10.19195/0137-1169.41.1
我和著名的波兰语言学家路德维克·扎布洛基教授(1907—1977)的接触开始于半个多世纪以前,并且持续到20世纪50年代末。当我的助理教授杨Piprek(1887-1970),一家主要Germanisten和布雷斯劳,在日耳曼词典是我发现教授Zabrocki每月科学会议的工作人员在Poznań有组织的人,他也从其他大学邀请员工.当时,教授有约翰·皮普里克和莱德沙·利加齐(1930 - 1982)所代表的布鲁斯罗日耳曼语系就是早期语法,主要讲解哥德和古德语文本。到那时为止,我已经在1914年的莱昂·扎瓦德斯基教授的教学位子上做了两年的实习生,因此我学到了结构性的语言学的一些背景。于是我意识到,在当时的日耳曼语系研究中,我本人的科学发展微不足道。因此我更认真地接受了扎布洛基教授的邀请,参加他的科学会议。那时候我在研究布拉格高中的语音鉴定原理我就在这一方面提出了一个课题其中一次的学术会议不是教授本人展示他的研究成果,就是同事介绍他的工作成果,然后可以单独聊聊。其中一名教授曾告诉我我正研究西方日耳曼语言的总合并希望拿这些拿到博士学位我要你读一下最重要的纲要,并提出建议被接受的反应都是一贯的鸣斯琼·多德和多德经谈时的经谈
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引用次数: 0
Generisches Maskulinum vs. „geschlechtergerechte“ Sprache
IF 0.6 3区 文学 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-08-11 DOI: 10.19195/0137-1169.41.5
P. Chmiel
This article deals with the current public discussion in Germany about so-called gendering. It is a kind of “culture war” between a small but very vocal social group fighting tooth and nail for “gender equality” in everyday language practice and the advocates of language purity and the opponents of language distortion on the other side. The author begins with a brief account of earlier attempts to manipulate language for ideological and political purposes before moving on to the various forms of distortion of contemporary German in terms of a completely false interpretation of women’s emancipation. Language is an invaluable cultural asset that must be protected just like cultural and natural monuments (monument and nature conservation).
这篇文章讨论了当前德国关于所谓性别的公共讨论。这是一场“文化战争”,一方是在日常语言实践中为争取“性别平等”而竭尽全力的一小群人,另一方是主张语言纯洁性的人和反对语言扭曲的人。作者首先简要叙述了为了意识形态和政治目的而操纵语言的早期尝试,然后转向对当代德语的各种形式的扭曲,即对妇女解放的完全错误的解释。语言是一种无价的文化资产,必须像保护文化和自然古迹一样加以保护(纪念碑和自然保护)。
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引用次数: 0
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STUDIA LINGUISTICA
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