Pub Date : 2025-09-05DOI: 10.1109/TRPMS.2025.3599624
{"title":"IEEE Transactions on Radiation and Plasma Medical Sciences Information for Authors","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/TRPMS.2025.3599624","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TRPMS.2025.3599624","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46807,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Radiation and Plasma Medical Sciences","volume":"9 7","pages":"C3-C3"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11152386","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144998166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-25DOI: 10.1109/TRPMS.2025.3602262
George Webber;Alexander Hammers;Andrew P. King;Andrew J. Reader
Recent work has shown improved lesion detectability and flexibility to reconstruction hyperparameters (e.g., scanner geometry or dose level) when positron emission tomography (PET) images are reconstructed by leveraging pretrained diffusion models. Such methods train a diffusion model (without sinogram data) on high-quality, but still noisy, PET images. In this work, we propose a simple method for generating subject-specific PET images from a dataset of multisubject PET-magnetic resonance imaging (MR) scans, synthesizing “pseudo-PET” images by transforming between different patients’ anatomy using image registration. The images we synthesize retain information from the subject’s MR scan, leading to higher resolution and the retention of anatomical features compared to the original set of PET images. With simulated and real [18F]FDG datasets, we show that pretraining a personalized diffusion model with subject-specific “pseudo-PET” images improves reconstruction accuracy with low-count data. In particular, the method shows promise in combining information from a guidance MR scan without overly imposing anatomical features, demonstrating an improved tradeoff between reconstructing PET-unique image features versus features present in both PET and MR. We believe this approach for generating and utilizing synthetic data has further applications to medical imaging tasks, particularly because patient-specific PET images can be generated without resorting to generative deep learning or large training datasets.
{"title":"Personalized MR-Informed Diffusion Models for 3-D PET Image Reconstruction","authors":"George Webber;Alexander Hammers;Andrew P. King;Andrew J. Reader","doi":"10.1109/TRPMS.2025.3602262","DOIUrl":"10.1109/TRPMS.2025.3602262","url":null,"abstract":"Recent work has shown improved lesion detectability and flexibility to reconstruction hyperparameters (e.g., scanner geometry or dose level) when positron emission tomography (PET) images are reconstructed by leveraging pretrained diffusion models. Such methods train a diffusion model (without sinogram data) on high-quality, but still noisy, PET images. In this work, we propose a simple method for generating subject-specific PET images from a dataset of multisubject PET-magnetic resonance imaging (MR) scans, synthesizing “pseudo-PET” images by transforming between different patients’ anatomy using image registration. The images we synthesize retain information from the subject’s MR scan, leading to higher resolution and the retention of anatomical features compared to the original set of PET images. With simulated and real [18F]FDG datasets, we show that pretraining a personalized diffusion model with subject-specific “pseudo-PET” images improves reconstruction accuracy with low-count data. In particular, the method shows promise in combining information from a guidance MR scan without overly imposing anatomical features, demonstrating an improved tradeoff between reconstructing PET-unique image features versus features present in both PET and MR. We believe this approach for generating and utilizing synthetic data has further applications to medical imaging tasks, particularly because patient-specific PET images can be generated without resorting to generative deep learning or large training datasets.","PeriodicalId":46807,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Radiation and Plasma Medical Sciences","volume":"10 3","pages":"333-343"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145543068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study aimed to develop a noninvasive tool to predict axillary lymph node metastasis (ALNM) using a multimodality radiomics based on mammography (MMG) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and its combination with the conventional clinical model. Datasets from 203 clinically node-negative breast cancer patients were collected and randomly allocated into train/validation (n $ = 160$ ), and test (n $ = 43$ ) datasets. Radiomic features derived from both MMG and MRI were computed. Subsequently, the important features were selected by intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), univariate analysis, and recursive feature elimination (RFE). Multivariate logistic regression was employed to construct seven models, which were clinical, MMG, MRI, MMG+MRI, MMG+Clinical, MRI+Clinical, and MMG+MRI+Clinical models. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was used to evaluate the model performance. The MMG+MRI model and its combination with the clinical model achieved significantly superior performance in ALNM prediction compared to the clinical and single-modality models alone, yielding AUC values of $0.875~pm ~0.052$ and $0.874~pm ~0.050$ in the validation, and 0.779 and 0.764 in test dataset, respectively. The MMG+MRI and MMG+MRI+Clinical models demonstrated high performance in ALNM prediction, and hold promise to be an effective noninvasive tool to predict ALNM in clinically node-negative breast cancer patients.
{"title":"Multimodal Radiomics Based on Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Mammography for Axillary Lymph Node Metastasis Prediction in Clinically Node-Negative Breast Cancer Patients","authors":"Wichasa Sukumwattana;Ruchira Chirachamnienkal;Varachaya Sawaddeemongkhon;Jirarat Jirarayapong;Sararas Khongwirotphan;Sira Sriswasdi;Somchanin Pipatpajong;Yothin Rakvongthai","doi":"10.1109/TRPMS.2025.3597718","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TRPMS.2025.3597718","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to develop a noninvasive tool to predict axillary lymph node metastasis (ALNM) using a multimodality radiomics based on mammography (MMG) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and its combination with the conventional clinical model. Datasets from 203 clinically node-negative breast cancer patients were collected and randomly allocated into train/validation (n <inline-formula> <tex-math>$ = 160$ </tex-math></inline-formula>), and test (n <inline-formula> <tex-math>$ = 43$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) datasets. Radiomic features derived from both MMG and MRI were computed. Subsequently, the important features were selected by intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), univariate analysis, and recursive feature elimination (RFE). Multivariate logistic regression was employed to construct seven models, which were clinical, MMG, MRI, MMG+MRI, MMG+Clinical, MRI+Clinical, and MMG+MRI+Clinical models. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was used to evaluate the model performance. The MMG+MRI model and its combination with the clinical model achieved significantly superior performance in ALNM prediction compared to the clinical and single-modality models alone, yielding AUC values of <inline-formula> <tex-math>$0.875~pm ~0.052$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and <inline-formula> <tex-math>$0.874~pm ~0.050$ </tex-math></inline-formula> in the validation, and 0.779 and 0.764 in test dataset, respectively. The MMG+MRI and MMG+MRI+Clinical models demonstrated high performance in ALNM prediction, and hold promise to be an effective noninvasive tool to predict ALNM in clinically node-negative breast cancer patients.","PeriodicalId":46807,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Radiation and Plasma Medical Sciences","volume":"10 3","pages":"350-358"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147352570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-08-11DOI: 10.1109/TRPMS.2025.3597845
M. Mehdi Khalighi;Christina B. Young;Skylar Weiss;Michael Zeineh;Guido Davidzon;Elizabeth Mormino;Greg Zaharchuk
18F-Florbetaben (FBB) uptake in the supratentorial cortex is indicative of amyloid positivity. Due to positron emission tomography (PET)’s low spatial resolution, image noise, and spill-over of signal from adjacent white-matter into gray-matter, trained readers may provide inconsistent reads and quantitative calculations like centiloids (CLs) are also affected. A set of 264 FBB (amyloid) PET/MRI exams were reconstructed using conventional ordered subset expectation maximization (OSEM) method and MR-guided block sequential regularized expectation maximization (MRgBSREM) method. Three trained readers evaluated the images from these 264 patients, which were reconstructed using the OSEM method. Fifty-three exams were rated inconsistently and were mixed with another 53 exams which were rated consistently. These 106 subjects were then rated by our readers using the MRgBSREM PET reconstruction method. CLs were measured using both reconstruction methods. There is significant correlation between CL measured by OSEM and MRgBSREM methods with R$2 = 0.99$ . The number of inconsistent exams dropped by 64% using MRgBSREM method as compared with OSEM method. Using Fleiss-Kappa statistical test, the agreement between readers was raised from “Fair” to “Significant” in the 106-subjects subset. PET reconstruction with MR priors can significantly improve the consistency of ratings among trained readers. Given the prevalence of inconsistent ratings in amyloid PET, methods that enhance the ability to distinguish intermediate amyloid levels could be valuable for the widespread adoption of this modality.
{"title":"Enhancing the Diagnostic Accuracy of Amyloid PET: The Impact of MR-Guided PET Reconstruction","authors":"M. Mehdi Khalighi;Christina B. Young;Skylar Weiss;Michael Zeineh;Guido Davidzon;Elizabeth Mormino;Greg Zaharchuk","doi":"10.1109/TRPMS.2025.3597845","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TRPMS.2025.3597845","url":null,"abstract":"18F-Florbetaben (FBB) uptake in the supratentorial cortex is indicative of amyloid positivity. Due to positron emission tomography (PET)’s low spatial resolution, image noise, and spill-over of signal from adjacent white-matter into gray-matter, trained readers may provide inconsistent reads and quantitative calculations like centiloids (CLs) are also affected. A set of 264 FBB (amyloid) PET/MRI exams were reconstructed using conventional ordered subset expectation maximization (OSEM) method and MR-guided block sequential regularized expectation maximization (MRgBSREM) method. Three trained readers evaluated the images from these 264 patients, which were reconstructed using the OSEM method. Fifty-three exams were rated inconsistently and were mixed with another 53 exams which were rated consistently. These 106 subjects were then rated by our readers using the MRgBSREM PET reconstruction method. CLs were measured using both reconstruction methods. There is significant correlation between CL measured by OSEM and MRgBSREM methods with R<inline-formula> <tex-math>$2 = 0.99$ </tex-math></inline-formula>. The number of inconsistent exams dropped by 64% using MRgBSREM method as compared with OSEM method. Using Fleiss-Kappa statistical test, the agreement between readers was raised from “Fair” to “Significant” in the 106-subjects subset. PET reconstruction with MR priors can significantly improve the consistency of ratings among trained readers. Given the prevalence of inconsistent ratings in amyloid PET, methods that enhance the ability to distinguish intermediate amyloid levels could be valuable for the widespread adoption of this modality.","PeriodicalId":46807,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Radiation and Plasma Medical Sciences","volume":"10 3","pages":"344-349"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147352530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-07-31DOI: 10.1109/TRPMS.2025.3594356
Taiyo Ishikawa;Go Akamatsu;Hideaki Tashima;Fumihiko Nishikido;Fumio Hashimoto;Ryosuke Ota;Hideaki Haneishi;Sun Il Kwon;Simon R. Cherry;Taiga Yamaya
In positron emission tomography (PET), time-of-flight (TOF) information localizes source positions along lines of response. Cherenkov-radiator-integrated microchannel-plate photomultiplier tubes have achieved 30-ps TOF resolution, demonstrating cross-sectional imaging without reconstruction. Such ultrafast TOF detectors would free PET from conventional ring geometries. Therefore, this study aimed at investigating imaging characteristics of a dual-panel PET with ultrafast TOF detectors using Geant4 simulation. Two detector panels ($137times 137$ mm2), which consisted of 5.0-mm thick bismuth germanate pixelized crystals with a 5.75-mm pitch, were placed face-to-face at a 300-mm distance. Imaging characteristics with various TOF resolutions from 30 to 90 ps were evaluated. Because, degraded efficiency may cancel TOF gain in image quality, detection efficiency was also parameterized by reducing coincidence counts. Data acquisitions for a numerical multirod and uniform phantom (21 MBq) and a modified NEMA NU2 image quality phantom were simulated for 600 s. Results of the maximum likelihood expectation maximization (MLEM) reconstruction were compared with those of a backprojection (i.e., no reconstruction). The dual-panel PET required a 40-ps TOF resolution to have a similar spatial resolution to that of a non-TOF ring PET (300-mm in diameter) for the same detection efficiency. TOF showed benefit in the reconstruction of image quality phantom with 40% efficiency, and the image noise with 20% efficiency at 30-ps TOF was similar to the complete efficiency at 40-ps TOF. MLEM provided better imaging performance than backprojection, even at 30-ps TOF. The feasibility of the proposed dual-panel PET was shown.
{"title":"Imaging Simulation of a Dual-Panel PET Geometry With Ultrafast TOF Detectors","authors":"Taiyo Ishikawa;Go Akamatsu;Hideaki Tashima;Fumihiko Nishikido;Fumio Hashimoto;Ryosuke Ota;Hideaki Haneishi;Sun Il Kwon;Simon R. Cherry;Taiga Yamaya","doi":"10.1109/TRPMS.2025.3594356","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TRPMS.2025.3594356","url":null,"abstract":"In positron emission tomography (PET), time-of-flight (TOF) information localizes source positions along lines of response. Cherenkov-radiator-integrated microchannel-plate photomultiplier tubes have achieved 30-ps TOF resolution, demonstrating cross-sectional imaging without reconstruction. Such ultrafast TOF detectors would free PET from conventional ring geometries. Therefore, this study aimed at investigating imaging characteristics of a dual-panel PET with ultrafast TOF detectors using Geant4 simulation. Two detector panels (<inline-formula> <tex-math>$137times 137$ </tex-math></inline-formula> mm2), which consisted of 5.0-mm thick bismuth germanate pixelized crystals with a 5.75-mm pitch, were placed face-to-face at a 300-mm distance. Imaging characteristics with various TOF resolutions from 30 to 90 ps were evaluated. Because, degraded efficiency may cancel TOF gain in image quality, detection efficiency was also parameterized by reducing coincidence counts. Data acquisitions for a numerical multirod and uniform phantom (21 MBq) and a modified NEMA NU2 image quality phantom were simulated for 600 s. Results of the maximum likelihood expectation maximization (MLEM) reconstruction were compared with those of a backprojection (i.e., no reconstruction). The dual-panel PET required a 40-ps TOF resolution to have a similar spatial resolution to that of a non-TOF ring PET (300-mm in diameter) for the same detection efficiency. TOF showed benefit in the reconstruction of image quality phantom with 40% efficiency, and the image noise with 20% efficiency at 30-ps TOF was similar to the complete efficiency at 40-ps TOF. MLEM provided better imaging performance than backprojection, even at 30-ps TOF. The feasibility of the proposed dual-panel PET was shown.","PeriodicalId":46807,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Radiation and Plasma Medical Sciences","volume":"10 3","pages":"418-426"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147352574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-07-30DOI: 10.1109/TRPMS.2025.3594103
Fiammetta Pagano;Francis Loignon-Houle;David Sanchez;Nicolas A. Karakatsanis;Jorge Alamo;Sadek A. Nehmeh;Antonio J. Gonzalez
Semi-monolithic detectors, a hybrid configuration combining the benefits of pixelated arrays and monolithic blocks, present a compelling and cost-effective solution for positron emission tomography (PET) scanners with both time-of-flight (TOF) and depth-of-interaction (DOI) capabilities. In this work, we evaluate four LYSO-based semi-monolithic arrays with various surface treatments, read out with the PETsys TOFPET2 ASIC, to identify the optimal configuration for a novel brain PET scanner. The chosen array, featuring ESR on all surfaces except for the black-painted lateral pixelated ones, achieved $15.9~pm ~0.6$ % energy resolution and $253~pm ~15$ ps detector time resolution (DTR). neural network with multilayer perceptron architectures were used to estimate the annihilation photon impact position, yielding average accuracies of $3.7~pm ~1$ .1 mm and $2.6~pm ~0$ .7 mm (FWHM) along the DOI and monolithic directions, respectively. The comparative analysis of the four arrays also prompted an investigation into light sharing in semi-monolithic detectors, supported by a GATE-based simulation framework which was designed to complement the experimental results and confirm the observed trends in time resolution. By refining the detector design based on semi-monolithic geometry and optimized surface crystal treatment to enhance positioning accuracy, this study contributes to the development of a next-generation brain PET scanner, with competitive performance but at a moderate cost.
{"title":"Semi-Monolithic Detectors for TOF-DOI Brain PET: Optimization of Time, Energy, and Positioning Resolutions With Varying Surface Treatments","authors":"Fiammetta Pagano;Francis Loignon-Houle;David Sanchez;Nicolas A. Karakatsanis;Jorge Alamo;Sadek A. Nehmeh;Antonio J. Gonzalez","doi":"10.1109/TRPMS.2025.3594103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TRPMS.2025.3594103","url":null,"abstract":"Semi-monolithic detectors, a hybrid configuration combining the benefits of pixelated arrays and monolithic blocks, present a compelling and cost-effective solution for positron emission tomography (PET) scanners with both time-of-flight (TOF) and depth-of-interaction (DOI) capabilities. In this work, we evaluate four LYSO-based semi-monolithic arrays with various surface treatments, read out with the PETsys TOFPET2 ASIC, to identify the optimal configuration for a novel brain PET scanner. The chosen array, featuring ESR on all surfaces except for the black-painted lateral pixelated ones, achieved <inline-formula> <tex-math>$15.9~pm ~0.6$ </tex-math></inline-formula>% energy resolution and <inline-formula> <tex-math>$253~pm ~15$ </tex-math></inline-formula>ps detector time resolution (DTR). neural network with multilayer perceptron architectures were used to estimate the annihilation photon impact position, yielding average accuracies of <inline-formula> <tex-math>$3.7~pm ~1$ </tex-math></inline-formula>.1 mm and <inline-formula> <tex-math>$2.6~pm ~0$ </tex-math></inline-formula>.7 mm (FWHM) along the DOI and monolithic directions, respectively. The comparative analysis of the four arrays also prompted an investigation into light sharing in semi-monolithic detectors, supported by a GATE-based simulation framework which was designed to complement the experimental results and confirm the observed trends in time resolution. By refining the detector design based on semi-monolithic geometry and optimized surface crystal treatment to enhance positioning accuracy, this study contributes to the development of a next-generation brain PET scanner, with competitive performance but at a moderate cost.","PeriodicalId":46807,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Radiation and Plasma Medical Sciences","volume":"10 2","pages":"276-287"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11104820","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146116812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-07-30DOI: 10.1109/TRPMS.2025.3594196
Zekai Li;Philipp Mohr;Viet Dao;Gert Luurtsema;Adrienne H. Brouwers;Adriaan A. Lammertsma;Charalampos Tsoumpas
Simultaneous dual-tracer positron emission tomography (PET) allows for the measurement of two distinct physiological processes within a single scan, i.e., under identical biological conditions. Quantification of 89Zr-labeled monoclonal antibody ([89Zr]mAb) uptake can be influenced by perfusion. Perfusion can be measured using [15O]H2O PET, but considerable variability in perfusion between scans may be an issue, there is a need to measure it at the same time as [89Zr]mAb uptake. Based on the high sensitivity of long axial field-of-view (LAFOV) PET, this simulation study uses digital twins based on real patient scans to evaluate the feasibility of [15O]H2O and [89Zr]mAb dual-tracer imaging. Using a 15-min scanning protocol, kinetic-based and subtraction-based methods were employed to recover [15O]H2O kinetic parameters ($K_{1}$ and $V_{T}$ ) at both volume of interest (VOI) and voxel levels for various tracer uptake scenarios. Quantitative assessment was carried out using scatter and Bland-Altman plots by comparing [15O]H2O parameters derived from a dual-tracer scan with those derived from the corresponding single tracer [15O]H2O results. Both methods showed excellent recovery of [15O]H2O kinetic parameters, with correlation coefficients exceeding 0.99 for VOI-level estimates and 0.94 for voxel-level estimates. Performance was further validated through bias versus standard deviation analyses. This study demonstrates the feasibility of a clinically practical 15 min protocol for a simultaneous [15O]H2O and [89Zr]mAb PET acquisition while retaining accuracy of [15O]H2O quantification.
{"title":"Simultaneous [¹⁵O]H₂O and [⁸⁹Zr]mAb Scanning With Long Axial Field-of-View PET: A Simulation Study Using Digital Twins","authors":"Zekai Li;Philipp Mohr;Viet Dao;Gert Luurtsema;Adrienne H. Brouwers;Adriaan A. Lammertsma;Charalampos Tsoumpas","doi":"10.1109/TRPMS.2025.3594196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TRPMS.2025.3594196","url":null,"abstract":"Simultaneous dual-tracer positron emission tomography (PET) allows for the measurement of two distinct physiological processes within a single scan, i.e., under identical biological conditions. Quantification of 89Zr-labeled monoclonal antibody ([89Zr]mAb) uptake can be influenced by perfusion. Perfusion can be measured using [15O]H2O PET, but considerable variability in perfusion between scans may be an issue, there is a need to measure it at the same time as [89Zr]mAb uptake. Based on the high sensitivity of long axial field-of-view (LAFOV) PET, this simulation study uses digital twins based on real patient scans to evaluate the feasibility of [15O]H2O and [89Zr]mAb dual-tracer imaging. Using a 15-min scanning protocol, kinetic-based and subtraction-based methods were employed to recover [15O]H2O kinetic parameters (<inline-formula> <tex-math>$K_{1}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and <inline-formula> <tex-math>$V_{T}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) at both volume of interest (VOI) and voxel levels for various tracer uptake scenarios. Quantitative assessment was carried out using scatter and Bland-Altman plots by comparing [15O]H2O parameters derived from a dual-tracer scan with those derived from the corresponding single tracer [15O]H2O results. Both methods showed excellent recovery of [15O]H2O kinetic parameters, with correlation coefficients exceeding 0.99 for VOI-level estimates and 0.94 for voxel-level estimates. Performance was further validated through bias versus standard deviation analyses. This study demonstrates the feasibility of a clinically practical 15 min protocol for a simultaneous [15O]H2O and [89Zr]mAb PET acquisition while retaining accuracy of [15O]H2O quantification.","PeriodicalId":46807,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Radiation and Plasma Medical Sciences","volume":"10 3","pages":"406-417"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147352539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-07-30DOI: 10.1109/TRPMS.2025.3592019
Lan Ma;Jiaxuan Zhao;Yanna Lv;Zheng Zhang;Yuxin Ren;Guojuan Fan;Weifen Zhang;Jinlong Ma
Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) is a promising treatment for burns due to its antibacterial properties, ability to promote wound healing, and inhibition of scarring. However, before its clinical transformation, two major challenges need to be addressed: 1) potential harmful effects on human skin under long exposure time and 2) the high flow rate of gas, causing wound dryness and hindering healing. To tackle these issues, we conducted an exploratory study using a mouse burn model to investigate the impact of CAP parameters on burn healing. Specifically, we examined the exposure time, course of CAP treatment, velocity of flow, frequency, and carrier gases. Through our research, we were able to preliminarily explore the mechanism of CAP’s impact on burn repair. Our findings provide an essential theory for the safe and effective clinical application of CAP in burn treatment. Furthermore, this work has practical significance for advancing research into new treatment methods for burns. Overall, our study contributes valuable insights into the field of CAP application, paving the way for future studies focused on optimizing CAP treatment protocols for burn injuries.
{"title":"Cold Atmospheric Plasma for Burn Healing in Mice","authors":"Lan Ma;Jiaxuan Zhao;Yanna Lv;Zheng Zhang;Yuxin Ren;Guojuan Fan;Weifen Zhang;Jinlong Ma","doi":"10.1109/TRPMS.2025.3592019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TRPMS.2025.3592019","url":null,"abstract":"Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) is a promising treatment for burns due to its antibacterial properties, ability to promote wound healing, and inhibition of scarring. However, before its clinical transformation, two major challenges need to be addressed: 1) potential harmful effects on human skin under long exposure time and 2) the high flow rate of gas, causing wound dryness and hindering healing. To tackle these issues, we conducted an exploratory study using a mouse burn model to investigate the impact of CAP parameters on burn healing. Specifically, we examined the exposure time, course of CAP treatment, velocity of flow, frequency, and carrier gases. Through our research, we were able to preliminarily explore the mechanism of CAP’s impact on burn repair. Our findings provide an essential theory for the safe and effective clinical application of CAP in burn treatment. Furthermore, this work has practical significance for advancing research into new treatment methods for burns. Overall, our study contributes valuable insights into the field of CAP application, paving the way for future studies focused on optimizing CAP treatment protocols for burn injuries.","PeriodicalId":46807,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Radiation and Plasma Medical Sciences","volume":"10 3","pages":"444-459"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147352568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-07-28DOI: 10.1109/TRPMS.2025.3593080
Yongyi Shi;Chuang Niu;Wenjun Xia;Yuxuan Liang;Lin Fu;Bruno De Man;Ge Wang
Photon-counting computed tomography (PCCT) has emerged as a transformative imaging modality, enabling enhanced spatial resolution, and multienergy acquisition with energy-discriminating detectors of significantly smaller detector elements. However, both energy-discriminating power and reduced detector pixel size result in fewer detected photons per measurement, inherently increasing noise in reconstructed images. In this study, we propose ZS4D, a zero-shot self-similarity-steered denoiser for PCCT reconstruction. Specifically, a self-similarity denoiser is pretrained in a self-supervised manner by leveraging spectral correlations through multienergy extraction and capturing volumetric context via the complementary synergy of axial and sagittal planes. The pretrained denoiser is then integrated as a prior into an iterative reconstruction framework, enabling effective noise structural preservation. Extensive experiments demonstrate that ZS4D adapts well to varying noise levels and significantly enhances image quality in both simulated and preclinical PCCT datasets. Also, ZS4D demonstrates effectiveness in deblurring tasks. Furthermore, our denoiser pretrained on clinical PCCT data is shown to enhance the spatial resolution of conventional CT images.
{"title":"ZS4D: Zero-Shot Self-Similarity-Steered Denoiser for Volumetric Photon-Counting CT","authors":"Yongyi Shi;Chuang Niu;Wenjun Xia;Yuxuan Liang;Lin Fu;Bruno De Man;Ge Wang","doi":"10.1109/TRPMS.2025.3593080","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TRPMS.2025.3593080","url":null,"abstract":"Photon-counting computed tomography (PCCT) has emerged as a transformative imaging modality, enabling enhanced spatial resolution, and multienergy acquisition with energy-discriminating detectors of significantly smaller detector elements. However, both energy-discriminating power and reduced detector pixel size result in fewer detected photons per measurement, inherently increasing noise in reconstructed images. In this study, we propose ZS4D, a zero-shot self-similarity-steered denoiser for PCCT reconstruction. Specifically, a self-similarity denoiser is pretrained in a self-supervised manner by leveraging spectral correlations through multienergy extraction and capturing volumetric context via the complementary synergy of axial and sagittal planes. The pretrained denoiser is then integrated as a prior into an iterative reconstruction framework, enabling effective noise structural preservation. Extensive experiments demonstrate that ZS4D adapts well to varying noise levels and significantly enhances image quality in both simulated and preclinical PCCT datasets. Also, ZS4D demonstrates effectiveness in deblurring tasks. Furthermore, our denoiser pretrained on clinical PCCT data is shown to enhance the spatial resolution of conventional CT images.","PeriodicalId":46807,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Radiation and Plasma Medical Sciences","volume":"10 3","pages":"359-370"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147352571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-07-25DOI: 10.1109/TRPMS.2025.3592414
S. Mena;N. Karkour;V. Alaphilippe;D. Crepin;M. C. Jiménez-Ramos;J. García López;J. M. Espino;D. Pascual-Álvarez;C. Riera-Llobet;X. Muñoz-Berbel;G. Guirado;L. Gibelin;D. Linget;C. Guardiola
This work presents a 2-D dosimetry analysis with a new micro-opto-electro-mechanical (MOEM) system of radiochromic films (RCFs) irradiated with a low energy proton beam. The new system is based on a $5times 10$ matrix of photodetectors controlled by both an in-house electronic circuit and a graphical user interface, which allows direct optical density measurements. We have investigated the performance of this 2-D readout system using Gafchromic EBT3 films. The results were compared with those obtained using a standard analysis method based on a flat-bed scanner, and the results showed the feasibility of this system for 2-D dose map evaluation. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first time that a 2-D MOEM system has been used to analyze RCFs irradiated with low-energy protons. We intend to develop a portable 2-D dosimetry tool that provides dose maps to speed up the reading of RCFs in radiotherapy.
{"title":"First Tests of an Opto-Electro-Mechanical System for 2-D Dose Analysis in Low-Energy Proton Irradiated Films","authors":"S. Mena;N. Karkour;V. Alaphilippe;D. Crepin;M. C. Jiménez-Ramos;J. García López;J. M. Espino;D. Pascual-Álvarez;C. Riera-Llobet;X. Muñoz-Berbel;G. Guirado;L. Gibelin;D. Linget;C. Guardiola","doi":"10.1109/TRPMS.2025.3592414","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/TRPMS.2025.3592414","url":null,"abstract":"This work presents a 2-D dosimetry analysis with a new micro-opto-electro-mechanical (MOEM) system of radiochromic films (RCFs) irradiated with a low energy proton beam. The new system is based on a <inline-formula> <tex-math>$5times 10$ </tex-math></inline-formula> matrix of photodetectors controlled by both an in-house electronic circuit and a graphical user interface, which allows direct optical density measurements. We have investigated the performance of this 2-D readout system using Gafchromic EBT3 films. The results were compared with those obtained using a standard analysis method based on a flat-bed scanner, and the results showed the feasibility of this system for 2-D dose map evaluation. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first time that a 2-D MOEM system has been used to analyze RCFs irradiated with low-energy protons. We intend to develop a portable 2-D dosimetry tool that provides dose maps to speed up the reading of RCFs in radiotherapy.","PeriodicalId":46807,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Transactions on Radiation and Plasma Medical Sciences","volume":"10 3","pages":"427-435"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11096076","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147352556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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