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On the need for sustainable tourism consumption 论可持续旅游消费的必要性
IF 2.4 4区 管理学 Q2 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM Pub Date : 2021-01-05 DOI: 10.1177/1468797620986087
R. Sharpley
Sustainable tourism has remained the dominant tourism development paradigm within both academic and policy circles for more than three decades. However, little if any progress has been made towards implementing sustainable tourism in practice. Reflecting on this failure to achieve a more sustainable tourism sector, manifested not least in its increasing contribution to climate change, this paper argues that the problem lies in the continuing adherence to the economic growth model that underpins (sustainable) development policies in general and tourism development in particular. Highlighting the unsustainability of unabated growth, the paper goes on to suggest that the solution lies in the adoption of sustainable (reduced) levels of consumption. Yet, based on a recent exploratory study, voluntary limiting the consumption of tourism, even amongst the allegedly environmentally aware post-millennial generation, is an unlikely scenario. Hence, the path to sustainable tourism production and consumption lies only in effective regulation.
三十多年来,可持续旅游一直是学术界和政策界的主导旅游发展模式。然而,在实际实施可持续旅游方面几乎没有取得任何进展。鉴于旅游业未能实现更可持续的发展,尤其是其对气候变化的贡献越来越大,本文认为,问题在于继续坚持经济增长模式,而经济增长模式是整个(可持续)发展政策,尤其是旅游业发展的基础。该论文强调了增长不减的不可持续性,并提出解决方案在于采用可持续(降低)的消费水平。然而,根据最近的一项探索性研究,自愿限制旅游消费,即使是在据称具有环保意识的后千禧一代中,也是不太可能的。因此,实现可持续旅游生产和消费的途径仅在于有效的监管。
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引用次数: 17
Adoption return trips: Family tourism and the social meanings of money 领养回程:家庭旅游与金钱的社会意义
IF 2.4 4区 管理学 Q2 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM Pub Date : 2020-12-03 DOI: 10.1177/1468797620977543
Johanna Gustafsson
Through a focus on the planning and making of family adoption return trips, this paper explores how the social meanings of money are entangled with family-making practices and family holidays. Adoption return trips are a global phenomenon, and travel agencies offer tailored adoption return-trip packages marketed as a type of family tourism. The new trend towards conducting adoption return trips as a family when children are still young is growing and has implications for families’ finances because return trips are expensive endeavours. Still, families prioritise these trips, raising them above purely economic values so they stand out as ‘priceless’. The empirical material consists of interviews with 10 Swedish transnational adoptive families. The analyses show that family adoption return trips, despite their original features, are yet one more way of doing family holidaying. Money becomes an important contribution for understanding how family life is being done in and through parental, child and family-holiday ideals, as well as family intimacy.
通过关注家庭领养返程的计划和制定,本文探讨了金钱的社会意义是如何与家庭实践和家庭假期纠缠在一起的。领养返程是一种全球现象,旅行社提供量身定制的领养返程套餐,作为一种家庭旅游的营销方式。在孩子还小的时候,全家一起进行领养返程旅行的新趋势正在增长,这对家庭的财务状况产生了影响,因为返程旅行是一项昂贵的努力。尽管如此,家庭还是会优先考虑这些旅行,把它们提升到单纯的经济价值之上,这样它们就能脱颖而出,成为“无价之宝”。实证材料包括对10个瑞典跨国收养家庭的访谈。分析表明,家庭领养返程旅行尽管有其原有的特点,但仍是家庭度假的另一种方式。金钱成为理解家庭生活是如何通过父母、孩子和家庭度假理想以及家庭亲密关系来完成的重要贡献。
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引用次数: 5
(Staying with) the trouble with tourism and travel theory? 旅游和旅行理论的麻烦?
IF 2.4 4区 管理学 Q2 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.1177/1468797621989216
C. Ren
It has now been 20 years since Adrian Franklin and Mike Crang’s The trouble with tourism and travel theory? introduced the first volume of Tourist Studies. In the year of 2001, business-oriented approaches to studying tourism were thriving due to the rapid growth of tourism. In their diagnosis of tourism research of the day, Franklin and Crang pointed to the lack of theory and “a tendency for studies to follow a template, repeating and reinforcing a specific approach” (p. 6) as the fundamental trouble with the academic commitment to tourism. The twentieth anniversary issue of Tourist Studies offers an occasion to return to this analysis of tourism research and explore what the “trouble” with knowing and thinking about tourism might be today? Where do we go, where do we look, and whom do we listen to and learn from to know about tourism? And how may we work to improve our sensibilities toward knowing tourism?
Adrian Franklin和Mike Crang的《旅游和旅行理论的麻烦?》介绍了《旅游研究》的第一卷。2001年,由于旅游业的快速增长,以商业为导向的旅游研究方法蓬勃发展。在他们对当时旅游研究的诊断中,Franklin和Crang指出,缺乏理论和“研究倾向于遵循一个模板,重复和加强一个特定的方法”(第6页)是旅游业学术承诺的根本问题。《旅游研究》二十周年纪念期提供了一个机会,让我们回到对旅游研究的分析,并探讨了解和思考旅游的“麻烦”在今天可能是什么?我们去哪里,我们看哪里,我们听谁的话,向谁学习,以了解旅游?我们怎样才能提高对旅游业的认识?
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引用次数: 10
Personalising disaster: Community storytelling and sharing in New Orleans post-Katrina tourism 个性化灾难:卡特里娜飓风后新奥尔良旅游业的社区故事和分享
IF 2.4 4区 管理学 Q2 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM Pub Date : 2020-10-30 DOI: 10.1177/1468797620967597
Churnjeet Mahn, Caroline Scarles, J. Edwards, J. Tribe
This paper seeks to extend existing discussions of post-disaster tourism in New Orleans by considering how competing narratives of disaster operate within the tourist experience available in New Orleans. More specifically, we explore how personal reflections and the collective memories of a community are practiced and mobilised as occasions for tourists to connect with and share in memories of disaster in post-Katrina New Orleans. We suggest that in a city where tourism has long been vital to the economic, social and cultural make-up of the place the power of sharing has emerged through personal narratives, artefacts and experiences that, more than a decade after the disaster, are woven into the tourist experience by individuals such as tour guides, curators of exhibitions, street artists, and participants in anniversary ceremonies.
本文试图通过考虑在新奥尔良现有的旅游体验中,灾难的竞争叙事是如何运作的,来扩展新奥尔良现有的灾后旅游讨论。更具体地说,我们探索了一个社区的个人反思和集体记忆是如何被实践和动员起来的,作为游客与卡特里娜飓风后新奥尔良灾难建立联系和分享记忆的机会。我们认为,在一个旅游业长期以来对这个地方的经济、社会和文化构成至关重要的城市里,分享的力量已经通过个人叙事、手工艺品和经历产生,在灾难发生十多年后,导游、展览策展人、街头艺术家、,以及周年庆典的参与者。
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引用次数: 7
Developing sustainable tourism through public-private partnership to alleviate poverty in Ghana 通过公私伙伴关系发展可持续旅游业以减轻加纳的贫困
IF 2.4 4区 管理学 Q2 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM Pub Date : 2020-10-22 DOI: 10.1177/1468797620955250
Tamakloe Geoffrey Deladem, Zhongdong Xiao, T. Siueia, S. Doku, I. Tettey
Encouraging sustainable tourism is an essential aspect of driving economic growth, social responsibility and safeguarding the ecology. This study, therefore, aimed at examining how Public-Private Partnership (PPP) in sustainable tourism development helps eradicate poverty in tourism host communities. A qualitative design was employed by using a semi-structured interview to collect primary data from experts from diverse backgrounds using both purposive and snowball sampling techniques. The findings were thematically analysed and discussed by focusing on general issues related to sustainable tourism and how PPP implementation in the tourism sector has impacted on the economic, social and environmental conditions of the tourism destination areas in Ghana. The findings indicate that the potential of PPP development for long-term economic infrastructural needs of tourism destination have not been sufficiently realized. We suggest that the sole involvement of the private sector and a poor commitment from government has led to a failure to create enough jobs to improve prosperity among the local people in these tourism host communities. Nonetheless, PPP development and implementation have improved the preservation of traditional values, cultural heritage and inter-cultural tolerance in the tourism destination areas. As a result, tourism host communities have seen a positive impact on intercultural interaction, business activities, entrepreneurial development and economic empowerment to eradicate poverty in the host communities. Commitment and the poor involvement of the tourism host communities can have long-term negative effects on poverty eradication in the locales.
鼓励可持续旅游业是推动经济增长、社会责任和保护生态的重要方面。因此,本研究旨在研究可持续旅游业发展中的公私伙伴关系如何帮助旅游业所在社区消除贫困。采用定性设计,使用半结构化访谈,使用目的性抽样和滚雪球抽样技术从不同背景的专家那里收集主要数据。对调查结果进行了主题分析和讨论,重点关注与可持续旅游业有关的一般问题,以及旅游业PPP的实施如何影响加纳旅游目的地的经济、社会和环境条件。研究结果表明,PPP发展对旅游目的地长期经济基础设施需求的潜力尚未充分发挥。我们认为,私营部门的单独参与和政府的糟糕承诺导致了未能创造足够的就业机会来改善这些旅游接待社区当地人的繁荣。尽管如此,PPP的开发和实施改善了旅游目的地对传统价值观、文化遗产和文化间宽容的保护。因此,旅游业所在社区对文化间互动、商业活动、创业发展和经济赋权产生了积极影响,以消除所在社区的贫困。旅游业东道社区的承诺和参与不力可能会对当地的消除贫困产生长期的负面影响。
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引用次数: 15
Messy realities and collaborative knowledge production in tourism 旅游业混乱的现实与协同知识生产
IF 2.4 4区 管理学 Q2 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM Pub Date : 2020-10-22 DOI: 10.1177/1468797620966905
C. Ren, René van der Duim, G. T. Jóhannesson
In this paper, we draw on a relational ontology to explore what collaborative ways of knowing might mean in the field of tourism research. Using tourism as a prism to explore the messy realities of collaborative knowledge production, we argue that knowledge is always co-created through situated practices. By focusing on collaboration and co-creation of research and based on a discussion on what, how and where to know we suggest four orientations of research practices that clarify what collaborative research can be about and how it is of value. Research collaboration should capture the situated practices, strive for critical proximity, be interventionist and seek to come to matter in new ways.
在本文中,我们利用关系本体论来探索合作的认知方式在旅游研究领域可能意味着什么。利用旅游业作为一个棱镜来探索协作知识生产的混乱现实,我们认为知识总是通过情境实践共同创造的。通过关注合作和共同创造研究,并在讨论了解什么、如何了解以及在哪里了解的基础上,我们提出了四个研究实践方向,以阐明合作研究可以是什么以及它如何具有价值。研究合作应捕捉所处的实践,努力实现关键的接近性,采取干预主义,并寻求以新的方式解决问题。
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引用次数: 6
Young tourists’ experiences at dark tourism sites: Towards a conceptual framework 年轻游客在黑暗旅游景点的体验:走向一个概念框架
IF 2.4 4区 管理学 Q2 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM Pub Date : 2020-10-08 DOI: 10.1177/1468797620959048
M. M. Kerr, P. Stone, Rebecca H. Price
While dark tourism aimed at adults reminds them of past tragic fights, faults and follies, thousands of children and youth also consume inherent memorial messages at dark tourism sites. This paper addresses these unnoticed childhood encounters, about which scholarly discourse remains conspicuously silent. At present, dark tourism research focuses almost exclusively on adults and does not adequately explain young tourists’ experiences. How children experience dark tourism sites has much to do with their understanding of death. Because younger children may not possess an adult-like knowledge of death, they are unable to experience a site as dark. Other theoretical disparities include children’s limited agency in choosing their destinations and their unique and often playful exploration of dark places. To address the inadequacy of current dark tourism conceptualisations, we propose a new framework to encourage scholarly interrogation of children’s experiences at dark tourism sites. Drawing from multiple sources including archival studies and original research with youth, we offer a rationale for considering four major, intersecting influences on a young tourist’s experience: understanding of death, visit preparation (at home or in school), site and interpretation features and dynamics of the specific visit (e.g. group membership, norms and itinerary). Ultimately, this paper uncovers potential research avenues to bring children’s perspectives and experiences to the core of dark tourism research.
虽然针对成年人的黑暗旅游让他们想起了过去的悲惨战斗、错误和愚蠢行为,但成千上万的儿童和青年也在黑暗旅游景点消费固有的纪念信息。本文讨论了这些未被注意到的童年遭遇,学术界对这些遭遇保持着明显的沉默。目前,黑暗旅游研究几乎只关注成年人,并没有充分解释年轻游客的经历。孩子们如何体验黑暗的旅游景点与他们对死亡的理解有很大关系。因为年龄较小的孩子可能没有成年人那样的死亡知识,他们无法体验到如此黑暗的场所。其他理论上的差异包括儿童在选择目的地方面的有限能动性,以及他们对黑暗地方的独特且经常是有趣的探索。为了解决当前黑暗旅游概念的不足,我们提出了一个新的框架,鼓励对儿童在黑暗旅游景点的经历进行学术探究。我们从档案研究和对年轻人的原始研究等多个来源出发,为考虑对年轻游客体验的四大交叉影响提供了理由:对死亡的理解、参观准备(在家或学校)、地点和解释特征以及特定参观的动态(如团体成员、规范和行程)。最终,本文揭示了潜在的研究途径,将儿童的视角和体验纳入黑暗旅游研究的核心。
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引用次数: 8
Conspicuous souvenirs: Analysing touristic self-presentation through souvenir display 醒目纪念品:通过纪念品展示分析旅游自我展示
IF 2.4 4区 管理学 Q2 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM Pub Date : 2020-09-28 DOI: 10.1177/1468797620956935
Friedericke Kuhn
Holiday travel offers the opportunity for self-definition and enhancement of social prestige. Due to the growing importance of self-expressive values within the ongoing course of individualisation, tourists increasingly make use of their travel experience to self-present in a positive way. Yet, tourism studies have not investigated what tourists actually want to communicate about themselves when representing their travel experience through the display of souvenirs. Using semi-structured qualitative interviews, this study examines touristic self-expression and exposes the self-concepts attached to and communicated through the display of souvenirs as material symbols of travel experience. Results show that tourists often have a clear intention to express positive self-messages when showing their souvenirs to others. Souvenirs are used to represent personal character traits, social affiliation to in-groups and neo-tribes, and to demonstrate individual travel history. This article adds to the discussion of individual ascription of meaning to the tourist experience and souvenirs, and gives an insight to the function of souvenirs for self-expression and social exchange.
假日旅行提供了自我定义和提高社会威望的机会。由于自我表达价值在正在进行的个性化过程中越来越重要,游客越来越多地利用他们的旅行经历以积极的方式自我呈现。然而,旅游研究并没有调查游客在通过展示纪念品来展示他们的旅行经历时,真正想要传达的是关于他们自己的什么。本研究采用半结构化的质性访谈,检视游客的自我表达,揭示旅游纪念品作为旅游体验的物质象征,其展示所附带及传达的自我概念。结果表明,游客在向他人展示自己的纪念品时,往往有明确的表达积极自我信息的意图。纪念品被用来代表个人的性格特征,与团体和新部落的社会关系,以及展示个人的旅行历史。本文在对旅游体验和纪念品的个体意义归属讨论的基础上,对纪念品的自我表达和社会交换功能进行了深入的认识。
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引用次数: 10
An existential psychological perspective on Chinese career gap travel 中国职业空当旅行的存在主义心理学视角
IF 2.4 4区 管理学 Q2 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM Pub Date : 2020-09-23 DOI: 10.1177/1468797620959050
Xiaolian Chen, B. Mak, Yan-jun Feng
This study examined travellers’ reflections of meaning in career gap travel experiences, through an existential psychology lens. Specifically, it investigated how career gap travellers conferred and fundamentally shifted meaning in their lives. Eleven career gap travellers’ reflections were interpreted through existential-narrative analysis. The study contributed to current knowledge by developing a career gap travel cycle including stages before, during and after the trip. The findings showed that career crises and existential anxiety for something more meaningful were the antecedents of career gap travel in the pre-trip stage. The trip itself comprised two stages: the early days of travel were depicted as pleasurable; however, long-term travel also involved existential challenges, such as anxiety and fear. The post-trip stage involved post-trip liminality and travel syndrome related to fear of failure and anxiety. The article concludes with a discussion of future research areas for career gap travel.
这项研究通过存在主义心理学的视角,考察了旅行者在职业空档旅行经历中对意义的反映。具体而言,它调查了职业差距旅行者如何赋予他们生活意义并从根本上改变他们的生活意义。通过存在主义叙事分析,解读了11位职业空档旅行者的反思。这项研究通过制定一个职业空档旅行周期,包括旅行前、旅行中和旅行后的阶段,为当前的知识做出了贡献。研究结果表明,在旅行前阶段,职业危机和对更有意义的事情的生存焦虑是职业间隙旅行的前因。旅行本身包括两个阶段:旅行的早期被描述为愉快的;然而,长期旅行也涉及生存挑战,如焦虑和恐惧。旅行后阶段涉及旅行后极限和与对失败和焦虑的恐惧有关的旅行综合征。文章最后讨论了职业空档旅行的未来研究领域。
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引用次数: 0
The Attraction of the Mundane – How everyday life contributes to destination attractiveness in the Nordic region Mundane的吸引力——北欧地区的日常生活如何提高目的地吸引力
IF 2.4 4区 管理学 Q2 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM Pub Date : 2020-09-13 DOI: 10.1177/1468797620955251
Matias Thuen Jørgensen
The paper exhibits how environments, lifestyles and institutions that are considered as mundane parts of everyday life for locals, play an important role for Chinese tourists visiting the Nordic region – as motivators to visit and as tangible or intangible attractions during the visit. It contributes to ongoing discussions about the role of mundane everyday life in tourism studies, as it highlights that tourist do not only bring their everyday lives to destinations, they also travel to experience tangible and intangible elements that locals may regard as mundane. Based on these findings, the paper aims to position such mundane destination elements not only as a supplement to, but in line with traditional attractions, in terms of their contribution to destination attractiveness. The paper is based on the findings of a qualitative interview study on Chinese tourism to the Nordic region. The interviewees include fourteen Chinese tourists, sixteen representatives of Chinese tourism intermediaries and six tour guides.
本文展示了被视为当地人日常生活中平凡部分的环境、生活方式和制度如何对访问北欧地区的中国游客发挥重要作用——作为访问的动力,以及在访问过程中有形或无形的吸引力。它有助于对日常生活在旅游研究中的作用进行持续的讨论,因为它强调,游客不仅将日常生活带到目的地,他们旅行也是为了体验当地人可能认为平凡的有形和无形元素。基于这些发现,本文旨在将这些平凡的目的地元素定位为对目的地吸引力的贡献,不仅是对传统景点的补充,而且与传统景点保持一致。本文基于一项关于中国赴北欧地区旅游的定性访谈研究。受访者包括14名中国游客、16名中国旅游中介机构代表和6名导游。
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引用次数: 7
期刊
Tourist Studies
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