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Integrating development and operations teams: A control approach for DevOps 集成开发和运维团队:DevOps的一种控制方法
IF 6.3 2区 管理学 Q1 INFORMATION SCIENCE & LIBRARY SCIENCE Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.infoandorg.2023.100474
Anna Wiedemann , Manuel Wiesche , Heiko Gewald , Helmut Krcmar

Information systems (IS) literature has predominantly studied IS project control with a focus on software development projects. However, by virtue of digital transformation, an increasing number of organizations are implementing cross-functional teams, combining software development with software operations tasks. The goal is to react quickly to the ever-changing market requirements.

The DevOps concept aims to effectively orchestrate development and operations activities and smoothly manage tensions within teams, resulting from the heterogeneous composition of skills, responsibilities, and working styles.

In contrast to the predominant project management view of control of prior research, which focuses on software development, this study investigates a different perspective: focusing on exerting control in DevOps teams and simultaneously navigating tensions between software development and operations. Utilizing an inductive theory-building approach, we first identify the four tensions discussed in prior literature—namely, goal conflict, method discomfort, decision rights, and time rhythm—and then empirically derive corresponding resolutions.

Integrating our findings, we present an empirically derived model that can serve as a DevOps control approach for navigating the tensions between development and operations teams. This model extends our theoretical knowledge about control in DevOps teams and serves to inform IT practitioners, helping them successfully implement and manage DevOps teams.

信息系统(IS)文献主要研究IS项目控制,重点是软件开发项目。然而,随着数字化转型,越来越多的组织正在实施跨职能团队,将软件开发与软件运营任务相结合。目标是对不断变化的市场需求做出快速反应。DevOps概念旨在有效地协调开发和运营活动,并顺利管理团队内部的紧张关系,这是由技能、责任和工作风格的异质组成造成的。与先前研究中主要的项目管理控制观(侧重于软件开发)不同,本研究调查了一个不同的视角:侧重于在DevOps团队中施加控制,同时应对软件开发和运营之间的紧张关系。利用归纳理论构建方法,我们首先确定了先前文献中讨论的四种紧张关系,即目标冲突、方法不适、决策权和时间节奏,然后根据经验得出相应的解决方案。结合我们的发现,我们提出了一个经验推导的模型,该模型可以作为DevOps控制方法,用于应对开发和运营团队之间的紧张关系。该模型扩展了我们对DevOps团队控制的理论知识,并为IT从业者提供信息,帮助他们成功实施和管理DevOps小组。
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引用次数: 0
Beyond the boundaries of care: Electronic health records and the changing practices of healthcare 超越护理的界限:电子健康记录和不断变化的医疗保健实践
IF 6.3 2区 管理学 Q1 INFORMATION SCIENCE & LIBRARY SCIENCE Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.infoandorg.2023.100477
Sean Hansen , A. James Baroody

Healthcare systems across the globe are riding a wave of clinical health IT investment, centered on electronic health records (EHR) systems. Supported by governmental incentives, this build-out has positioned the healthcare system for a period of transformation as EHR functionality has become ingrained in the work routines of healthcare providers and other system participants. We report on a field study of healthcare participants in the United States to explore the influence of EHR use on the boundaries and practices of the field. Our grounded theory analysis reveals the interplay between the field practices of individual communities and the boundary spanning practices that unite them. Through the adoption of a practice perspective, we highlight the changes to both boundary spanning and field practices engendered by enterprise EHR use and propose the complementary mechanisms of reticulation and boundary molding by which those changes emerge. We conclude with a consideration of the positive and potentially negative consequences of EHR use for delivery of healthcare services.

全球各地的医疗保健系统正在掀起以电子健康记录(EHR)系统为中心的临床健康IT投资浪潮。在政府激励措施的支持下,随着EHR功能在医疗保健提供者和其他系统参与者的日常工作中根深蒂固,这一构建为医疗保健系统定位了一段转型期。我们报告了一项针对美国医疗保健参与者的实地研究,以探讨EHR的使用对该领域边界和实践的影响。我们的基础理论分析揭示了各个社区的实地实践与将它们结合在一起的跨越边界的实践之间的相互作用。通过采用实践视角,我们强调了企业EHR使用对边界跨越和现场实践的变化,并提出了这些变化产生的网状和边界塑造的互补机制。最后,我们考虑了使用EHR提供医疗服务的积极和潜在负面后果。
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引用次数: 0
Walking the line: Mindfulness with IT in hospital medication routines 坚持到底:医院药物常规中的正念与IT
IF 6.3 2区 管理学 Q1 INFORMATION SCIENCE & LIBRARY SCIENCE Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.infoandorg.2023.100475
Valentina Lichtner , Stan Karanasios , Federico Iannacci

This paper addresses the dilemma that organizations face when they introduce information technology (IT) to standardize and guide operations and improve performance, while also supporting staff mindfulness in using IT and questioning it, to safeguard against errors. People are warned to be mindful in using the information provided by IT, yet IT may contribute to their mindlessness. Organizational operations involve routine work, where work is distributed across roles, in space and time. To fully understand mindfulness or mindlessness with IT at work it is necessary to consider the routines in which they are embedded. We sought to investigate what factors might influence mindfulness or mindlessness with IT in the context of organizational routines. We carried out an in-depth study of clinicians using technology during medications routines in a UK hospital. The IT in this context aimed to guide and standardize clinical work to improve medication safety. The study uncovered several factors influencing mindfulness and mindlessness with IT: not only the IT design but also task design, individual experience and history of IT use, distribution of work, and the situation at hand. These are interacting influences on mindfulness and mindlessness with IT, each embodying a tension, as each may influence both mindfulness and mindlessness. The distribution of work and the dynamics of the routine over time mean that individuals in the routine may (mindlessly) entrust mindfulness in using IT to others, or to other moments in time. The study highlights the complexity of achieving mindfulness with IT in organizations, and a nuanced relation between mindfulness and IT in a routine work context.

本文解决了组织在引入信息技术(IT)来规范和指导操作并提高性能时所面临的困境,同时也支持员工在使用IT和质疑IT时的专注,以防止错误。人们被警告在使用IT提供的信息时要小心,然而IT可能会导致他们的粗心大意。组织操作包括日常工作,其中工作在空间和时间上分布在各个角色之间。为了充分理解IT工作中的正念或无意识,有必要考虑它们所嵌入的常规。我们试图调查在组织惯例的背景下,哪些因素可能影响IT的正念或无意识。我们对英国一家医院的临床医生在常规用药过程中使用技术进行了深入研究。在此背景下,信息技术旨在指导和规范临床工作,提高用药安全。该研究揭示了影响正念和无意识的几个因素:不仅是IT设计,还有任务设计、个人经验和使用IT的历史、工作分配和手头的情况。这些都是对IT的正念和无意识的相互影响,每一个都体现了一种张力,因为每一个都可能影响正念和无意识。随着时间的推移,工作的分配和日常生活的动态意味着,日常生活中的个人可能(无意识地)将使用IT的专注力委托给他人,或委托给其他时刻。该研究强调了在组织中利用IT实现正念的复杂性,以及在日常工作环境中正念与IT之间的微妙关系。
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引用次数: 0
The multiplexity of diagrams and prototypes in requirements development 需求开发中图和原型的多样性
IF 6.3 2区 管理学 Q1 INFORMATION SCIENCE & LIBRARY SCIENCE Pub Date : 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.infoandorg.2023.100476
Raffaele Fabio Ciriello , Alexander Richter , Gerhard Schwabe , Lars Mathiassen

Information systems development (ISD) requires dynamic and flexible ways of working, particularly when developing requirements in collaboration with customers. Although prior research has acknowledged the importance of objects to support ISD practices, there has been a lack of frameworks to help discern the multiple overlapping roles objects play to support requirements development in a variety of ways throughout an ISD project. This paper explores and theorizes this phenomenon by leveraging multiplexity as a theoretical lens to analyze an extensive qualitative data set from a case study at a Swiss multinational banking software provider. Results show how diagrams and prototypes both play the roles of epistemic, activity, boundary, and infrastructure objects as a reflection of how they are used in requirements development. Our analysis articulates how two classical requirements specifications play multiple overlapping roles to support dynamic and flexible ISD practices. Based on these findings, we advance a framework for discerning the multiplex role of objects in practice

信息系统开发(ISD)需要动态和灵活的工作方式,尤其是在与客户合作开发需求时。尽管先前的研究已经认识到对象对支持ISD实践的重要性,但在整个ISD项目中,缺乏框架来帮助识别对象在以各种方式支持需求开发方面所扮演的多重重叠角色。本文利用多重性作为理论视角,分析了一家瑞士跨国银行软件提供商的案例研究中的大量定性数据集,对这一现象进行了探索和理论化。结果显示了图和原型如何同时扮演认知对象、活动对象、边界对象和基础设施对象的角色,反映了它们在需求开发中的使用方式。我们的分析阐明了两个经典的需求规范如何发挥多重重叠的作用,以支持动态和灵活的ISD实践。基于这些发现,我们提出了一个识别物体在实践中多重作用的框架
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引用次数: 0
The argumentative salience of technology frames of reference: An analysis of argumentative discourse in the development of a health information exchange initiative 技术参考框架的论证性显著性:对卫生信息交流倡议发展中的论证性话语的分析
IF 6.3 2区 管理学 Q1 INFORMATION SCIENCE & LIBRARY SCIENCE Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.infoandorg.2023.100465
David M. Murungi , Evgeny Káganer

This study examines the impact that the argumentative salience of technology frames of references has on the execution of complex IS implementation projects. It employs Toulmin's argument model to develop argument maps that depict the structure of argumentation that took place during the development and implementation of an interorganizational health information exchange initiative (HIE) that took place in southeast USA. Toulmin's argument model faciliated the portrayal of frame salience in terms of three structural properties (i.e., blindness, indifference, and ownership). The study used these properties to show how the breadth, depth and conspicuity of frame structures changed during the course of the project and demonstrated how these changes impacted both the level of contestation observed in the project as well as project outcomes. In addition to lending insights that are specific to this case, our conceptualization of frame structure lends itself to cross-case comparisons and future theory building as the impact of these argument structures can be evaluated in a multitude of different contexts.

本研究考察了技术参考框架的争论突出性对复杂信息系统实施项目执行的影响。它采用了Toulmin的论证模型来开发论证图,描绘了在美国东南部组织间健康信息交换倡议(HIE)的制定和实施过程中发生的论证结构。图尔明的论证模型从三个结构属性(即盲目性、冷漠性和所有权)的角度简化了对框架显著性的刻画。该研究利用这些特性来展示框架结构的广度、深度和显著性在项目过程中是如何变化的,并展示了这些变化如何影响项目中观察到的争议水平以及项目结果。除了提供本案特有的见解外,我们对框架结构的概念化也有助于跨案例比较和未来的理论构建,因为这些论点结构的影响可以在多种不同的背景下进行评估。
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引用次数: 0
Knowledge monopolies and the innovation divide: A governance perspective 知识垄断与创新鸿沟:治理视角
IF 6.3 2区 管理学 Q1 INFORMATION SCIENCE & LIBRARY SCIENCE Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.infoandorg.2023.100466
Hani Safadi , Richard Thomas Watson

The rise of digital platforms creates knowledge monopolies that threaten innovation. Their power derives from the imposition of data obligations and persistent coupling on platform participation and their usurpation of the rights to data created by other participants to facilitate information asymmetries. Knowledge monopolies can use machine learning to develop competitive insights unavailable to every other platform participant. This information asymmetry stifles innovation, stokes the growth of the monopoly, and reinforces its ascendency. National or regional governance structures, such as laws and regulatory authorities, constrain economic monopolies deemed not in the public interest. We argue the need for legislation and an associated regulatory mechanism to curtail coercive data obligations, control, eliminate data rights exploitation, and prevent mergers and acquisitions that could create or extend knowledge monopolies.

数字平台的兴起造成了威胁创新的知识垄断。他们的权力来源于强加数据义务和对平台参与的持续耦合,以及他们篡夺其他参与者创建的数据权利,以促进信息不对称。知识垄断企业可以利用机器学习来开发其他平台参与者无法获得的竞争洞察力。这种信息不对称抑制了创新,刺激了垄断的增长,并增强了其优势。国家或区域治理结构,如法律和监管机构,限制被认为不符合公共利益的经济垄断。我们认为,需要立法和相关的监管机制来减少强制性数据义务、控制、消除数据权利利用,并防止可能造成或扩大知识垄断的并购。
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引用次数: 2
Past, present and future: A systematic multitechnique bibliometric review of the field of distributed work 过去,现在和未来:分布式工作领域的系统多技术文献计量学综述
IF 6.3 2区 管理学 Q1 INFORMATION SCIENCE & LIBRARY SCIENCE Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.infoandorg.2022.100446
Amadeja Lamovšek, Matej Černe

This review focuses on the growing field of distrubuted work, made even more relevant in light of the current pandemic. Many different definitions, labels, and conceptualizations of distributed work exist, resulting in a fragmented field, threatened by a proliferation of concepts. Prior reviews addressed a limited scope of phenomena or review approaches; are narrative, subjective, or not systematic, lacking objectivity, comprehensiveness, and reproducibility; or are not recent. Our study advances the current overview of the field by presenting a compendious review of the development and current state of the field. We implemented three bibliometric approaches (i.e., co-citation, co-word and bibliographic coupling) and interpreted the results using the “invisible colleges” framework. This produced an integrative and holistic framework of the field of distributed work, portraying its historic development and theoretical background, conceptual space, and nomological net, guiding future research on this and connected research fields.

这篇综述聚焦于日益增长的分布式工作领域,鉴于当前的疫情,这一领域变得更加重要。分布式工作存在许多不同的定义、标签和概念,导致了一个支离破碎的领域,受到概念扩散的威胁。先前的审查涉及范围有限的现象或审查方法;叙述性、主观性或不系统性,缺乏客观性、全面性和再现性;或者不是最近的。我们的研究通过简要回顾该领域的发展和现状,推进了该领域的当前概述。我们采用了三种文献计量方法(即共引、共词和书目耦合),并使用“隐形学院”框架对结果进行了解释。这产生了一个完整的分布式工作领域框架,描绘了其历史发展和理论背景、概念空间和法理网,指导了未来对该领域和相关研究领域的研究。
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引用次数: 2
Data governance and the secondary use of data: The board influence 数据治理和数据的二次使用:董事会的影响
IF 6.3 2区 管理学 Q1 INFORMATION SCIENCE & LIBRARY SCIENCE Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.infoandorg.2023.100447
Stuart Black , Michael Davern , Sean B. Maynard , Humza Nasser

The business analytics and strategic management literatures suggest that organizations should seek to exploit data as a key mechanism for competitive advantage. However, the rules of engagement are evolving, the regulatory landscape is becoming increasingly complex, and examples of poor outcomes are increasingly common. The board – in its role of setting and monitoring risk appetite – needs to be able to govern the risk/reward trade-off of the data asset. Contemporary data governance approaches are inadequate: they are overly rigid and risk oriented, limited in scope to an organization's self-interest rather than considering the broad set of stakeholders, and do not provide a platform for the board to manage this critical risk. This paper uses a unique set of informants – 41 board directors – to demonstrate that differences in board perspectives influence how organizations explore the secondary use of data. Furthermore, this paper identifies a set of relevant individual, organizational and environmental factors and presents empirically based configurations of these factors that lead organizations to consider (or neglect) the secondary use of data as a critical enabler of competitive advantage.

商业分析和战略管理文献表明,组织应该寻求利用数据作为竞争优势的关键机制。然而,参与规则正在演变,监管环境越来越复杂,不良结果的例子越来越常见。董事会在设定和监控风险偏好方面需要能够管理数据资产的风险/回报权衡。当代的数据治理方法是不够的:它们过于僵化和以风险为导向,范围局限于组织的自身利益,而不是考虑广泛的利益相关者,并且没有为董事会管理这一关键风险提供平台。本文使用了一组独特的线人——41名董事会董事——来证明董事会观点的差异会影响组织探索数据二次使用的方式。此外,本文确定了一组相关的个人、组织和环境因素,并提出了这些因素的基于经验的配置,这些因素导致组织考虑(或忽视)将数据的二次使用作为竞争优势的关键促成因素。
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引用次数: 2
Achieving voluntary data sharing in cross sector partnerships: Three partnership models 在跨部门伙伴关系中实现自愿数据共享:三种伙伴关系模式
IF 6.3 2区 管理学 Q1 INFORMATION SCIENCE & LIBRARY SCIENCE Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.infoandorg.2023.100448
Iryna Susha , Boriana Rukanova , Anneke Zuiderwijk , J. Ramon Gil-Garcia , Mila Gasco Hernandez

The complex societal problems that we face today require unprecedented collaboration and evidence-based decisions. These collaboration processes are further propelled by the datafication of virtually all spheres of public life. To benefit from this, the data needs to be made available to allow for data analytics. Thus, data sharing becomes a crucial aspect of cross-sector collaborations that aim to create and capture value from information. Compared to collaborations where data sharing is not the main goal, data sharing partnerships face a number of novel challenges, such as mitigating data risks, complying with data protection legislation, and ensuring responsible data use. Navigating these waters and achieving data sharing can be challenging for both governments and businesses, as well as other actors. How do organizations from different sectors manage to achieve data sharing for addressing societal challenges? To address this research question, we apply a framework of three models of cross sector social partnerships developed in the field of organization studies to structure the analysis of six cases. Our analysis suggests that to a certain extent the partnership model determines the types of drivers and challenges to sharing data in a partnership. Leveraging the drivers and anticipating these challenges can help organizations be more aware of key terms of the collaboration and the mechanisms that can be used to succeed in their partnership goals.

我们今天面临的复杂社会问题需要前所未有的合作和循证决策。几乎所有公共生活领域的数据化都进一步推动了这些协作过程。为了从中受益,需要提供数据以进行数据分析。因此,数据共享成为旨在从信息中创造和获取价值的跨部门合作的一个关键方面。与数据共享不是主要目标的合作相比,数据共享伙伴关系面临着许多新的挑战,如降低数据风险、遵守数据保护立法和确保负责任的数据使用。驾驭这些水域并实现数据共享对政府、企业以及其他参与者来说都是一项挑战。来自不同部门的组织如何实现数据共享以应对社会挑战?为了解决这一研究问题,我们应用了在组织研究领域开发的三种跨部门社会伙伴关系模型的框架来构建对六个案例的分析。我们的分析表明,在一定程度上,合作伙伴关系模式决定了合作伙伴关系中共享数据的驱动因素和挑战的类型。利用驱动因素并预测这些挑战可以帮助组织更好地了解合作的关键条款以及可用于成功实现合作目标的机制。
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引用次数: 4
The social dilemma of big data: Donating personal data to promote social welfare 大数据的社会困境:捐赠个人数据促进社会福利
IF 6.3 2区 管理学 Q1 INFORMATION SCIENCE & LIBRARY SCIENCE Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.infoandorg.2023.100452
Kirsten Hillebrand , Lars Hornuf , Benjamin Müller , Daniel Vrankar

When using digital devices and services, individuals provide their personal data to organizations in exchange for gains in various domains of life. Organizations use these data to run technologies such as smart assistants, augmented reality, and robotics. Most often, these organizations seek to make a profit. Individuals can, however, also provide personal data to public databases that enable nonprofit organizations to promote social welfare if sufficient data are contributed. Regulators have therefore called for efficient ways to help the public collectively benefit from its own data. By implementing an online experiment among 1696 US citizens, we find that individuals would donate their data even when at risk of getting leaked. The willingness to provide personal data depends on the perceived risk level of a data leak but not on a realistic impact of the data on social welfare. Individuals are less willing to donate their data to the private industry than to academia or the government. Finally, individuals are not sensitive to whether the data are processed by a human-supervised or a self-learning smart assistant.

在使用数字设备和服务时,个人将其个人数据提供给组织,以换取生活各个领域的收益。组织使用这些数据来运行智能助理、增强现实和机器人等技术。这些组织往往寻求盈利。然而,如果提供了足够的数据,个人也可以向公共数据库提供个人数据,使非营利组织能够促进社会福利。因此,监管机构呼吁以有效的方式帮助公众从自己的数据中集体受益。通过在1696名美国公民中进行一项在线实验,我们发现,即使有被泄露的风险,个人也会捐赠他们的数据。提供个人数据的意愿取决于数据泄露的感知风险水平,但不取决于数据对社会福利的现实影响。与学术界或政府相比,个人更不愿意将数据捐赠给私营企业。最后,个人对数据是由人工监督还是由自学习智能助理处理并不敏感。
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引用次数: 0
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