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Recalling more each time: context change effects in hypermnesia. 每次回忆更多内容:超健忘症的语境变化效应。
IF 1.7 4区 心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL Pub Date : 2024-11-08 DOI: 10.1007/s10339-024-01240-x
Phillip N Goernert, Hannah T Corenblum, Barry S Corenblum

Hypermnesia, the increase in recall over trials without relearning or re-exposure to the studied items, has intrigued researchers since Ballard first reported the effect in 1913. In the typical hypermnesia study, additional retrieval trials are unexpected, and when announced, may induce context changes that re-focuses attention and effort on retrieving unrecalled items. The present studies examined the effects of context change on retrieval by telling some participants prior to study (trials-known condition) that three trials will be given to recall line drawings (Experiment 1) or words (Experiment 2) whereas others were not so informed (hypermnesia condition). Results of Experiment 1 revealed hypermnesia but no between-group differences on the sub-processes of item gains, losses, or intrusions. In Experiment 2, hypermnesia and between-group differences were found for item gains and intrusions, results that were marginally significant when data were aggregated across both experiments. Results are discussed in terms of the change in cue set hypothesis (Raaijmakers & Shiffrin, 1980) and the effects of internal and external context changes on hypermnesia. Suggestions for future studies are also presented.

自巴拉德于 1913 年首次报告超忆效应以来,研究人员一直对超忆效应(即在没有重新学习或重新接触所学项目的情况下,通过试验增加回忆)感到好奇。在典型的超忆研究中,额外的检索试验是意料之外的,一旦宣布,可能会引起情境变化,从而将注意力和精力重新集中到检索未被检索的项目上。本研究考察了情境变化对检索的影响,方法是在研究前告诉一些参与者(已知试验条件),将给他们三次试验来回忆线图(实验 1)或单词(实验 2),而其他参与者则不被告知(过度遗忘条件)。实验 1 的结果显示了过度遗忘,但在项目获得、丢失或侵入等子过程上没有组间差异。在实验 2 中,在项目收益和闯入方面发现了超健忘症和组间差异,将两个实验的数据汇总后,结果略有显著性。本文从线索集变化假说(Raaijmakers 和 Shiffrin,1980 年)以及内部和外部情境变化对过度记忆的影响两个方面对实验结果进行了讨论。此外,还对未来的研究提出了建议。
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引用次数: 0
Impaired emotional multimodal integration in inhibition of return in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. 注意缺陷/多动障碍儿童在抑制返回过程中的情绪多模式整合能力受损。
IF 1.7 4区 心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL Pub Date : 2024-11-05 DOI: 10.1007/s10339-024-01241-w
Jiaqi Wang, Yan Chen, Yue'e Zhang, Shizhong Cai, Aijun Wang, Ming Zhang

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder in children. Previous studies have shown that children with ADHD have impaired processing of emotional stimuli, but it is unclear whether their ability to integrate multimodal emotional stimuli is impaired and at which processing pathway this impairment exists. The present study investigated the ability of children with ADHD to integrate emotional audiovisual stimuli under different emotional conditions, and the effect of audiovisual integration on IOR to reveal the impaired processing pathway of their emotional audiovisual integration. Fifty-eight school-age children (29 with ADHD and 29 matched typically developing (TD) children) performed an emotional valence discrimination task with a cue-target paradigm. The results showed that children with ADHD did not exhibit audiovisual integration of emotional stimuli in all experimental conditions. In addition, the IOR effect was significantly smaller for audiovisual targets than for visual targets under the negative but not the neutral emotion condition in children with ADHD, whereas this effect was present in all emotion conditions in TD children. These results indicate that the ability to integrate emotional audiovisual information is impaired in children with ADHD and this impairment exists in both bottom-up and top-down pathways. Additionally, although presenting emotional auditory stimuli at the same time as emotional faces reduced IOR both in children with ADHD and TD, the manner of reduction differed. These findings provide new evidence of emotional processing deficits and multimodal integration deficits in children with ADHD, and help provide support for children in educational settings.

注意力缺陷/多动症(ADHD)是一种常见的儿童神经发育障碍。以往的研究表明,多动症儿童对情绪刺激的处理能力受损,但他们整合多模态情绪刺激的能力是否受损,以及这种受损存在于哪种处理途径,目前尚不清楚。本研究调查了多动症儿童在不同情绪条件下整合情绪视听刺激的能力,以及视听整合对IOR的影响,以揭示其情绪视听整合受损的处理途径。58 名学龄儿童(29 名多动症儿童和 29 名与之匹配的典型发育(TD)儿童)在线索-目标范式下完成了情绪价位辨别任务。结果显示,在所有实验条件下,多动症儿童都没有表现出对情绪刺激的视听整合。此外,在负面情绪条件下,ADHD 儿童对视听目标的 IOR 效应明显小于对视觉目标的 IOR 效应,而在中性情绪条件下,TD 儿童对视听目标的 IOR 效应明显小于对视觉目标的 IOR 效应。这些结果表明,ADHD 儿童整合情绪视听信息的能力受到了损害,而且这种损害同时存在于自下而上和自上而下的通路中。此外,虽然与情绪面孔同时呈现情绪听觉刺激会降低多动症儿童和TD儿童的IOR,但降低的方式有所不同。这些发现为多动症儿童的情绪处理缺陷和多模态整合缺陷提供了新的证据,有助于为教育环境中的儿童提供支持。
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引用次数: 0
The relationship between mindfulness and cognitive reappraisal: the mediating role of emotional and interoceptive awareness. 正念与认知再评价之间的关系:情绪和感知间意识的中介作用。
IF 1.7 4区 心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL Pub Date : 2024-11-05 DOI: 10.1007/s10339-024-01246-5
Yuan Pang, Barry Tse, Wen Liu, Qian Yang

Mindfulness and cognitive reappraisal have been recognized as two useful ways to regulate emotions. The former tends to cultivate an attitude of being open and accepting of emotional events; whereas the latter involves a top-down process of re-interpreting emotional events. However, it is unclear how mindfulness influences cognitive reappraisal. Hence, the current study mainly addressed this research issue by exploring the mediating role of emotional and interoceptive awareness. 372 participants were asked to report dispositional mindfulness, cognitive reappraisal, emotional awareness, and interoceptive awareness by means of corresponding questionnaires. First, we performed the Pearson Correlations among the four factors, then assessed the mediating role of emotional awareness and interoceptive awareness in the link between mindfulness and cognitive reappraisal in separated models. Last, we used structural equation modeling (SEM) to investigate the link when both emotional and interoceptive awareness acted as the mediating variables. Results showed that mindfulness was negatively correlated with cognitive reappraisal, emotional awareness, and interoceptive awareness; whereas emotional awareness, interoceptive awareness, and cognitive reappraisal were positively correlated with each other. Moreover, increased mindfulness had a significantly negative effect on cognitive reappraisal, by reducing emotional and interoceptive awareness separately or successively. Except for the No-worrying factor, the remaining seven factors of interoceptive awareness were significantly loaded onto the latent variable. The result reveals the negative relationship between mindfulness and cognitive reappraisal. This link is mediated by one's emotional awareness and interoceptive awareness independently or successively, which may reflect the intensity of externally-emotional reactivity that signify the need to regulate emotions by means of cognitive reappraisal.

正念和认知再评价被认为是调节情绪的两种有效方法。前者倾向于培养一种开放和接受情绪事件的态度;而后者则涉及一个自上而下重新解释情绪事件的过程。然而,正念如何影响认知再评价尚不清楚。因此,本研究主要通过探讨情绪意识和内感知意识的中介作用来解决这一研究问题。通过相应的问卷调查,372 名参与者被要求报告正念、认知再评价、情绪意识和感知间意识的倾向性。首先,我们对这四个因素进行了皮尔逊相关性分析,然后在分离模型中评估了情绪意识和感知间意识在正念和认知重评之间的中介作用。最后,我们使用结构方程模型(SEM)研究了情绪意识和感知间意识作为中介变量时的联系。结果表明,正念与认知再评价、情绪意识和感知间意识呈负相关;而情绪意识、感知间意识和认知再评价则呈正相关。此外,正念的增加对认知再评价有显著的负面影响,因为正念的增加会分别或先后降低情绪意识和感知间意识。除 "无忧 "因子外,其余七个感知间意识因子都被显著加载到潜变量上。结果显示,正念与认知再评价之间存在负相关。这种联系是由一个人的情绪意识和感知间意识单独或先后起中介作用的,这可能反映了外部情绪反应的强度,表明需要通过认知重评来调节情绪。
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引用次数: 0
The impact of fear of pain on the temporal processing of emotional faces: modulation of attentional resources. 对疼痛的恐惧对情绪面孔时间处理的影响:注意力资源的调节。
IF 1.7 4区 心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL Pub Date : 2024-11-05 DOI: 10.1007/s10339-024-01243-8
Panpan Zheng, Zhenyong Lyu

Recent research has focused on the spatial attention bias toward pain-related cues in individuals with fear of pain (FOP), but our understanding of its temporal attention features, particularly regarding emotional faces, is limited. To address this gap, 39 individuals with high fear of pain (H-FOP) and 37 with low fear of pain (L-FOP) completed a rapid serial visual presentation dual task. Participants viewed a series of rapidly presented pictures, first identified neutral building images as the first target (T1) and then emotional faces (painful, neutral, and happy) as the second target (T2). T1 and T2 presented at time intervals of 232 ms (lag 2) and 696 ms (lag 6), respectively. Results indicate that H-FOP group members were less accurate in recognizing faces at lag 2 shortly after correctly identifying T1 compared to those L-FOP group members. Notably, all participants were more accurate in recognizing painful faces at lag 2 than in identifying neutral and happy faces, suggesting a negative bias toward pain stimuli when attentional resources were limited. In contrast, at lag 6, when attentional resources were more abundant, participants showed greater accuracy in recognizing neutral faces than emotional faces. These findings underscore the influence of fear of pain and available cognitive resources on the attentional processing of emotional faces over time, providing insights into how fear of pain affects the temporal dynamics of emotional face recognition and the role of attentional resources.

最近的研究主要关注怕痛症(FOP)患者对疼痛相关线索的空间注意偏向,但我们对其时间注意特征,尤其是对情绪面孔的时间注意特征的了解还很有限。为了弥补这一不足,39 名高度疼痛恐惧患者(H-FOP)和 37 名低度疼痛恐惧患者(L-FOP)完成了一项快速连续视觉呈现双重任务。受试者观看一系列快速呈现的图片,首先识别出中性建筑图像作为第一个目标(T1),然后识别出情绪面孔(痛苦、中性和快乐)作为第二个目标(T2)。T1 和 T2 的呈现时间间隔分别为 232 毫秒(滞后 2 秒)和 696 毫秒(滞后 6 秒)。结果表明,与 L-FOP 组的参与者相比,H-FOP 组的参与者在正确识别 T1 后不久,在滞后期 2 识别人脸的准确性较低。值得注意的是,与识别中性和快乐的人脸相比,所有参与者在滞后 2 期识别痛苦人脸的准确性都更高,这表明在注意资源有限的情况下,人们对痛苦刺激产生了负面偏向。相反,在注意资源更丰富的第 6 个滞后期,参与者识别中性面孔的准确性高于识别情绪面孔。这些发现强调了对疼痛的恐惧和可用认知资源对情绪化面孔的注意加工随时间变化的影响,为了解对疼痛的恐惧如何影响情绪化面孔识别的时间动态以及注意资源的作用提供了见解。
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引用次数: 0
The effects of cognitive training on driving performance. 认知训练对驾驶性能的影响。
IF 1.7 4区 心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL Pub Date : 2024-11-04 DOI: 10.1007/s10339-024-01245-6
Jose L Tapia, David Sánchez-Borda, Jon Andoni Duñabeitia

Driving is a complex task necessitating an intricate interplay of sensory, motor, and cognitive abilities. Extensive research has underscored the role of neurocognitive functions, including attention, memory, executive functions, and visuospatial skills, in driving safety and performance. Despite evidence suggesting cognitive training's potential in enhancing driving abilities, comprehensive cognitive training's impact on driving performance in young adult drivers remains unexplored. Our study aimed to fill this gap by implementing an intensive, 8-week, multidomain computerized cognitive training program and assessing its transfer effects on the driving performance of young adult drivers, using a high-fidelity simulator. The study employed a randomized controlled trial design, with passive control group. The mixed-design analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed a notable interaction between the time of testing and the respective participant groups concerning driving performance. Post hoc analyses showed that, compared to the control group, participants undergoing cognitive training demonstrated significantly fewer traffic infractions in the post-training evaluation. These findings suggest that cognitive training could be a useful tool for enhancing driving safety and performance in young adult drivers. Further research should aim to address the limitations posed by the absence of an active control group.

驾驶是一项复杂的任务,需要感官、运动和认知能力的密切配合。大量研究强调了神经认知功能在驾驶安全和驾驶表现中的作用,包括注意力、记忆力、执行功能和视觉空间技能。尽管有证据表明认知训练在提高驾驶能力方面具有潜力,但全面认知训练对年轻成年驾驶员驾驶表现的影响仍有待探索。我们的研究旨在填补这一空白,通过使用高保真模拟器,实施为期 8 周的强化多领域计算机化认知训练计划,并评估其对年轻成年驾驶员驾驶表现的转移效应。研究采用了随机对照试验设计,设有被动对照组。混合设计方差分析(ANOVA)显示,测试时间与各参与组的驾驶表现之间存在明显的交互作用。事后分析表明,与对照组相比,接受认知训练的学员在训练后评估中的交通违规行为明显减少。这些研究结果表明,认知训练是提高年轻成年驾驶员驾驶安全和驾驶表现的有效工具。进一步的研究应着眼于解决缺乏积极对照组所带来的局限性。
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引用次数: 0
On the relationship between subjective decision criteria and paranoid ideations. 主观判断标准与妄想症之间的关系。
IF 1.7 4区 心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-26 DOI: 10.1007/s10339-024-01204-1
Svetoslav Bliznashki

Following the conjecture made by (Bliznashki and Hristova in Appetite 167:105645, 2021), we test the hypothesis that liberal subjective decision criteria exhibited during a task involving discrimination between random and systematically correlated patterns should be associated with elevated levels of paranoid ideations. Study 1 establishes the proposed association in the presence of several control measures while also demonstrating that the relationship in question is significantly moderated by subjects' working memory spans and tendencies to be overconfident in their judgments. Study 2 provides further evidence that these effects are indeed specific to tasks involving discrimination between random and systematic patterns and that the observed results are not due to some form of (anti) acquiescence bias or other general trends. Certain specifics of the correlation matrices involving cognitive measures significantly related to the paranoia continuum suggest that our results are consistent with the Entropic Brain Hypothesis. Finally, a simulation study employing a Neural Network demonstrates that increased entropy and liberal decision criteria might be connected to each other with said connection being amenable to an interpretation within the Bayesian paradigm.

根据(Bliznashki 和 Hristova,载于《食欲》167:105645,2021 年)的猜想,我们检验了这样一个假设:在一项涉及随机模式和系统相关模式之间判别的任务中,受试者表现出的宽松主观决策标准应与偏执想法水平的升高有关。研究 1 在几项控制测量中证实了所提出的关联,同时也证明了受试者的工作记忆时间跨度和过度自信的判断倾向对这种关系有显著的调节作用。研究 2 提供了进一步的证据,证明这些效应确实是特定于涉及随机和系统模式辨别的任务,而且观察到的结果并不是由于某种形式的(反)默许偏差或其他一般趋势造成的。涉及与妄想症连续性显著相关的认知测量的相关矩阵的某些细节表明,我们的结果与熵脑假说是一致的。最后,一项利用神经网络进行的模拟研究表明,熵增加与自由决策标准之间可能存在联系,这种联系可以在贝叶斯范式中得到解释。
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引用次数: 0
Mirror game as a tool to influence interpersonal spontaneous behavior after performance. 镜像游戏是一种影响表演后人际自发行为的工具。
IF 1.7 4区 心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-08 DOI: 10.1007/s10339-024-01205-0
Alexandre Coutté, Nicolas Margas, Loïc P Heurley

Mirror game (MG) is an exercise in which participants imitate each other. Our study explored its spontaneous behavioral consequences after performance. In a baseline (BL) phase, two participants performed a joint Simon task. Then, they performed a lure task during which we measured the interpersonal distance they spontaneously adopted. The BL phase was followed by two phases (in counterbalanced order). The MG phase started with a MG, before a procedure like the BL phase. The individual movement (IM) phase started with movements performed alone before a procedure like the BL phase. Interpersonal distance analysis suggested that MG enhanced spontaneous approach toward the partner, whereas IM induced spontaneous avoidance. Moreover, the joint Simon effect (JSE) tended to be smaller after IM, suggesting a decreasing inclination to integrate the partner's response in one's own action plan. Furthermore, in IM phase, JSE decreased as interpersonal distance increased.

镜像游戏(MG)是一种参与者相互模仿的练习。我们的研究探讨了它在表演后产生的自发行为后果。在基线(BL)阶段,两名参与者共同完成一项西蒙任务。然后,他们进行了一次引诱任务,在此期间,我们测量了他们自发采取的人际距离。基线阶段之后是两个阶段(按平衡顺序)。MG 阶段以 MG 开始,然后是类似 BL 阶段的程序。个人动作(IM)阶段则是在类似 BL 阶段的程序之前,先单独做动作。人际距离分析表明,MG 增强了对同伴的自发接近,而 IM 则诱发了自发回避。此外,联合西蒙效应(JSE)在 IM 阶段后趋于减弱,这表明将同伴的反应整合到自己的行动计划中的倾向在减弱。此外,在即时通讯阶段,随着人际距离的增加,联合西蒙效应也会降低。
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引用次数: 0
Sex/gender differences in general cognitive abilities: an investigation using the Leiter-3. 一般认知能力的性别差异:使用 Leiter-3 进行的调查。
IF 1.7 4区 心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-15 DOI: 10.1007/s10339-024-01199-9
David Giofrè, Enrico Toffalini, Lorenzo Esposito, Cesare Cornoldi

Research has shown that differences between males and females are not in general intelligence, but only in some specific factors and tasks. We used the Italian standardization of the Leiter-3, which is a completely nonverbal cognitive battery, to investigate the nature of sex/gender (we used sex/gender to reflect the awareness that the effects of biological 'sex' and socially constructed 'gender' cannot be easily separated and that most individuals' identities are informed by both sex and gender) differences. In doing so we used a multigroup confirmatory factor analysis approach. Results confirmed that males and females perform similarly in general intelligence, but present with some specificities. Males perform better on some, but not all, tasks requiring the spatial manipulation of the stimuli, but females consistently outperform males in tasks such as the nonverbal Stroop, requiring inhibition and attention control to a larger extent. The clinical and practical implications of our findings are considerable. The identification of specific cognitive strengths and weaknesses in males and females underscores the importance of tailored approaches in clinical assessments and interventions.

研究表明,男性和女性之间的差异不在于一般智力,而在于某些特定因素和任务。我们利用意大利的莱特-3(Leiter-3)标准化测验(这是一个完全非言语的认知测验)来研究性/性别差异的本质(我们使用性/性别来反映生物 "性 "和社会构建的 "性别 "的影响不容易分开,大多数人的身份都同时受到性和性别的影响)。为此,我们采用了多组确认性因素分析方法。结果证实,男性和女性在一般智力方面的表现相似,但存在一些特殊性。男性在一些(但不是所有)需要对刺激物进行空间操作的任务中表现更好,但女性在非言语 Stroop 等任务中的表现一直优于男性,这些任务对抑制和注意力控制的要求更高。我们的研究结果具有重要的临床和实践意义。我们发现了男性和女性在认知方面的具体强项和弱项,这凸显了在临床评估和干预中采取有针对性的方法的重要性。
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引用次数: 0
Mental simulation of colour properties during language comprehension: influence of context and comprehension stages. 语言理解过程中对颜色属性的心理模拟:语境和理解阶段的影响。
IF 1.7 4区 心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-08 DOI: 10.1007/s10339-024-01201-4
Donglin Liu, Lijuan Wang, Ying Han

Many studies have shown that mental simulation may occur during language comprehension. Supporting evidence is derived from the matching effects in the sentence-picture verification (SPV) task often used to assess mental simulations of object properties, such as size, orientation, and shape. However, mixed results have been obtained regarding object colour, with researchers reporting matching or mismatching effects. This study investigated the impact of colour information clarity within sentences on the process of mental simulation during language comprehension. Employing the SPV task and using novel objects, we examined whether there is a mental simulation of colour after excluding typical/atypical colour bias and how varying levels of colour information clarity in sentences influence the emergence of matching effects at different stages of comprehension. To address these issues, we conducted two experiments. In Experiment 1, the participants read normal sentences and subsequently engaged in picture verification with a novel object after a 500 ms delay. In Experiment 2, the participants encountered sentences containing both clear and unclear colour information and, after either a 0 ms or 1500 ms interval, completed picture verification tasks with a novel object. Null effects were found in the 500 ms condition for normal sentences and the 0 ms condition for unclear colour information sentences. A mismatching effect appeared in the 0 ms condition after clear colour information sentences, and a matching effect appeared in the 1500 ms condition for all sentences. The results indicated that after excluding colour bias, the participants still formed mental simulations of colour during language comprehension. Our results also indicated that ongoing colour simulation with time pressure impacted the participant responses. The participants ignored unclear colour information under time pressure, but without time pressure, they constructed simulations that were as detailed as possible, regardless of whether the implicit colour information in the sentence was clear.

许多研究表明,心理模拟可能发生在语言理解过程中。句子-图片验证(SPV)任务中的匹配效应就是佐证,该任务通常用于评估对物体属性(如大小、方向和形状)的心理模拟。然而,关于物体颜色的研究结果却不尽相同,研究人员报告了匹配或不匹配效应。本研究调查了句子中颜色信息的清晰度对语言理解过程中心理模拟的影响。我们采用 SPV 任务并使用新颖的对象,考察了在排除典型/典型颜色偏差后是否存在对颜色的心理模拟,以及句子中不同程度的颜色信息清晰度如何影响不同理解阶段匹配效应的出现。为了解决这些问题,我们进行了两项实验。在实验 1 中,被试阅读正常句子,然后在延迟 500 毫秒后与一个新物体进行图片验证。在实验 2 中,被试阅读了包含清晰和不清晰颜色信息的句子,在 0 毫秒或 1500 毫秒的间隔后,完成了与新物体的图片验证任务。在 500 毫秒条件下,正常句子出现无效效应;在 0 毫秒条件下,颜色信息不清晰的句子出现无效效应。颜色信息清晰的句子在 0 毫秒条件下出现了不匹配效应,而所有句子在 1500 毫秒条件下都出现了匹配效应。结果表明,在排除了颜色偏差之后,被试在语言理解过程中仍然形成了对颜色的心理模拟。我们的结果还表明,时间压力下的持续颜色模拟影响了被试的反应。在时间压力下,被试忽略了不明确的颜色信息,但在没有时间压力的情况下,无论句子中的隐含颜色信息是否明确,被试都会构建尽可能详细的模拟。
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引用次数: 0
Emotional text messages affect the early processing of emoticons depending on their emotional congruence: evidence from the N170 and EPN event related potentials. 情感文本信息根据其情感一致性影响表情符号的早期处理:来自 N170 和 EPN 事件相关电位的证据。
IF 1.7 4区 心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL Pub Date : 2024-11-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-24 DOI: 10.1007/s10339-024-01223-y
Nerea Aldunate, Vladimir López, Felipe Rojas-Thomas, Mario Villena-González, Ismael Palacios, Claudio Artigas, Eugenio Rodríguez, Conrado A Bosman

Emoticons have been considered pragmatic cues that enhance emotional expressivity during computer-mediated communication. Yet, it is unclear how emoticons are processed in ambiguous text-based communication due to incongruences between the emoticon's emotional valence and its context. In this study, we investigated the electrophysiological correlates of contextual influence on the early emotional processing of emoticons, during an emotional congruence judgment task. Participants were instructed to judge the congruence between a text message expressing an emotional situation (positive or negative), and a subsequent emoticon expressing positive or negative emotions. We analyzed early event-related potentials elicited by emoticons related to face processing (N170) and emotional salience in visual perception processing (Early Posterior Negativity, EPN). Our results show that accuracy and Reaction Times depend on the interaction between the emotional valence of the context and the emoticon. Negative emoticons elicited a larger N170, suggesting that the emotional information of the emoticon is integrated at the early stages of the perceptual process. During emoticon processing, a valence effect was observed with enhanced EPN amplitudes in occipital areas for emoticons representing negative valences. Moreover, we observed a congruence effect in parieto-temporal sites within the same time-window, with larger amplitudes for the congruent condition. We conclude that, similar to face processing, emoticons are processed differently according to their emotional content and the context in which they are embedded. A congruent context might enhance the emotional salience of the emoticon (and therefore, its emotional expression) during the early stages of their processing.

表情符号一直被认为是计算机辅助交流中增强情感表达的实用线索。然而,由于表情符号的情感价位与其语境不一致,人们还不清楚表情符号在模棱两可的文本交流中是如何被处理的。在这项研究中,我们研究了在情绪一致性判断任务中,语境对表情符号早期情绪处理影响的电生理学相关性。参与者被要求判断一条表达情绪状况(积极或消极)的短信与随后一个表达积极或消极情绪的表情符号之间的一致性。我们分析了表情符号引起的早期事件相关电位,这些电位与人脸处理(N170)和视觉感知处理中的情绪显著性(早期后负性,EPN)有关。我们的研究结果表明,准确率和反应时间取决于情境和表情符号的情绪价值之间的相互作用。负面表情符号会引起较大的 N170,这表明表情符号的情绪信息在知觉过程的早期阶段就被整合了。在表情符号处理过程中,我们观察到了一种情绪效应,即代表负面情绪的表情符号在枕叶区的 EPN 振幅增强。此外,我们还在同一时间窗内的顶颞部位观察到了一致效应,一致条件下的振幅更大。我们的结论是,与脸部处理类似,表情符号也会根据其情感内容和所处的情境而得到不同的处理。在表情符号处理的早期阶段,一致的情境可能会增强表情符号的情绪显著性(因此也会增强其情绪表达)。
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引用次数: 0
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Cognitive Processing
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