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Fintech and financial stability: Evidence from spatial analysis for 25 countries 金融科技与金融稳定:25 个国家的空间分析证据
IF 4 2区 经济学 Q1 BUSINESS, FINANCE Pub Date : 2024-05-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.intfin.2024.102002
Barbara Koranteng, Kefei You

Fintech has experienced rapid advances in recent years. This study examines the impact of Fintech on financial stability for a group of 25 countries during 2013–2020. We adopt the novel Fintech-enabled financing volume to directly measure Fintech development. We utilise both the aggregate and disaggregated level of Fintech financing; the latter includes crowdfunding, business lending and consumer lending, each has a different funding process and default rates. We account for spatial dependence in financial stability across countries by employing various spatial models. Our findings first reveal that there is positive spatial dependence of financial stability across countries. It implies that financial stability has a positive spillover to neighbouring countries and validates the necessity of spatial analysis. Second, based on the Spatial Durbin Model which best describes our data, Fintech financing makes a positive local and cross-border contribution towards financial stability, irrespective of alternative weight matrices and sample sizes. Such positive impact is more profound in countries with smaller sizes of Fintech financing volume, and the cross-border effect is stronger with closer geographic proximity. Finally, crowdfunding enhances financial stability, whilst consumer lending has a contrasting destabilising effect.

近年来,金融科技突飞猛进。本研究探讨了 2013-2020 年间金融科技对 25 个国家金融稳定的影响。我们采用新颖的金融科技融资额来直接衡量金融科技的发展。我们同时采用了金融科技融资的总量和分类水平;后者包括众筹、商业借贷和消费借贷,每种借贷都有不同的融资流程和违约率。我们采用各种空间模型来解释各国金融稳定性的空间依赖性。我们的研究结果首先揭示了各国金融稳定性的正空间依赖性。这意味着金融稳定性对邻国具有正溢出效应,验证了空间分析的必要性。其次,根据最能描述我们数据的空间杜宾模型,无论采用何种权重矩阵和样本大小,金融科技融资都会对本地和跨境金融稳定做出积极贡献。在金融科技融资规模较小的国家,这种积极影响更为深远,而地理位置越接近,跨境效应越强。最后,众筹融资增强了金融稳定性,而消费贷款则具有相反的不稳定效应。
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引用次数: 0
Corporate integrity culture and credit rating assessment 企业诚信文化和信用评级评估
IF 4 2区 经济学 Q1 BUSINESS, FINANCE Pub Date : 2024-05-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.intfin.2024.102007
Xin Bao , Meini Han , Raymond Lau , Xiaowei Xu

Recent research has started to acknowledge the vital role of soft information in shaping credit rating outcomes. We extend this literature by investigating the effect of corporate integrity culture on the credit rating process and document a significant positive relationship between a culture of integrity and corporate credit ratings. We further show that this relationship is from both an indirect effect of integrity on a reduced financial risk, and a direct effect of integrity in signalling the creditworthiness of the underlying firm. When an alternative signalling device, such as firm reputation, earnings management activity, and Carbon Disclosure Project involvement, contradicts with integrity culture, integrity is no longer a significant predictor of credit ratings. Our results suggest that corporate culture plays an important role in the credit rating assessment process.

最近的研究开始承认软信息在影响信用评级结果方面的重要作用。我们通过研究企业诚信文化对信用评级过程的影响,对这一文献进行了扩展,并记录了诚信文化与企业信用评级之间的显著正相关关系。我们进一步证明,这种关系既来自诚信对降低财务风险的间接影响,也来自诚信对相关公司信用度的直接影响。当公司声誉、收益管理活动和碳披露项目参与等替代信号与诚信文化相抵触时,诚信不再是信用评级的重要预测因素。我们的研究结果表明,企业文化在信用评级评估过程中发挥着重要作用。
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引用次数: 0
Do natural disasters affect stock price crash risk? Evidence from emerging markets 自然灾害会影响股价暴跌风险吗?新兴市场的证据
IF 4 2区 经济学 Q1 BUSINESS, FINANCE Pub Date : 2024-05-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.intfin.2024.102001
Rui Zhao , Dayong Zhang , Mengmeng Guo

This study shows a significantly positive relationship between natural disasters and firm-level stock price crash risk using a sample of listed firms from emerging markets.The channel tests suggest that natural disasters affect crash risk by increasing corporate risk-taking, dampening firm fundamentals, and aggravating bad news hoarding. The research further identifies that the effect of natural disasters on crash risk is moderated by country-level and firm-level characteristics. Overall, our findings contribute to a broader understanding of the economic outcomes of natural disasters in emerging markets.

本研究以新兴市场的上市公司为样本,显示了自然灾害与公司层面的股价暴跌风险之间存在明显的正相关关系。渠道检验表明,自然灾害通过增加公司风险承担、抑制公司基本面以及加剧坏消息囤积来影响股价暴跌风险。研究进一步发现,自然灾害对崩盘风险的影响受国家层面和公司层面特征的调节。总之,我们的研究结果有助于更广泛地理解自然灾害对新兴市场经济的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Exchange rate, distribution, and outward direct investment 汇率、分配和对外直接投资
IF 4 2区 经济学 Q1 BUSINESS, FINANCE Pub Date : 2024-04-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.intfin.2024.101997
Wei Tian

This paper examines the impact of exchange rate movements on firm outward direct investment (ODI), by taking into account the heterogeneous effects between distribution and production ODI. Overall, homecurrency depreciation tends to increase ODI due, in large part, to the growing emergence of distribution ODI as predicted by a theoretical model. Using rich Chinese firm-level ODI decision data over the period between 2000 and 2008, the intensive empirical search shows strong supports to the model prediction on the complementary relationship between distribution ODI and export. In response to home depreciation, Chinese firms set up more distribution trade affiliates to promote exports. Such results are robust to different econometric methodologies, empirical specifications, and time spans.

本文研究了汇率变动对企业对外直接投资(ODI)的影响,并考虑了分销型和生产型 ODI 之间的异质性影响。总体而言,本币贬值倾向于增加对外直接投资,这在很大程度上是由于理论模型所预测的分销型对外直接投资的日益兴起。利用 2000 年至 2008 年期间丰富的中国企业层面的 ODI 决策数据,深入的实证研究表明,模型预测的分销 ODI 与出口之间的互补关系得到了有力支持。为应对国内贬值,中国企业设立了更多分销贸易子公司以促进出口。这些结果在不同的计量经济学方法、经验规格和时间跨度下都是稳健的。
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引用次数: 0
World ESG performance and economic activity 世界环境、社会和公司治理绩效与经济活动
IF 4 2区 经济学 Q1 BUSINESS, FINANCE Pub Date : 2024-04-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.intfin.2024.101996
Timotheos Angelidis , Athanasios Michairinas , Athanasios Sakkas

Using data from forty-six developed and emerging markets, we show that a world-based environmental, social, and governance index (ESGI) provides useful information about future economic activity in- and out-of-sample. A relatively high increase in ESGI predicts a decrease (increase) in future economic activity in the short (long) term. We document that the environmental, social, and governance components of ESGI contribute to the predictability of economic activity. Our results have significant implications for policymakers to advise firms to adopt better ESG practices.

利用来自 46 个发达市场和新兴市场的数据,我们表明,基于全球的环境、社会和治理指数(ESGI)提供了有关样本内和样本外未来经济活动的有用信息。环境、社会和治理指数的相对较高增幅可预测未来短期(长期)经济活动的减少(增加)。我们发现,ESGI 中的环境、社会和治理要素有助于预测经济活动。我们的研究结果对政策制定者建议企业采用更好的 ESG 实践具有重要意义。
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引用次数: 0
Dividend policy under mandatory ESG reporting 强制性环境、社会和公司治理报告下的股利政策
IF 4 2区 经济学 Q1 BUSINESS, FINANCE Pub Date : 2024-04-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.intfin.2024.101986
Xiaoqi Chen , Weiping Li , Wouter Torsin , Albert Tsang

Governments and stock exchanges worldwide are increasingly mandating firms to disclose their environmental, social, and governance (ESG) performance. This study examines whether firms adjust their dividend policies following the implementation of mandated ESG reporting. Leveraging the staggered adoption of mandatory ESG reporting using a large international dataset spanning from 1996 to 2019, we find a substantial and negative impact on corporate dividends. Specifically, we observe that firms subject to mandatory ESG reporting, on average, reduce their dividend payout ratios by approximately 25% immediately after its implementation. Further analysis reveals that this response is more pronounced for firms facing higher agency conflicts and operating in environments with greater information asymmetry, as these firms are more difficult to monitor. Additionally, we find that the impact is stronger for firms located in countries with less developed stock markets and higher financial constraints. Exploiting cross-country variations in the regulatory framework of ESG reporting, we find a heightened response in jurisdictions with stricter disclosure requirements.

世界各国政府和证券交易所越来越多地要求企业披露其环境、社会和治理(ESG)绩效。本研究探讨了企业是否会在实施强制 ESG 报告后调整其股利政策。利用从 1996 年到 2019 年的大型国际数据集交错采用强制性环境、社会和治理报告,我们发现这对企业股息产生了实质性的负面影响。具体而言,我们观察到,在强制环境、社会和公司治理报告实施后,受该报告约束的公司平均会立即将股息支付率降低约 25%。进一步的分析表明,对于面临较高代理冲突和在信息不对称程度较高的环境中运营的公司来说,这种反应更为明显,因为这些公司更难受到监督。此外,我们还发现,对于那些股票市场欠发达、金融约束较高的国家的企业来说,这种影响更大。利用环境、社会和公司治理报告监管框架的跨国差异,我们发现在披露要求更严格的司法管辖区,反应会更强烈。
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引用次数: 0
Implicit barriers, market integration and asset prices: Evidence from the inclusion of China A-shares in MSCI global indices 隐性壁垒、市场一体化和资产价格:中国 A 股纳入 MSCI 全球指数的证据
IF 4 2区 经济学 Q1 BUSINESS, FINANCE Pub Date : 2024-04-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.intfin.2024.101998
Bo Li , Qian Sun , Zhihua Wei

We examine the stock price reactions to the mass inclusion of China A-shares in the Morgan Stanley Capital International (MSCI) global indices and find that stocks that would be included in the MSCI global indices earned significantly positive abnormal returns when the inclusion plan was first announced. These unusual stock price changes are proportional to firm-specific conditional market risk, but not to firm-level changes in expected future cash flows or the domestic shareholder base. We also show that better firm transparency and stock liquidity strengthen the positive relationship between conditional market risk and stock price revaluation. Moreover, there is a positive externality effect on the stock prices and risk exposures of stocks that would not be included in the MSCI global indices. Our results demonstrate that MSCI inclusion not only directly integrates index-included stocks with the global market but also indirectly integrates non-index-included stocks with the global market. Since the successful inclusion of A-shares in MSCI global indices implies the reduction in implicit market barriers to international investors, our results provide empirical evidence for the proposition that the reduction in implicit market barriers contributes to market integration from the perspective of stock price revaluation.

我们研究了中国 A 股被大规模纳入摩根士丹利资本国际公司(MSCI)全球指数后的股价反应,发现将被纳入 MSCI 全球指数的股票在纳入计划首次公布时获得了显著的正异常回报。这些异常股价变化与公司特定的条件市场风险成正比,但与公司层面的预期未来现金流变化或国内股东基础无关。我们还发现,更好的公司透明度和股票流动性加强了条件市场风险与股价重估之间的正相关关系。此外,对于未被纳入 MSCI 全球指数的股票,其股价和风险敞口也会产生积极的外部效应。我们的研究结果表明,纳入 MSCI 指数不仅能直接将纳入指数的股票与全球市场结合起来,还能间接将未纳入指数的股票与全球市场结合起来。由于 A 股成功纳入 MSCI 全球指数意味着国际投资者面临的隐性市场壁垒减少,我们的结果为 "从股价重估的角度来看,隐性市场壁垒的减少有助于市场一体化 "这一命题提供了经验证据。
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引用次数: 0
Diverse investor reactions to the COVID-19 Pandemic: Insights from an emerging market 投资者对 COVID-19 大流行病的不同反应:新兴市场的启示
IF 4 2区 经济学 Q1 BUSINESS, FINANCE Pub Date : 2024-04-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.intfin.2024.102000
Suman Neupane , Zhebin Fan , Daniel Yanes Sanchez , Biwesh Neupane

We examine the reaction of different investor categories to the COVID-19 pandemic in the Indian market throughout 2020. Using quarterly ownership data, we find significant differences across various investor categories during the crisis and post-crisis periods. We find that domestic institutional investors (DIIs) exhibit 'flight-to-quality' behavior, foreign institutional investors (FIIs) exhibit 'fire-sale' behavior, and retail investors (RIs) act as informed investors who provide liquidity during the crisis period. We observe conservative behavior from DIIs and FIIs throughout 2020, during which RIs initially increase their holdings in high-risk stocks but move to high-quality stocks in the final quarter of 2020. FIIs contribute the most to lower stock returns and higher volatility during the crisis period. Using daily FII trade-level data, we find that long-term FIIs start buying high-quality stocks before other categories in the post-crisis period, with short-term FIIs driving returns and volatility during the crisis period.

我们研究了 2020 年印度市场不同类别投资者对 COVID-19 大流行的反应。利用季度所有权数据,我们发现不同类别的投资者在危机期间和危机后存在显著差异。我们发现,国内机构投资者(DIIs)表现出 "逃离质量 "行为,外国机构投资者(FIIs)表现出 "火售 "行为,而散户投资者(RIs)则作为知情投资者在危机期间提供流动性。在整个 2020 年,我们观察到 DII 和 FII 的保守行为,在此期间,散户投资者最初增持高风险股票,但在 2020 年最后一个季度转向优质股票。在危机期间,FII 对较低的股票回报率和较高的波动性贡献最大。利用每日 FII 交易层面的数据,我们发现长期 FII 在危机后时期开始先于其他类别购买优质股票,而短期 FII 在危机时期推动了回报率和波动率的上升。
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引用次数: 0
CSR contracting and stock price crash risk: International evidence 企业社会责任契约与股价暴跌风险:国际证据
IF 4 2区 经济学 Q1 BUSINESS, FINANCE Pub Date : 2024-04-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.intfin.2024.101999
Simeng Liu , Kun Tracy Wang , Sonali Walpola , Nathan Zhenghang Zhu

In this study, we examine whether and how the worldwide integration of corporate social responsibility (CSR) criteria into executive compensation contracts (hereafter, CSR contracting or CSR-based executive compensation) affects a firm’s stock price crash risk. Using a comprehensive sample of 42,049 firm-year observations from 53 countries from 2003 to 2019, we find that CSR contracting firms have greater stock price crash risk. This positive association can be attributed to exacerbated managerial bad news hoarding behavior and overinvestment. We further demonstrate that the positive relationship between CSR contracting and crash risk is more pronounced for firms with powerful CEOs, as well as in countries with inferior investor protection and disclosure transparency. Overall, our findings are consistent with the agency cost and managerial power perspective, suggesting that CSR contracting may be exploited by powerful and opportunistic managers as a means of diverting shareholders’ attention and concealing bad financial news. Our findings have implications for both researchers and business practitioners.

在本研究中,我们考察了在全球范围内将企业社会责任(CSR)标准纳入高管薪酬合同(以下简称 CSR 合同或基于 CSR 的高管薪酬)是否以及如何影响公司的股价暴跌风险。通过对 2003 年至 2019 年 53 个国家的 42,049 个公司年度观测数据进行综合抽样,我们发现,签订企业社会责任合同的公司具有更大的股价暴跌风险。这种正相关关系可归因于管理者囤积坏消息行为和过度投资的加剧。我们进一步证明,企业社会责任契约与股价暴跌风险之间的正相关关系在首席执行官强势的公司以及投资者保护和信息披露透明度较低的国家更为明显。总体而言,我们的研究结果符合代理成本和管理权力的观点,表明企业社会责任契约可能会被有权势和机会主义的管理者利用,作为转移股东注意力和掩盖财务坏消息的一种手段。我们的研究结果对研究人员和商业从业者都有启示意义。
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引用次数: 0
Does trade openness promote economic growth in developing countries? 贸易开放能否促进发展中国家的经济增长?
IF 4 2区 经济学 Q1 BUSINESS, FINANCE Pub Date : 2024-04-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.intfin.2024.101985
Hyun-Jung Nam , Doojin Ryu

This study examines the influence of trade openness on economic growth in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations. Trade openness is associated with low levels of trade barriers and high levels of trade volumes. Lower trade barriers may negatively affect GDP in developing economies, implying that excessive trade openness could impede economic growth. Conversely, increased trade volumes positively affect GDP, highlighting the potential advantages of trade openness for economic growth. We identify the moderating role of trade barriers, noting that in countries with high trade barriers, increased trade volumes are associated with stronger economic growth.

本研究探讨了贸易开放对东南亚国家联盟经济增长的影响。贸易开放与贸易壁垒水平低和贸易量大有关。较低的贸易壁垒可能会对发展中经济体的国内生产总值产生负面影响,这意味着过度的贸易开放可能会阻碍经济增长。相反,贸易量的增加会对国内生产总值产生积极影响,从而凸显贸易开放对经济增长的潜在优势。我们确定了贸易壁垒的调节作用,指出在贸易壁垒较高的国家,贸易量的增加与更强劲的经济增长相关联。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Journal of International Financial Markets Institutions & Money
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