International Journal of Intercultural Relations最新文献_第8页

Exploring pull migration drivers to the European Union: A systematic literature review and future research agenda 探索欧盟的拉动移民驱动因素：系统的文献综述和未来的研究议程

IF 2.8 2区社会学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL

International Journal of Intercultural Relations

Pub Date : 2025-09-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijintrel.2025.102296

Vilmantė Kumpikaitė-Valiūnienė , Ineta Žičkutė-Daugelavičienė , Ewa Glińska , Ewa Rollnik-Sadowska , Audra I. Mockaitis

Although migration research has frequently centred on particular sending countries or migrant groups, there remains a lack of comprehensive understanding of the diverse conditions that attract migrants to the European Union (EU). This study aims to synthesise and structure scientific articles on migration pull drivers to the EU and to outline a future research agenda to address prevailing gaps. A hybrid domain-based literature review was conducted by integrating bibliometric and structured reviews, spanning publications from 2004 to 2023 to identify and classify migration drivers. Nearly 150 migration pull drivers were identified and classified into three levels. The reviewed literature mentioned economic factors, particularly job opportunities, as the most frequent pull drivers at macro level. Political stability and favourable migration policies significantly attract migrants. Social networks and education systems are important social drivers, while environmental drivers, although less frequently mentioned, include ecological safety and climate conditions. Meso-level drivers emphasise career development and training opportunities, reflecting migrants’ desire to improve their professional skills and job satisfaction. Micro-level drivers underline the significance of personal fulfilment, family reasons, and financial gains. This study contributes to the migration literature by not only identifying a wide range of pull factors but also systematically evaluating frequency of their appearance in the scientific literature, thus offering a clearer view of which drivers are most emphasized and potentially most influential in migration decisions to the EU. The study also identifies calls for future studies to adopt a more comprehensive approach, including mixed methods and a broader geographical scope.

虽然移徙研究经常集中在特定的派遣国或移徙群体，但仍然缺乏对吸引移徙者到欧洲联盟（欧盟）的各种条件的全面了解。这项研究的目的是综合和构建关于移民将驱动因素吸引到欧盟的科学文章，并概述未来的研究议程，以解决普遍存在的差距。通过整合文献计量学和结构化综述，对2004年至2023年的出版物进行了基于混合领域的文献综述，以识别和分类迁移驱动因素。确定了近150个迁移拉动驱动因素，并将其分为三个层次。在宏观层面上，经济因素，特别是就业机会，是最常见的拉动因素。政治稳定和有利的移民政策极大地吸引了移民。社会网络和教育系统是重要的社会驱动因素，而环境驱动因素包括生态安全和气候条件，尽管很少被提及。中等水平的驱动力强调职业发展和培训机会，反映了农民工提高专业技能和工作满意度的愿望。微观层面的驱动因素强调个人成就、家庭原因和经济收益的重要性。本研究不仅确定了广泛的拉动因素，而且系统地评估了它们在科学文献中出现的频率，从而为移民文献做出了贡献，从而提供了一个更清晰的观点，即哪些驱动因素在向欧盟移民的决策中最受重视，可能最具影响力。该研究还指出，未来的研究需要采用更全面的方法，包括混合方法和更广泛的地理范围。

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引用次数: 0

Beyond boundaries: Interculturalism, tolerance, and the promotion of positive intergroup attitudes toward muslims in France 超越边界：跨文化主义、宽容和促进对法国穆斯林的积极的跨群体态度

IF 2.8 2区社会学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL

International Journal of Intercultural Relations

Pub Date : 2025-09-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijintrel.2025.102255

Maïlys Samba , Rasyid Bo Sanitioso , Yara Mahfud

Prior research indicates that interculturalism, with its focus on superdiversity and mixed identities, could be more effective in promoting positive intergroup relations in multicultural societies as compared to other ideologies. Through a survey (N = 278) and experiment (N = 537) involving French participants, we examined the effect of interculturalism (i.e., which emphasizes dialogue and interaction to foster shared values and societal integration) on warmth towards Muslims in France, comparing it to multiculturalism (i.e., which values the coexistence and preservation of distinct cultural identities) and assimilation (i.e., which encourages minority groups to shed aspects of their own culture while adopting the cultural norms of a dominant group). We also explored the mediating role of tolerance in these relationships. Results revealed that in the French context, interculturalism was not superior to multiculturalism in fostering positive intergroup relations, but both were more effective than assimilation. Furthermore, tolerance did not consistently serve as a mediator in these relationships, however, we found a significant positive association between tolerance and out-group attitudes. We emphasize the importance of integration policies and tolerance in promoting the integration of minorities in France.

先前的研究表明，与其他意识形态相比，跨文化主义以其对超多样性和混合身份的关注，可以更有效地促进多元文化社会中积极的群体间关系。通过一项涉及法国参与者的调查（N = 278）和实验（N = 537），我们研究了跨文化主义（即，强调对话和互动以促进共同价值观和社会融合）对法国对穆斯林的热情的影响，并将其与多元文化主义（即，重视共存和保护独特文化身份）和同化(即，这鼓励少数群体在接受主流群体的文化规范的同时，摆脱自己文化的某些方面)。我们还探讨了宽容在这些关系中的中介作用。结果显示，在法国背景下，跨文化主义在培养积极的群体间关系方面并不优于多元文化主义，但两者都比同化更有效。此外，宽容并不总是在这些关系中起中介作用，然而，我们发现宽容与群体外态度之间存在显著的正相关。我们强调融合政策和宽容在促进法国少数民族融合方面的重要性。

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引用次数: 0

The paradox of cultural similarity: Teacher adaptation through the lens of linguistic, ethical, cultural, and historical friction 文化相似的悖论：从语言、伦理、文化和历史摩擦的角度看教师的适应

IF 2.8 2区社会学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL

International Journal of Intercultural Relations

Pub Date : 2025-09-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijintrel.2025.102295

Yishu Li , Yongjian Li

This study examines the paradox of cultural similarity in the adaptation of Chinese language teachers in South Korea. Although linguistic overlap and shared Confucian heritage initially suggest smooth integration, the analysis reveals that these perceived affinities often mask deeper institutional, ethical, cultural, and historical divergences. Guided by the LECH framework—covering Linguistic, Ethical, Cultural, and Historical dimensions—and adopting a qualitative multi-case research design, the study identifies recurrent forms of cultural friction, ranging from pragmatic misalignments in honorific usage to ethical dilemmas, ritual discontinuities, and contested interpretations of historical legacy. Findings show that assumed proximity reduces adaptive vigilance, engendering identity ambiguity and emotional strain. These results indicate that cultural similarity generates recursive frictions across the LECH dimensions. Building on this, the study reframes cultural proximity as a distinct site of vulnerability, and further argues for embedding ethical cognitive flexibility and scenario-based training in teacher preparation, thereby contributing to theoretical advancement in cross-cultural adaptation research while providing practical guidance for supporting expatriate educators in high-similarity environments.

本研究探讨了韩国汉语教师适应中的文化相似性悖论。虽然语言上的重叠和共同的儒家传统最初表明了顺利的融合，但分析表明，这些感知到的亲和力往往掩盖了更深层次的制度、伦理、文化和历史分歧。在LECH框架（涵盖语言、伦理、文化和历史维度）的指导下，本研究采用定性的多案例研究设计，确定了文化摩擦的循环形式，从敬语使用中的语用失调到伦理困境、仪式中断以及对历史遗产的争议性解释。研究结果表明，假设的接近降低了适应性警觉性，导致身份模糊和情绪紧张。这些结果表明，文化相似性在LECH维度上产生递归摩擦。在此基础上，本研究将文化接近性重新定义为一种独特的脆弱性，并进一步主张在教师准备中嵌入伦理认知灵活性和基于场景的培训，从而有助于跨文化适应研究的理论进步，同时为支持高相似性环境中的外籍教育工作者提供实践指导。

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引用次数: 0

Ethnicity and worldviews associated with attributing responsibility for COVID-19 to people of Asian descent: Evidence from Canada 将COVID-19的责任归咎于亚裔的种族和世界观：来自加拿大的证据

IF 2.8 2区社会学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL

International Journal of Intercultural Relations

Pub Date : 2025-09-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijintrel.2025.102290

Elcin Ray-Yol , Saghar Chahar Mahali , Michael H. Bond , Saba Safdar

Across the world, Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has intensified stigmatization and discrimination against various ethnic groups, especially people of Asian descent. The present study explored the factors associated with attributing responsibility for COVID-19 to Asians among European Canadians and Asian residents of Canada. Specifically, we explored the role of religiosity, fate control, taking precautionary measures, reported life changes due to COVID-19, and ethnicity in attributing responsibility for COVID-19 to people of Asian descent. A sample of 277 participants residing in Canada (M_age = 31.16, SD = 5.87) completed an online survey. Results indicated that Asian residents in Canada rather than European Canadians and being male were associated with attributing responsibility for COVID-19 to Asians. A stronger belief in fate control, having made greater life changes, and having taken fewer precautionary measures against COVID-19 were associated with higher levels of attributing COVID-19 responsibility to Asians. Findings offer important insights regarding the negative stereotypes and biases that emerged as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, which can be used to promote awareness that ensures communities come together in the face of similar future challenges.

在全球范围内，2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行加剧了对各族裔特别是亚裔的污名化和歧视。本研究探讨了欧洲加拿大人和加拿大的亚洲居民将COVID-19的责任归咎于亚洲人的相关因素。具体而言，我们探讨了宗教信仰、命运控制、采取预防措施、因COVID-19报告的生活变化以及种族在将COVID-19的责任归咎于亚洲人后裔中的作用。居住在加拿大的277名参与者（Mage = 31.16, SD = 5.87）完成了一项在线调查。结果表明，加拿大的亚洲居民而不是欧洲裔加拿大人，以及男性与将COVID-19的责任归咎于亚洲人有关。对命运掌控的信念更强、对生活的改变更大、对COVID-19采取的预防措施更少，与将COVID-19的责任归咎于亚洲人的比例更高有关。调查结果为了解因COVID-19大流行而出现的负面陈规定型观念和偏见提供了重要见解，可用于提高认识，确保社区在未来面临类似挑战时团结起来。

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引用次数: 0

The impact of acculturative stress and sociocultural adaptation on international student satisfaction and loyalty 异文化压力和社会文化适应对留学生满意度和忠诚度的影响

IF 2.8 2区社会学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL

International Journal of Intercultural Relations

Pub Date : 2025-09-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijintrel.2025.102292

Erzsébet Malota , Attila Mucsi

This paper examines the interrelationship between experienced acculturative stress, sociocultural adaptation, satisfaction, and loyalty within the context of higher education and international students. It was hypothesized that acculturative stress negatively impacts sociocultural adaptation, satisfaction, and loyalty, whereas sociocultural adaptation positively influences satisfaction, and that satisfaction positively impacts loyalty. A sample of 426 international students from 56 countries was analyzed via PLS-SEM. This research is unique because it quantitatively demonstrates that acculturative stress has a significant negative impact on sociocultural adaptation, essentially hindering culturally appropriate behavior, and negatively impacts international student satisfaction, whereas sociocultural adaptation positively affects international student satisfaction. The construct of acculturative stress is slightly better explained by core culture shock items compared to interpersonal stress items. The primary factors contributing to core culture shock were students’ confusion about their identity in a receiving culture, encountering shocking and disgusting elements in a new environment, and feeling helpless when trying to cope with a new culture. The primary factor influencing the interpersonal stress among international students was their anxiety or discomfort when interacting with local individuals. The acquisition of culturally appropriate behavior in an academic setting contributed the most to the construct of sociocultural adaptation. Based on our insights, higher education institutions could optimize resource allocation by preparing students to handle acculturative stress and facilitating sociocultural adaptation. This is expected to enhance the satisfaction of international students and reduce recruitment costs through the positive word of mouth of loyal students.

本文探讨了在高等教育和国际学生的背景下，经历的异文化压力、社会文化适应、满意度和忠诚度之间的相互关系。假设异文化压力对社会文化适应、满意度和忠诚度有负向影响，而社会文化适应对满意度有正向影响，而满意度对忠诚度有正向影响。通过PLS-SEM对来自56个国家的426名国际学生进行了分析。这项研究的独特之处在于，它定量地证明了异文化压力对社会文化适应有显著的负面影响，本质上阻碍了文化适当行为，并对国际学生满意度产生负面影响，而社会文化适应对国际学生满意度产生积极影响。核心文化冲击项目比人际压力项目更能解释异文化压力的构成。造成核心文化冲击的主要因素是学生在接受文化中对自己身份的困惑，在新环境中遇到令人震惊和恶心的元素，以及在试图应对新文化时感到无助。影响留学生人际关系压力的主要因素是与当地人交往时的焦虑或不适。在学术环境中习得文化适宜行为对社会文化适应的构建贡献最大。基于我们的见解，高等教育机构可以通过培养学生应对异文化压力和促进社会文化适应来优化资源配置。期望通过忠实学生的正面口碑，提高国际学生的满意度，降低招生成本。

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引用次数: 0

Immigrant blaming during the COVID-19 pandemic: A Canadian American study COVID-19大流行期间的移民指责：加拿大美国人的一项研究

IF 2.8 2区社会学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL

International Journal of Intercultural Relations

Pub Date : 2025-09-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijintrel.2025.102280

Shruti C. Nadkarni , Michelle R. Raitman , Seth J. Schwartz , Saba Safdar

The COVID-19 pandemic significantly impacted our society - economically, politically, and interpersonally. The Asian community, in particular, faced severe xenophobia globally, with blame often unfairly attributed to them for the COVID-19 pandemic. The present study focuses on factors associated with increased blame toward Asian immigrants by host nationals in the United States and Canada during the COVID-19 pandemic. As part of a research project on intergroup relations, data were collected from 233 native-born Americans and 218 native-born Canadians. Multiple regression analyses indicated that national identity and country of residence together explained seven percent of the variability in blaming Asian immigrants for the pandemic. Higher national identity was related to lower blaming of Asian immigrants. Conservative sociopolitical views were also associated with increased blaming. Additionally, we found a moderating effect of COVID-related worry on the relationship between country of residence and blaming Asian immigrants for the COVID-19 pandemic, suggesting that the relationship between the country of residence of the participants and the blame they place on Asian immigrants was influenced by their worry about the COVID-19 pandemic. These findings could be valuable in shaping public health communication strategies in future health crises, particularly in terms of ways to address and mitigate discriminatory discourse against minorities and immigrants.

2019冠状病毒病大流行对我们的社会——经济、政治和人际关系——产生了重大影响。尤其是亚洲社区，在全球范围内面临严重的仇外情绪，人们常常不公平地将新冠肺炎疫情归咎于他们。本研究的重点是在COVID-19大流行期间，美国和加拿大的东道国国民对亚洲移民的指责增加的相关因素。作为族群间关系研究项目的一部分，研究人员从233名土生土长的美国人和218名土生土长的加拿大人那里收集了数据。多元回归分析表明，民族认同和居住国共同解释了将大流行归咎于亚洲移民的7%的差异。较高的国家认同与较低的对亚洲移民的指责有关。保守的社会政治观点也与越来越多的指责有关。此外，我们发现COVID-19相关担忧对居住国与将COVID-19大流行归咎于亚洲移民之间的关系有调节作用，这表明参与者的居住国与其对亚洲移民的指责之间的关系受到他们对COVID-19大流行的担忧的影响。这些发现可能有助于在未来的卫生危机中制定公共卫生传播战略，特别是在处理和减轻针对少数群体和移民的歧视性言论方面。

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引用次数: 0

Refining the myth of brain drain and gain and transnational academic capital mobility: A cross-cultural ethnography of global talent scholars in sino-foreign relations 厘清人才流失与获得与跨国学术资本流动的神话：中外关系中全球人才学者的跨文化人种志

IF 2.8 2区社会学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL

International Journal of Intercultural Relations

Pub Date : 2025-09-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijintrel.2025.102278

Benjamin H. Nam , Alexander Scott English , Yuanyuan Liu

This study presents a cross-cultural ethnographic account of global talent scholars’ (GTSs) long-term international faculty member (IFM) experiences in Chinese higher education institutions (HEIs). The study used field notes, reflective journals, and semi-structured interviews with 14 IFMs from the United States, the United Kingdom, Canada, France, and Germany. Alongside the post-pandemic academic labor market crises and geopolitical uncertainties, this study adopted the concepts of global brain drain and gain, as well as transnational academic capital mobility, and further mapped intercultural capital as a coping mechanism. Accordingly, the study promoted scholarly conversations about these primary themes: (a) motivational factors for relocation: global academic social networks and family reasons; (b) positionalities as GTSs: strategic leaders via global political savvy and academic expertise; (c) diagnosing the current brain circulation: ambiguous loss in the in-between space; and (d) survival strategy and outlooks: loyalty and intercultural awareness in institutional capacity. The most overarching findings revealed that while participants positioned themselves as GTSs in China, they also felt anxious and ambivalent about the current global brain circulation phenomenon, as they witnessed an increasing number of academic turnovers. Nevertheless, they emphasized the social importance of fostering intercultural awareness and building mutual understanding as essential elements of sustainable academic careers in Sino-foreign relations. Therefore, this study critiqued structural problems of the current brain circulation phenomenon and offered implications for establishing coping mechanisms for IFMs in China via intercultural training and career counseling.

本研究以跨文化民族志的视角，探讨了全球人才学者（gts）在中国高等教育机构的长期国际教员（IFM）经历。该研究使用了实地记录、反思日志和对来自美国、英国、加拿大、法国和德国的14家ifm的半结构化访谈。除了大流行后的学术劳动力市场危机和地缘政治不确定性之外，本研究还采用了全球人才流失和获得以及跨国学术资本流动的概念，并进一步绘制了跨文化资本作为应对机制的地图。因此，这项研究促进了关于这些主要主题的学术对话：(a)重新安置的动机因素：全球学术社会网络和家庭原因；(b)作为gts的地位：通过全球政治悟性和学术专长成为战略领导者；(c)诊断当前脑循环：中间空间的模糊损失；(d)生存战略和前景：机构能力中的忠诚和跨文化意识。最重要的发现显示，虽然参与者将自己定位为中国的gts，但他们也对当前的全球人才流动现象感到焦虑和矛盾，因为他们目睹了越来越多的学术人员流动。然而，他们强调了培养跨文化意识和建立相互理解的社会重要性，这是中外关系学术事业可持续发展的基本要素。因此，本研究对当前人才流动现象的结构性问题进行了批判，并为通过跨文化培训和职业咨询建立中国ifm应对机制提供了启示。

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引用次数: 0

Flexibly navigating cultural diversity: How polycultural identity facilitates a meaningful and rich life 灵活驾驭文化多样性：多元文化认同如何促进有意义和丰富的生活

IF 2.8 2区社会学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL

International Journal of Intercultural Relations

Pub Date : 2025-09-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijintrel.2025.102279

Ariane Virgona , Matthew B. Ruby , Emiko S. Kashima

Super-diverse societies, like Australia, offer individuals frequent opportunities to engage with cultural elements from a variety of sources in everyday life. While previous research suggests that a polycultural identity—the integration and blending of multiple diverse cultural elements into the self—is associated with positive personal and intercultural outcomes, the mechanisms underlying these benefits remain unclear. We theorised that polycultural identity functions as an adaptive response to super-diversity, emerging among individuals who demonstrate flexibility in perspective-taking, tolerance for contradiction, and a desire to broaden the self through social interactions. Data from a diverse Australian sample recruited via Prolific (N = 483) supported a path model in which polycultural identity mediated the relationship between two malleability-related variables and two well-being outcomes: flourishing and a psychologically rich life. This pattern suggests that polycultural identity may indeed represent a form of positive adaptation to diversity. We also examined links between polycultural identity and aspects of the self, specifically, true self, self-consistency, self-concept clarity, and personal identity strength. The findings indicate that polycultural identity may prioritise enhanced self-understanding and personal agency over a stable, clearly defined, and immutable sense of self. These results offer novel insights into the nature of polycultural identity as a potentially adaptive resource in environments that demand psychological flexibility.

像澳大利亚这样的超级多元化社会，为个人提供了在日常生活中接触各种文化元素的频繁机会。虽然先前的研究表明，多元文化认同——多种不同文化元素融入自我——与积极的个人和跨文化结果有关，但这些好处背后的机制尚不清楚。我们的理论认为，多元文化认同是对超多样性的适应性反应，它出现在那些表现出换位思考的灵活性、对矛盾的容忍度以及通过社会互动拓宽自我的愿望的个体中。通过多产（N = 483）招募的不同澳大利亚样本的数据支持一个路径模型，在该模型中，多元文化认同介导了两个与可塑性相关的变量和两种幸福结果之间的关系：繁荣和心理丰富的生活。这种模式表明，多元文化认同可能确实是一种积极适应多样性的形式。我们还研究了多元文化认同与自我各方面之间的联系，特别是真实自我、自我一致性、自我概念清晰度和个人认同强度。研究结果表明，多元文化认同可能优先考虑增强自我理解和个人能动性，而不是稳定、明确定义和不变的自我意识。这些结果为多元文化认同的本质提供了新的见解，即在需要心理灵活性的环境中，多元文化认同是一种潜在的适应性资源。

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引用次数: 0

The strength of weak ties in shaping attitudes toward interfaith marriage: Muslim migrants in Western Europe 对不同宗教间婚姻态度形成的弱关系的力量：西欧的穆斯林移民

IF 2.8 2区社会学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL

International Journal of Intercultural Relations

Pub Date : 2025-09-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijintrel.2025.102288

Tolga Tezcan

This study examines the “strength of weak ties” argument in the formation of interfaith marriage attitudes. Based on the EURISLAM survey data collected from Muslim migrants residing in six Western European countries, the analyses suggest that both strong and weak ties with natives are positively associated with the likelihood of interfaith marriage approval. However, strong and weak ties are not equally influential when they interact with each other. The results reveal a paradox: the positive effect of strong ties becomes more pronounced only when accompanied by weak ties. In the absence of weak ties, an increase in strong ties is associated with a decrease in interfaith marriage approval, which highlights the significance of tie composition in shaping attitudes toward interfaith marriage and supports the “strength of weak ties” argument. Finally, ties are context-dependent function of network composition, individual characteristics, and the countries where migrants settle.

本研究探讨了“弱关系的力量”在形成跨宗教婚姻态度的论点。根据EURISLAM从居住在六个西欧国家的穆斯林移民中收集的调查数据，分析表明，与当地人的关系强弱都与跨宗教婚姻获得批准的可能性呈正相关。然而，强关系和弱关系在相互作用时的影响并不相同。研究结果揭示了一个悖论：只有在弱关系的陪伴下，强关系的积极作用才会更加明显。在没有弱关系的情况下，强关系的增加与跨宗教婚姻认可度的下降有关，这突出了关系构成在形成对跨宗教婚姻的态度方面的重要性，并支持了“弱关系的强度”的论点。最后，联系是网络构成、个人特征和移民定居国家的上下文依赖函数。

引用次数: 0

What shapes the social perception of immigrant groups in Kazakhstan? The role of ethnic- and language-based identities and underlying threat and benefit perceptions 是什么塑造了哈萨克斯坦社会对移民群体的看法？基于种族和语言的身份认同的作用以及潜在的威胁和利益观念

IF 2.8 2区社会学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL

International Journal of Intercultural Relations

Pub Date : 2025-09-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijintrel.2025.102274

Adil Samekin , Aidos Bolatov , Patrick F. Kotzur

In this study, we go beyond previous literature studying social perception of immigrant groups in Western, rich, educated, industrialized, and democratic contexts by contributing the first study of this kind in Kazakhstan, a multi-ethnic and multi-lingual country. Utilizing the stereotype content model framework, we investigated which immigrant groups are salient in Kazakhstani society (pilot study, N = 401). Building on these findings, we examined differences in warmth and competence perceptions across salient immigrant groups in Kazakhstani society in our main study (N = 500). Finally, we investigated the role of the ethnic and language-based identity of the perceiver in shaping the social perceptions for a subgroup of immigrant groups, and extended the stereotype content model framework with the threat and benefit model to investigate whether perceived societal threats or benefits explained these differences. Meaningful differences emerged along both dimensions of warmth and competence. Additionally, findings suggested that Russian-speakers perceived immigrant groups as warmer and more competent than Kazakh-speakers, which was explained by higher benefit rather than threat perceptions. Overall, we contributed novel insights on the social perception of immigrants and its determinants in a multi-ethnic and multi-lingual context, which we hope will provide a fertile ground for future investigations in under-researched areas and beyond.

在这项研究中，我们超越了以往研究西方、富裕、受教育、工业化和民主背景下移民群体的社会认知的文献，首次在哈萨克斯坦这个多民族、多语言的国家进行了此类研究。利用刻板印象内容模型框架，我们调查了哈萨克斯坦社会中哪些移民群体是突出的（试点研究，N = 401）。在这些发现的基础上，我们在主要研究中考察了哈萨克斯坦社会中主要移民群体在热情和能力感知方面的差异（N = 500）。最后，我们研究了移民群体的种族和语言认同在塑造社会认知中的作用，并将刻板印象内容模型框架扩展为威胁和利益模型，以探讨感知到的社会威胁或利益是否解释了这些差异。在热情和能力这两个维度上都出现了有意义的差异。此外，研究结果表明，说俄语的人认为移民群体比说哈萨克语的人更热情、更有能力，这可以用更高的利益感而不是威胁感来解释。总的来说，我们对移民的社会观念及其在多种族和多语言背景下的决定因素做出了新的见解，我们希望这将为未来研究不足的领域和其他领域的研究提供肥沃的土壤。

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引用次数: 0