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#WhatIEatInADay: The effects of viewing food diary TikTok videos on young adults’ body image and intent to diet #WhatIEatInADay:观看食物日记 TikTok 视频对年轻人身体形象和节食意向的影响
IF 5.2 1区 心理学 Q1 Psychology Pub Date : 2024-04-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2024.101712
Magdalayna Drivas , Olivia Simone Reed , Maranda Berndt-Goke

The rise of short-form video content has prompted research into its impact on body image; however, little remains known regarding the effects of exposure to food-related content of this type. The present study aimed to fill this gap in the literature by conducting a between-subjects experiment (N = 316) examining the effects of exposure to low-calorie versus high-calorie “What I Eat in A Day” food diary TikTok videos on young adults’ body appreciation, body dissatisfaction, and diet intentions. Additionally, this study sought to explore how social comparison and mood might affect participants’ responses to these videos. Results indicate that social comparison mediated the relationship between video type (low- vs high- calorie) and positive mood, such that low-calorie videos increased upward social comparison and decreased positive mood, and high-calorie videos increased downward social comparison and increased positive mood. Positive direct effects of positive mood on body appreciation and diet intentions occurred, and a negative direct effect on body dissatisfaction was found. Additionally, positive mood mediated the path from social comparison to diet intentions. These findings highlight the importance of further research into the nuanced impacts of food diary social media content on young adults’ body image and behaviors.

短视频内容的兴起促使人们研究其对身体形象的影响;然而,人们对接触这类与食物有关的内容所产生的影响仍然知之甚少。本研究旨在通过进行主体间实验(N = 316),研究暴露于低热量和高热量的 "我一天吃了什么 "食物日记 TikTok 视频对年轻人的身体欣赏、身体不满意度和饮食意向的影响,从而填补文献中的这一空白。此外,本研究还试图探讨社会比较和情绪会如何影响参与者对这些视频的反应。结果表明,社会比较在视频类型(低热量与高热量)和积极情绪之间起到了中介作用,例如低热量视频增加了向上的社会比较,降低了积极情绪;而高热量视频增加了向下的社会比较,提高了积极情绪。积极情绪对身体欣赏和节食意向有积极的直接影响,而对身体不满意有消极的直接影响。此外,积极情绪在社会比较到节食意向之间起到了中介作用。这些发现强调了进一步研究食物日记社交媒体内容对年轻人身体形象和行为的细微影响的重要性。
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引用次数: 0
“I felt so powerful to have this love in me”: A grounded theory analysis of the experiences of people living with and recovering from eating disorders while in diverse romantic relationships "有爱在我心中,我感到无比强大":对饮食失调患者和康复者在不同恋爱关系中的经历进行基础理论分析
IF 5.2 1区 心理学 Q1 Psychology Pub Date : 2024-04-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2024.101709
Jaclyn A. Siegel , Rebecca R. Mendoza , Juliana M. Tesselaar , Jennifer DeJesus , Connor I. Elbe , Nicolas S. Caravelli , Lynae Troy , Margo Fenton , Brianna Victoria , Justice Herrera , Aaron J. Blashill

Romantic partners have the potential to influence attitudes and behaviors related to body image and disordered eating. However, the role that romantic relationships can play in eating disorder (ED) recovery has not been comprehensively investigated. The present study aimed to explore the ways that people living with and recovering from EDs experience their romantic relationships, with the specific objective of developing a novel theoretical framework, grounded in the experiences of people in diverse romantic relationships, to guide future research on the topic. Semi-structured individual interviews were conducted with 66 people (45 cisgender women, 11 cisgender men, 9 nonbinary people, and 1 transgender man) living with and recovering from EDs while in romantic relationships. Our grounded theory analysis yielded a theoretical model of ED management in romantic relationships, revealing that Individual and Relationship Characteristics intersected with Relationship-Related Stressors and were navigated using Eating Disorder and Relationship Management Strategies. Combined with Partner Support and Tensions, these management strategies were related to Relationship and Mental Health Outcomes, which affected and were affected by Future Concerns. Future researchers should continue to build on, expand, and modify this model and further explore the role of romantic relationships in the experience of people living with EDs.

恋爱伴侣有可能影响与身体形象和饮食失调有关的态度和行为。然而,恋爱关系在饮食失调症(ED)康复中所起的作用尚未得到全面研究。本研究旨在探索饮食失调症患者和康复者如何体验他们的恋爱关系,具体目标是根据不同恋爱关系中的人的经验,建立一个新的理论框架,以指导未来有关该主题的研究。我们对 66 人(45 名顺性性别女性、11 名顺性性别男性、9 名非二元性别者和 1 名变性男性)进行了半结构化个人访谈,他们都是在恋爱关系中患有 ED 并正在从 ED 中康复的人。我们的基础理论分析得出了恋爱关系中的 ED 管理理论模型,揭示了个人和恋爱关系特征与恋爱关系相关压力因素的交集,并使用饮食失调和恋爱关系管理策略进行管理。结合伴侣支持和紧张关系,这些管理策略与关系和心理健康结果相关,而关系和心理健康结果影响着未来的关注点,同时也受到未来关注点的影响。未来的研究人员应继续发展、扩展和修改这一模型,并进一步探索恋爱关系在 ED 患者的经历中所扮演的角色。
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引用次数: 0
Does a nature walk improve state body appreciation in children? 自然漫步能提高儿童的身体素质吗?
IF 5.2 1区 心理学 Q1 Psychology Pub Date : 2024-04-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2024.101707
Kamila Czepczor-Bernat , Justyna Modrzejewska , Adriana Modrzejewska , Izabela Bieńkowska , Viren Swami

The available evidence suggests that exposure to natural environments promotes more positive body image, but to date this research has not considered impacts on children. To answer this question, we invited two groups of children in Poland – matched in terms of age (range = 6 to 12 years), gender identities, and racialised status – to go for a group walk in either a natural environment (n = 80) or a built environment (n = 81). Before and after the walks, participants were asked to complete an adapted, state version of the Body Appreciation Scale-2 for Children. The results of a mixed analysis of variance indicated that children who went for a walk in the natural environment reported a significant improvement to state body appreciation (d = 0.35), whereas those who went for a walk in the built environment did not (d = 0.04). The results also showed no significant impact of gender identity (girls vs. boys) or age (middle vs. late childhood) on this finding. These results show for the first time that nature exposure may help to improve body image outcomes in children, at least in the immediate term, which may prove beneficial for future interventionist work.

现有的证据表明,接触自然环境会促进更积极的身体形象,但迄今为止,这项研究还没有考虑过对儿童的影响。为了回答这个问题,我们邀请了波兰的两组儿童--在年龄(6 到 12 岁)、性别认同和种族地位方面都匹配--在自然环境(80 人)或建筑环境(81 人)中进行集体散步。在散步前后,参与者被要求完成经过改编的《儿童身体鉴赏量表-2》(Body Appreciation Scale-2 for Children)的国家版本。混合方差分析的结果表明,在自然环境中散步的儿童在身体欣赏状态方面有明显改善(d = 0.35),而在建筑环境中散步的儿童则没有明显改善(d = 0.04)。结果还显示,性别认同(女孩与男孩)或年龄(童年中期与晚期)对这一结果没有明显影响。这些结果首次表明,至少在短期内,接触大自然可能有助于改善儿童的身体形象,这可能对未来的干预工作有益。
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引用次数: 0
Enhancing inferences and conclusions in body image focused non-experimental research via a causal modelling approach: A tutorial 通过因果建模方法加强以身体形象为重点的非实验研究中的推论和结论:教程
IF 5.2 1区 心理学 Q1 Psychology Pub Date : 2024-04-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2024.101704
Stephanie R. Aarsman , Christopher J. Greenwood , Jake Linardon , Rachel F. Rodgers , Mariel Messer , Hannah K. Jarman , Matthew Fuller-Tyszkiewicz

Causal inference is often the goal of psychological research. However, most researchers refrain from drawing causal conclusions based on non-experimental evidence. Despite the challenges associated with producing causal evidence from non-experimental data, it is crucial to address causal questions directly rather than avoiding them. Here we provide a clear, non-technical overview of the fundamental concepts (including the counterfactual framework and related assumptions) and tools that permit causal inference in non-experimental data, intended as a starting point for readers unfamiliar with the literature. Certain tools, such as the target trial framework and causal diagrams, have been developed to assist with the identification and reduction of potential biases in study design and analysis and the interpretation of findings. We apply these concepts and tools to a motivating example from the body image field. We assert that more precise and detailed elucidation of the barriers to causal inference within one’s study is arguably a key first step in the enhancement of non-experimental research and future intervention development and evaluation.

因果推论通常是心理学研究的目标。然而,大多数研究人员都避免根据非实验证据得出因果结论。尽管从非实验数据中得出因果证据存在挑战,但直接解决因果问题而不是回避这些问题至关重要。在此,我们将对基本概念(包括反事实框架和相关假设)和允许在非实验数据中进行因果推断的工具进行清晰、非技术性的概述,旨在为不熟悉相关文献的读者提供一个起点。某些工具,如目标试验框架和因果关系图,是为了帮助识别和减少研究设计和分析中的潜在偏差以及解释研究结果而开发的。我们将这些概念和工具应用于身体形象领域的一个激励性实例。我们认为,更准确、更详细地阐明研究中的因果推论障碍,可以说是加强非实验研究和未来干预措施开发与评估的关键第一步。
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引用次数: 0
Explaining the prospective paths from body appreciation to intuitive eating facets: Does body image flexibility serve as a mediator? 解释从身体欣赏到直觉饮食的前瞻性路径:身体形象灵活性是中介吗?
IF 5.2 1区 心理学 Q1 Psychology Pub Date : 2024-04-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2024.101710
Nicole Behrend , Jennifer B. Webb , Petra Warschburger

Initial evidence suggests that body appreciation prospectively predicts intuitive eating. However, the limited number of longitudinal studies focused solely on girls and women, with a lack of evaluation among men. Furthermore, the underlying mechanisms explaining this relationship remain poorly understood. The present study examined whether body appreciation prospectively predicted intuitive eating facets among women and men in Germany. We also tested whether adaptive affect regulation skills (i.e., body image flexibility) mediated these relationships. We analyzed data from 1436 women and 704 men across three time points: Baseline (T1), 6-month (T2), and 12-month (T3) follow-up, using latent variable path models to assess direct and indirect effects. Among women, T1 body appreciation directly predicted T3 body–food choice congruence. Additionally, body appreciation indirectly predicted unconditional permission to eat, eating for physical rather than emotional reasons, and reliance on hunger and satiety cues at T3 via its effect on T2 body image flexibility. Among men, T1 body appreciation indirectly predicted T3 eating for physical rather than emotional reasons via T2 body image flexibility. Our findings suggest that body image flexibility plays a pivotal role in explaining why individuals who appreciate their bodies are more likely to eat intuitively.

初步证据表明,身体鉴赏力可预测直觉饮食。然而,数量有限的纵向研究仅关注女孩和女性,缺乏对男性的评估。此外,人们对解释这种关系的内在机制仍然知之甚少。本研究考察了身体鉴赏力是否能预测德国女性和男性的直觉饮食特征。我们还测试了适应性情绪调节技能(即身体形象灵活性)是否对这些关系起到了中介作用。我们分析了 1436 名女性和 704 名男性在三个时间点的数据:我们使用潜变量路径模型来评估直接和间接效应。在女性中,T1 的身体鉴赏力直接预测了 T3 的身体-食物选择一致性。此外,身体鉴赏通过对 T2 身体形象灵活性的影响,间接预测了无条件允许进食、出于身体原因而非情感原因进食以及在 T3 阶段对饥饿和饱腹提示的依赖。在男性中,T1 身体鉴赏力通过 T2 身体形象灵活性间接预测了 T3 出于身体原因而非情绪原因的进食。我们的研究结果表明,身体形象灵活性在解释为什么欣赏自己身体的人更有可能凭直觉进食方面起着关键作用。
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引用次数: 0
The impact of fitspiration comments on adult women’s body dissatisfaction and negative affect fitpiration 评论对成年女性身体不满意度和负面情绪的影响
IF 5.2 1区 心理学 Q1 Psychology Pub Date : 2024-03-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2024.101708
Lauren A. Stutts , Kerstin K. Blomquist

The present study examined the impact of writing different types of comments in response to fitspiration (fitness inspiration) images on women’s body dissatisfaction and negative affect. Women (N = 256) from the general population (age range: 18 to 49) were randomized to write one of three types of comments on the same fitspiration images: appearance (comment on the woman’s appearance), functionality (comment on what the woman’s body can do), or background (comment on the image background). Participants completed measures of state body dissatisfaction and negative affect pre- and post-exposure and measures of appearance comparison and functionality appreciation post-exposure. After controlling for pre-body dissatisfaction due to a baseline difference among groups, there was no difference among groups in body dissatisfaction at post-exposure. Negative affect decreased from pre- to post-exposure across all groups, but there was no difference by group or interaction by time and group. The background group reported lower state appearance comparison than the appearance group. There were no group differences in functionality appreciation. Our results suggest that commenting on image backgrounds might decrease appearance comparison relative to making appearance comments and that writing comments on appearance, functionality, or the background in response to fitspiration may be beneficial for mood.

本研究探讨了针对 fitpiration(健身启发)图片撰写不同类型评论对女性身体不满意度和负面情绪的影响。来自普通人群的女性(N = 256)(年龄范围:18 岁至 49 岁)被随机分配到对相同的 fitpiration 图片写三种类型评论中的一种:外观(对女性外观的评论)、功能(对女性身体所能做的评论)或背景(对图片背景的评论)。受试者在曝光前和曝光后完成了身体不满意度和负面情绪的测量,在曝光后完成了外貌比较和功能评价的测量。由于各组之间存在基线差异,在控制了暴露前的身体不满意度后,暴露后的身体不满意度在各组之间没有差异。各组的负面情绪从暴露前到暴露后都有所下降,但各组之间没有差异,时间和组之间也没有交互作用。背景组报告的状态外观比较低于外观组。在功能性鉴赏方面没有组间差异。我们的研究结果表明,相对于对外表的评论,对图片背景的评论可能会减少对外表的比较。
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引用次数: 0
Two sides of the self-love coin: Self-compassion text-only posts and body positive photo-based content both positively affect body image 自爱硬币的两面:纯文字的自怜帖子和基于身体正面照片的内容都会对身体形象产生积极影响
IF 5.2 1区 心理学 Q1 Psychology Pub Date : 2024-03-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2024.101686
Emma J. Sullivan , Janet P. Trammell , Jennifer A. Harriger

Although body-positive content is associated with increased positive body image, concerns regarding the continued focus on appearance have emerged. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine whether self-compassion text-only content provided benefits beyond traditional photo-based body positivity content. Undergraduates (n = 283; 179 women, 104 men) were randomly assigned to view body positive photos, self-compassion text-only content, or architectural images (control condition). Participants assigned to both experimental conditions demonstrated a significant increase in measures of state body appreciation, state body satisfaction, and state self-compassion, however they did not differ significantly from each other. The self-compassion condition also differed significantly from the control condition. Trait appearance comparisons moderated the relationship between experimental condition and state body appreciation and state body satisfaction, and gender did not affect the relationship between condition and the outcome measures. Results of this study support the inclusion of body-positivity images and self-compassion text-only content in social media interventions for improving body image for men and women.

虽然身体正面内容与身体正面形象的提升有关,但人们对持续关注外貌也产生了担忧。因此,本研究旨在探讨纯文字的自我同情内容是否比传统的以照片为基础的身体正面内容更有益处。本科生(n = 283;179 名女性,104 名男性)被随机分配到观看正面身体照片、自我同情纯文字内容或建筑图片(对照条件)。被分配到两种实验条件下的参与者在身体状态欣赏度、身体状态满意度和身体状态自我同情方面都有显著提高,但它们之间没有明显差异。自我同情条件与对照条件也有显著差异。特质外观比较调节了实验条件与状态身体欣赏和状态身体满意度之间的关系,而性别并不影响实验条件与结果测量之间的关系。这项研究的结果支持在社交媒体干预中加入身体积极性图片和自我同情纯文字内容,以改善男性和女性的身体形象。
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引用次数: 0
A pre-post evaluation of the impact of the Embrace Kids film on children's and adults' body image and self-compassion 关于 "拥抱孩子 "电影对儿童和成人身体形象及自我同情影响的前后期评估
IF 5.2 1区 心理学 Q1 Psychology Pub Date : 2024-03-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2024.101700
Philippa Granfield , Eva Kemps , Ivanka Prichard

Given the prevalence of body dissatisfaction among young people, which tends to persist into adulthood, a need exists for large-scale interventions that address this problem. Film has been identified as a resource that is well-suited to large-scale dissemination, which can achieve broad impact and reach. Embrace Kids, a film aimed at improving young people’s body image, is one such resource. To evaluate the film’s impact on body image, 55 children (M = 10.59, SD = 1.49) and 47 adults (M = 43.75, SD = 8.54) were recruited from the Australian general public to complete a brief survey before and after viewing the film. After viewing the film, significant increases in state body appreciation, state functionality appreciation and state self-compassion were reported for children (d = 0.46 – 0.61) and adults (d = 0.88 – 1.08). They supported the safety of the film by indicating that it did not make them more concerned about their appearance. Findings provide initial support for the film as a scalable intervention that can be safely task-shifted to non-professional audiences. Future research directions include comparing the effect of Embrace Kids against a control film, and testing the longitudinal impact of the film on trait body image.

鉴于年轻人普遍对身体不满意,而且这种不满意往往会持续到成年,因此需要采取大规模的干预措施来解决这一问题。电影被认为是一种非常适合大规模传播的资源,可以产生广泛的影响和覆盖面。旨在改善青少年身体形象的电影《拥抱孩子》就是这样一种资源。为了评估这部电影对身体形象的影响,我们从澳大利亚公众中招募了 55 名儿童(平均年龄 10.59 岁,平均年龄 1.49 岁)和 47 名成年人(平均年龄 43.75 岁,平均年龄 8.54 岁),让他们在观看电影前后填写一份简短的调查问卷。据报告,观看影片后,儿童(d = 0.46 - 0.61)和成人(d = 0.88 - 1.08)的身体状态鉴赏力、功能状态鉴赏力和自我同情状态都有明显提高。他们支持影片的安全性,表示影片并没有让他们更加关注自己的外表。研究结果初步证明,该影片是一种可扩展的干预措施,可以安全地将任务转移给非专业观众。未来的研究方向包括比较《拥抱孩子》与对照影片的效果,以及测试影片对特质身体形象的纵向影响。
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引用次数: 0
Psychometric evaluation of a revised version of the body appreciation scale-2 for autistic adults (BAS-2A) 修订版自闭症成人身体鉴赏量表-2(BAS-2A)的心理测量学评估
IF 5.2 1区 心理学 Q1 Psychology Pub Date : 2024-03-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2024.101706
Phaedra Longhurst , Jennifer Todd , Jane Elizabeth Aspell , Viren Swami

Emerging evidence points to unique conceptualisations of positive body image in autistic individuals. However, there are no existing measures of positive body image that have been developed or validated for use with autistic adults. To rectify this, we developed a revised version of the BAS-2 – the BAS-2A – and examined its factorial validity and psychometric properties in a sample of autistic adults from the United Kingdom. Based on the results of exploratory factor analysis and scale purification, we extracted a 12-item, unidimensional model of BAS-2A scores in a first split-subsample (n = 273). Confirmatory factor analysis supported the unidimensional model of BAS-2A scores in a second split-subsample (n = 277). BAS-2A scores presented adequate composite reliability, measurement invariance across gender identity, and patterns of construct validity. For both women and men, BAS-2A scores correlated positively with self-esteem, well-being, quality of life, and adaptive coping, and inversely with dietary restraint, weight/shape overvaluation, body dissatisfaction, and depression. Finally, BAS-2A scores demonstrated incremental validity, predicting self-esteem over-and-above body dissatisfaction. However, temporal stability of the BAS-2A over three weeks was not supported. These results support the BAS-2A as a psychometrically robust measure of body appreciation for use in autistic adults from the United Kingdom.

新的证据表明,自闭症患者的积极身体形象具有独特的概念。然而,目前还没有针对自闭症成人开发或验证的积极身体形象测量方法。为了纠正这种情况,我们开发了 BAS-2 的修订版--BAS-2A,并在英国的自闭症成人样本中检验了其因子效度和心理测量特性。根据探索性因子分析和量表纯化的结果,我们在第一分样本(n = 273)中提取了一个 12 个项目的 BAS-2A 分数单维模型。在第二个分裂子样本(n = 277)中,确认性因子分析支持 BAS-2A 分数的单维模型。BAS-2A 分数具有足够的综合信度、跨性别身份的测量不变性和建构效度模式。对于女性和男性而言,BAS-2A 分数与自尊、幸福感、生活质量和适应性应对呈正相关,而与饮食限制、体重/体形高估、身体不满意和抑郁呈反相关。最后,BAS-2A 分数显示了递增有效性,它对自尊的预测超过了对身体不满意的预测。然而,BAS-2A 在三周内的时间稳定性并没有得到支持。这些结果表明,BAS-2A 是一种心理计量学上稳健的身体鉴赏测量方法,适用于英国的成年自闭症患者。
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引用次数: 0
Adults diagnosed with gynecologic cancer and their relationship with their body: A study on the supportive role of yoga using interpretative phenomenological analysis 被诊断患有妇科癌症的成年人及其与身体的关系:利用解释现象学分析法研究瑜伽的辅助作用
IF 5.2 1区 心理学 Q1 Psychology Pub Date : 2024-03-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2024.101705
Jenson Price , Jennifer Brunet

The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore the thoughts, feelings, attitudes, and perceptions of adults diagnosed with gynecologic cancer on their body, and the role of yoga in shaping these aspects. A phenomenological research design was used. Fifteen women (Mage=50.1 ± 13.5 years, range=28–66) who practice yoga at least once/week completed a sociodemographic survey online, two semi-structured interviews, and a 30-day journal online. Quantitative data were analysed using descriptive statistics. Qualitative data were analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis. Participants’ responses and the authors’ interpretations were summarized into four main superordinate themes: (1) internal monologue of the changed body, (2) balancing act between acceptance and improvement, (3) value of taking time to prioritize oneself by practicing yoga, and (4) transformative catalysts of expectation and mindset on body-related self-perceptions after yoga. Body functionality and appearance, and their sexual health were often deeply interconnected, and impacted participants’ self-perceptions and behaviours. Yoga was a vehicle for growth and acceptance; however, participants’ expectations and mindsets before and during yoga could lead to negative self-perceptions after yoga. The findings underscore the importance of integrating yoga – a holistic practice – into survivorship care programs, while emphasizing the need to address expectations and attitudes that could hinder positive outcomes.

这项定性研究的目的是探讨被诊断患有妇科癌症的成年人对自己身体的想法、感受、态度和看法,以及瑜伽在塑造这些方面所起的作用。研究采用了现象学研究设计。15 名每周至少练习一次瑜伽的女性(年龄=50.1 ± 13.5 岁,范围=28-66)在线完成了一项社会人口学调查、两次半结构式访谈和一份 30 天的在线日志。定量数据采用描述性统计进行分析。定性数据采用解释性现象分析法进行分析。参与者的回答和作者的解释被归纳为四个主要的上位主题:(1)改变后身体的内心独白;(2)接受和改善之间的平衡;(3)通过练习瑜伽花时间优先考虑自己的价值;(4)期望和心态对瑜伽后与身体相关的自我认知的转化催化剂。身体功能和外观以及性健康往往是相互关联的,并影响着参与者的自我认知和行为。瑜伽是一种促进成长和接受的工具;然而,参与者在瑜伽前和瑜伽过程中的期望和心态可能会导致瑜伽后的负面自我认知。研究结果强调了将瑜伽这一整体练习融入幸存者护理计划的重要性,同时也强调了解决可能阻碍积极结果的期望和态度的必要性。
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引用次数: 0
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