Transportation Research Part F-Traffic Psychology and Behaviour最新文献_第2页

Is physical literacy associated with active transportation among children? A general mixed model analysis across twelve schools 体育素养与儿童主动交通有关吗？十二所学校的一般混合模型分析

IF 3.5 2区工程技术 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED

Transportation Research Part F-Traffic Psychology and Behaviour

Pub Date : 2024-11-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.trf.2024.11.009

Anna Stage , Anne Kelso , Peter Elsborg , Peter Bentsen , Johannes Carl

Background

Active transportation (AT) marks an eco-friendly mode of physical activity that is well integrable into daily life. Despite the dominance of social-ecological approaches to explaining AT, previous studies often drew on a fragmented set of variables to describe AT behavior. The concept of physical literacy (PL) comprises physical, affective, and cognitive determinants for physical activity and, therefore, enables a concentrated, theory-guided view on intraindividual determinants for AT. The goal of the present study was to examine empirical associations between PL and modes of AT (considering the influencing and moderating effect of grade and sex/gender, respectively).

Methods

Within the scope of the DAPL study, data from 663 children (age: 6–13 years) from 41 classes (grades 1–6) across twelve schools in Denmark were analyzed. The school children (mean age: 9.81 years; 55 % girls) completed measurements of PL (Danish version of the CAPL-2: physical, affective, and cognitive component; total score) and self-reported their AT mode for seven days. We calculated general mixed models with the class as a random-effects factor to examine the relationship between PL and six different modes of AT.

Results

Total PL as well the physical, cognitive, and affective domains of PL were not associated with overall AT (p > 0.05). However, we found significant associations of total PL (B = 0.35) and the physical domain (B = 0.21) with biking. The affective and cognitive domains of PL did not significantly correlate with any AT indicator. The present effects were not moderated by students’ grade and sex/gender.

Conclusions

Public health strategies should strive for a mode-tailored approach when targeting children’s AT. Person-centered health and physical education must increase their efforts in promoting children’s holistic biking skills to effectively foster AT behavior. The provision of holistic experiences should emphasize the integration of psychomotor and affective learning.

背景积极交通（AT）是一种生态友好型体育活动模式，可以很好地融入日常生活。尽管社会生态学方法在解释主动式交通方面占据主导地位，但以往的研究往往利用一系列零散的变量来描述主动式交通行为。身体素养（PL）的概念包含了身体、情感和认知等方面决定身体活动的因素，因此，它能够以理论为指导，集中研究个体内部决定运动疗法的因素。本研究的目的是考察体育素养与 AT 模式之间的经验关联（分别考虑年级和性别的影响和调节作用）。方法在 DAPL 研究范围内，分析了来自丹麦 12 所学校 41 个班级（1-6 年级）的 663 名儿童（年龄：6-13 岁）的数据。这些学龄儿童（平均年龄：9.81 岁；55% 为女孩）完成了 PL 测量（丹麦语版 CAPL-2：身体、情感和认知部分；总分），并自我报告了他们七天的 AT 模式。我们计算了以班级为随机效应因子的一般混合模型，以研究 PL 与六种不同的 AT 模式之间的关系。结果总 PL 以及 PL 的身体、认知和情感领域与总体 AT 没有关联（p > 0.05）。然而，我们发现总 PL（B = 0.35）和身体领域（B = 0.21）与骑自行车有明显的关联。PL 的情感和认知领域与任何 AT 指标都没有显著相关性。结论：在针对儿童的运动疗法时，公共卫生策略应努力采取因材施教的方法。以人为本的健康和体育教育必须加大力度促进儿童的整体骑车技能，从而有效地培养儿童的活动能力。提供整体体验应强调心理运动和情感学习的结合。

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引用次数: 0

Decision modeling for automated driving in dilemmas based on bidirectional value alignment of moral theory values and fair human moral values 基于道德理论价值和人类公平道德价值的双向价值一致性的困境中自动驾驶决策建模

IF 3.5 2区工程技术 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED

Transportation Research Part F-Traffic Psychology and Behaviour

Pub Date : 2024-11-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.trf.2024.11.001

Yanli Wang, Guozhen Tan, Huaiwei Si

The decision-making issues in autonomous driving dilemmas, namely, the inevitable personal injury accidents, have become a key factor affecting the future development of autonomous driving. Currently, the main difficulty in dilemma decision-making problems lies in the moral controversies involved. To address this challenge, this paper proposes a dilemma decision model for autonomous driving with bidirectional value alignment of moral theory values and human moral values. First, this paper utilizes the counterfactual fairness to eliminate personal bias and learn fair human values from human feedback. Then, the dilemma decision problem for autonomous driving is solved by bidirectional value alignment of moral values fair human values. Through real human decision-making data from the MM experiment, the necessity of establishing this model is demonstrated, and its effectiveness and stability are verified in a virtual environment. The experimental results are shown that compared to other ethical decision-making methods, this model is more in line with ethical morals and human values. It also avoids introducing discriminatory elements from human values into the model’s dilemma decisions, providing better interpretability for decisions and offering superior solutions for dilemmas.

自动驾驶两难决策问题，即不可避免的人身伤害事故，已成为影响自动驾驶未来发展的关键因素。目前，两难决策问题的主要难点在于所涉及的道德争议。为解决这一难题，本文提出了一种道德理论价值与人类道德价值双向统一的自动驾驶两难决策模型。首先，本文利用反事实公平性消除个人偏见，并从人类反馈中学习公平的人类价值观。然后，通过道德价值观与人类公平价值观的双向价值一致性，解决自动驾驶的两难决策问题。通过 MM 实验的真实人类决策数据，证明了建立该模型的必要性，并在虚拟环境中验证了其有效性和稳定性。实验结果表明，与其他伦理决策方法相比，该模型更符合伦理道德和人类价值观。它还避免了将人类价值观中的歧视性因素引入模型的两难决策中，为决策提供了更好的可解释性，并为两难决策提供了更优越的解决方案。

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引用次数: 0

Beyond behavior: Understanding the role of values and personality on pedestrian behaviors 超越行为：了解价值观和个性对行人行为的影响

IF 3.5 2区工程技术 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED

Transportation Research Part F-Traffic Psychology and Behaviour

Pub Date : 2024-11-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.trf.2024.11.017

Nesrin Budak , Türker Özkan

Understanding pedestrian behaviors is crucial due to their responsibility for road safety outcomes. Young road users are the most vulnerable group regarding road traffic crashes. This study explores, for the first time in literature, the moderating effect of personality on the relationship between values and pedestrian behaviors among young adults using two major theories in psychology research, The Big Five Personality Model and Schwartz Value Theory. A sample of 389 young adults (Female = 261; M_age = 22.12; SD = 1.89) completed a set of questionnaires. Moderation analyses revealed that conscientiousness and neuroticism emerged as significant moderators. Specifically, increased self-enhancement is associated with more violations at low levels of conscientiousness. Conversely, a low level of conscientiousness, accompanied by increased self-enhancement and openness to change values, is associated with decreased aberrant pedestrian behaviors among young adults. High neuroticism, accompanied by increased openness to change and self-transcendence, is associated with decreased aggressive behaviors. Increased conservation is associated with higher positive behaviors at low levels of neuroticism, while higher self-transcendence is associated with fewer positive behaviors at high levels of neuroticism. The results highlight the interaction between values and personality in influencing pedestrian behaviors, which could be used in pedestrian-specific interventions and educational programs to reduce the unsafe behaviors of pedestrians. The findings are presented in detail and discussed in the context of the relevant literature.

由于行人对道路安全结果负有责任，因此了解行人的行为至关重要。年轻的道路使用者是道路交通事故中最易受伤害的群体。本研究利用心理学研究中的两大理论--大五人格模型和施瓦茨价值理论，首次在文献中探讨了人格对年轻人价值观和行人行为之间关系的调节作用。389 名青壮年（女性 = 261；年龄 = 22.12；标准差 = 1.89）完成了一组调查问卷。调节分析表明，自觉性和神经质是重要的调节因素。具体地说，在自觉性水平较低的情况下，自我提升的增加与更多的违规行为有关。相反，低水平的自觉性伴随着更高的自我提升和对改变价值观的开放性，与年轻人减少异常行人行为有关。神经质程度高，对变化的开放性和自我超越性增强，与攻击性行为减少有关。在神经质水平较低的情况下，保护意识的增强与积极行为的增加有关，而在神经质水平较高的情况下，自我超越意识的增强与积极行为的减少有关。研究结果凸显了价值观和人格在影响行人行为方面的相互作用，可用于针对行人的干预措施和教育计划，以减少行人的不安全行为。本文将详细介绍研究结果，并结合相关文献进行讨论。

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引用次数: 0

Refining two-stage transition procedures for planned transitions in conditionally automated driving 改进有条件自动驾驶中计划过渡的两阶段过渡程序

IF 3.5 2区工程技术 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED

Transportation Research Part F-Traffic Psychology and Behaviour

Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.trf.2024.10.019

Kunihiro Hasegawa, Yanbin Wu, Ken Kihara

Conditionally automated driving systems perform all driving tasks under limited conditions, but still request a person to take over in planned situations, such as approaching a highway exit. Previous studies have indicated that the two-stage transition procedure can reduce potential risk during the planned transition. In the two-stage transition procedure, the driver first prepares for the takeover, which is only implemented after the driver is ready. However, when the drivers should begin to prepare for the takeover, was uncertain. Although initiating a preparation request early affords more preparation time, it places greater strain on the driver. This study examined the effects of a two-stage transition procedure with preparation times of 5, 10, 20, and 55 s. The results indicated that the takeover reaction time improved when the preparation time was relatively short (5, 10, or 20 s); however, this insufficiently improved the post-transition driving performance. By contrast, with a relatively long preparation time (55 s), both the takeover reaction time and post-transition driving performance notably improved. Additionally, gaze analysis indicated that drivers were subjected to time pressure and hurried during short preparation periods. These results confirm that a two-stage transition would be more effective when initiated earlier with more preparation time.

有条件自动驾驶系统可在有限的条件下执行所有驾驶任务，但在计划的情况下，如接近高速公路出口时，仍需要人员接管。以往的研究表明，两阶段过渡程序可以降低计划过渡期间的潜在风险。在两阶段过渡程序中，驾驶员首先为接管做好准备，只有在驾驶员准备就绪后才实施接管。然而，驾驶员应何时开始为接管做准备并不确定。虽然提前启动准备请求可以获得更多的准备时间，但会给驾驶员带来更大的压力。本研究考察了准备时间为 5、10、20 和 55 秒的两阶段过渡程序的效果。结果表明，当准备时间相对较短时（5、10 或 20 秒），接管反应时间有所改善；但是，这不足以改善过渡后的驾驶性能。相比之下，准备时间相对较长（55 秒）时，接管反应时间和过渡后驾驶性能都有显著提高。此外，凝视分析表明，驾驶员在较短的准备时间内受到时间压力而匆忙。这些结果证实，如果准备时间较长，提前启动两阶段过渡会更有效。

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引用次数: 0

Understanding autonomous vehicle adoption intentions in Malaysia through behavioral reasoning theory 通过行为推理理论了解马来西亚采用自动驾驶汽车的意愿

IF 3.5 2区工程技术 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED

Transportation Research Part F-Traffic Psychology and Behaviour

Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.trf.2024.11.007

Vincent Alexander Rangel , Ali Vafaei-Zadeh , Haniruzila Hanifah , Davoud Nikbin

Over the years, autonomous vehicles have gained significant attention from various stakeholders, with many predicting rising market shares in the upcoming years. However, in Malaysia, the adoption rate is expected to be slower, attributed to low consumer demand. Hence, this study aims to investigate the factors influencing the behavioral intention to adopt autonomous vehicles in Malaysia using Behavioral Reasoning Theory. The study includes belief and value factors, such as openness to change and environmental concerns, as significant predictors of consumers’ reasons and attitudes towards AVs, while also examining the moderating effect of price sensitivity. Using a purposive sampling approach, 323 questionnaire responses were collected from respondents throughout Malaysia and analyzed using the PLS-SEM approach. The findings reveal that consumers’ openness to change and environmental concerns play a significant role in positively influencing their reasons for and attitudes towards AVs, while only openness to change negatively influenced their reasons against AVs. Consumers’ reasons for AVs had the most significant effect on their attitudes towards AVs, compared to other antecedents, and jointly influenced behavioral intention to adopt AVs along with reasons for AVs. Surprisingly, the study did not confirm the moderating effect of price sensitivity on the attitude-behavioral intention relationship, contrasting with previous studies. This study provides local automotive manufacturers, marketers, and policymakers with valuable insights into autonomous vehicle adoption intentions by evaluating Malaysian consumers’ openness to change and environmental concerns.

多年来，自动驾驶汽车受到了各利益相关方的极大关注，许多人预测其市场份额将在未来几年内不断上升。然而，在马来西亚，由于消费者需求较低，预计采用率将放缓。因此，本研究旨在利用行为推理理论调查影响马来西亚采用自动驾驶汽车行为意向的因素。研究将信念和价值因素，如对变化的开放性和环境问题，作为消费者对自动驾驶汽车的原因和态度的重要预测因素，同时还考察了价格敏感性的调节作用。研究采用目的性抽样方法，从马来西亚各地的受访者中收集了 323 份问卷，并使用 PLS-SEM 方法进行了分析。研究结果表明，消费者对变化的开放性和对环境的关注对他们购买反车辆地雷的原因和态度有重要的积极影响，而只有对变化的开放性对他们反对反车辆地雷的原因有消极影响。与其他前因因素相比，消费者采用反车辆的原因对其采用反车辆的态度影响最大，并且与采用反车辆的原因共同影响了采用反车辆的行为意向。令人惊讶的是，本研究并未证实价格敏感性对态度-行为意向关系的调节作用，这与以往的研究形成了鲜明对比。本研究通过评估马来西亚消费者对变革和环境问题的开放性，为当地汽车制造商、营销人员和政策制定者提供了有关自动驾驶汽车采用意向的宝贵见解。

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引用次数: 0

The art of riding safely: A critical examination of advanced rider assistance systems in motorcycle safety discourse 安全骑行的艺术：对摩托车安全论述中的先进骑手辅助系统进行批判性审查

IF 3.5 2区工程技术 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED

Transportation Research Part F-Traffic Psychology and Behaviour

Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.trf.2024.11.003

Anjum Naweed , Ross Blackman

Motorcyclists remain overrepresented in road trauma statistics. However, motorcycles are often overlooked in safe systems frameworks and road safety strategies that consider system-wide behaviour. Although vehicle manufacturers test their technologies, these tests primarily assess whether design objectives are met, not the real-world safety implications for riders which remain unclear. This study examined how motorcycle manufacturers present and talk about advanced rider assistance systems (ARAS) and explored potential safety implications. Website content from a total of 17 motorcycle manufacturers (8 home countries of origin) were extracted and analysed using thematic networks analysis. The results show that, apart from the now widely mandated anti-lock braking system (ABS), few ARAS features were linked directly to observed or measured safety benefits. Despite this, ARAS were promoted as safety positive. Themes of capability, control, and performance were frequently linked to narratives of safety, suggesting that improvements in these areas did not compromise rider safety. Safety was conveyed as something that was being achieved through kinesthetics, better rider-motorcycle integration, and overcoming long-standing issues and discord. The modern motorcycle is akin to a person riding a computer with two wheels. As motorcycle use increases and crashes persist, there is a growing need to better incorporate motorcycling, including vehicle aspects, in road safety strategies, rider guides and handbooks.

在道路创伤统计数据中，摩托车驾驶员所占比例仍然过高。然而，在考虑全系统行为的安全系统框架和道路安全战略中，摩托车往往被忽视。尽管汽车制造商对其技术进行了测试，但这些测试主要评估的是是否达到了设计目标，而不是对骑行者的实际安全影响，这一点仍不清楚。本研究考察了摩托车制造商如何介绍和谈论高级驾驶员辅助系统（ARAS），并探讨了潜在的安全影响。共提取了 17 家摩托车制造商（8 个原产国）的网站内容，并使用主题网络分析法进行了分析。结果表明，除了现已被广泛强制使用的防抱死制动系统（ABS）外，几乎没有将 ARAS 功能与观察到或测量到的安全效益直接联系起来。尽管如此，ARAS 仍被宣传为对安全具有积极意义。能力、控制和性能等主题经常与安全叙事联系在一起，表明这些领域的改进并不会损害驾驶者的安全。安全是通过运动美学、骑手与摩托车更好的融合以及克服长期存在的问题和不和谐来实现的。现代摩托车就像一个人骑着一台有两个轮子的电脑。随着摩托车使用量的增加和碰撞事故的持续发生，越来越有必要将摩托车运动（包括车辆方面）更好地纳入道路安全战略、骑手指南和手册中。

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引用次数: 0

Cognitive load and task switching in drivers: Implications for road safety in semi-autonomous vehicles 驾驶员的认知负荷和任务切换：半自动驾驶车辆对道路安全的影响

IF 3.5 2区工程技术 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED

Transportation Research Part F-Traffic Psychology and Behaviour

Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.trf.2024.11.005

Jinhui Xu , Mohammad Fard , Neng Zhang , John L. Davy , Stephen R. Robinson

As the semi-automation of motor vehicles advances, the prevalence of multitasking and task switching while driving has increased. In the next phase, known as conditional automated driving (level 3 automation), drivers will be able to fully engage in distracting tasks, yet they must be prepared to promptly resume control of the vehicle and maintain safe driving if requested to by the vehicle. In such situations, the driver’s ability to flawlessly switch between the distracting task and the driving task becomes vitally important. This narrative review discusses conditional automated driving within the framework of cognitive psychology concepts of attention and task switching. Delayed reaction time and deteriorated driving performance are attributed to cognitive overload and switch cost. Factors that contribute to driving switch cost are identified and categorized, and several road safety concerns are raised, including: i) switch cost may last for between 20 s to 5 min; ii) inexperienced drivers may be unable to adequately control the vehicle after resuming manual control; and iii) low- and high-intensity non-driving tasks have a greater impact on takeover performance. To minimise the risk to road safety, suggestions have been provided to vehicle manufacturers, road users and regulatory authorities.

随着机动车半自动化进程的推进，驾驶时进行多任务处理和任务切换的情况越来越普遍。在下一阶段，即所谓的有条件自动驾驶（3 级自动驾驶），驾驶员将能够完全投入到分散注意力的任务中，但他们必须做好准备，在车辆提出要求时及时恢复对车辆的控制并保持安全驾驶。在这种情况下，驾驶员在分心任务和驾驶任务之间完美切换的能力就变得至关重要。本综述将在注意力和任务切换的认知心理学概念框架内讨论有条件自动驾驶。反应时间延迟和驾驶性能下降归因于认知超载和切换成本。对造成驾驶切换成本的因素进行了识别和分类，并提出了一些道路安全问题，包括：i) 切换成本可能持续 20 秒至 5 分钟；ii) 缺乏经验的驾驶员在恢复手动控制后可能无法充分控制车辆；iii) 低强度和高强度的非驾驶任务对接管性能的影响更大。为最大限度地降低道路安全风险，已向汽车制造商、道路使用者和监管机构提出建议。

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引用次数: 0

Description and analysis of aberrant riding behaviors of pedal cyclists, e-bike riders and motorcyclists: Based on a self-report questionnaire 描述和分析脚踏自行车、电动自行车和摩托车骑行者的异常骑行行为：基于自我报告问卷

IF 3.5 2区工程技术 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED

Transportation Research Part F-Traffic Psychology and Behaviour

Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.trf.2024.10.021

Qian Qian , Yu Qi , Jing Shi

The aberrant driving behavior of two-wheelers, primarily powered two-wheelers, is one of the complex problems in urban traffic safety management. This study aims to describe the aberrant riding behaviors of two-wheelers, including pedal cyclists, e-bike riders and motorcyclists, as a whole and to explore the similarities and differences in behavioral characteristics among different types of two-wheelers. Therefore, a general two-wheeler riding behavior questionnaire (TWRBQ) was developed for the current two-wheeler traffic conditions in China, and a survey was conducted in Xi’an to test the construct validity of the questionnaire. Through statistical tests and factor analyses, e-bike riders, who were not given enough attention in real-world safety management, were carefully studied. It was found that the characteristics of aberrant riding behaviors of e-bike riders were closer to those of motorcyclists. Both of them showed a much higher frequency of aberrant riding behaviors compared with cyclists. The result implicated that the behaviors of motorcyclists and e-bike riders need to be regulated more than those of cyclists. In addition, correlations were found between some attributes of riders and aberrant riding behavior factors named errors and violations, among which having a driving license for automobiles had a more significant effect on riders’ self-reported driving errors than having a driving license regardless of vehicle types. The results suggest that safety training is necessary for both motorcyclists and e-bike riders, while the level of the training should be improved. Additionally, more attention should be paid to novice, elderly, intense, and commuting riders.

两轮车（主要是动力两轮车）的异常驾驶行为是城市交通安全管理中的复杂问题之一。本研究旨在从整体上描述两轮车（包括脚踏自行车、电动自行车和摩托车）的异常驾驶行为，并探讨不同类型两轮车在行为特征上的异同。因此，针对中国目前的两轮车交通状况，开发了通用两轮车骑行行为问卷（TWRBQ），并在西安进行了调查，以检验问卷的建构效度。通过统计检验和因素分析，对在现实世界安全管理中未受到足够重视的电动自行车骑行者进行了细致研究。结果发现，电动自行车骑行者的异常骑行行为特征与摩托车骑行者较为接近。与骑自行车的人相比，他们都表现出更高的异常骑行行为频率。这一结果表明，摩托车和电动自行车骑行者的行为比自行车骑行者更需要规范。此外，研究还发现了骑行者的一些属性与错误和违规等异常骑行行为因素之间的相关性，其中拥有汽车驾驶执照对骑行者自我报告的驾驶错误的影响比拥有驾驶执照（无论车辆类型）更显著。研究结果表明，无论是摩托车驾驶员还是电动自行车驾驶员，都有必要接受安全培训，但培训的水平有待提高。此外，应更多地关注新手、老年、高强度和通勤骑行者。

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引用次数: 0

High-speed curve negotiation: Can differences in expertise account for the different effects of cognitive load? 高速曲线谈判：专业知识的差异能否解释认知负荷的不同影响？

IF 3.5 2区工程技术 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED

Transportation Research Part F-Traffic Psychology and Behaviour

Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.trf.2024.10.014

M. Celic , S. Arefnezhad , S. Vrazic , J. Billington , N. Merat

The role of expertise in the relationship between cognitive load (CL) and driving performance has received little scientific attention. This real-world study included 8 expert race car drivers and 10 non-expert drivers, who were driving on a racetrack while simultaneously performing cognitively distracting secondary tasks. The experiment examined whether the effects of CL on high-speed driving performance of hairpin, compound, and reverse curves are influenced by drivers’ expertise. In general, we found that non-expert drivers were not any more vulnerable to CL-induced performance decrements than skilled expert drivers, although the relationship between driving expertise and CL appeared to be task- and curve type-dependent. While between-group differences in secondary task performance were not obtained, speed was found to decrease in CL conditions but only in sharp hairpin curves. Additionally, CL affected experts’ and non-experts’ lateral performance in all curve types, although a clear relationship between trajectory deviations and steering corrections was not obtained. While the effects of CL appear to be the most prominent in sharp hairpin curves, the findings of this study suggest curve geometry as a variable that needs greater attention in future studies.

专业知识在认知负荷（CL）和驾驶表现之间的关系中的作用很少受到科学界的关注。这项真实世界的研究包括 8 名专业赛车手和 10 名非专业赛车手，他们在赛道上驾驶的同时还要执行分散认知注意力的次要任务。实验研究了CL对发夹弯、复合弯和反向弯高速驾驶性能的影响是否受驾驶者专业知识的影响。总体而言，我们发现非专业驾驶者并不比熟练的专业驾驶者更容易受到CL导致的成绩下降的影响，尽管驾驶技术与CL之间的关系似乎取决于任务和弯道类型。虽然在次要任务表现方面没有发现组间差异，但我们发现在CL条件下速度会下降，但仅限于急转弯。此外，CL 对专家和非专家在所有弯道类型中的横向成绩都有影响，尽管轨迹偏差和转向修正之间没有明确的关系。虽然 CL 的影响似乎在急发夹弯道中最为突出，但本研究的结果表明，在未来的研究中，弯道几何是一个需要更多关注的变量。

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引用次数: 0

Identifying a broad range of psychological characteristics associated with unsafe driving behaviors 识别与不安全驾驶行为相关的各种心理特征

IF 3.5 2区工程技术 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED

Transportation Research Part F-Traffic Psychology and Behaviour

Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.trf.2024.10.024

Dustin Wood, P.D. Harms, Emmanuel Kofi Adanu

Unsafe driving behaviors (UDBs) represent one of the most consequential classes of behavior in public health. The present study aims to identify a greater range of psychological and behavioral characteristics associated with UDBs, with a special focus on identifying characteristics varying in their associations with different UDBs. Data was analyzed from the Eugene-Springfield Community Study (ESCS) linking self-ratings of the 2539-item International Personality Item Pool (IPIP; Goldberg et al., 2006) to self-reports of four UDBs: speeding, driving after drinking alcohol, driving without a seatbelt, and consuming food or drinks while driving. A subset of 176 IPIP items were identified as having non-trivial relations with the four UDBs, which were then organized into 20 more specific clusters. Some groups were commonly predictive of all four UDBs, such as tendencies to break rules, to view cheating as acceptable, or to talk impulsively. Others were mainly predictive of one UDB but not others. For instance, religiosity was uniquely predictive of lower tendencies to drive after drinking alcohol, whereas negative self-perceptions were uniquely predictive of greater tendencies to drive without a seatbelt. The results provide a more molecular, fine-grained picture of the characteristics associated with UDBs, which can inform larger models of why people engage in UDBs, and why they perform some but not others.

不安全驾驶行为（UDBs）是公共卫生领域中后果最严重的行为类别之一。本研究旨在确定与不安全驾驶行为相关的更广泛的心理和行为特征，尤其侧重于确定与不同不安全驾驶行为相关的不同特征。研究分析了尤金-斯普林菲尔德社区研究（ESCS）的数据，将 2539 项国际人格项目库（IPIP；Goldberg 等人，2006 年）的自我评分与四种僭越行为的自我报告联系起来，这四种僭越行为是：超速、饮酒后驾驶、不系安全带驾驶以及驾驶时食用食物或饮料。176 个 IPIP 项目中的一个子集被确定为与四种 UDBs 有非同一般的关系，然后将其归纳为 20 个更具体的群组。有些群组通常可以预测所有四种 UDBs，如违反规则的倾向、认为欺骗是可以接受的倾向或说话冲动的倾向。另一些则主要预测一种uedbet体育，而不是其他uedbet体育。例如，宗教信仰对较低的酒后驾车倾向具有独特的预测作用，而消极的自我认知对较高的不系安全带驾车倾向具有独特的预测作用。这些结果提供了与uedbet体育相关的更分子化、更细粒度的特征图谱，可以为人们参与uedbet体育的更大模型提供信息，说明他们为什么会参与uedbet体育，以及他们为什么会进行一些uedbet体育而不是其他uedbet体育。

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