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The impact of personality on the propensity of carpooling to work 性格对拼车上班倾向的影响
IF 3.5 2区 工程技术 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.trf.2024.11.006
Rémy Le Boennec , Stéphane Roger , Stéphanie Cœugnet
This study aims to test the sensitivity of five personality tendencies to levers of carpooling to work. We launched a large-scale online questionnaire targeting daily car drivers in France (N = 1,134 respondents) to test the link between levers to engage in carpooling (environmental awareness, confidence in others, relationship to time, economic gain and easy access to carpooling) and five personality tendencies of car drivers’ (feeling of ecological responsibility/ FER, social affinity as a measure of level of extraversion/ SA, saving time tendency to individual with a time-pressure sensitivity/ ST, sensitivity to reward/ SR, and technophilia/ TECH). Respondents were questioned about their home-to-work carpooling habits and motives, their preferences according to some carpooling options, their assessments of a new carpooling to work concept and their projected use of it. The results show a strong link between the five chosen personality tendencies and carpooling practice, perception and overall acceptance, except for the sensitivity to reward (SR). Economic gain is a strong lever for the entire population, and this must be maintained for all and rendered more visible. Our results also reveal that a carpooling to work service, adaptable to all the driver’s requests at each step of carpooling would meet the various needs of the different personality tendencies. In addition, a carpooling application must allow adaptability to specific personality tendencies (FER, ST, SA as a minimum) regarding the choices to be made at each stage of carpooling, while ensuring user-friendliness to facilitate access to those who are least comfortable with new technologies.
本研究旨在测试五种人格倾向对拼车上班杠杆的敏感性。我们针对法国的日常汽车驾驶员(1,134 名受访者)进行了大规模在线问卷调查,以检验参与拼车的杠杆(环境意识、对他人的信任、与时间的关系、经济收益和拼车的便利性)与汽车驾驶员的五种人格倾向(生态责任感/ FER、作为外向程度衡量标准的社会亲和力/ SA、对时间压力敏感的个人的节约时间倾向/ ST、对奖励的敏感性/ SR 和技术癖/ TECH)之间的联系。受访者被问及他们从家到单位的拼车习惯和动机、他们对一些拼车选择的偏好、他们对新的拼车上班概念的评估以及他们对这一概念的预计使用情况。结果表明,除了对奖励的敏感性(SR)之外,所选的五种个性倾向与拼车做法、看法和总体接受度之间存在密切联系。经济收益对所有人来说都是一个强有力的杠杆,必须对所有人都保持这一杠杆作用,并使其更加明显。我们的研究结果还表明,拼车上班服务如果能在拼车的每个步骤中适应所有司机的要求,就能满足不同性格倾向的各种需求。此外,拼车应用程序必须能够适应拼车每个阶段所做选择的特定个性倾向(至少是 FER、ST、SA),同时确保用户友好性,以方便那些最不适应新技术的人使用。
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引用次数: 0
Incorporating personality traits for the study of user acceptance of electric micromobility-sharing services 结合个性特征研究用户对电动微机共享服务的接受程度
IF 3.5 2区 工程技术 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.trf.2024.10.023
Senkai Xie, Feixiong Liao
Electric micromobility-sharing services (EMS) have emerged as a promising mobility tool for tackling transportation problems. Understanding the drivers of user acceptance of EMS is essential for proper deployment. However, there is no consensus in the literature on the effects of psychological factors on EMS adoption, and little research has considered personality traits to capture individual differences. To fill this research gap, we administered a survey through a Dutch panel that integrated the Big Five personality traits into a user acceptance framework and applied structural equation modeling (SEM) to investigate user acceptance of EMS. The quantitative analysis reveals that three UTAUT factors (social influence, performance expectancy, and hedonic motivation) have strong positive direct effects on user acceptance. Among the Big Five personality traits, openness and extraversion have significant but weaker total effects, while other personality traits (conscientiousness, agreeableness, and neuroticism) have no significant effects. It is also found that young people and residents of large cities have a higher intention to adopt EMS, while the majority who are highly satisfied with the status quo transportation modes have a lower intention to use EMS for short trips. The analysis results offer crucial insights into crafting tailored strategies to deploy EMS.
电动微移动共享服务(EMS)已成为解决交通问题的一种前景广阔的移动工具。了解用户接受 EMS 的驱动因素对于正确部署 EMS 至关重要。然而,关于心理因素对 EMS 采用的影响,文献中尚未达成共识,而且很少有研究考虑到个性特征以捕捉个体差异。为了填补这一研究空白,我们通过荷兰小组进行了一项调查,将五大人格特质整合到用户接受度框架中,并应用结构方程建模(SEM)来研究用户对 EMS 的接受度。定量分析显示,三个UTAUT因素(社会影响、绩效预期和享乐动机)对用户接受度有很强的正向直接影响。在五大人格特质中,开放性和外向性的总效应显著但较弱,而其他人格特质(自觉性、合意性和神经质)的总效应不显著。研究还发现,年轻人和大城市居民采用 EMS 的意愿较高,而对现状交通方式非常满意的大多数人在短途旅行中使用 EMS 的意愿较低。分析结果为制定有针对性的 EMS 部署战略提供了重要启示。
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引用次数: 0
Understanding car-sharing by integrating long-, medium- and short-term cognitions 通过整合长期、中期和短期认知了解汽车共享
IF 3.5 2区 工程技术 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.trf.2024.10.020
Christian Bretter , Hemant Sharma , Kate Pangbourne
Examinations into the psychological drivers of car-sharing have to date focused on short-term cognitions such as attitudes, norms, and intentions. In this paper, we integrate such short-term cognitions with medium-term cognitions (e.g., goals) and long-term cognitions (e.g., values), thereby providing a more comprehensive understanding of the psychological drivers of car-sharing. We surveyed a broadly representative sample of the UK population (N = 1,294) and found that values underlie medium-term cognitions (e.g., goals) and short-term cognitions, thereby ultimately influencing car-sharing intentions and behaviour. Moreover, our results show that environmental consciousness and the desire for luxury are important yet opposing goals that affect both intentions to engage in car-sharing and to actually use car-sharing. Overall, we demonstrate that car-sharing may be more complex than previously anticipated and should be understood as a behaviour that results from a complex web of long-, medium-, and short-term cognitions. We discuss practical and theoretical implications.
迄今为止,对汽车共享心理驱动因素的研究主要集中在态度、规范和意图等短期认知上。在本文中,我们将这些短期认知与中期认知(如目标)和长期认知(如价值观)结合起来,从而更全面地了解汽车共享的心理驱动因素。我们对具有广泛代表性的英国人口样本(N = 1,294)进行了调查,发现价值观是中期认知(如目标)和短期认知的基础,从而最终影响汽车共享的意向和行为。此外,我们的研究结果表明,环保意识和对奢华的追求是重要但又相互对立的目标,它们影响着人们参与汽车共享的意愿和实际使用汽车共享的行为。总之,我们证明了汽车共享可能比以前预期的更为复杂,应将其理解为一种由长期、中期和短期认知的复杂网络所产生的行为。我们将讨论其实践和理论意义。
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引用次数: 0
“I will raise my hand and say ‘I over-trust Autopilot’. I use it too liberally” – Drivers’ reflections on their use of partial driving automation, trust, and perceived safety "我会举手说'我过度信任自动驾驶'。我用得太随意了"--驾驶员对部分自动驾驶的使用、信任和安全感的反思
IF 3.5 2区 工程技术 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.trf.2024.09.021
Sina Nordhoff , Marjan Hagenzieker
Introduction: Partially automated cars are on the road. Trust in automation and perceived safety are critical factors determining use of automation. Background: Drivers misuse partially automated driving systems. Misuse is associated with mis-calibrated trust in the automation. Research gap: Little is known about the factors impacting the perceived safety when using partial driving automation. Research objective: The main objective of the present study is to provide a comprehensive driver perspective on the psychological aspects of automation use pertaining to trust in automation, perceived safety, and its relationship with use of automation. Method: Semi-structured interviews (n = 103) were conducted with users of partially automated driving systems. Supplemented with content analysis, natural language processing (NLP) techniques were applied to perform automatic text processing. Guided seed-term analysis was conducted to identify the number of occurrences of the subcategories in the dataset. Main results: We identified human operator-related, automation-related, and environmental factors of trust and perceived safety. The identified factors were more strongly associated with perceived safety than with trust. Participants with physical and visual impairments reported to feel safer using the automation compared to driving manually. Neurotic behavior during manual driving contributed to lower trust and perceived safety using the automation. A correct mental model of the capabilities and limitations of the automation did not guarantee proper automation use. A novel conceptual, process-oriented model, titled PTS-a (predicting trust in and perceived safety of automation use), synthesizes the results of the data analysis. Informed by the cognition-leads-to-emotions approach, the model posits that trust as cognition precedes perceived safety as affective construct. Trust and perceived safety determine how human operators (mis-, dis-)use the automation. Future research: We recommend future research to perform experimental studies to identify cognitive-related thoughts and beliefs pertaining to trust in automation and perceived safety to contribute to the operationalization of these constructs, and unravel the nature of their relationship.
导语部分自动驾驶汽车已经上路。对自动驾驶的信任和安全感是决定使用自动驾驶的关键因素。背景:驾驶员滥用部分自动驾驶系统:驾驶员会滥用部分自动驾驶系统。误用与对自动驾驶系统的错误信任有关。研究空白:人们对使用部分自动驾驶系统时影响安全感的因素知之甚少。研究目标本研究的主要目的是提供一个全面的驾驶员视角,从心理方面探讨自动驾驶的使用,包括对自动驾驶的信任、安全感及其与自动驾驶使用的关系。研究方法对部分自动驾驶系统的用户进行了半结构化访谈(n = 103)。在内容分析的基础上,应用自然语言处理(NLP)技术进行自动文本处理。通过引导种子词分析,确定了数据集中子类别的出现次数。主要结果我们确定了与人类操作员相关、与自动化相关以及与信任和安全感相关的环境因素。与信任相比,已确定的因素与安全感的关联度更高。与手动驾驶相比,有身体和视力障碍的参与者认为使用自动驾驶更安全。手动驾驶过程中的神经质行为会降低对自动驾驶的信任度和安全感。对自动驾驶功能和局限性的正确心理模型并不能保证自动驾驶的正确使用。一个以过程为导向的新概念模型,名为 PTS-a(预测自动驾驶的信任度和安全感),综合了数据分析的结果。根据从认知到情感的方法,该模型认为,信任作为认知,先于感知安全作为情感结构。信任和安全感决定了人类操作员如何(错误地、不正确地)使用自动化。未来研究:我们建议未来的研究开展实验研究,以确定与信任自动化和感知安全相关的认知想法和信念,从而促进这些建构的可操作性,并揭示它们之间关系的本质。
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引用次数: 0
Analysis and comparison of auditory-cognitive and visual-manual distraction risk characteristics and their effect on driving 听觉-认知和视觉-手动分心风险特征及其对驾驶影响的分析与比较
IF 3.5 2区 工程技术 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.trf.2024.11.002
Mengjiao Wu , Xuesong Wang , Jiawen Chen , Xiang Ji , Yiran Sun
Distracted driving is one of the most important causes of traffic crashes, leading 162 countries to establish regulations to control distracted driving, mainly by prohibiting or limiting the use of mobile phones. At present, there is no standard for regulating cellphones or other distractions. Understanding the specific risk characteristics of common distracted driving behaviors is crucial for regulatory development. However, research has been limited in comparing the risk characteristics of common distractions. Hence, this study aims to analyze and compare the risk characteristics of several auditory-cognitive and visual-manual distractions, as well as factors specific to individual drivers. Two crash surrogate indicators, lateral position and acceleration, were categorized into three risk levels. The partial proportional odds model was used to analyze lane keeping events, and the mixed-effects logit model was used for speed control events. Model results showed that, compared with the no-distraction baseline, visual-manual distraction tasks undermined both driver lane control and speed control, while auditory-cognitive distraction had little effect on lane keeping; auditory-cognitive distractions showed less risk of max deceleration than visual-manual distractions, but showed more risk of max acceleration. Additionally, it was found that older and female drivers have a higher risk of max acceleration when distracted, and older drivers have a higher risk of lane departure when distracted. These results provide data support for the development of distracted driving regulations.
分心驾驶是造成交通事故的最重要原因之一,因此有 162 个国家制定了控制分心驾驶的法规,主要是禁止或限制使用手机。目前,还没有规范手机或其他分心行为的标准。了解常见分心驾驶行为的具体风险特征对于制定法规至关重要。然而,在比较常见分心驾驶行为的风险特征方面,研究还很有限。因此,本研究旨在分析和比较几种听觉-认知分心和视觉-手动分心的风险特征,以及驾驶员个人的具体因素。横向位置和加速度这两个碰撞代用指标被分为三个风险等级。分析车道保持事件时使用了偏比例几率模型,分析速度控制事件时使用了混合效应对数模型。模型结果表明,与无分心基线相比,视觉-手动分心任务会破坏驾驶员的车道控制和速度控制,而听觉-认知分心对车道保持的影响很小;听觉-认知分心比视觉-手动分心显示出更小的最大减速风险,但显示出更大的最大加速风险。此外,研究还发现,老年和女性驾驶员在分心时最大加速的风险更高,老年驾驶员在分心时车道偏离的风险更高。这些结果为制定分心驾驶法规提供了数据支持。
{"title":"Analysis and comparison of auditory-cognitive and visual-manual distraction risk characteristics and their effect on driving","authors":"Mengjiao Wu ,&nbsp;Xuesong Wang ,&nbsp;Jiawen Chen ,&nbsp;Xiang Ji ,&nbsp;Yiran Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.trf.2024.11.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trf.2024.11.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Distracted driving is one of the most important causes of traffic crashes, leading 162 countries to establish regulations to control distracted driving, mainly by prohibiting or limiting the use of mobile phones. At present, there is no standard for regulating cellphones or other distractions. Understanding the specific risk characteristics of common distracted driving behaviors is crucial for regulatory development. However, research has been limited in comparing the risk characteristics of common distractions. Hence, this study aims to analyze and compare the risk characteristics of several auditory-cognitive and visual-manual distractions, as well as factors specific to individual drivers. Two crash surrogate indicators, lateral position and acceleration, were categorized into three risk levels. The partial proportional odds model was used to analyze lane keeping events, and the mixed-effects logit model was used for speed control events. Model results showed that, compared with the no-distraction baseline, visual-manual distraction tasks undermined both driver lane control and speed control, while auditory-cognitive distraction had little effect on lane keeping; auditory-cognitive distractions showed less risk of max deceleration than visual-manual distractions, but showed more risk of max acceleration. Additionally, it was found that older and female drivers have a higher risk of max acceleration when distracted, and older drivers have a higher risk of lane departure when distracted. These results provide data support for the development of distracted driving regulations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48355,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Research Part F-Traffic Psychology and Behaviour","volume":"107 ","pages":"Pages 1042-1061"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142653694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Is cannabis associated with more than just driving impairment? An investigation into the psychological dysfunctioning and driving behaviours of active cannabis users 大麻是否不仅仅与驾驶障碍有关?对活跃的大麻使用者的心理功能障碍和驾驶行为的调查
IF 3.5 2区 工程技术 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.trf.2024.11.010
Steven Love , Petra Unger , Bevan Rowland , Kerry Armstrong
Research has suggested that problematic cannabis use is associated with self-regulatory impairments, psychopathology, and the tendency to engage in risk taking behaviours. However, no research has applied the combined dynamics of these factors to the topic of risky driving behaviour specifically. This study investigated whether specific cannabis use patterns (i.e., use onset, duration, frequency, and quantity) and likely dependence influenced driving styles, via their effects towards emotional dysregulation and psychopathology (i.e., anxiety, depression, anger), among an online sample of active Australian cannabis users (N = 200). Group comparisons showed that likely dependent cannabis users reported significantly greater difficulties regulating their emotions, greater incidence of psychopathological symptoms (i.e., anxiety, depression, and anger), and more frequent engagement in risky driving styles (i.e., anxious driving, aggressive driving, dissociative driving, and reckless driving), compared to non-dependent cannabis users. Examination of bivariate correlations demonstrated significant and positive associations between specific cannabis use patterns, emotional regulation difficulties, psychopathology, and risky driving styles. Structural equation modelling highlighted that cannabis use patterns indirectly predicted participants self-reported engagement in risky driving styles via their effects towards self-regulatory difficulties and psychopathology. The findings of this study have highlighted driving related risks associated with cannabis use, outside of typical acute-related impairments. In addition, the study has emphasised the importance of psychological dysfunctioning in the engagement of both substance use and risky driving styles. Understanding this in combination is important for future interventions targeting aberrant driving behaviours.
研究表明,有问题的大麻使用与自我调节障碍、精神病理学和从事冒险行为的倾向有关。然而,还没有研究将这些因素的综合动态具体应用于危险驾驶行为这一主题。本研究调查了活跃的澳大利亚大麻使用者在线样本(N = 200)中,特定的大麻使用模式(即开始使用、持续时间、频率和数量)和可能的依赖性是否会通过对情绪失调和精神病理学(即焦虑、抑郁和愤怒)的影响而影响驾驶方式。分组比较显示,与非依赖大麻者相比,可能依赖大麻者报告的情绪调节难度明显更大,精神病理症状(即焦虑、抑郁和愤怒)发生率更高,危险驾驶方式(即焦虑驾驶、攻击性驾驶、分离驾驶和鲁莽驾驶)发生频率更高。双变量相关性研究表明,特定的大麻使用模式、情绪调节困难、精神病理学和危险驾驶方式之间存在显著的正相关关系。结构方程模型突出表明,大麻使用模式通过对自我调节困难和精神病理学的影响,间接预测了参与者自我报告的危险驾驶方式。这项研究的结果强调了与使用大麻相关的驾驶风险,而不是典型的急性损伤。此外,本研究还强调了心理功能障碍在药物使用和危险驾驶方式中的重要性。了解这两者的结合对于未来针对异常驾驶行为的干预措施非常重要。
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引用次数: 0
Drivers’ acceptance of adaptive warning–monitoring systems. Findings from a car driving simulator study 驾驶员对自适应预警监测系统的接受程度。汽车驾驶模拟器研究结果
IF 3.5 2区 工程技术 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED Pub Date : 2024-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.trf.2024.10.005
Christelle Al Haddad , Mohamed Abouelela , Kris Brijs , Evelien Polders , Tom Brijs , Constantinos Antoniou
Private vehicles are nowadays often equipped with advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) that aim to assist drivers in maintaining safe driving behavior. Understanding users’ acceptance and perceptions towards them is therefore crucial, mostly before developing or implementing additional assistance features. Driving simulators provide a unique opportunity to test ADAS in a controlled environment, in particular when safety–critical situations need to be replicated in a way that is not possible on real roads. In this study, an advanced warning–monitoring system, developed in the context of the recent European–wide naturalistic driving study (i–DREAMS1), is implemented in a driving simulator environment, so that is tested before it is then deployed in vehicles on real roads. For this purpose, a driving simulator study was conducted in Germany, in which 60 drivers participated. The study included three drives: the first was a baseline drive in which in–vehicle warnings were not activated, the second included real–time warnings (interventions), and the third had an additional distraction component, introduced by means of a mobile phone texting task (imposed on participants). Drivers were also asked to fill various questionnaires focusing on their perceptions towards general ADAS and driving, but also towards the implemented system (the i–DREAMS system2). A statistical analysis of the questionnaire results led to the partial validation of the technology acceptance model (TAM) for the i–DREAMS system, for which perceived usefulness (PU) and perceived ease of use (PEU) of the system, both of which resulted from a factor analysis of the attitudinal questions, were found to be crucial factors for the behavioral intention to use it. In the validated TAM, PU of the i–DREAMS system was found to be positively impacted by external variables, namely PU of similar ADAS systems, whereas PEU was found to be positively influenced by driving experience. While the system was overall positively received, findings and lessons learned from the experiment were transferred to future field experiments conducted within the same project, and suggested more generally that driving simulator studies could be very beneficial for testing newly developed in–vehicle technologies, leading on the long run to safer roads.
如今,私家车通常都配备了先进的驾驶员辅助系统(ADAS),旨在帮助驾驶员保持安全的驾驶行为。因此,了解用户对这些系统的接受程度和看法至关重要,尤其是在开发或实施附加辅助功能之前。驾驶模拟器为在受控环境中测试 ADAS 提供了一个独特的机会,尤其是在需要复制真实道路上无法复制的安全关键情况时。在本研究中,在最近进行的全欧洲自然驾驶研究(i-DREAMS1)的背景下开发的先进预警监测系统在驾驶模拟器环境中实施,以便在实际道路上部署车辆之前进行测试。为此,在德国进行了一次驾驶模拟器研究,共有 60 名驾驶员参加。研究包括三次驾驶:第一次是基线驾驶,在此过程中不启动车内警告;第二次包括实时警告(干预);第三次是额外的分心部分,通过手机短信任务(强加给参与者)的方式引入。驾驶员还被要求填写各种调查问卷,重点了解他们对一般 ADAS 系统和驾驶的看法,以及对已实施系统(i-DREAMS 系统2)的看法。通过对问卷结果进行统计分析,部分验证了 i-DREAMS 系统的技术接受模型(TAM),其中系统的有用性感知(PU)和易用性感知(PEU)是影响使用该系统的行为意向的关键因素。在经过验证的 TAM 中,i-DREAMS 系统的易用性受外部变量(即类似 ADAS 系统的易用性)的积极影响,而 PEU 则受驾驶经验的积极影响。虽然该系统总体上受到好评,但从实验中得出的结论和经验教训也被应用到了未来在同一项目内进行的实地实验中,并且更广泛地表明,驾驶模拟器研究对于测试新开发的车载技术非常有益,从长远来看,可以提高道路的安全性。
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引用次数: 0
Impact of level 2 automation on driver behavior: A study using association rules mining 2 级自动化对驾驶员行为的影响:关联规则挖掘研究
IF 3.5 2区 工程技术 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED Pub Date : 2024-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.trf.2024.10.016
Rohit Chakraborty , Syed Aaqib Javed , Subasish Das , Boniphace Kutela , Md Nasim Khan
Driver distraction and reduced situational awareness pose significant risks in vehicles with Level 2 (L2) automation systems, such as adaptive cruise control and lane-keeping assistance. This study analyzed naturalistic driving data using Association Rules Mining (ARM) to investigate the impact of L2 automation on driver behavior. The dataset included 771 driving events categorized by L2 system activation status (active or inactive), intersection types, and hand positions on the steering wheel. Key variables were analyzed, such as eyes-off-road (EOR) time, off-road glance frequency and duration, and the influence of different driving conditions. The findings revealed that driver distraction, indicated by longer EOR times and more frequent off-road glances, is significantly higher when L2 systems are active. Additionally, drivers exhibit the highest levels of inattention with no hands on the wheel during L2 activation. These insights highlighted the need for improved driver-system interfaces. They targeted driver education to enhance the safety and effectiveness of L2 automation, ultimately contributing to safer roadways and better-informed policy decisions.
驾驶员分心和态势感知能力下降对配备二级(L2)自动化系统(如自适应巡航控制系统和车道保持辅助系统)的车辆构成重大风险。本研究利用关联规则挖掘(ARM)分析了自然驾驶数据,以研究二级自动驾驶对驾驶员行为的影响。数据集包括 771 个按 L2 系统激活状态(激活或未激活)、交叉路口类型和手在方向盘上的位置分类的驾驶事件。对关键变量进行了分析,如眼睛离开路面(EOR)时间、离开路面视线的频率和持续时间,以及不同驾驶条件的影响。研究结果表明,当 L2 系统处于激活状态时,驾驶员的分心程度明显更高,表现为 EOR 时间更长、偏离路面的视线更频繁。此外,L2 系统启动时,驾驶员双手不放在方向盘上的注意力不集中程度最高。这些洞察力凸显了改进驾驶员与系统界面的必要性。他们有针对性地开展了驾驶员教育,以提高 L2 自动化的安全性和有效性,最终促进道路更加安全,政策决策更加明智。
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引用次数: 0
Two-stage transition procedure reduces potential hazards on planned transitions in automated driving 两阶段过渡程序可减少自动驾驶计划过渡时的潜在危险
IF 3.5 2区 工程技术 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED Pub Date : 2024-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.trf.2024.10.017
Kunihiro Hasegawa, Yanbin Wu, Ken Kihara
The feasibility of human-system transition in conditional automated driving systems remains an unresolved issue. These advanced systems necessitate support for planned transitions due to their frequent occurrence. Concerns in planned transitions include the lack of situation awareness and physical preparedness; specifically, drivers lack awareness of the traffic situation and their hands are occupied at the moment of transition. In this study, three types of two-stage transition procedures were investigated as potential solutions to these issues. In these procedures, the takeover request was issued after either a prenotification alert (notifying drivers of an impending takeover request) or a preparation request for takeover (requiring drivers to cease non-driving-related activities and monitor the traffic situation with both hands unoccupied for approximately 1 min before the transition). The effectiveness of combining road signs with the preparation request to facilitate takeover was also evaluated. The results indicate that a two-stage transition procedure incorporating a preparation request can mitigate potential hazards in planned transitions. This procedure resulted in shorter takeover reaction times and a lower rate of lane change failures post-takeover compared to the single-stage transition procedure. The addition of road signs to the preparation request further enhanced takeover support. However, the two-stage transition procedure was ineffective when only a prenotification alert was provided without a preparation request. Furthermore, the gaze behaviour of the drivers during the preparation period suggested the development of situation awareness for a safe and smooth takeover. The trend in gaze behaviour shifted from “busy and widespread” to “stably and centralised,” occurring within approximately 20 s. These findings may contribute to the design of automated driving systems, the planning of road infrastructures, and the development of driver monitoring systems.
在有条件的自动驾驶系统中,人-系统转换的可行性仍是一个悬而未决的问题。由于这些先进系统经常出现有计划的转换,因此有必要为其提供支持。计划过渡中存在的问题包括缺乏情况意识和身体准备;具体而言,驾驶员缺乏对交通情况的意识,并且在过渡时双手被占用。本研究调查了三种两阶段过渡程序,作为解决这些问题的潜在方案。在这些程序中,接管请求是在预先通知提醒(通知驾驶员接管请求即将到来)或接管准备请求(要求驾驶员停止与驾驶无关的活动,并在过渡前约 1 分钟双手空闲时监控交通状况)之后发出的。此外,还评估了将道路标志与准备要求相结合以促进接管的效果。结果表明,包含准备请求的两阶段过渡程序可以减轻计划过渡中的潜在危险。与单阶段过渡程序相比,该程序可缩短接管反应时间,降低接管后变道失败率。在准备请求中添加路标进一步增强了接管支持。但是,如果只提供预通知提醒而不提供准备请求,两阶段转换程序则不起作用。此外,驾驶员在准备期间的注视行为表明,他们已经形成了安全顺利接管的情况意识。这些发现可能有助于自动驾驶系统的设计、道路基础设施的规划以及驾驶员监控系统的开发。
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引用次数: 0
Charging or Swapping? A study on the private Consumers’ acceptance of the electricity replenishment mode of new energy vehicles 充电还是换电?私人消费者对新能源汽车电力补充模式的接受度研究
IF 3.5 2区 工程技术 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED Pub Date : 2024-10-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.trf.2024.10.015
Zhisong Chen , Sijun Xia , Zhenchuan Shao , Zhimai Gu , Zhongming Wu , Lin Wu , Xinrui Wang
In recent years, two types of electricity replenishment modes of new energy vehicles (NEVs) have gradually developed in the NEVs market, one is the battery charging mode, and the other is the battery swapping mode. These two electricity replenishment modes have their own advantages and disadvantages, and consumers have different usage experiences. Generally speaking, the battery charging mode is usually more economical than the battery swapping mode, and its usage scenarios are more common, but in terms of replenishment speed and convenience, the battery swapping mode has obvious advantages. Based on the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT) model, this paper tries to explore the key impact factors on the private consumers’ acceptance of the electricity replenishment mode of NEVs in the market, investigate the heterogeneity of gender, age, and income, and justify the development trend of the electricity replenishment mode of NEVs, aiming to provide managerial insights and policy implications for the high-quality development of the electricity replenishment mode of NEVs. The results indicate that among the five-dimensional variables we selected, performance expectancy has little effect on acceptance, while effort expectancy, social influence, and quality sensitivity have a positive impact on acceptance, and perceived risk has a negative impact on acceptance. Gender, age, and income level had different effects on each variable. This has a reference enlightenment for the follow-up production and marketing of related enterprises.
近年来,新能源汽车市场逐渐形成了两种电能补充模式,一种是电池充电模式,另一种是电池交换模式。这两种电力补充模式各有利弊,消费者的使用体验也不尽相同。一般来说,电池充电模式通常比电池更换模式更经济,使用场景也更普遍,但在补电速度和便利性方面,电池更换模式具有明显优势。本文基于技术接受与使用统一理论(UTAUT)模型,试图探讨私人消费者对市场上新能源汽车电能补充模式接受度的关键影响因素,研究性别、年龄和收入的异质性,并对新能源汽车电能补充模式的发展趋势进行论证,旨在为新能源汽车电能补充模式的高质量发展提供管理启示和政策借鉴。结果表明,在我们选取的五个维度变量中,绩效期望对接受度影响不大,而努力期望、社会影响和质量敏感性对接受度有正向影响,感知风险对接受度有负向影响。性别、年龄和收入水平对各变量的影响不同。这对相关企业的后续生产和营销具有参考启示意义。
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Transportation Research Part F-Traffic Psychology and Behaviour
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