Transportation Research Part F-Traffic Psychology and Behaviour最新文献_第10页

Visual exploration strategies of experienced and non-experienced drivers during the takeover of an automated vehicle 有经验和没有经验的驾驶员在接管自动驾驶车辆时的视觉探索策略

IF 4.4 2区工程技术 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED

Transportation Research Part F-Traffic Psychology and Behaviour

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.trf.2025.103457

Pelerin Maëlle , Reynaud Emanuelle , Schnebelen Damien , Ouimet Marie Claude , Perrine Seguin , Navarro Jordan

Visual scanning of the driving environment is a key component in driving. In conditional automation, the vehicle is usually steered by automation, but drivers may be required to take control of the vehicle in certain circumstances. In these takeover situations (TO), visual exploration of the environment is critical for resuming manual control. This study aimed to compare visual explorations over time during TO preparation and actual TO between experienced and non-experienced drivers. Twenty-five participants completed three simulated drives, each comprising three TO maneuvers. Visual strategies were measured by the percentage of gaze time allocated to areas of interest (AOIs) and further characterised through visual exploration sequences (scanpaths) during TO preparation and actual TO. The results indicated that experienced drivers gazed more at the road area in which the vehicle would be located at the time of effective TO than non-experienced drivers. Similarly, immediately after resuming manual control, experienced drivers gazed more at areas where potential hazards may be present than non-experienced drivers. Three main scanpath classes were identified during TO preparation: anticipation of trajectory control, anticipation of speed control, and environment exploration. During subsequent manual driving, two scanpath classes emerged: speed control and trajectory control. These findings are discussed in terms of differences in visual strategies between non-experienced and experienced drivers, shaped by situational context. Functionally classifying visual exploration sequences provides insight into TO processes and offers a promising link to drivers’ situation awareness and performance.

对驾驶环境的视觉扫描是驾驶中的一个关键组成部分。在条件自动化中，车辆通常由自动化控制，但在某些情况下可能需要驾驶员控制车辆。在这些接管情况（TO）中，对环境的视觉探索对于恢复手动控制至关重要。本研究的目的是比较有经验和没有经验的司机在准备到车和实际到车期间的视觉探索。25名参与者完成了三个模拟驾驶，每个模拟驾驶包括三个TO机动。视觉策略通过分配给感兴趣区域（aoi）的凝视时间百分比来衡量，并通过视觉探索序列（扫描路径）在to准备和实际to期间进一步表征。结果表明，经验丰富的驾驶员比没有经验的驾驶员在有效TO时更多地注视车辆所在的道路区域。同样，在恢复手动控制后，有经验的驾驶员会比没有经验的驾驶员更关注可能存在潜在危险的区域。在TO准备过程中，确定了三种主要的扫描路径类型：轨迹控制预测、速度控制预测和环境探索。在随后的手动驾驶中，出现了两种扫描路径：速度控制和轨迹控制。这些发现被讨论在视觉策略方面的差异，在没有经验的和有经验的司机之间，由情景背景形成。对视觉探索序列进行功能分类，可以深入了解TO过程，并为驾驶员的情况感知和性能提供了有希望的联系。

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引用次数: 0

Multi-factor cognitive analysis of human interaction with a conditionally automated vehicle 人与有条件自动驾驶车辆交互的多因素认知分析

IF 4.4 2区工程技术 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED

Transportation Research Part F-Traffic Psychology and Behaviour

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.trf.2025.103469

Sibibalan Jeevanandam, Michael Williamson Tabango, Xipeng Wang, Neera Jain

Human-automation interaction during conditionally-automated driving can be enhanced using human cognition models in the design and operation of the automation. While human trust is a dominant dynamic factor that influences reliance on the automation, researchers have acknowledged that users’ mental workload, risk perception, and self-confidence can also influence the relationship between user trust in the automation and reliance. However, existing studies only examine these factors at most two at a time using an event-based or trial-based experiment–thus limiting the ability to observe the cognitive factors as coupled dynamic variables. To address these gaps, we design and conduct a novel experiment to elicit changes in four cognitive factors while human drivers interact in a continuous drive in a SAE Level 3 vehicle. We manipulate four independent variables (three automation-related and one environmental factor) in our non-event based experiment to enable human cognitive factor analysis throughout their interaction with the automated vehicle during realistic-driving scenarios. We collect data from 37 participants and validate our experiment by testing hypotheses derived from prior foundational work. Results show that our experiment stimulates changes in three cognitive factors—trust, workload, and risk perception—and all three correlate with user reliance on the automation. By virtue of our experiment design, we also demonstrate the effects of interacting stimuli as well as the existence of residual effects of drivers’ initial interactions with the automation. Finally, we find that psychophysiological and behavioral measurements capture changes not reflected in subjective measurements, underscoring the value of collecting multi-modal data for analyzing human cognition.

在条件自动驾驶的设计和操作中，可以利用人类认知模型来增强人与自动驾驶的交互。虽然人的信任是影响自动化依赖的主要动态因素，但研究者已经认识到用户的心理负荷、风险感知和自信也会影响自动化中用户信任与依赖的关系。然而，现有的研究一次最多只能使用基于事件或基于试验的实验来检查这些因素，从而限制了将认知因素作为耦合动态变量观察的能力。为了解决这些问题，我们设计并进行了一项新颖的实验，以了解人类驾驶员在SAE 3级车辆的连续驾驶中相互作用时四个认知因素的变化。在我们的非事件实验中，我们操纵了四个独立变量（三个与自动化相关的因素和一个环境因素），以便在现实驾驶场景中，在与自动驾驶车辆的交互过程中，实现人类认知因素分析。我们收集了37名参与者的数据，并通过测试先前基础工作得出的假设来验证我们的实验。结果表明，我们的实验刺激了三个认知因素的变化——信任、工作量和风险感知——这三个因素都与用户对自动化的依赖相关。通过我们的实验设计，我们还证明了交互刺激的影响以及驾驶员与自动化初始交互的残余效应的存在。最后，我们发现心理生理和行为测量捕捉到主观测量中没有反映的变化，强调了收集多模态数据分析人类认知的价值。

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引用次数: 0

Corrigendum to “Excluded by design: Barriers to human-scale travel revealed through marginalised groups’ experiences of streets”. [Transport. Res. Traffic Psychol. Behav. 116 (2026) n/a–n/a/103383] “被设计排除在外：通过边缘化群体的街道体验揭示人类规模旅行的障碍”的勘误表。(运输。交通心理学。行为，116 (2026)n/a - n/a/103383 [j]

IF 4.4 2区工程技术 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED

Transportation Research Part F-Traffic Psychology and Behaviour

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.trf.2025.103454

Jonathan Flower , John Parkin , Ian Walker

Streets involve a compromise between engineering, regulation and behaviour, aimed at meeting the needs of a diverse range of users (motorists, pedestrians, cyclists, wheelchairs, micromobility) while often attempting to fulfil both Movement and Place functions. It is reasonable to ask to what extent these compromises prioritise the needs of some over others and what might be the consequences. This study used Q-methodology with a selection of road users chosen to represent groups likely to be marginalised by compromises of regulation or design, particularly those who walk or cycle. The analysis revealed five common categories of viewpoints: ‘We are traffic’ (the need for movement in streets, comparable to motorists), ‘Safety and comfort first’ (recognition of streets’ Place function), ‘Access is not optional’ (streets currently deny access to some), ‘Designed for all’ (unless designed for everyone, many will never choose to walk or cycle), and ‘Rules matter’ (rules should prompt those that can harm most to take a greater share of responsibility). These themes show that more marginalised users recognise the balances between Movement and Place and perceive restrictions on their access to public spaces arising from design and regulation compromises. A clear theme was that compromise designs, which expect users of very different vulnerability to mix, are a major barrier to more active travel and that, while a reduction in intimidating behaviour from motorists would be welcome by more marginalised groups, physical separation between means of travel would contribute the most to the creation of street environments conducive to human-scale movement.

街道涉及工程、监管和行为之间的妥协，旨在满足各种用户（驾车者、行人、骑自行车的人、轮椅、微移动）的需求，同时往往试图实现运动和场所功能。我们有理由问，这些妥协在多大程度上优先考虑了一些人的需求，而不是其他人的需求，以及可能产生的后果是什么。这项研究使用q方法，选择了一些道路使用者来代表可能因监管或设计妥协而被边缘化的群体，特别是那些步行或骑自行车的人。分析揭示了五种常见的观点：“我们是交通”（需要在街道上移动，与驾车者相当），“安全和舒适第一”（承认街道的场所功能），“通道不是可选的”（街道目前拒绝一些人进入），“为所有人设计”（除非为所有人设计，否则许多人永远不会选择步行或骑自行车），以及“规则很重要”（规则应该促使那些可能造成最大伤害的人承担更大的责任）。这些主题表明，更多被边缘化的用户认识到运动和场所之间的平衡，并意识到设计和监管妥协对他们进入公共空间的限制。一个明确的主题是，折衷设计，期望不同脆弱性的用户混合，是更积极的旅行的主要障碍，虽然减少驾驶者的恐吓行为会受到更多边缘化群体的欢迎，但出行方式之间的物理分离将有助于创造有利于人类规模运动的街道环境。

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引用次数: 0

Psychological determinants affecting e-bikers’ distracted riding behaviors: A study based on the extended theory of planned behavior 影响电动自行车骑行分心行为的心理因素：基于扩展计划行为理论的研究

IF 4.4 2区工程技术 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED

Transportation Research Part F-Traffic Psychology and Behaviour

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.trf.2025.103456

Yang Liu , Hong Chen , Enze Liu , Yun Xiao , Xiaobao Yang

With the growing popularity of electric bikes (e-bikes) in China, the rate of e-bike accidents is increasing, with distracted riding behavior identified as a key contributor to e-bike crashes. This study examines the psychological factors influencing e-bikers’ distracted riding behaviors (DRB) based on the extended theo-ry of planned behavior (TPB). A scale incorporating TPB constructs along with additional variables (risk perception and transportation environment) was developed to collect empirical data. Four hundred and twenty-three valid questionnaires were collected; subsequently, the reliability and validity of the scale were confirmed. Socio-demographic variations in distracted riding behaviors were assessed using analysis of variance (ANOVA). Structural equation modeling (SEM) and mediation analysis were employed to examine the relationships between distracted riding behaviors and psychological factors. The results indi-cated that the extended TPB model effectively explained and predicted distracted riding behaviors and intentions among e-bikers. The influence of intentions, perceived behavioral control, transportation envi-ronment, risk perception, and attitudes on distracted riding behavior was significant, in descending order of effect, while subjective norms had no significant effect. The partial effect of perceived behavioral control on distracted riding behavior was mediated by intentions and risk perception. Moreover, risk per-ception had no significant direct effect on distracted riding behavior; rather, attitudes and intentions played a mediating role in the relationship between risk perception and distracted riding behavior. Addi-tionally, this study revealed the different influences of risk perception and perceived behavioral control on mobile phone-related and non-mobile phone-related distractions. These findings provide a theoretical basis and valuable insights for designing more effective interventions and safety education programs aimed at reducing e-bikers’ distracted riding behavior.

随着电动自行车（e-bike）在中国的日益普及，电动自行车事故的发生率正在上升，骑自行车时分心的行为被认为是导致电动自行车事故的主要原因。本研究基于扩展的计划行为理论（TPB），探讨了影响电动自行车驾驶者分心骑行行为的心理因素。为了收集经验数据，我们开发了一个包含TPB结构以及附加变量（风险感知和运输环境）的量表。共回收有效问卷423份；随后，对量表的信度和效度进行了验证。使用方差分析（ANOVA）评估分心驾驶行为的社会人口统计学差异。采用结构方程模型（SEM）和中介分析方法，研究了分心驾驶行为与心理因素之间的关系。结果表明，扩展的TPB模型能够有效地解释和预测电动自行车骑行者的分心行为和意图。意向、感知行为控制、交通环境、风险感知和态度对分心骑行行为的影响由大到小显著，主观规范对分心骑行行为的影响不显著。知觉行为控制对分心骑行行为的部分影响是由意图和风险知觉介导的。此外，风险知觉对分心骑行行为没有显著的直接影响；相反，态度和意图在风险感知和分心骑行行为之间的关系中起中介作用。此外，本研究还揭示了风险感知和感知行为控制对手机相关和非手机相关干扰的不同影响。这些发现为设计更有效的干预措施和安全教育计划提供了理论基础和有价值的见解，旨在减少电动自行车骑行者的分心行为。

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引用次数: 0

Transferability of hazard management skills to speed management and vice versa: a driving simulator study 危险管理技能到速度管理的可转移性，反之亦然：驾驶模拟器研究

IF 4.4 2区工程技术 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED

Transportation Research Part F-Traffic Psychology and Behaviour

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.trf.2025.103451

Boripat Ratchaneepun , Brett R.C. Molesworth , Oleksandra Molloy

Deficiencies in Hazard Management (HM) and Speed Management (SM) skills have been widely recognised as leading contributing factors to the high crash rate with young novice drivers. Although existing training programmes have shown to be effective in enhancing either HM or SM individually, the extent to which these skills transfer remains unknown. Therefore, the aim of the present research is to investigate if training interventions targeting one skill set, such as HM training, generalise to SM skills, and vice versa. Ninety young novice drivers were randomly assigned to one of five training conditions: Control, Implicit Training, Combined Feedback, HM Training, and HM Training with HM Feedback, and subsequently assessed on HM and SM performance across two post-training sessions (immediately after training and one-week post training) using a fixed-base driving simulator. The results revealed the benefit (significantly improved hazard mitigation) of ‘HM Training with HM Feedback’ for both concealed (i.e., Environmental Prediction) and divided focus (i.e., Divided Focus and Attention) hazards, but not hazards that were visible to participants (i.e., Behavioural Prediction), and this effect lasted up to one-week post training. In terms of SM, the ‘Combined Feedback’ group consistently showed improved SM skills (spent less time over the speed limit), and this effect was most evident in the lower speed zone of 50 km/h, as opposed to 80 km/h. This effect was also evident one-week post training. In terms of skills transfer, no skill generalisation occurred between HM and SM. These findings underscore the need for innovative training approaches that can simultaneously develop both critical competencies concurrently and enhance the overall safety of young drivers.

危险管理（HM）和速度管理（SM）技能的不足已被广泛认为是导致年轻新手司机撞车率高的主要因素。虽然现有的培训方案已证明在提高HM或SM个人方面是有效的，但这些技能转移的程度仍然未知。因此，本研究的目的是调查针对一组技能的培训干预措施，如HM培训，是否推广到SM技能，反之亦然。90名年轻的新手司机被随机分配到五种训练条件中的一种：控制训练、内隐训练、联合反馈训练、HM训练和HM反馈训练，随后使用固定基地驾驶模拟器评估HM和SM在两个训练后阶段（训练后立即和训练后一周）的表现。结果显示，“HM培训与HM反馈”对隐藏（即环境预测）和分散焦点（即分散焦点和注意）危害都有好处（显着改善了危害缓解），但对参与者可见的危害（即行为预测）没有好处，这种效果持续到培训后一周。在SM方面，“联合反馈”组始终表现出更高的SM技能（超过速度限制的时间更少），这种效果在50公里/小时的较低速度区域最为明显，而不是80公里/小时。这种效果在训练后一周也很明显。在技能转移方面，HM和SM之间没有技能泛化。这些发现强调了创新培训方法的必要性，这种方法可以同时培养两种关键能力，并提高年轻司机的整体安全性。

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引用次数: 0

Micro mobility safety challenges: a study on drivers overtaking bicycles and E-scooters in relation to road conditions and prior riding experience 微交通安全挑战：驾驶员超车自行车和电动滑板车与道路条件和先前骑行经验的关系研究

IF 4.4 2区工程技术 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED

Transportation Research Part F-Traffic Psychology and Behaviour

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.trf.2025.103482

Hyunchul Park, Taeho Oh, Jaehyuck Lim, Inhi Kim

While micromobility offers flexible solutions for first and last mile transportation, harmonizing with the existing public transportation, it raises substantial safety concerns, especially when overtaken by vehicles. Since the road infrastructure and regulations for micromobility have not kept pace with the rapid expansion, understanding the unique safety issues related to micromobility remains a critical task. This study aims to investigate the influence of cross-modal experience—drivers' direct experience with micromobility and road conditions on overtaking behavior towards micromobility, which includes e-scooters and bicycles, representatively. Using a VR-based simulator experiment, data were collected from 30 participants to analyze overtaking behavior. A linear mixed model was applied to assess how these factors impact driver's behaviors, such as lateral clearance, overtaking speed, and gaze fixation counts. The results indicate that drivers with cross-modal experience maintain wider lateral clearances when overtaking both e-scooters and bicycles, reflecting heightened awareness of micromobility safety needs. Additionally, poor road conditions make drivers increase lateral clearance and gaze fixation, emphasizing the importance of road infrastructure in ensuring safety. However, cross-modal experience did not significantly affect overtaking speed and road conditions for e-scooters. Conversely, a significant interaction with bicycles highlights the complexity of driving behavior and the need for comprehensive safety strategies. These findings support the development of educational programs promoting cross-modal experiences and targeted infrastructure improvements, such as dedicated e-scooter lanes, to enhance road safety for all users.

虽然微型交通为第一英里和最后一英里的交通提供了灵活的解决方案，与现有的公共交通相协调，但它引发了重大的安全问题，尤其是在被车辆超越的时候。由于道路基础设施和微交通法规没有跟上快速扩张的步伐，了解与微交通相关的独特安全问题仍然是一项关键任务。本研究旨在探讨跨模式体验——驾驶员对微交通工具的直接体验和道路条件对微交通工具超车行为的影响，以电动滑板车和自行车为代表。采用基于vr的仿真实验，收集30名参与者的数据，分析超车行为。采用线性混合模型来评估这些因素如何影响驾驶员的行为，如横向间隙、超车速度和注视次数。结果表明，具有跨模式经验的驾驶员在超车时保持更大的横向间隙，这反映了他们对微移动安全需求的意识提高。此外，恶劣的道路条件使驾驶员增加横向间隙和注视，强调了道路基础设施在确保安全方面的重要性。然而，跨模式体验对电动滑板车的超车速度和路况没有显著影响。相反，与自行车的重要互动凸显了驾驶行为的复杂性和综合安全策略的必要性。这些发现支持制定促进跨模式体验的教育计划和有针对性的基础设施改进，例如专用电动滑板车车道，以提高所有用户的道路安全。

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引用次数: 0

Preliminary efficacy of ‘high-alert’ a brief smartphone intervention to reduce Cannabis-impaired driving among youth: A pilot randomized controlled trial “高度警惕”智能手机干预减少青少年大麻驾驶的初步效果：一项随机对照试验

IF 4.4 2区工程技术 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED

Transportation Research Part F-Traffic Psychology and Behaviour

Pub Date : 2026-02-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.trf.2025.103489

Robert Colonna , Patricia Tucker , Angela Mandich , Liliana Alvarez

Introduction

Driving under the influence of cannabis (DUIC) is a growing public health concern, particularly among young drivers. This pilot study explores the short-term preliminary efficacy of High Alert, a brief smartphone intervention designed to reduce DUIC among youth.

Methods

An online pilot randomized controlled trial was conducted with 102 youth aged 18–24 who had a history of DUIC (≥3 times in the past 3 months). Participants were randomized into three groups: High Alert (n = 37), Active Control (n = 34), or Passive Control (n = 31). High Alert included two web-based sessions on cannabis and DUIC education. The Active Control received a single session reviewing six DUIC-related infographics, while the Passive Control received no intervention. The primary outcome was self-reported DUIC incidents (alone or with other substances) over 3 months, assessed at baseline and 3-month follow-up.

Results

Among the 52 participants who completed the 3-month follow-up (High Alert: n = 16; Active Control: n = 16; Passive Control: n = 20), High Alert showed the greatest mean reduction in DUIC incidents (-7.44, Cohen’s d = -0.40), compared to Active Control (-3.62, d = -0.49) and Passive Control (-3.05, d = -0.38). The reduction was statistically significant compared to Passive Control (β = -0.61, p = .03), but not Active Control (β = -0.08, p = .781).

Conclusions

Preliminary findings suggest that High Alert may show promise in reducing self-reported DUIC behaviours compared to a no-contact control group, but additional research with larger samples and longer follow-ups is needed.

ClinicalTrials.gov registration

NCT06098573.

在大麻影响下驾驶（DUIC）是一个日益严重的公共卫生问题，特别是在年轻司机中。这项试点研究探讨了高警报的短期初步效果，这是一种旨在减少青少年DUIC的简短智能手机干预。方法对102例18-24岁有DUIC病史（过去3个月内≥3次）的青年患者进行在线先导随机对照试验。参与者被随机分为三组：高度警戒组（n = 37）、主动控制组（n = 34）和被动控制组（n = 31）。“高度警戒”包括两次关于大麻和DUIC教育的网络会议。主动控制组接受单次回顾6张duic相关信息图，而被动控制组不接受干预。主要结局是自我报告的DUIC事件（单独或与其他物质）超过3个月，在基线和3个月的随访中进行评估。结果在完成3个月随访的52名参与者中（高警戒组：n = 16；主动对照组：n = 16；被动对照组：n = 20），与主动对照组（-3.62,d = -0.49）和被动对照组（-3.05,d = -0.38）相比，高警戒组DUIC事件的平均减少幅度最大（-7.44,Cohen’s d = -0.40）。与被动对照组相比，减少有统计学意义（β = -0.61, p = .03），但与主动对照组相比，减少无统计学意义（β = -0.08, p = .781）。初步研究结果表明，与无接触对照组相比，High Alert可能在减少自我报告的DUIC行为方面显示出希望，但需要更多的样本和更长时间的随访研究。

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引用次数: 0

User acceptance of solar vehicles for passenger mobility 用户对太阳能汽车乘客出行的接受程度

IF 4.4 2区工程技术 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED

Transportation Research Part F-Traffic Psychology and Behaviour

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.trf.2025.103398

Stijn van den Hurk, Aloys Borgers, Feixiong Liao

While electric vehicles are often referred to as a suitable means to mitigate the negative externalities of fossil-fueled vehicles, shifting to an all-electric fleet faces challenges. By directly collecting energy from sunlight, solar vehicles are promising to alleviate the induced high need for charging infrastructure. However, public acceptance of solar vehicles and the factors shaping this acceptance remain unclear. Applying an adapted unified theory of acceptance and use of technology 2 (UTAUT2), we investigate the influencing psychological factors and user characteristics of the behavioral intention to adopt solar vehicles as a new mobility tool. Structural equation modeling on a sample from the Netherlands reveals that price value is the strongest predictor of behavioral intention, followed by hedonic motivation, pro-environmental orientation, and social influence. Additionally, mediating and moderating effects are examined to highlight the indirect effects and user profiles. As the first study of its kind for solar vehicles, this research provides insights into user acceptance with implications for policy and market strategies.

虽然电动汽车通常被认为是缓解化石燃料汽车负面外部性的合适手段，但向全电动车队的转变面临着挑战。通过直接从阳光中收集能量，太阳能汽车有望缓解对充电基础设施的高需求。然而，公众对太阳能汽车的接受程度以及影响这种接受程度的因素仍不清楚。本文运用一种新的技术接受和使用统一理论（UTAUT2），研究了太阳能汽车作为一种新型出行工具的行为意向的影响心理因素和用户特征。荷兰样本的结构方程模型显示，价格价值是行为意向的最强预测因子，其次是享乐动机、亲环境取向和社会影响。此外，还研究了中介和调节效应，以突出间接效应和用户概况。作为第一个对太阳能汽车的同类研究，本研究提供了对用户接受程度的见解，并对政策和市场策略产生了影响。

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引用次数: 0

Initial validation of a United States video speed test to measure speed propensity 美国视频速度测试的初步验证，以衡量速度倾向

IF 4.4 2区工程技术 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED

Transportation Research Part F-Traffic Psychology and Behaviour

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.trf.2025.103365

Michael A. Nees, Hope Geiss

The University of Queensland Video Speed Test (UQVST) has shown validity for measuring speed propensity–a tendency to prefer faster or slower driving speeds. Since the test used driving clips filmed in Australia from the left side of the roadway, the validity of the test for use in samples in the United States is not known. A new United States Video Speed Test (USVST) was developed. The new test used ten video clips, each 8 s in duration, which participants viewed before indicating how much slower or faster they would drive in the same scenario. In a preregistered online survey study (N = 393 participants), the USVST showed high internal and test–retest reliability. Like the UQVST, the USVST correlated positively with scores on the speed subscale of the Driving Style Questionnaire and negatively with age. Further, the USVST showed a negative correlation with the cautious driving subscale of the Multidimensional Driving Style Inventory and a positive correlation with the sum of self-reported accidents, violations, and police pullovers. Males also scored significantly higher on the USVST than females. Collectively, this evidence suggested that the USVST may be a useful tool for measuring speeding propensity.

昆士兰大学的视频速度测试（UQVST）已经证明了测量速度倾向的有效性，即倾向于更快或更慢的驾驶速度。由于测试使用了在澳大利亚从道路左侧拍摄的驾驶片段，因此测试在美国使用样本的有效性尚不清楚。一种新的美国视频速度测试（USVST）被开发出来。新的测试使用了10个视频片段，每个片段的持续时间为8秒，参与者在观看这些视频片段后，表明在相同的场景下他们会开得慢或快多少。在一项预注册的在线调查研究中（N = 393名参与者），USVST显示出较高的内部和重测信度。与UQVST一样，USVST与驾驶风格问卷的速度分量表得分呈正相关，与年龄负相关。此外，USVST与多维驾驶风格量表的谨慎驾驶子量表呈负相关，与自述事故、违规和警用套头衫的总和呈正相关。男性在USVST上的得分也明显高于女性。总的来说，这些证据表明USVST可能是测量超速倾向的有用工具。

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引用次数: 0

Women’s Perceived Precautionary Safety on public transit — A life course perspective on harassment experiences, anxiety, and coping behaviour 女性在公共交通上的预防性安全认知——从骚扰经历、焦虑和应对行为的生命历程角度分析

IF 4.4 2区工程技术 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED

Transportation Research Part F-Traffic Psychology and Behaviour

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.trf.2025.103415

Rumana Sarker , Graham Currie , Subeh Chowdhury

Personal safety is a critical factor for women and has an impact on all decisions related to transit journeys. Women are acutely aware of the vulnerability due to their gender and a higher likelihood of becoming a victim of harassment, in particular sexual harassment. The present study contributes by measuring the impact of harassment experiences (verbal and physical) on perceived safety through the adoption of precautionary measures termed as ‘Perceived Precautionary Safety (PPS)’ in this study. The study also examines the impact of past harassment experience during their youth (age under 18). Using data from a panel-based online survey of 528 women rail users in Melbourne, Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) was applied to examine how different forms of harassment influence perceived safety and anxiety-related traits. Results show that both verbal and physical harassment significantly influence PPS. Verbal harassment experience increases PPS, indicating it prompts precautionary personal safety measures in transit. Notably, verbal harassment typically occurs more frequently than physical harassment. However, physical assault has a stronger negative effect on perceived safety, even when precautionary measures are in place. Verbal harassment is strongly associated to higher anxiety traits. Harassment experienced in adolescence significantly undermines PPS, as indicated by a negative correlation. Moreover, low-frequency travel after dark, tram use, women from a culturally diverse background are also linked to lower level of PPS. Regression analysis reveals that women who experienced harassment on transit during adolescence are more likely to reduce rail use in adulthood. Findings underline the emotional toll of harassment and the importance of trauma-informed safety planning in transit.

对妇女来说，人身安全是一个关键因素，影响到与过境旅行有关的所有决定。妇女敏锐地意识到由于其性别而易受伤害，更有可能成为骚扰，特别是性骚扰的受害者。本研究通过采用被称为“感知预防性安全（PPS）”的预防措施来衡量骚扰经历（口头和身体）对感知安全的影响。该研究还调查了青少年时期（18岁以下）遭受骚扰的影响。利用对墨尔本528名女性铁路用户进行的基于小组的在线调查的数据，应用结构方程模型（SEM）来研究不同形式的骚扰如何影响感知的安全和焦虑相关特征。结果表明，言语骚扰和肢体骚扰对PPS均有显著影响。言语骚扰的经历增加了PPS，表明它促使人们在运输过程中采取预防性的个人安全措施。值得注意的是，言语骚扰通常比身体骚扰发生得更频繁。然而，即使采取了预防措施，人身攻击也会对安全感产生更大的负面影响。言语骚扰与较高的焦虑特征密切相关。青春期经历的骚扰显著破坏了PPS，呈负相关。此外，夜间出行频率低、使用有轨电车、文化背景不同的女性也与PPS水平较低有关。回归分析显示，在青少年时期在交通上遭受骚扰的女性更有可能在成年后减少使用铁路。调查结果强调了骚扰造成的情感损失，以及在运输过程中制定创伤知情安全规划的重要性。

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