Pub Date : 2025-07-12DOI: 10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104634
Iva Vukojević , Irina Masnikosa , Matej Gjurković , Nina Drobac , Ana Butković , Martina Lozić , Denis Bratko , Jan Šnajder
Psycholexical studies explore the intricate interplay between language and personality traits, focusing on trait representation in language. One aspect of such representation is the frequency of personality adjective usage. This study examines how linguistic and trait-label properties of personality adjectives relate to their usage frequency. Utilizing a corpus from the social media platform Reddit, we employ natural language processing to analyze Big Five adjectives in person-descriptions. Our results show that trait-label properties exhibit different patterns when considered together rather than separately from linguistic properties—for instance, prefixal composition nullifies the expected effect of polarity on frequency. These findings highlight the importance of considering both linguistic and trait-label properties when assessing the usage of personality adjectives.
{"title":"Personality adjectives in the digital world: A natural language processing study of Big Five adjectives and their usage on Reddit","authors":"Iva Vukojević , Irina Masnikosa , Matej Gjurković , Nina Drobac , Ana Butković , Martina Lozić , Denis Bratko , Jan Šnajder","doi":"10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104634","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104634","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Psycholexical studies explore the intricate interplay between language and personality traits, focusing on trait representation in language. One aspect of such representation is the frequency of personality adjective usage. This study examines how linguistic and trait-label properties of personality adjectives relate to their usage frequency. Utilizing a corpus from the social media platform Reddit, we employ natural language processing to analyze Big Five adjectives in person-descriptions. Our results show that trait-label properties exhibit different patterns when considered together rather than separately from linguistic properties—for instance, prefixal composition nullifies the expected effect of polarity on frequency. These findings highlight the importance of considering both linguistic and trait-label properties when assessing the usage of personality adjectives.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48406,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Personality","volume":"118 ","pages":"Article 104634"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144654421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-07-07DOI: 10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104633
Emanuel Jauk , Sarah Sieber-Frank , Clara Carvalho Hilje , Philipp Kanske , Ricarda Steinmayr , Johannes C. Ehrenthal
Personality functioning (PF) is the central criterion for personality pathology in clinical models. Nonclinical personality models assume emotional intelligence or the general factor of personality as general indicators of adaptiveness. Both are conceptualized as more competence-like than solely trait-like. It has rarely been investigated (1) whether these constructs might assess the same latent dimension, and (2) if they indeed reflect competencies beyond traits. In three samples (N = 592), we observed (1) high convergence between all constructs. (2) PF was related to a full-scale emotional competence performance measure (Mayer-Salovey-Caruso Emotional Intelligence Test), supporting its status as a competence construct. (3) Further, all constructs are strongly saturated with PF variance, and PF can be reliably estimated from common personality scales.
{"title":"Personality functioning across clinical and nonclinical models: further evidence for conceptual convergence between different traditions and the status of personality functioning as a competence construct","authors":"Emanuel Jauk , Sarah Sieber-Frank , Clara Carvalho Hilje , Philipp Kanske , Ricarda Steinmayr , Johannes C. Ehrenthal","doi":"10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104633","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104633","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Personality functioning (PF) is the central criterion for personality pathology in clinical models. Nonclinical personality models assume emotional intelligence or the general factor of personality as general indicators of adaptiveness. Both are conceptualized as more competence-like than solely trait-like. It has rarely been investigated (1) whether these constructs might assess the same latent dimension, and (2) if they indeed reflect competencies beyond traits. In three samples (<em>N</em> = 592), we observed (1) high convergence between all constructs. (2) PF was related to a full-scale emotional competence performance measure (Mayer-Salovey-Caruso Emotional Intelligence Test), supporting its status as a competence construct. (3) Further, all constructs are strongly saturated with PF variance, and PF can be reliably estimated from common personality scales.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48406,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Personality","volume":"118 ","pages":"Article 104633"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144694985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-07-06DOI: 10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104636
Xinlei Zang , Shuai Wang , Juan Yang
Self-esteem is a core personality trait, yet its assessment often relies on self-reports vulnerable to contexts. Integrating Trait Activation Theory, Whole Trait Theory, and the Self-Organizing Self-Esteem model, this study explores voice as a context-independent marker of self-esteem. Across three tasks (N = 211) varying in self-relevance and social evaluative threat, voice features outperformed text in recognizing self-esteem and generalized across situations. Specifically, greater loudness, higher and more stable warmth, and shorter and less variable silence durations indicated higher self-esteem. Based on these findings, we propose the Modality-Based Whole Trait Theory, extending existing theories by emphasizing modality as a boundary condition for personality expression. These findings advance objective personality assessment and highlight the potential of voice for capturing trait-level information.
{"title":"Beyond the text: Voice as a stable marker of self-esteem","authors":"Xinlei Zang , Shuai Wang , Juan Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104636","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104636","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Self-esteem is a core personality trait, yet its assessment often relies on self-reports vulnerable to contexts. Integrating Trait Activation Theory, Whole Trait Theory, and the Self-Organizing Self-Esteem model, this study explores voice as a context-independent marker of self-esteem. Across three tasks (<em>N</em> = 211) varying in self-relevance and social evaluative threat, voice features outperformed text in recognizing self-esteem and generalized across situations. Specifically, greater loudness, higher and more stable warmth, and shorter and less variable silence durations indicated higher self-esteem. Based on these findings, we propose the Modality-Based Whole Trait Theory, extending existing theories by emphasizing modality as a boundary condition for personality expression. These findings advance objective personality assessment and highlight the potential of voice for capturing trait-level information.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48406,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Personality","volume":"117 ","pages":"Article 104636"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144605746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-07-05DOI: 10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104632
Jonas Potthoff, Gabriela Hofer, Anne Schienle
Self-viewing varies significantly among individuals. The present eye-tracking study investigated whether specific facets of grandiose narcissism and self-esteem are associated with gaze behavior during self-face viewing.
In a novel visual probe task, participants pressed a button when a visual target appeared next to a mirror reflecting their face. The task required participants to shift their attention away from their reflection that acted as a distractor. Task performance and gaze behavior were analyzed in relation to general grandiose narcissism, domain-specific narcissism, self-esteem, and self-worth contingencies.
Participants with higher grandiose narcissism and self-esteem spent more time fixating their face, suggesting that people with higher self-esteem or narcissism are more easily distracted by their face than people with lower levels of these traits.
{"title":"Distracted by the mirror? Associations between narcissism, self-esteem and gaze behavior during self-face viewing","authors":"Jonas Potthoff, Gabriela Hofer, Anne Schienle","doi":"10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104632","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104632","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Self-viewing varies significantly among individuals. The present eye-tracking study investigated whether specific facets of grandiose narcissism and self-esteem are associated with gaze behavior during self-face viewing.</div><div>In a novel visual probe task, participants pressed a button when a visual target appeared next to a mirror reflecting their face. The task required participants to shift their attention away from their reflection that acted as a distractor. Task performance and gaze behavior were analyzed in relation to general grandiose narcissism, domain-specific narcissism, self-esteem, and self-worth contingencies.</div><div>Participants with higher grandiose narcissism and self-esteem spent more time fixating their face, suggesting that people with higher self-esteem or narcissism are more easily distracted by their face than people with lower levels of these traits.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48406,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Personality","volume":"117 ","pages":"Article 104632"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144588836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-07-05DOI: 10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104635
Dimitri van der Linden , Andrew Cutler , Putri A. van der Linden , Curtis S. Dunkel
Using Large Language Models (LLMs), we tested the presence of a general factor of personality (GFP) in trait words in natural language (e.g., thousands of books and posts on internet). We included three set of trait words, extracted from well-known classical lexical studies on personality. The general factor we found represented a continuum of social desirable traits, similar to a typical GFP. Moreover, this LLM-based general factor correlated r = 0.86 with the general factor in the original Saucier and Goldberg (1997) data. The findings were robust regarding type of machine learning prompts and statistical methods used. The findings indicate that in natural language, a GFP exists that is similar to previous lexical studies using human raters.
使用大型语言模型（llm），我们测试了自然语言（例如，成千上万的书籍和互联网上的帖子）特征性词汇中人格的一般因素（GFP）的存在。我们收录了三组特征词，摘自著名的经典人格词汇研究。我们发现的一般因素代表了社会理想特征的连续体，类似于典型的GFP。此外，基于llm的一般因子与Saucier and Goldberg（1997）原始数据中的一般因子相关r = 0.86。关于机器学习提示类型和使用的统计方法，研究结果是稳健的。研究结果表明，在自然语言中，存在一种与先前使用人类评分器进行的词汇研究相似的GFP。
{"title":"The general factor of personality (GFP) in natural language: A deep learning approach","authors":"Dimitri van der Linden , Andrew Cutler , Putri A. van der Linden , Curtis S. Dunkel","doi":"10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104635","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104635","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Using Large Language Models (LLMs), we tested the presence of a general factor of personality (GFP) in trait words in natural language (e.g., thousands of books and posts on internet). We included three set of trait words, extracted from well-known classical lexical studies on personality. The general factor we found represented a continuum of social desirable traits, similar to a typical GFP. Moreover, this LLM-based general factor correlated <em>r</em> = 0.86 with the general factor in the original Saucier and Goldberg (1997) data. The findings were robust regarding type of machine learning prompts and statistical methods used. The findings indicate that in natural language, a GFP exists that is similar to previous lexical studies using human raters.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48406,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Personality","volume":"117 ","pages":"Article 104635"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144571806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-26DOI: 10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104631
Lindsay S. Ackerman, Richard E. Lucas
Jingle-jangle fallacies, which are pervasive in psychology, complicate measurement, propagate confusion among scholars, and weaken the conclusions researchers can draw from their studies. In the present study (N = 1,258), we investigated these issues in the domain of self-belief constructs (self-efficacy, self-competence, self-confidence, self-esteem, self-worth, self-value, self-regard, self-liking, and self-respect). Exploratory factor analyses at the scale- and item-levels provided evidence of significant overlap among constructs. A two-factor solution may be best supported by the data, where self-efficacy constitutes one factor and all other constructs the second (though where self-competence falls is less clear). Ultimately, these findings draw attention to the need for clear and concise construct definitions, precise and well-validated measurement instruments, and careful consideration when researchers propose new constructs.
{"title":"What’s in a name? Exploring overlap among self-belief constructs","authors":"Lindsay S. Ackerman, Richard E. Lucas","doi":"10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104631","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104631","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Jingle-jangle fallacies, which are pervasive in psychology, complicate measurement, propagate confusion among scholars, and weaken the conclusions researchers can draw from their studies. In the present study (<em>N</em> = 1,258), we investigated these issues in the domain of self-belief constructs (self-efficacy, self-competence, self-confidence, self-esteem, self-worth, self-value, self-regard, self-liking, and self-respect). Exploratory factor analyses at the scale- and item-levels provided evidence of significant overlap among constructs. A two-factor solution may be best supported by the data, where self-efficacy constitutes one factor and all other constructs the second (though where self-competence falls is less clear). Ultimately, these findings draw attention to the need for clear and concise construct definitions, precise and well-validated measurement instruments, and careful consideration when researchers propose new constructs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48406,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Personality","volume":"117 ","pages":"Article 104631"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144501812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-20DOI: 10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104630
Anna M. Zalewska , Dorota Weziak-Bialowolska , Olga Grabowska-Chenczke , Anna Werner-Maliszewska , Agnieszka Zawadzka-Jabłonowska
This study examines how early-life family experiences are associated with adult well-being (subjective, eudaimonic social, and eudaimonic personal well-being) and the role of personality traits in this process. Using data from 202,898 respondents across 22 countries in the Global Flourishing Study (representative samples, cross-sectional data), we find that positive family experiences predict higher well-being and foster traits such as extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, and emotional stability, but not openness. These four traits positively predict all well-being types, while openness is linked only to personal well-being and shows no association with subjective well-being and a weak negative link to social well-being. Our results show that personality traits (excluding openness) partially explain how early-life family experiences are associated with adult well-being. Additionally, growing up with married parents is linked to higher social well-being, a relationship fully mediated by personality traits except for extraversion. These findings underscore the possibly lasting impact of early-life family environments on well-being in adulthood, with personality traits acting as key mechanisms. While supportive family backgrounds contribute to well-being through personality development, fostering these traits in individuals from less favorable backgrounds may promote well-being and personal growth. Understanding these associations can inform policies and interventions that help individuals flourish.
{"title":"Family experiences while growing up, personality traits, and well-being: A mediation analysis","authors":"Anna M. Zalewska , Dorota Weziak-Bialowolska , Olga Grabowska-Chenczke , Anna Werner-Maliszewska , Agnieszka Zawadzka-Jabłonowska","doi":"10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104630","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104630","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study examines how early-life family experiences are associated with adult well-being (subjective, eudaimonic social, and eudaimonic personal well-being) and the role of personality traits in this process. Using data from 202,898 respondents across 22 countries in the Global Flourishing Study (representative samples, cross-sectional data), we find that positive family experiences predict higher well-being and foster traits such as extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, and emotional stability, but not openness. These four traits positively predict all well-being types, while openness is linked only to personal well-being and shows no association with subjective well-being and a weak negative link to social well-being. Our results show that personality traits (excluding openness) partially explain how early-life family experiences are associated with adult well-being. Additionally, growing up with married parents is linked to higher social well-being, a relationship fully mediated by personality traits except for extraversion. These findings underscore the possibly lasting impact of early-life family environments on well-being in adulthood, with personality traits acting as key mechanisms. While supportive family backgrounds contribute to well-being through personality development, fostering these traits in individuals from less favorable backgrounds may promote well-being and personal growth. Understanding these associations can inform policies and interventions that help individuals flourish.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48406,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Personality","volume":"117 ","pages":"Article 104630"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144523666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-16DOI: 10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104627
Dorota Weziak-Bialowolska , Piotr Bialowolski , Richard G. Cowden , Sung Joon Jang , Matt Bradshaw , R. Noah Padgett , Byron R. Johnson , Tyler J. VanderWeele
Prior research documents associations between delayed gratification and important life outcomes such as improved health, well-being, and educational achievement. However, less is known about how levels of delayed gratification vary across cultures and across demographic groups, as well as which childhood antecedents contribute to delayed gratification in adulthood. This study examines variations in delayed gratification across demographic groups and its childhood predictors. A diverse and representative dataset of 202,898 individuals from 22 countries is used. Random-effects meta-analysis and E-values for robustness are applied to examine associations between nine key demographic factors, childhood predictors, and adult delayed gratification. The mean levels of delayed gratification (scaled 0–10) vary by country, ranging from 5.2 to 8.4, with notable but less substantial variation across demographic characteristics. Among childhood variables, positive subjective health, favorable subjective financial status, frequent childhood religious service attendance, and a positive relationship with one’s father are associated with higher delayed gratification in adulthood. These associations are fairly culturally consistent and moderately robust to unmeasured confounding, though some country specific deviations from this pattern are also observed. The findings have implications for policy and practice aimed at fostering delayed gratification, considering cultural specificity.
{"title":"Delayed gratification across 22 Countries: A cross-national analysis of demographic variation and childhood predictors","authors":"Dorota Weziak-Bialowolska , Piotr Bialowolski , Richard G. Cowden , Sung Joon Jang , Matt Bradshaw , R. Noah Padgett , Byron R. Johnson , Tyler J. VanderWeele","doi":"10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104627","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104627","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Prior research documents associations between delayed gratification and important life outcomes such as improved health, well-being, and educational achievement. However, less is known about how levels of delayed gratification vary across cultures and across demographic groups, as well as which childhood antecedents contribute to delayed gratification in adulthood. This study examines variations in delayed gratification across demographic groups and its childhood predictors. A diverse and representative dataset of 202,898 individuals from 22 countries is used. Random-effects meta-analysis and E-values for robustness are applied to examine associations between nine key demographic factors, childhood predictors, and adult delayed gratification. The mean levels of delayed gratification (scaled 0–10) vary by country, ranging from 5.2 to 8.4, with notable but less substantial variation across demographic characteristics. Among childhood variables, positive subjective health, favorable subjective financial status, frequent childhood religious service attendance, and a positive relationship with one’s father are associated with higher delayed gratification in adulthood. These associations are fairly culturally consistent and moderately robust to unmeasured confounding, though some country specific deviations from this pattern are also observed. The findings have implications for policy and practice aimed at fostering delayed gratification, considering cultural specificity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48406,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Personality","volume":"117 ","pages":"Article 104627"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144308054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-15DOI: 10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104629
Brooke Soulliere , William J. Chopik , Alejandro Carrillo , W.Keith Campbell , Brandon Weiss , Joshua D. Miller
People with and without tattoos are often judged differently, but previous research often neglects the type and characteristics of tattoos. We examined these questions in 274 adults (Mage = 24.59, SD = 7.17; 71.2 % women; 77.2 % White) with 375 tattoos who agreed to have their tattoos photographed for the study and completed a battery of personality measures. Although there was consensus about the personalities of people who had a particular tattoo (i.e., judges agreed in their perceptions of people with tattoos), these judgments were largely inaccurate, with a few exceptions. Specifically, judgments of openness to experience (based solely on tattoos) were modestly accurate and attributable to how “wacky” the tattoo was.
{"title":"Ink and Identity: Personality perceptions based on tattoos","authors":"Brooke Soulliere , William J. Chopik , Alejandro Carrillo , W.Keith Campbell , Brandon Weiss , Joshua D. Miller","doi":"10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104629","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104629","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>People with and without tattoos are often judged differently, but previous research often neglects the <em>type and characteristics of tattoos</em>. We examined these questions in 274 adults (<em>M<sub>age</sub></em> = 24.59, <em>SD</em> = 7.17; 71.2 % women; 77.2 % White) with 375 tattoos who agreed to have their tattoos photographed for the study and completed a battery of personality measures. Although there was consensus about the personalities of people who had a particular tattoo (i.e., judges agreed in their perceptions of people with tattoos), these judgments were largely inaccurate, with a few exceptions. Specifically, judgments of openness to experience (based solely on tattoos) were modestly accurate and attributable to how “wacky” the tattoo was.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48406,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Personality","volume":"117 ","pages":"Article 104629"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144366857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-11DOI: 10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104628
Cavan V. Bonner , Benjamin L. Hankin , Jami F. Young , Brent W. Roberts
The idea that adversity is necessary for psychological growth pervades cultural narratives and lay theories. We empirically tested this notion with a multi-informant, longitudinal study of children and adolescents (n = 682). Initial adversity was not associated with change in effortful control and emotional stability, while increasing adversity was negatively correlated with growth. However, a small sub-group of individuals still managed to grow despite adversity. The narrative that adversity is crucial for growth likely originated, and continues to survive, because scholars and laypeople focus on this minority who grow despite adversity, while overlooking the overall null or negative association. The accumulated evidence suggests that researchers should look elsewhere for the life experiences that reliably lead to growth and not distress.
{"title":"Growth following adversity is rare: Evidence from a multi-informant longitudinal study of children and adolescents","authors":"Cavan V. Bonner , Benjamin L. Hankin , Jami F. Young , Brent W. Roberts","doi":"10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104628","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104628","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The idea that adversity is necessary for psychological growth pervades cultural narratives and lay theories. We empirically tested this notion with a multi-informant, longitudinal study of children and adolescents (<em>n</em> = 682). Initial adversity was not associated with change in effortful control and emotional stability, while increasing adversity was negatively correlated with growth. However, a small sub-group of individuals still managed to grow despite adversity. The narrative that adversity is crucial for growth likely originated, and continues to survive, because scholars and laypeople focus on this minority who grow despite adversity, while overlooking the overall null or negative association. The accumulated evidence suggests that researchers should look elsewhere for the life experiences that reliably lead to growth and not distress.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48406,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Personality","volume":"117 ","pages":"Article 104628"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144314003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：
京公网安备 11010802042870号