Journal of Research in Personality最新文献

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Patiently waiting: The role of trait patience during stressful waiting periods 耐心等待：耐心特质在压力等待期的作用

IF 3.1 2区心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL

Journal of Research in Personality

Pub Date : 2025-11-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104681

Kate Sweeny , Sarah A. Schnitker

This investigation tests whether people higher in trait patience navigate stressful waiting periods with greater emotional well-being and less maladaptive coping. In one exploratory study (N = 799) and three conceptual replications (Ns = 217, 410, 411), undergraduates completed a baseline survey assessing trait patience before entering a laboratory paradigm where they experienced uncertainty while awaiting feedback on their intelligence (Study 1), social skills (Study 2), health risk (Study 3), and attractiveness (Study 4). Participants completed measures of worry, positive and negative emotion, distraction, and suppression during the wait. Mini meta-analysis findings show that patient people worry less and feel less negative and more positive emotion when waiting for personally-relevant news, while avoiding the relatively maladaptive coping strategies of distraction and suppression, with the strongest associations emerging for positive emotion.

这项调查测试了耐性更高的人是否能以更大的情绪幸福感和更少的适应不良应对来度过压力等待期。在一项探索性研究（N = 799）和三项概念性重复研究（N = 217、410和411）中，本科生在进入实验室范式之前完成了一项评估特质耐心的基线调查，在实验室范式中，他们在等待智力（研究1）、社交技能（研究2）、健康风险（研究3）和吸引力（研究4）方面的反馈时经历了不确定性。在等待期间，参与者完成了焦虑、积极和消极情绪、分心和压抑的测试。迷你荟萃分析结果显示，患者在等待与个人相关的新闻时，焦虑减少，消极情绪减少，积极情绪增加，同时避免了相对不适应的分心和抑制应对策略，积极情绪的关联最强。

引用次数: 0

Automated item generation for personality assessment: development and validation of large-language-model-derived HEXACO situational judgment tests 自动项目生成人格评估：开发和验证大语言模型衍生的HEXACO情景判断测试

IF 3.1 2区心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL

Journal of Research in Personality

Pub Date : 2025-11-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104680

Zhaohui Zhang , Zhuoran Tu , Yulei Chen , Xiyao Xiao , Yi Feng , Wen Zhang

Traditional personality assessment struggles to capture behavior across contexts. Though HEXACO provides a broad framework, creating HEXACO-based Situational Judgment Tests (SJTs) is resource-intensive due to expert-developed items. Large language models (LLMs) offer scalable, less biased generation of theory-aligned SJT items. This study evaluates whether LLMs can produce HEXACO items with psychometric quality on par with expert-crafted ones. Across three studies, we compared LLM-generated and expert-created items through review and a human-subject test (N = 227), assessing reliability, validity, and response quality. Results show LLM items match expert items in internal consistency and convergent validity with HEXACO scales. These findings highlight LLMs as a cost-effective, scalable approach to psychometric instrument development and adaptive assessment.

传统的人格评估难以捕捉跨环境的行为。尽管HEXACO提供了一个广泛的框架，但创建基于HEXACO的情境判断测试（sjt）由于需要专家开发项目，需要大量资源。大型语言模型（llm）提供可伸缩的、较少偏差的生成与理论一致的SJT项目。本研究评估llm是否可以制作出与专家制作的具有同等心理测量质量的HEXACO项目。在三项研究中，我们通过回顾和人类受试者测试（N = 227）比较了法学硕士生成的和专家创建的项目，评估了信度、效度和反应质量。结果表明，LLM项目在内部一致性和收敛效度上与HEXACO量表的专家项目相匹配。这些发现强调llm是一种具有成本效益，可扩展的心理测量工具开发和适应性评估方法。

引用次数: 0

Basic dimensions of leader personality: a lexical study in Hebrew 领导人格的基本维度：希伯来语词汇研究

IF 3.1 2区心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL

Journal of Research in Personality

Pub Date : 2025-11-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104679

Noam S. Keshet , Shaul Oreg , Yair Berson , Marcella A.M.G. Hoogeboom , Reinout E. de Vries

Traditional trait-based leadership research relies on generic personality models, overlooking the context-specific nature of personality. We used the lexical approach to develop a leadership-focused personality taxonomy. We identified 199 adjectives for describing leaders (Study 1) and factor analyzed leaders’ (Study 2, N = 402) and followers’ (Study 3, N = 421) ratings of these adjectives. Analyses revealed five dimensions shared across groups, closely related to, yet distinct from the Big Five and HEXACO factors: Energy, Psychopathy, Organization, Irritability, and Intellect. Two follower-specific dimensions—Supportiveness and Weakness—also emerged. Relationships with the Big Five, HEXACO, and leadership criteria supported construct and concurrent validity. Study 4 replicated the structure in samples of military (N = 226) and religious (N = 202) leaders.

传统的基于特质的领导力研究依赖于一般的人格模型，忽视了人格的情境特异性。我们使用词汇法来开发一种以领导力为中心的人格分类法。我们确定了199个描述领导者的形容词（研究1），并对领导者（研究2，N = 402）和追随者（研究3，N = 421）对这些形容词的评价进行了因子分析。分析揭示了群体共有的五个维度，它们与五大因素和HEXACO因素密切相关，但又截然不同：能量、精神病、组织、易怒和智力。此外，还出现了两个特定于追随者的维度——支持性和弱点。与大五、HEXACO和领导标准的关系支持构念和并发效度。研究4在军事（226）和宗教（202）领导人的样本中复制了这种结构。

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Impact of content nonresponsivity on model fit and psychometric network characteristics: A cross-cultural perspective 内容无反应性对模型拟合和心理测量网络特征的影响：跨文化视角

IF 3.1 2区心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL

Journal of Research in Personality

Pub Date : 2025-11-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104678

Gary N. Burns , Ina Grau , Rainer Banse , Xiaowen Chen , Michael W. McFerran

Content nonresponsivity (CNR), such as acquiescence bias and careless responding, poses a significant threat to the validity of psychometric assessments by distorting item-level relationships. This study examines the impact of sample level CNR on both confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and psychometric network analysis (PNA) model statistics across 45 countries. Results indicate that higher levels of sample level CNR were associated with worse model fit and denser, less centralized Big Five personality networks; however, results varied across CNR indices. These findings emphasize the need for researchers to assess and report CNR levels when drawing inferences about differences in model fit or centrality statistics.

内容无反应性（CNR），如默许偏差和粗心反应，通过扭曲项目层面的关系，对心理测量评估的有效性构成重大威胁。本研究考察了样本水平CNR对45个国家的验证性因子分析（CFA）和心理测量网络分析（PNA）模型统计的影响。结果表明，样本水平CNR越高，模型拟合越差，大五人格网络密度越大，集中度越低；然而，不同CNR指数的结果有所不同。这些发现强调了研究人员在推断模型拟合或中心性统计差异时评估和报告CNR水平的必要性。

引用次数: 0

I want it that way: Exploring the role of desire intolerance in emotion-related impulsivity via ecological momentary assessment 我希望是这样的：通过生态瞬时评估来探索欲望不容忍在情绪相关冲动中的作用

IF 3.1 2区心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL

Journal of Research in Personality

Pub Date : 2025-11-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104677

Dylan K. Shelton, Jennifer C. Veilleux

Desire intolerance, the inability to withstand the cognitive, motivational, and affective components of desire, has been linked to engagement in impulsive behaviors. This study explored how individual differences in desire intolerance related to affect and emotion-related impulsivity in daily life. Participants (N = 197) completed one week of ecological momentary assessment to track affect, willpower self-efficacy, rash action and inaction urges, and rash action and inaction behaviors. Results showed that individuals higher in desire intolerance reported more rash action and inaction urges and rash behaviors when negative affect was higher than usual. These findings suggest that desire intolerance could be an indicator of the propensity to engage in rash action and inaction as affect fluctuates.

欲望不耐受，即无法承受欲望的认知、动机和情感成分，与冲动行为有关。本研究探讨了日常生活中欲望不耐受的个体差异与情感和情绪相关冲动的关系。197名参与者完成了为期一周的生态瞬间评估，以追踪情感、意志力自我效能、轻率行动与不作为冲动、轻率行动与不作为行为。结果表明，欲望不耐受程度较高的个体在负面情绪较高时表现出更多的鲁莽行为和不作为冲动和鲁莽行为。这些发现表明，当情绪波动时，欲望不耐受可能是冲动行为和不作为倾向的一个指标。

引用次数: 0

What do agreeable people think about? spontaneous thoughts as a component of personality 随和的人会想些什么？作为个性组成部分的自发思想

IF 3.1 2区心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL

Journal of Research in Personality

Pub Date : 2025-10-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104675

Hamidreza Fereidouni, Muhammad R. Asad, Michael D. Robinson

Although personality encompasses thoughts, feelings, and behaviors, we know comparatively little about the personality-thought interface. The present investigation (3 studies, total N = 486) used a novel laboratory paradigm to assess spontaneous thinking that was not off-task. The personality trait of agreeableness has been characterized in terms of pro-relationship motivation, which, it was hypothesized, would be evident in the content of spontaneous thoughts. Across the 3 studies, higher levels of agreeableness were linked to thinking about relationships more frequently and this association was both robust and discriminant with respect to other thought categories and state affect. Findings are discussed with respect to the motivational substrates of spontaneous thinking and their likely role in linking agreeableness to pro-relationship functioning.

虽然人格包含了思想、感觉和行为，但我们对人格与思想之间的关系所知相对较少。本研究（3项研究，共N = 486）使用了一种新的实验室范式来评估非任务状态下的自发思维。亲关系动机是亲和性人格特征的主要特征，而亲关系动机在自发思维的内容中表现得很明显。在这三项研究中，较高水平的亲和性与更频繁地思考人际关系有关，这种联系在其他思想类别和状态影响方面既牢固又具有歧视性。研究结果讨论了自发思维的动机基础及其在将亲和性与亲关系功能联系起来的可能作用。

引用次数: 0

Hormonal underpinnings of narcissism in women: The role of estradiol measured from blood and self-report 女性自恋的荷尔蒙基础：从血液和自我报告中测量雌二醇的作用

IF 3.1 2区心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL

Journal of Research in Personality

Pub Date : 2025-10-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104676

Jeremiasz Górniak , Marcin Zajenkowski , Gilles E. Gignac , Oliwia Maciantowicz , Konrad S. Jankowski

Previous research has shown that grandiose narcissism, particularly its agentic facet, is positively associated with testosterone in men. In two studies (N₁ = 186; N₂ = 269) we investigated potential hormonal underpinnings of narcissism in women. We examined the associations between facets of narcissism, estradiol levels measured from blood samples, self-reported estradiol, and self-perceived attractiveness. We failed to find a significant association between agentic narcissism and objectively measured estradiol. However, women with higher grandiose narcissism perceived themselves as having elevated estradiol levels and reported feeling more attractive. In women, the effects of estradiol on personality-related behaviors may be context-dependent and temporally variable. Moreover, since estradiol fluctuates across the menstrual cycle, potential associations with state narcissism may be more evident around the fertile (ovulatory) phase.

先前的研究表明，浮夸型自恋，尤其是其主观方面，与男性的睾丸激素呈正相关。在两项研究中（N1 = 186; N2 = 269），我们调查了女性自恋的潜在荷尔蒙基础。我们研究了自恋的各个方面、从血液样本中测量的雌二醇水平、自我报告的雌二醇水平和自我感知的吸引力之间的联系。我们没有发现主观自恋和客观测量的雌二醇之间有显著的联系。然而，浮夸型自恋程度较高的女性认为自己的雌二醇水平较高，感觉自己更有吸引力。在女性中，雌二醇对人格相关行为的影响可能是环境依赖的，并且是暂时可变的。此外，由于雌二醇在整个月经周期中波动，与状态自恋的潜在关联可能在排卵期更为明显。

引用次数: 0

Tradeoffs of humility in the face of existential concerns 面对存在的担忧，谦卑的权衡

IF 3.1 2区心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL

Journal of Research in Personality

Pub Date : 2025-10-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104673

Daryl R. Van Tongeren , Isabella Brady , Claire Van Duinen , Aaron McLaughlin , Don E. Davis , Joshua N. Hook

Five preregistered studies (N = 3,789), examined how individual differences in humility and commitment regarding one’s existential beliefs (i.e., existential humility) were associated with different tradeoffs, including defensiveness and well-being. Using latent profile analyses, Study 1 (n = 807) revealed that existential humility is associated with less defensiveness but also lower well-being. Study 2 (n = 617) found evidence for lower defensiveness and greater empathy and prosociality among the existentially humble. Study 3 (n = 787) and Study 4 (n = 791) found that existentially humble participants reported lower well-being and had mixed defensive responses. Study 5 (n = 787) confirmed existential humility was associated with lower defensiveness, greater empathy and prosociality, and lower well-being. Existential humility engenders tradeoffs and may come with some costs.

五项预先注册的研究（N = 3,789），研究了关于一个人的存在主义信仰（即存在主义谦卑）的谦逊和承诺的个体差异如何与不同的权衡（包括防御和幸福）相关联。研究1 （n = 807）使用潜在轮廓分析显示，存在主义谦卑与较少的防御有关，但也与较低的幸福感有关。研究2 （n = 617）发现，存在谦卑者的防御能力较低，同理心和亲社会倾向较强。研究3 （n = 787）和研究4 （n = 791）发现，存在谦卑的参与者报告的幸福感较低，并且有混合的防御反应。研究5 （n = 787）证实，存在主义谦卑与较低的防御、更强的同理心和亲社会以及较低的幸福感有关。存在的谦逊会带来权衡，可能会带来一些代价。

引用次数: 0

Behavioral tendencies of hostility: A new approach to personality assessment based on person-in-context units 敌对行为倾向：基于人-情境单位的人格评估新方法

IF 3.1 2区心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL

Journal of Research in Personality

Pub Date : 2025-10-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104672

Pranika Vohra , Roberta L. Irvin , Muhammad R. Asad , Michael D. Robinson

There is a great deal of interest in person-in-context approaches to assessment, but such approaches typically result in idiographic conclusions. The present two studies (total N = 350) pioneer a new approach to personality assessment that integrates person-in-context units, obtained from a situational judgment test, with prototype scoring, with the present research applying a hostile person prototype. Participants who matched this prototype to a greater extent were prone to aggressive, deviant, antisocial, risky, and impulsive behaviors. Peers characterized them as hostile (Study 1) and discriminant validity was supported (Study 2). The research demonstrates the value of a new approach to personality assessment that is reliant on person-in-context units of responding rather than trait ratings.

人们对人在情境中的评估方法非常感兴趣，但这种方法通常会得出具体的结论。目前的两项研究（总N = 350）开创了一种新的人格评估方法，该方法将从情境判断测试中获得的人-情境单元与原型评分相结合，本研究采用了敌对人格原型。在更大程度上符合这一原型的参与者更容易出现攻击性、越轨、反社会、冒险和冲动的行为。同伴将他们描述为敌对（研究1），并支持区别效度（研究2）。这项研究证明了一种新的人格评估方法的价值，这种方法依赖于人在情境中的反应单位，而不是特质评级。

引用次数: 0

The interplay between gender and personality in relationship outcomes: Satisfaction across domains and partnership status 性别和个性在关系结果中的相互作用：跨领域满意度和伙伴关系状态

IF 3.1 2区心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL

Journal of Research in Personality

Pub Date : 2025-10-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104674

Filip Fors Connolly, Mikael Goossen

This study tested whether gender moderated links between extraversion, neuroticism, agreeableness and relationship outcomes: satisfaction in friendship, family, romantic domains, and partnership status. Data from 3,780 adults in Australia, Denmark, and Sweden were analyzed. The clearest moderation involved partnership status: extraversion related more strongly to men’s partnering, whereas neuroticism and agreeableness showed negative associations for men and neutral to positive associations for women. For ongoing relationships, neuroticism was more strongly linked to lower satisfaction among men; extraversion related more positively to men’s family satisfaction and agreeableness related more positively to women’s. Links between traits and friendship satisfaction showed minimal gender differences. Partnership-status moderations remained after controlling for age and income, while family-domain moderations attenuated. Patterns were largely consistent across countries.

这项研究测试了性别是否调节了外向性、神经质、宜人性和关系结果之间的联系：对友谊、家庭、浪漫领域和伙伴关系状态的满意度。研究人员分析了来自澳大利亚、丹麦和瑞典的3780名成年人的数据。最明显的调节作用与伴侣关系状态有关：外向性与男性伴侣关系的关系更强，而神经质和宜人性对男性表现出负相关，对女性则表现出中性到正相关。在持续的关系中，男性的神经质与较低的满意度联系更紧密；外向性对男性家庭满意度的影响更显著，亲和性对女性家庭满意度的影响更显著。性格特征和友谊满意度之间的联系显示出很小的性别差异。在控制了年龄和收入后，伙伴关系地位的调节作用仍然存在，而家庭领域的调节作用减弱。各国的模式基本一致。

引用次数: 0

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