Pub Date : 2025-12-01Epub Date: 2025-10-03DOI: 10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104672
Pranika Vohra , Roberta L. Irvin , Muhammad R. Asad , Michael D. Robinson
There is a great deal of interest in person-in-context approaches to assessment, but such approaches typically result in idiographic conclusions. The present two studies (total N = 350) pioneer a new approach to personality assessment that integrates person-in-context units, obtained from a situational judgment test, with prototype scoring, with the present research applying a hostile person prototype. Participants who matched this prototype to a greater extent were prone to aggressive, deviant, antisocial, risky, and impulsive behaviors. Peers characterized them as hostile (Study 1) and discriminant validity was supported (Study 2). The research demonstrates the value of a new approach to personality assessment that is reliant on person-in-context units of responding rather than trait ratings.
{"title":"Behavioral tendencies of hostility: A new approach to personality assessment based on person-in-context units","authors":"Pranika Vohra , Roberta L. Irvin , Muhammad R. Asad , Michael D. Robinson","doi":"10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104672","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104672","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>There is a great deal of interest in person-in-context approaches to assessment, but such approaches typically result in idiographic conclusions. The present two studies (total <em>N</em> = 350) pioneer a new approach to personality assessment that integrates person-in-context units, obtained from a situational judgment test, with prototype scoring, with the present research applying a hostile person prototype. Participants who matched this prototype to a greater extent were prone to aggressive, deviant, antisocial, risky, and impulsive behaviors. Peers characterized them as hostile (Study 1) and discriminant validity was supported (Study 2). The research demonstrates the value of a new approach to personality assessment that is reliant on person-in-context units of responding rather than trait ratings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48406,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Personality","volume":"119 ","pages":"Article 104672"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145266062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-01Epub Date: 2025-08-22DOI: 10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104653
Jiafang Chen , Barbara Nevicka , Astrid C. Homan , Gerben A. van Kleef
While narcissistic individuals tend to exhibit more antisocial (rather than prosocial) behavior in social contexts and evaluate antisocial information more positively, it is unclear how they first come to select social information. This is important to understand as it has bearing on their subsequent behavior. We hypothesized that individuals higher (vs. lower) on antagonistic narcissism select less prosocial and more antisocial information. In two studies, we investigated how antagonistic narcissism affects one’s choice of news headlines. We also examined narcissists’ social motives, (affective) empathy, and sensation seeking as potential underlying mechanisms (S2). Higher antagonistic narcissism predicted selection of less prosocial (S1–S2) and more antisocial information (S1), both of which were explained by lower empathy and higher sensation seeking (S2).
{"title":"You are what you read: Antagonistic narcissism predicts increased preference for antisocial and reduced preference for prosocial information","authors":"Jiafang Chen , Barbara Nevicka , Astrid C. Homan , Gerben A. van Kleef","doi":"10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104653","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104653","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>While narcissistic individuals tend to exhibit more antisocial (rather than prosocial) behavior in social contexts and evaluate antisocial information more positively, it is unclear how they first come to <em>select</em> social information. This is important to understand as it has bearing on their subsequent behavior. We hypothesized that individuals higher (vs. lower) on antagonistic narcissism select less prosocial and more antisocial information. In two studies, we investigated how antagonistic narcissism affects one’s choice of news headlines. We also examined narcissists’ social motives, (affective) empathy, and sensation seeking as potential underlying mechanisms (S2). Higher antagonistic narcissism predicted selection of less prosocial (S1–S2) and more antisocial information (S1), both of which were explained by lower empathy and higher sensation seeking (S2).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48406,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Personality","volume":"119 ","pages":"Article 104653"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144997280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-01Epub Date: 2025-09-05DOI: 10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104665
Tabatha Thibault , Kara Thompson , Matthew Keough , Marvin Krank , Patricia J. Conrod , Sherry H. Stewart
This study examined relations between sensation seeking, impulsivity, COVID-related stress and alcohol consumption using a cross-sectional survey of 1318 students from five Canadian universities. Path analysis found impulsivity was positively associated with all five Covid Stress Scales (CSS-B) and was indirectly associated with more alcohol use through traumatic stress (risk pathway) and indirectly associated with less alcohol consumption through higher danger/contamination fears and economic fears (protective pathways). Sensation seeking was indirectly associated with more alcohol consumption through lower danger/contamination fears (risk pathway). There may have been a ‘healthy’ amount of COVID-related danger/contamination fear that was lacking among sensation seekers. Addressing traumatic stress, such as those inherent during the COVID-19 pandemic, may help reduce drinking among students high in impulsivity..
{"title":"Sensation seeking, impulsivity, COVID-19 stress, and drinking among emerging adults","authors":"Tabatha Thibault , Kara Thompson , Matthew Keough , Marvin Krank , Patricia J. Conrod , Sherry H. Stewart","doi":"10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104665","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104665","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study examined relations between sensation seeking, impulsivity, COVID-related stress and alcohol consumption using a cross-sectional survey of 1318 students from five Canadian universities. Path analysis found impulsivity was positively associated with all five Covid Stress Scales (CSS-B) and was indirectly associated with more alcohol use through traumatic stress (risk pathway) and indirectly associated with less alcohol consumption through higher danger/contamination fears and economic fears (protective pathways). Sensation seeking was indirectly associated with more alcohol consumption through lower danger/contamination fears (risk pathway). There may have been a ‘healthy’ amount of COVID-related danger/contamination fear that was lacking among sensation seekers. Addressing traumatic stress, such as those inherent during the COVID-19 pandemic, may help reduce drinking among students high in impulsivity..</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48406,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Personality","volume":"119 ","pages":"Article 104665"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145049108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-01Epub Date: 2025-08-21DOI: 10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104650
Gudrun Reindl, Hannes Zacher
This article aims to clarify how the Big Five personality traits predict individual differences and changes in three unique occupational well-being components (i.e., the variance that does not overlap with the other two components), beyond core occupational well-being (i.e., the shared variance of the components). We conceptualized occupational well-being as job satisfaction, work meaningfulness, and work psychological richness, and considered employees’ priorities in occupational well-being components. Across seven monthly measurement waves, N = 612 participants provided data, which were analyzed using linear mixed-effect models, growth-curve analyses, and multinomial regression analyses. All five personality traits positively predicted core occupational well-being. Relationships with the unique occupational well-being components differed. Emotional stability, conscientiousness, and openness most strongly predicted occupational well-being. Openness most strongly predicted growth in core occupational well-being. Openness and agreeableness were the best predictors of employees’ priorities in occupational well-being components.
{"title":"The contributions of personality traits to the core, components, and development of occupational well-being","authors":"Gudrun Reindl, Hannes Zacher","doi":"10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104650","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104650","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article aims to clarify how the Big Five personality traits predict individual differences and changes in three unique occupational well-being components (i.e., the variance that does not overlap with the other two components), beyond core occupational well-being (i.e., the shared variance of the components). We conceptualized occupational well-being as job satisfaction, work meaningfulness, and work psychological richness, and considered employees’ priorities in occupational well-being components. Across seven monthly measurement waves, <em>N</em> = 612 participants provided data, which were analyzed using linear mixed-effect models, growth-curve analyses, and multinomial regression analyses. All five personality traits positively predicted core occupational well-being. Relationships with the unique occupational well-being components differed. Emotional stability, conscientiousness, and openness most strongly predicted occupational well-being. Openness most strongly predicted growth in core occupational well-being. Openness and agreeableness were the best predictors of employees’ priorities in occupational well-being components.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48406,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Personality","volume":"119 ","pages":"Article 104650"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145219869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-01Epub Date: 2025-09-05DOI: 10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104664
Jennifer Lynch , Miranda Giacomin , Christian Jordan , Alex J. Benson
This study examined how narcissism and honesty-humility were associated with the trajectory of being liked and viewed as narcissistic in task-oriented teams. We tracked 317 participants (70 teams), gathering round-robin ratings of liking and narcissism. Latent growth curve models were used to estimate the role of personality in predicting the trajectory of being liked and being viewed as narcissistic. Antagonistic narcissism was negatively associated with being liked and positively associated with being viewed as narcissistic; these views remained stable over time. Agentic narcissism was positively associated with initially being liked, but only when controlling for antagonistic narcissism. Honesty-humility was not associated with teammate reputations. The results offer insights into the reputational consequences of narcissism, highlighting how antagonistic narcissism undermines teammate relationships.
{"title":"The reputational consequences of narcissism in teams: Trajectories of liking and being viewed as narcissistic","authors":"Jennifer Lynch , Miranda Giacomin , Christian Jordan , Alex J. Benson","doi":"10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104664","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104664","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study examined how narcissism and honesty-humility were associated with the trajectory of being liked and viewed as narcissistic in task-oriented teams. We tracked 317 participants (70 teams), gathering round-robin ratings of liking and narcissism. Latent growth curve models were used to estimate the role of personality in predicting the trajectory of being liked and being viewed as narcissistic. Antagonistic narcissism was negatively associated with being liked and positively associated with being viewed as narcissistic; these views remained stable over time. Agentic narcissism was positively associated with initially being liked, but only when controlling for antagonistic narcissism. Honesty-humility was not associated with teammate reputations. The results offer insights into the reputational consequences of narcissism, highlighting how antagonistic narcissism undermines teammate relationships.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48406,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Personality","volume":"119 ","pages":"Article 104664"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145096244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-01Epub Date: 2025-09-10DOI: 10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104666
Marc Schreiber , Gregor J. Jenny , Manuela Hürlimann , Yuliya Parfenova , Pius von Däniken , Mark Cieliebak
This paper explores Machine Learning’s (ML) potential to predict motives and personality dispositions from text-based data, aligning with McAdams’ framework on layers of personality. ML-predicted scores demonstrated no significant advantage over a baseline model that consistently predicted the median of the motives or personality dispositions. Possible factors discussed include unmet ML algorithm requirements, unsuitability of collected texts for predicting motives and dispositions, and ML’s limitations in capturing contextualized and implicit aspects of personality. We discuss life narrative research and practice in relation to the nomothetic-idiographic debate and advocate for personality research to incorporate context-specificity and idiosyncrasy. From a social constructionist perspective, we envision future research – though not yet practice – on counselling processes delivered or supported by Generative AI (GenAI).
{"title":"A discourse on the use of machine learning (ML) in personality psychology: Can we expect ML to predict questionnaire scores from idiographic text-based data?","authors":"Marc Schreiber , Gregor J. Jenny , Manuela Hürlimann , Yuliya Parfenova , Pius von Däniken , Mark Cieliebak","doi":"10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104666","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104666","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper explores Machine Learning’s (ML) potential to predict motives and personality dispositions from text-based data, aligning with McAdams’ framework on layers of personality. ML-predicted scores demonstrated no significant advantage over a baseline model that consistently predicted the median of the motives or personality dispositions. Possible factors discussed include unmet ML algorithm requirements, unsuitability of collected texts for predicting motives and dispositions, and ML’s limitations in capturing contextualized and implicit aspects of personality. We discuss life narrative research and practice in relation to the nomothetic-idiographic debate and advocate for personality research to incorporate context-specificity and idiosyncrasy. From a social constructionist perspective, we envision future research – though not yet practice – on counselling processes delivered or supported by Generative AI (GenAI).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48406,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Personality","volume":"119 ","pages":"Article 104666"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145096243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chronotype differences have traditionally been studied through a unidimensional morningness-eveningness model, linking morningness with positive (adaptive) outcomes and eveningness with negative (maladaptive) ones. This study expands this view using a multidimensional approach, assessing Morning Affect, Eveningness, and Distinctness. Latent Profile Analysis was conducted on a sample of 754 Polish adults, and differences between the resulting profiles were examined using the Circumplex of Personality Metatraits to assess underlying (mal)adaptive personality configurations. The analysis revealed four chronotype profile, two morning types: ‘hardy larks’ (stable, adaptive) and ‘vulnerable larks’ (restrained, inhibited), ‘night owls’ (depressive, emotionally labile) and ‘intermediate finches’ (disinhibited, reactive). These findings indicate that chronotype is indeed a multidimensional construct, with its subtypes reflecting distinct constellations of (mal)adaptive personality traits.
{"title":"Do all larks have it better and owls have it worse? Examining the adaptiveness of circadian types in light of the Circumplex of Personality Metatraits","authors":"Joanna Gorgol-Waleriańczyk, Klaudia Ponikiewska, Włodzimierz Strus","doi":"10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104654","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104654","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chronotype differences have traditionally been studied through a unidimensional morningness-eveningness model, linking morningness with positive (adaptive) outcomes and eveningness with negative (maladaptive) ones. This study expands this view using a multidimensional approach, assessing Morning Affect, Eveningness, and Distinctness. Latent Profile Analysis was conducted on a sample of 754 Polish adults, and differences between the resulting profiles were examined using the Circumplex of Personality Metatraits to assess underlying (mal)adaptive personality configurations. The analysis revealed four chronotype profile, two morning types: ‘hardy larks’ (stable, adaptive) and ‘vulnerable larks’ (restrained, inhibited), ‘night owls’ (depressive, emotionally labile) and ‘intermediate finches’ (disinhibited, reactive). These findings indicate that chronotype is indeed a multidimensional construct, with its subtypes reflecting distinct constellations of (mal)adaptive personality traits.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48406,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Personality","volume":"119 ","pages":"Article 104654"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145158774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-01Epub Date: 2025-10-03DOI: 10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104674
Filip Fors Connolly, Mikael Goossen
This study tested whether gender moderated links between extraversion, neuroticism, agreeableness and relationship outcomes: satisfaction in friendship, family, romantic domains, and partnership status. Data from 3,780 adults in Australia, Denmark, and Sweden were analyzed. The clearest moderation involved partnership status: extraversion related more strongly to men’s partnering, whereas neuroticism and agreeableness showed negative associations for men and neutral to positive associations for women. For ongoing relationships, neuroticism was more strongly linked to lower satisfaction among men; extraversion related more positively to men’s family satisfaction and agreeableness related more positively to women’s. Links between traits and friendship satisfaction showed minimal gender differences. Partnership-status moderations remained after controlling for age and income, while family-domain moderations attenuated. Patterns were largely consistent across countries.
{"title":"The interplay between gender and personality in relationship outcomes: Satisfaction across domains and partnership status","authors":"Filip Fors Connolly, Mikael Goossen","doi":"10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104674","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104674","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study tested whether gender moderated links between extraversion, neuroticism, agreeableness and relationship outcomes: satisfaction in friendship, family, romantic domains, and partnership status. Data from 3,780 adults in Australia, Denmark, and Sweden were analyzed. The clearest moderation involved partnership status: extraversion related more strongly to men’s partnering, whereas neuroticism and agreeableness showed negative associations for men and neutral to positive associations for women. For ongoing relationships, neuroticism was more strongly linked to lower satisfaction among men; extraversion related more positively to men’s family satisfaction and agreeableness related more positively to women’s. Links between traits and friendship satisfaction showed minimal gender differences. Partnership-status moderations remained after controlling for age and income, while family-domain moderations attenuated. Patterns were largely consistent across countries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48406,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Personality","volume":"119 ","pages":"Article 104674"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145324587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-01Epub Date: 2025-10-20DOI: 10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104676
Jeremiasz Górniak , Marcin Zajenkowski , Gilles E. Gignac , Oliwia Maciantowicz , Konrad S. Jankowski
Previous research has shown that grandiose narcissism, particularly its agentic facet, is positively associated with testosterone in men. In two studies (N1 = 186; N2 = 269) we investigated potential hormonal underpinnings of narcissism in women. We examined the associations between facets of narcissism, estradiol levels measured from blood samples, self-reported estradiol, and self-perceived attractiveness. We failed to find a significant association between agentic narcissism and objectively measured estradiol. However, women with higher grandiose narcissism perceived themselves as having elevated estradiol levels and reported feeling more attractive. In women, the effects of estradiol on personality-related behaviors may be context-dependent and temporally variable. Moreover, since estradiol fluctuates across the menstrual cycle, potential associations with state narcissism may be more evident around the fertile (ovulatory) phase.
{"title":"Hormonal underpinnings of narcissism in women: The role of estradiol measured from blood and self-report","authors":"Jeremiasz Górniak , Marcin Zajenkowski , Gilles E. Gignac , Oliwia Maciantowicz , Konrad S. Jankowski","doi":"10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104676","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104676","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Previous research has shown that grandiose narcissism, particularly its agentic facet, is positively associated with testosterone in men. In two studies (<em>N<sub>1</sub></em> = 186; <em>N<sub>2</sub></em> = 269) we investigated potential hormonal underpinnings of narcissism in women. We examined the associations between facets of narcissism, estradiol levels measured from blood samples, self-reported estradiol, and self-perceived attractiveness. We failed to find a significant association between agentic narcissism and objectively measured estradiol. However, women with higher grandiose narcissism perceived themselves as having elevated estradiol levels and reported feeling more attractive. In women, the effects of estradiol on personality-related behaviors may be context-dependent and temporally variable. Moreover, since estradiol fluctuates across the menstrual cycle, potential associations with state narcissism may be more evident around the fertile (ovulatory) phase.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48406,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Personality","volume":"119 ","pages":"Article 104676"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145362686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-01Epub Date: 2025-09-20DOI: 10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104667
Meriel I. Burnett , Paul J. Silvia
The present research applied the Dark Tetrad and HEXACO models to individual differences in the creation of vulgar humor: jokes that are disparaging, obscene, hostile, taboo, or otherwise offensive. A sample of 530 adults completed the SD4 and HEXACO-100 and a creative humor production task, and their responses were coded for vulgar content using Detoxify, a large language model trained to detect offensive material. Creating vulgar humor was associated with being male, younger, and less educated. None of the HEXACO traits significantly predicted vulgarity, but the Dark Tetrad trait of sadism predicted significantly greater vulgarity. Taken together, the findings shed light on who is likely to create jokes that violate norms of politeness.
{"title":"Vulgarity and hilarity: The dark tetrad and HEXACO as predictors of creating aggressive, obscene, and otherwise offensive humor","authors":"Meriel I. Burnett , Paul J. Silvia","doi":"10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104667","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jrp.2025.104667","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present research applied the Dark Tetrad and HEXACO models to individual differences in the creation of vulgar humor: jokes that are disparaging, obscene, hostile, taboo, or otherwise offensive. A sample of 530 adults completed the SD4 and HEXACO-100 and a creative humor production task, and their responses were coded for vulgar content using Detoxify, a large language model trained to detect offensive material. Creating vulgar humor was associated with being male, younger, and less educated. None of the HEXACO traits significantly predicted vulgarity, but the Dark Tetrad trait of sadism predicted significantly greater vulgarity. Taken together, the findings shed light on who is likely to create jokes that violate norms of politeness.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48406,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Research in Personality","volume":"119 ","pages":"Article 104667"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145158772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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