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People in relationally mobile cultures report higher well-being. 在关系流动的文化中,人们的幸福感更高。
IF 3.4 2区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL Pub Date : 2024-10-17 DOI: 10.1037/emo0001439
Liuqing Wei, Alexander Scott English, Thomas Talhelm, Yan Zhang, Xuyun Tan, Jiong Zhu, Junxiu Wang

In cultures with high relational mobility, relationships are free and flexible. People can make new friends easily, and they have the freedom to leave unsatisfying relationships. In cultures with low relational mobility, relationships are more fixed, and people have less freedom to leave relationships. We argue that people experience higher well-being if they have the freedom to exit toxic relationships and find new partners easily. In Study 1, we ran a controlled comparison by testing people all within the same nation. We measured well-being and relational mobility in a representative sample of 22,669 people across China. People reported greater well-being in relationally mobile prefectures. Study 2 found this same relationship across 74,657 people in 34 cultures. Study 3 used a cross-lagged design to give more insight into the direction of the relationship. The results showed that relational mobility predicted later subjective well-being, but not the opposite direction. Overall, these data suggest the cultural environments of relational mobility make people happy. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

在关系流动性高的文化中,人际关系是自由和灵活的。人们可以很容易地结交新朋友,也有离开不满意关系的自由。在关系流动性低的文化中,人际关系较为固定,人们离开关系的自由度较低。我们认为,如果人们能够自由地脱离有毒的人际关系,并轻松地找到新的伴侣,那么他们就会获得更高的幸福感。在研究 1 中,我们对同一国家的人进行了对照比较。我们测量了中国 22669 个代表性样本的幸福感和关系流动性。结果显示,在关系流动性较强的省份,人们的幸福感更高。研究 2 在 34 种文化中的 74 657 人中发现了同样的关系。研究 3 采用了交叉滞后设计,以便更深入地了解这种关系的方向。结果表明,关系流动性可以预测以后的主观幸福感,但不是相反。总之,这些数据表明,关系流动性的文化环境能使人幸福。(PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, 版权所有)。
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引用次数: 0
Visual experience shapes bodily representation of emotion. 视觉体验塑造了身体的情绪表征。
IF 3.4 2区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL Pub Date : 2024-10-17 DOI: 10.1037/emo0001440
Giada Lettieri, Roberta P Calce, Eléonore Giraudet, Olivier Collignon

Philosophers and experimentalists have long debated whether bodily representation of emotion is grounded in our sensory experience. Indeed, we are used to observe emotional reactions expressed through the bodies of others, yet it is still unknown whether this observation influences how we experience affective states in our own bodies. To delve into this question, we developed a naturalistic haptic task and asked a group of early (n = 20) and late (n = 20) blind, as well as sighted individuals (n = 20) to indicate where in the body they perceive changes associated with affective states. Our results show that visual experience shapes bodily representation of emotion. Blind and sighted individuals attribute different importance to body regions in relation to specific emotional states, as sighted people focus more on visceral sensations, while blind report as more relevant the mouth and the hand areas. We also observe differences in the coherence of bodily maps of specific emotions, such as aggressiveness, for which early and late blind are homogenous in reporting the mouth, while sighted subjects demonstrate a scattered pattern of activation across the body. Finally, our findings show that blind people rely on a different organization of affect, as only sighted categorize bodily maps of emotion through the valence and arousal dimensions. In summary, we demonstrate that sensory experience impacts the bodily representation of affect by modulating the relevance that different body parts have in emotional reactions, modifying the weights attributed to interoceptive and exteroceptive signals, and changing how emotions are conceptualized in the body. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

长期以来,哲学家和实验学家一直在争论情绪的身体表征是否基于我们的感官体验。事实上,我们习惯于观察他人通过身体表达的情绪反应,但这种观察是否会影响我们如何在自己的身体中体验情绪状态,我们仍然不得而知。为了深入探讨这个问题,我们开发了一个自然触觉任务,要求一组早期盲人(n = 20)、晚期盲人(n = 20)和视力正常者(n = 20)指出他们在身体的哪个部位感知到与情感状态相关的变化。我们的研究结果表明,视觉经验塑造了身体对情绪的表征。盲人和明眼人对与特定情绪状态相关的身体区域的重视程度不同,明眼人更注重内脏感觉,而盲人则认为嘴部和手部更相关。我们还观察到特定情绪的身体图谱的一致性存在差异,例如在攻击性情绪方面,早期和晚期盲人在报告嘴部时是一致的,而视力正常的受试者则表现出全身分散的激活模式。最后,我们的研究结果表明,盲人依赖于不同的情绪组织,因为只有视力正常的人才会通过情绪的价值和唤醒维度对情绪的身体图谱进行分类。总之,我们证明了感官体验通过调节不同身体部位在情绪反应中的相关性、改变内感知和外感知信号的权重以及改变情绪在身体中的概念化方式,对身体的情绪表征产生了影响。(PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, 版权所有)。
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引用次数: 0
Empathic concern promotes social support-seeking: A cross-cultural study. 移情关怀促进寻求社会支持:一项跨文化研究。
IF 3.4 2区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL Pub Date : 2024-10-14 DOI: 10.1037/emo0001451
Shaofeng Zheng, Rina Tanaka, Keiko Ishii

Previous research has suggested that empathic concern may affect cultural differences in social support-seeking. However, neither the mechanisms through which empathic concern promotes support-seeking nor the explanations for cultural differences in empathic concern are clear. This study attempted to address these questions by conducting three studies in Japan and the United States. The results showed that Japanese participants reported having lower trait-empathic concern and seeking less social support in dealing with stress than European Americans. Study 1 found that trait-empathic concern mediated the cultural differences in support-seeking by increasing beliefs about others' prosocial willingness. Using a controlled set of stressful scenarios, Study 2 replicated the results of Study 1. Additionally, Study 2 showed that Japanese participants reported greater endorsement of the causal repressive suffering construal than European Americans, partly accounting for cultural differences in trait-empathic concern. Using an experimental design, Study 3 showed that primed empathic concern increased support-seeking in coping with follow-up stress across cultures. These findings contribute to our understanding of the role of empathic concern in support-seeking and cultural differences in empathic concern. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

以往的研究表明,移情关注可能会影响寻求社会支持的文化差异。然而,移情关注促进寻求支持的机制和移情关注文化差异的解释都不清楚。本研究试图通过在日本和美国进行的三项研究来解决这些问题。结果显示,与欧洲裔美国人相比,日本人的特质移情关注较低,在应对压力时寻求的社会支持也较少。研究 1 发现,特质-情感关怀通过增加对他人亲社会意愿的信念,在寻求支持的文化差异中起到了中介作用。研究 2 采用了一组受控的压力情景,重复了研究 1 的结果。此外,研究2还表明,与欧美人相比,日本人更认可因果压抑痛苦构念,这在一定程度上解释了特质-移情关怀的文化差异。通过实验设计,研究 3 表明,在应对后续压力时,不同文化背景下的共情关注会增加寻求支持的程度。这些发现有助于我们理解移情关注在寻求支持中的作用以及移情关注的文化差异。(PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, 版权所有)。
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引用次数: 0
Children with facial differences experience deficits in emotion skills. 有面部差异的儿童在情绪技能方面存在缺陷。
IF 3.4 2区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL Pub Date : 2024-10-10 DOI: 10.1037/emo0001432
Robert Brinton Fujiki, Fangyun Zhao, Catharine B Garland, Paula M Niedenthal, Susan L Thibeault

Children with facial differences, such as repaired cleft lip and palate (CLP), may present with reduced capacity for sensorimotor simulation, particularly in the form of facial mimicry. This study examined whether facial mimicry, emotion recognition, and empathy skills are reduced in children with CLP when compared with sex/age-matched controls. A case-control design was utilized. Forty-five children between the ages of 8 and 12 with CLP, and 45 age/sex-matched controls were recruited. Participants completed a facial mimicry task, and facial movements were tracked and quantified using OpenFace. Participants also completed picture and context-based emotion recognition tasks. Picture-based assessment involved identifying emotions from the Dynamic FACES database. Context-based assessment consisted of identifying how a child might feel in various situations. Finally, participants and their parents completed the Empathy Questionnaire for Children and Adolescents (EmQue-CA). Children with CLP presented with significantly reduced facial mimicry (p = .017), picture-based (p < .001), and context-based emotion recognition scores (p < .001) when compared with controls. Better facial mimicry was associated with better picture-based emotion recognition scores in the control group only (r = .22, p < .01). Children with CLP also had significantly lower child and parent-proxy EmQue-CA scores (p < .001). Greater facial mimicry significantly predicted better parent-proxy EmQue-CA scores (p = .016) but did not predict child scores. Children with CLP presented with reduced facial mimicry, poorer emotion recognition, and empathy skills. These findings have a broader relevance as they suggest children with facial differences may present with reduced facial mimicry and/or deficits in emotion recognition. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

有面部差异的儿童,如唇腭裂(CLP)修复后,其感觉运动模拟能力可能会下降,尤其是面部模仿能力。本研究探讨了与性别/年龄匹配的对照组相比,CLP 患儿的面部模仿能力、情绪识别能力和移情能力是否会降低。研究采用了病例对照设计。研究招募了 45 名年龄在 8 到 12 岁之间的 CLP 儿童和 45 名年龄/性别匹配的对照组儿童。参与者完成了一项面部模仿任务,并使用 OpenFace 对面部动作进行了跟踪和量化。参与者还完成了基于图片和情境的情绪识别任务。基于图片的评估包括从动态 FACES 数据库中识别情绪。基于情境的评估包括识别儿童在不同情境下的感受。最后,参与者及其父母完成了儿童和青少年移情问卷(EmQue-CA)。与对照组相比,CLP 患儿的面部模仿能力(p = .017)、基于图片的情绪识别能力(p < .001)和基于情境的情绪识别能力(p < .001)均明显降低。仅在对照组中,面部模仿能力越强,基于图片的情绪识别得分越高(r = .22,p < .01)。CLP患儿的儿童和家长代理EmQue-CA得分也明显较低(p < .001)。面部模仿能力越强,父母代理的 EmQue-CA 得分越高(p = .016),但对儿童得分没有预测作用。CLP患儿的面部模仿能力较弱,情绪识别能力和移情能力较差。这些发现具有更广泛的意义,因为它们表明,面部差异儿童可能会出现面部模仿能力下降和/或情绪识别能力缺陷。(PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA,保留所有权利)。
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引用次数: 0
Social contexts are associated with higher emotional awareness than nonsocial contexts: Evidence in a sample of people with and without major depressive disorder. 与非社会环境相比,社会环境与更高的情绪意识相关:重度抑郁症患者和非重度抑郁症患者样本中的证据。
IF 3.4 2区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL Pub Date : 2024-10-10 DOI: 10.1037/emo0001436
Alison B Tuck, Mallory J Feldman, Kristen A Lindquist, Renee J Thompson

Growing evidence suggests that social contexts may prompt qualitatively distinct experiences of emotions than nonsocial contexts. In this study of people's naturalistic daily emotional experiences, we examined in adults with and without major depressive disorder (MDD) whether experiencing emotions in a social context (with others) versus nonsocial context (without others) was associated with greater emotional clarity and attention to one's emotional experience (i.e., emotional awareness). Based on evidence that social stimuli are highly salient to social species, we predicted that interactions with social others-and especially close social others-would be associated with greater emotional awareness. We furthermore expected that individuals with MDD, who tend to have diminished emotional clarity and social deficits, might experience less emotional awareness in social settings than healthy controls. Across a 2-week experience sampling study that concluded in 2019, we assessed emotional awareness when people were interacting with others (vs. not) and interacting with close (vs. nonclose) others among adults with current MDD (n = 53), remitted MDD (n = 80), and healthy controls (n = 87). As expected, attention to emotion and emotional clarity were higher in social versus nonsocial contexts and when interacting with close versus nonclose others. Contrary to expectations that these effects would be weaker among those with current MDD, the current MDD group showed enhanced emotional clarity in social versus nonsocial settings compared to the other two groups. Insofar as emotional clarity is beneficial to well-being, these findings suggest those with MDD may especially benefit from social contexts. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

越来越多的证据表明,与非社会环境相比,社会环境可能会促使人们产生截然不同的情绪体验。在这项关于人们日常自然情绪体验的研究中,我们对患有和未患有重度抑郁症(MDD)的成年人进行了调查,以了解在社交情境(与他人一起)和非社交情境(没有他人)中体验情绪是否与更高的情绪清晰度和对自身情绪体验的关注度(即情绪意识)相关。有证据表明,社会性刺激对社会性物种具有高度显著性,因此我们预测,与社会性他人--尤其是亲密的社会性他人--的互动将与更高的情绪意识相关。此外,我们还预计,与健康对照组相比,情感清晰度和社交能力往往较弱的 MDD 患者在社交环境中的情感意识可能较弱。在2019年结束的一项为期两周的体验取样研究中,我们评估了当前患有多发性抑郁症的成年人(n = 53)、缓解型多发性抑郁症患者(n = 80)和健康对照组(n = 87)在与他人互动(与不互动)和与亲密(与不亲密)他人互动时的情绪意识。不出所料,在社交与非社交情境中,以及在与亲密与非亲密他人互动时,对情绪的关注度和情绪清晰度都更高。与预期不同的是,目前患有 MDD 的人群在社交与非社交环境中的情绪清晰度要高于其他两组人群。就情绪清晰度对幸福感的益处而言,这些研究结果表明,患有 MDD 的人尤其能从社交环境中获益。(PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA,保留所有权利)。
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引用次数: 0
Perceptual sensitivity to labeling stereotyped emotion expressions: Associations with age and subclinical psychopathology symptoms from childhood through early adulthood. 对刻板情绪表达标签的知觉敏感性:从童年到成年早期,年龄与亚临床精神病理学症状的关系。
IF 3.4 2区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL Pub Date : 2024-10-07 DOI: 10.1037/emo0001441
David G Weissman, Henna I Vartiainen, Erik C Nook, Hilary K Lambert, Stephanie F Sasse, Leah H Somerville, Katie A McLaughlin

This study investigates (a) age-related differences in how the intensity of stereotyped facial expressions influence the emotion label children, adolescents, and adults assign to that face and (b) how this perceptual sensitivity relates to subclinical symptoms of psychopathology. In 2015-2016, 184 participants aged 4-25 years viewed posed stereotypes of angry, fearful, sad, and happy expressions morphed with neutral expressions at 10%-90% intensity. Thin plate regression smoothing splines were used to chart nonlinear associations between age and the perceptual threshold participants needed to assign the emotion label expected based on cultural consensus. Results suggest that sensitivity to labeling stereotypical happy faces as "happy" peaked by age 4. Sensitivity to perceiving stereotypical angry faces as "angry" increased from ages 4 to 7 and then plateaued. In contrast, sensitivity to perceiving stereotypical fearful and sad faces demonstrated protracted development, not reaching a plateau until ages 15 and 16, respectively. Reduction in selecting the "I don't know" response was the primary driver of these age-related changes. Stereotyped fear expressions required the highest intensity to be labeled as such and showed the most marked change in perceptual threshold across development. Interestingly, lower intensity morphs of stereotypical fear faces were frequently labeled "sad." Furthermore, perceiving lower intensity fear morphs was associated with fewer internalizing and externalizing symptoms in participants aged 7-19. This study describes the development of perceptual sensitivity to labeling stereotypical expressions of emotion according to cultural consensus and shows that how people perceive and categorize ambiguous facial expressions is associated with vulnerability to psychopathology. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

本研究调查了(a)刻板面部表情的强度如何影响儿童、青少年和成年人赋予该面部的情绪标签的年龄相关差异,以及(b)这种知觉敏感性与亚临床心理病理症状的关系。2015-2016 年,184 名年龄在 4-25 岁之间的参与者观看了愤怒、恐惧、悲伤和快乐表情与中性表情在 10%-90% 强度下的变形。研究人员使用薄板回归平滑样条来绘制年龄与参与者根据文化共识分配预期情绪标签所需的感知阈值之间的非线性关联图。结果表明,将刻板的快乐面孔标记为 "快乐 "的敏感度在 4 岁时达到顶峰。将刻板的愤怒面孔感知为 "愤怒 "的敏感度在 4 到 7 岁期间上升,然后趋于平稳。相比之下,感知恐惧和悲伤的刻板面孔的敏感度则表现出持久的发展,分别直到 15 岁和 16 岁才达到高峰。减少选择 "我不知道 "的反应是这些与年龄有关的变化的主要驱动因素。刻板恐惧表情需要最高的强度才能被标记为刻板恐惧表情,并且在整个发育过程中显示出最明显的知觉阈值变化。有趣的是,刻板恐惧表情的较低强度形态经常被标记为 "悲伤"。此外,在 7-19 岁的参与者中,感知强度较低的恐惧变形与较少的内化和外化症状有关。本研究描述了根据文化共识对刻板情绪表达进行标记的感知敏感性的发展,并表明人们如何感知和归类模棱两可的面部表情与心理病理学的易感性有关。(PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA,保留所有权利)。
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引用次数: 0
Disentangling three valence-related dimensions of emotion valuation: The good, the pleasant, and the desirable. 分解情绪估值中与情绪相关的三个维度:好的、令人愉快的和令人向往的。
IF 3.4 2区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL Pub Date : 2024-10-07 DOI: 10.1037/emo0001401
Suhjin Lee, Kieran McVeigh, Maxine Garcia, Vivian Carrillo, Jeanie Kim, Ajay B Satpute

People place value on emotion categories that inform which emotions to cultivate and which to regulate in life. Here, we examined how people's beliefs about emotion categories varied along three valence-related dimensions: evaluation (good, bad), hedonic feeling (pleasure, displeasure), and desirability (want to feel, do not want to feel). In Studies 1A and 1B, we found that evaluative (good/bad) and hedonic (pleasant/unpleasant) ratings were distinct for certain emotions including lust, anger, shame, fear, and guilt. In Study 2, we found that emotion valuation depended on cultural background in a sample of Asian Americans and Caucasian Americans. Overall, Asian American participants evaluated certain emotions (including, but not limited to, anger, sadness, guilt, and shame) more positively than Caucasian American participants, and this difference was more pronounced on the evaluative rating dimension. Finally, in Study 3, we examined how evaluative and hedonic dimensions further relate with the desire to experience certain emotions and the emotions that people believe they feel in everyday life. Our findings support a model in which evaluative and hedonic dimensions of emotion valuation predict desired emotional states, which in turn predicts beliefs about the reported frequency of emotions experienced in everyday life. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

人们对情绪类别的价值取向决定了在生活中应该培养哪些情绪,调节哪些情绪。在这里,我们研究了人们对情绪类别的信念如何在三个与情绪相关的维度上发生变化:评价(好、坏)、享乐感觉(愉快、不愉快)和可取性(想感觉、不想感觉)。在研究 1A 和 1B 中,我们发现对于某些情绪,包括欲望、愤怒、羞耻、恐惧和内疚,评价性(好/坏)和享乐性(愉快/不愉快)评价是截然不同的。在研究 2 中,我们发现在亚裔美国人和白种美国人样本中,情绪评价取决于文化背景。总体而言,亚裔美国人比白种美国人对某些情绪(包括但不限于愤怒、悲伤、内疚和羞愧)的评价更积极,这种差异在评价等级维度上更为明显。最后,在研究 3 中,我们考察了评价性维度和享乐性维度如何进一步与体验某些情绪的愿望以及人们认为自己在日常生活中感受到的情绪相关联。我们的研究结果支持这样一个模型,即情绪评价的评价性和享乐性维度可以预测期望的情绪状态,而期望的情绪状态反过来又可以预测人们对日常生活中报告的情绪体验频率的信念。(PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, 版权所有)。
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引用次数: 0
The interpersonal risks of valuing happiness: Links to interpersonal emotion regulation and close others' mental health. 重视幸福的人际风险:与人际情绪调节和亲密他人心理健康的联系。
IF 3.4 2区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL Pub Date : 2024-10-03 DOI: 10.1037/emo0001443
Yitong Zhao, Natalie M Sisson, Felicia K Zerwas, Brett Q Ford

While most people want to feel happy, valuing happiness can paradoxically make people unhappy. We propose that such costs may extend to interpersonal contexts, given that valuing happiness may shape how people (i.e., regulators) manage others' (i.e., targets') emotions (i.e., extrinsic interpersonal emotion regulation). While valuing happiness could motivate regulators to reduce targets' distress using effective forms of emotion regulation, it may also push them to be intolerant toward targets' distress and, in turn, predict worse target well-being. The current investigation examines how two approaches to happiness (i.e., happiness aspiring and happiness concern) predict how regulators manage their children's and romantic partners' distress-two fundamental close relationship types that allow us to address the robustness of our findings. We obtained longitudinal reports across a year from socioculturally diverse regulators (N = 279, including partially overlapping groups of 155 parents and 248 partnered individuals) and cross-sectional reports from partners. We found that people who aspired to be happy were more successful at using reappraisal and distraction to manage targets' emotions, while those who were concerned about happiness were less successful at accepting targets' emotions (i.e., confirmed by partners' reports). In turn, more successful use of reappraisal and distraction predicted better target well-being, and less successful acceptance of targets' emotions predicted poorer target well-being across the next 8 months. These findings underscore the importance of understanding individual differences that shape consequential forms of interpersonal emotion regulation, thereby illuminating who is most likely to help their loved ones and who may be putting them at risk. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

虽然大多数人都希望感到幸福,但对幸福的重视却可能使人不幸福。我们提出,这种代价可能会延伸到人际交往中,因为对幸福的重视可能会影响人们(即调节者)管理他人(即目标)情绪的方式(即外在的人际情绪调节)。虽然重视幸福感可以促使调节者使用有效的情绪调节方式来减少目标的痛苦,但它也可能促使调节者不容忍目标的痛苦,进而预测目标的幸福感会更差。目前的调查研究了两种对待幸福的方式(即对幸福的渴望和对幸福的关注)如何预测调节者如何管理其子女和恋爱伴侣的痛苦--这两种基本的亲密关系类型使我们能够解决我们研究结果的稳健性问题。我们从不同社会文化背景的监管者(N = 279,包括部分重叠的 155 位父母和 248 位伴侣)那里获得了一年的纵向报告,并从伴侣那里获得了横向报告。我们发现,渴望幸福的人在使用重新评估和转移注意力来管理目标的情绪方面更为成功,而那些关注幸福的人在接受目标的情绪方面则不那么成功(即得到伴侣报告的证实)。反过来,更成功地使用重新评估和转移注意力预示着更高的目标幸福感,而不太成功地接受目标情绪则预示着在接下来的 8 个月中目标幸福感较差。这些发现强调了了解个体差异的重要性,个体差异决定了人际情绪调节的结果形式,从而揭示了哪些人最有可能帮助他们所爱的人,哪些人可能会将他们置于危险之中。(PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA,保留所有权利)。
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引用次数: 0
Momentary awareness of body sensations is associated with concurrent affective experience. 对身体感觉的瞬间感知与同时出现的情感体验有关。
IF 3.4 2区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL Pub Date : 2024-10-03 DOI: 10.1037/emo0001428
Alexandra MacVittie, Ewa Kochanowska, Julia W Y Kam, Laura Allen, Caitlin Mills, Jolie B Wormwood

Affect is thought to be a low-dimensional representation of ongoing body activity. Recent studies have demonstrated that individual differences in the ability to objectively detect one's body activity are related to affective experience, particularly the experience of affective arousal. However, less is known about the role of subjective awareness of body sensations in affective experience, a facet of interoception that has been distinguished from objective detection on theoretical and empirical grounds. Moreover, there is a lack of evidence concerning how affective experience relates to the perception of body activity in the moment; that is, how awareness of sensations from the body may covary with affective and emotional experiences in real time. In the present studies, we examine within-person relationships between subjective awareness of body sensations and self-reported affect in real-world settings using ecological momentary assessment (EMA) paradigms. Across two EMA studies with international samples of adults, we found participants reported greater awareness of body sensations in moments where they also reported experiencing heightened arousal and more negatively valenced affect. In Study 1 (N = 109; data collected and analyzed 2022), we found that the associations held across a 4-week EMA protocol. In Study 2 (N = 116; data collected 2020, analyzed 2022), we also derived measures of affective valence from participants' freely generated descriptions of their ongoing thoughts, and we explored the consistency of this relationship with awareness of several individual body sensations (e.g., awareness of one's breathing, awareness of one's heart rate). We conclude that affective experience covaries moment to moment with subjective awareness of the body. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

情感被认为是正在进行的身体活动的低维表征。最近的研究表明,客观检测身体活动能力的个体差异与情感体验有关,尤其是情感唤醒体验。然而,人们对身体感觉的主观意识在情感体验中的作用却知之甚少,从理论和实证角度来看,这种主观意识与客观检测不同。此外,关于情感体验如何与当下的身体活动感知相关,即对身体感觉的认知如何与实时的情感和情绪体验相关,也缺乏证据。在本研究中,我们使用生态瞬间评估(EMA)范式,研究了在真实世界环境中,身体感觉的主观意识与自我报告的情感之间的人际关系。在对国际成人样本进行的两项 EMA 研究中,我们发现参与者在报告身体感觉意识较强的时刻,同时也报告了唤醒度升高和负面情绪较多的情况。在研究 1(N = 109;数据收集和分析时间为 2022 年)中,我们发现这些关联在为期 4 周的 EMA 方案中保持不变。在研究 2(N = 116;数据收集于 2020 年,分析于 2022 年)中,我们还从参与者自由生成的对其当前想法的描述中得出了情绪价值的测量值,并探讨了这种关系与对几种个体身体感觉(例如,对自己呼吸的意识、对自己心率的意识)的意识之间的一致性。我们得出的结论是,情感体验与对身体的主观意识时刻相关。(PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, 版权所有)。
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引用次数: 0
Do parents show interpersonally oriented socialization practices for adolescents' negative emotions? Through the lens of Chinese families. 父母是否对青少年的负面情绪采取人际导向的社会化做法?通过中国家庭的视角。
IF 3.4 2区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL Pub Date : 2024-10-03 DOI: 10.1037/emo0001430
Ruyi Ding, Yingying Yang, Qian Wang

This research proposes a new framework called interpersonally oriented parental emotion socialization (inter-PES) practices to address parental socialization of adolescents' interpersonal emotional processing. This framework captures parents' interpersonal perspectives when their adolescent children experience negative emotions resulting from social interactions. In Study 1, parents (n = 925; 84.54% females; Mage = 39.86 years, SD = 4.37) recalled their PES practices. Content analysis of parents' narratives showed four components of inter-PES: perspective-taking, positive attributions to others, negative attributions to others, and concern for others. In Study 2, parents (n = 536; 57.98% females; Mage = 42.84 years, SD = 4.01) evaluated their own parenting behaviors on a newly developed scale to measure the four components mentioned above. Factor analysis supported the four-factor structure. Moreover, the four subscales demonstrated good reliabilities. In Study 3, adolescents (n = 864; 45.97% females; Mage = 14.50 years, SD = 0.77) reported their perceived maternal inter-PES using the same scale, and factor analysis again confirmed the four-factor structure. Study 3 also showed that the four components of inter-PES reported by adolescents were related to their perceptions of other commonly assessed maternal parenting variables and self-reported socioemotional development. Overall, this research develops a new tool for studying inter-PES and reveals new avenues for future research on how parents' interpersonal perspectives during emotional socialization may relate to adolescents' socioemotional outcomes. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

本研究提出了一个名为 "以人际为导向的父母情绪社会化(inter-PES)实践 "的新框架,以解决父母对青少年人际情绪处理的社会化问题。该框架捕捉了父母在青少年子女因社会交往而产生负面情绪时的人际视角。在研究 1 中,家长(n = 925;84.54% 为女性;年龄 = 39.86 岁,SD = 4.37)回忆了他们的家长情绪社会化实践。对家长叙述内容的分析表明,家长间自我评价有四个组成部分:透视、对他人的积极归因、对他人的消极归因和对他人的关心。在研究 2 中,家长(人数 = 536;女性占 57.98%;年龄 = 42.84 岁,标准差 = 4.01)使用新开发的量表对自己的养育行为进行了评估,以衡量上述四个组成部分。因子分析支持四因子结构。此外,四个子量表的信度良好。在研究 3 中,青少年(n = 864;45.97% 为女性;年龄 = 14.50 岁,SD = 0.77)使用相同的量表报告了他们感知到的母亲间的 PES,因子分析再次证实了四因子结构。研究 3 还表明,青少年所报告的四项母亲间相互尊重和社会评价与他们对其他常见的母亲养育变量和自我报告的社会情感发展的看法有关。总之,这项研究为研究父母间情感社会化关系开发了一种新的工具,并为今后研究父母在情感社会化过程中的人际视角如何与青少年的社会情感结果相关联揭示了新的途径。(PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, 版权所有)。
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Emotion
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