Pub Date : 2025-12-20DOI: 10.1016/j.tate.2025.105354
Michael Bowles, Ola Al-Muhtadi, Amir Kaviani
This study explored the lived experiences of eight teaching faculty as they participated in Online Communities of Practice (OCoPs) in a higher education setting whilst learning how to teach in a novel techno-pedagogical ecosystem, one based on a bespoke digital platform and a flipped, blended learning pedagogy. It highlights the types of blended teaching knowledge and practice they developed while participating in the OCoPs and how this knowledge and practice were scaffolded and developed. The findings revealed that the teachers developed knowledge and practice in four main domains of knowledge: Pedagogical knowledge, Pedagogical Content Knowledge, Technological Pedagogical Knowledge, and Contextual Pedagogical Knowledge. This knowledge was developed within the OCoPs through three main processes: Developing a sense of belonging and community, participating in dialogical activity and using critical self-reflection. Together, they constitute a tentative model of situated dialogical learning in higher education OCoPs.
{"title":"The role of online communities of practice in developing blended teaching knowledge and practice during a digital transformation in higher education","authors":"Michael Bowles, Ola Al-Muhtadi, Amir Kaviani","doi":"10.1016/j.tate.2025.105354","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tate.2025.105354","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study explored the lived experiences of eight teaching faculty as they participated in Online Communities of Practice (OCoPs) in a higher education setting whilst learning how to teach in a novel techno-pedagogical ecosystem, one based on a bespoke digital platform and a flipped, blended learning pedagogy. It highlights the types of blended teaching knowledge and practice they developed while participating in the OCoPs and how this knowledge and practice were scaffolded and developed. The findings revealed that the teachers developed knowledge and practice in four main domains of knowledge: Pedagogical knowledge, Pedagogical Content Knowledge, Technological Pedagogical Knowledge, and Contextual Pedagogical Knowledge. This knowledge was developed within the OCoPs through three main processes: Developing a sense of belonging and community, participating in dialogical activity and using critical self-reflection. Together, they constitute a tentative model of situated dialogical learning in higher education OCoPs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48430,"journal":{"name":"Teaching and Teacher Education","volume":"172 ","pages":"Article 105354"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145841606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-19DOI: 10.1016/j.tate.2025.105358
Yinghan Dong , Guang Li , Bo Hu , Yingjie Jiang
Teacher noticing is essential for students’ achievement and teachers’ effective instruction, leading to numerous interventions being designed to strengthen it. However, the evidence about teacher noticing interventions has not yet been systematically consolidated. This study synthesizes 77 effect sizes from 37 studies (2000–2023) that evaluated interventions aimed at improving teacher noticing. The results revealed that the interventions produced a significant positive impact, with an overall effect size of g = 0.70. Disciplinary background and intervention duration moderated the effect sizes. Findings indicate that interventions effectively enhance teacher noticing, and support the adoption of discipline-specific intervention designs with reasonable duration.
{"title":"How to improve teachers’ noticing effectively: A meta-analysis of teacher noticing interventions","authors":"Yinghan Dong , Guang Li , Bo Hu , Yingjie Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.tate.2025.105358","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tate.2025.105358","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Teacher noticing is essential for students’ achievement and teachers’ effective instruction, leading to numerous interventions being designed to strengthen it. However, the evidence about teacher noticing interventions has not yet been systematically consolidated. This study synthesizes 77 effect sizes from 37 studies (2000–2023) that evaluated interventions aimed at improving teacher noticing. The results revealed that the interventions produced a significant positive impact, with an overall effect size of <em>g</em> = 0.70. Disciplinary background and intervention duration moderated the effect sizes. Findings indicate that interventions effectively enhance teacher noticing, and support the adoption of discipline-specific intervention designs with reasonable duration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48430,"journal":{"name":"Teaching and Teacher Education","volume":"172 ","pages":"Article 105358"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145841658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-18DOI: 10.1016/j.tate.2025.105357
Robbert Smit, Eva Weingartner
General and special needs teachers in Austria and Switzerland met four times locally and three times binationally to develop their inclusive teaching. Based on video clips of their own lessons, differentiated instruction (DI) practices were discussed. The twelve teachers were interviewed to find out more about their attitudes towards DI practices. A mixed-methods research design was employed to investigate the occurrence of DI practices and the extent of consistency in attitudes and perceptions regarding DI. This study examines the theoretical assumption that attitudes guide teachers' perceptions. Six major groups of DI practices were identified: DI of content/goals, learning time, material, open education, individualisation, and individual support. Given the frequency with which these practices were observed, it became evident that there were specific differences between countries. Across all practices, it was evident that the frequency of DI practices, as observed in the interviews and perceptions, showed a considerable degree of consistency.
{"title":"Teachers’ attitudes towards and perceptions of diverse practices of differentiated instruction","authors":"Robbert Smit, Eva Weingartner","doi":"10.1016/j.tate.2025.105357","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tate.2025.105357","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>General and special needs teachers in Austria and Switzerland met four times locally and three times binationally to develop their inclusive teaching. Based on video clips of their own lessons, differentiated instruction (DI) practices were discussed. The twelve teachers were interviewed to find out more about their attitudes towards DI practices. A mixed-methods research design was employed to investigate the occurrence of DI practices and the extent of consistency in attitudes and perceptions regarding DI. This study examines the theoretical assumption that attitudes guide teachers' perceptions. Six major groups of DI practices were identified: DI of content/goals, learning time, material, open education, individualisation, and individual support. Given the frequency with which these practices were observed, it became evident that there were specific differences between countries. Across all practices, it was evident that the frequency of DI practices, as observed in the interviews and perceptions, showed a considerable degree of consistency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48430,"journal":{"name":"Teaching and Teacher Education","volume":"172 ","pages":"Article 105357"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145766083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-16DOI: 10.1016/j.tate.2025.105353
Andrea Nolan, Deborah Moore
Professional learning builds professional knowledge with the potential to challenge educators' beliefs and practices leading to professional growth and improved child outcomes. This paper focuses on an Australian Research Council funded study which supported Family Day Care (FDC) educators to implement digital technologies into their programs to promote infants' and toddlers' peer-to-peer relationships. It asks the question: How does professional learning trigger shifts in educator philosophies and practices? Theoretically, the paper draws from the Pedagogy of Discomfort conceptualisation, tracing the philosophical shifts triggered by moments of disjuncture experienced by educators. Findings from the analysis of interviews, point to the success of eliciting a self-critical approach, enabling educators to reflect on and negotiate their personal and professional identities. Different elements acted as catalysts for each educator's reconsideration of practice, requiring a sensitivity to educators' context, experiences, and setting. This paper contributes to the call for stronger theorisation of transformative professional learning.
{"title":"Triggering the professional learning of early childhood educators through moments of disjuncture","authors":"Andrea Nolan, Deborah Moore","doi":"10.1016/j.tate.2025.105353","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tate.2025.105353","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Professional learning builds professional knowledge with the potential to challenge educators' beliefs and practices leading to professional growth and improved child outcomes. This paper focuses on an Australian Research Council funded study which supported Family Day Care (FDC) educators to implement digital technologies into their programs to promote infants' and toddlers' peer-to-peer relationships. It asks the question: How does professional learning trigger shifts in educator philosophies and practices? Theoretically, the paper draws from the Pedagogy of Discomfort conceptualisation, tracing the philosophical shifts triggered by moments of disjuncture experienced by educators. Findings from the analysis of interviews, point to the success of eliciting a self-critical approach, enabling educators to reflect on and negotiate their personal and professional identities. Different elements acted as catalysts for each educator's reconsideration of practice, requiring a sensitivity to educators' context, experiences<u>,</u> and setting. This paper contributes to the call for stronger theorisation of transformative professional learning.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48430,"journal":{"name":"Teaching and Teacher Education","volume":"171 ","pages":"Article 105353"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145790556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-13DOI: 10.1016/j.tate.2025.105347
Deniz Ortaçtepe Hart
Unlearning, often defined as the process of critically examining one's beliefs and assumptions in relation to societal roles and privileges (Britzman, 1998; Cochran-Smith, 2000), has gained traction in anti-racist, decolonial, and social justice-oriented discourses. Despite its growing popularity, limited research has explored how—or even whether—unlearning actually occurs, and whether it extends beyond individual introspection to enable broader social transformation. This study draws on the experiences of 17 language teachers with diverse identities in terms of race, gender, sexuality, class, and neurodiversity to critically investigate the how (process), what (object), and why (impact) of unlearning. Findings suggest that unlearning, as currently framed, often functions as a depoliticized, neoliberal concept grounded in individual confession, rather than in collective action. This research proposes a renewed conceptualization through an intersectional and transformative approach that challenges systemic structures and moves beyond passive allyship toward genuine advocacy and activism centred on community, cooperation and collective responsibility.
{"title":"Time to unlearn unlearning?: Moving beyond neoliberal conceptualizations to intersectional, transformative actions","authors":"Deniz Ortaçtepe Hart","doi":"10.1016/j.tate.2025.105347","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tate.2025.105347","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Unlearning, often defined as the process of critically examining one's beliefs and assumptions in relation to societal roles and privileges (Britzman, 1998; Cochran-Smith, 2000), has gained traction in anti-racist, decolonial, and social justice-oriented discourses. Despite its growing popularity, limited research has explored how—or even whether—unlearning actually occurs, and whether it extends beyond individual introspection to enable broader social transformation. This study draws on the experiences of 17 language teachers with diverse identities in terms of race, gender, sexuality, class, and neurodiversity to critically investigate the <em>how</em> (process), <em>what</em> (object), and <em>why</em> (impact) of unlearning. Findings suggest that unlearning, as currently framed, often functions as a depoliticized, neoliberal concept grounded in individual confession, rather than in collective action. This research proposes a renewed conceptualization through an intersectional and transformative approach that challenges systemic structures and moves beyond passive allyship toward genuine advocacy and activism centred on community, cooperation and collective responsibility.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48430,"journal":{"name":"Teaching and Teacher Education","volume":"171 ","pages":"Article 105347"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145790557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-13DOI: 10.1016/j.tate.2025.105348
Jano Ramos-Diaz , Robert J. Coplan , Lucy R. Betts , Ivan Diaz-Leon , Kelly Sopla-Rojas , Rosmery Ramos-Sandoval , Claudia Guevara-Cordero , Ivan Iraola-Real , José Villanueva-Alvarado , Ruben Diestra-Quiñones
This study investigated Peruvian elementary school teachers’ perceptions of bullying severity, empathy toward victims, and intentions to intervene, with attention to teacher gender, student gender, and bullying type. Participants were 794 public school teachers from Northern Lima. Using case-based vignettes, results showed relational bullying was perceived as most severe, especially when victims were female. Teachers expressed greater empathy in physical bullying cases and were more likely to intervene in physical and relational bullying than in verbal bullying. Female teachers reported higher empathy and intervention toward female students. Findings underscore the need for gender-sensitive teacher training.
{"title":"Peruvian elementary teachers evaluation of bullying behaviors: Perceptions of severity, empathy, and intent to intervene","authors":"Jano Ramos-Diaz , Robert J. Coplan , Lucy R. Betts , Ivan Diaz-Leon , Kelly Sopla-Rojas , Rosmery Ramos-Sandoval , Claudia Guevara-Cordero , Ivan Iraola-Real , José Villanueva-Alvarado , Ruben Diestra-Quiñones","doi":"10.1016/j.tate.2025.105348","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tate.2025.105348","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigated Peruvian elementary school teachers’ perceptions of bullying severity, empathy toward victims, and intentions to intervene, with attention to teacher gender, student gender, and bullying type. Participants were 794 public school teachers from Northern Lima. Using case-based vignettes, results showed relational bullying was perceived as most severe, especially when victims were female. Teachers expressed greater empathy in physical bullying cases and were more likely to intervene in physical and relational bullying than in verbal bullying. Female teachers reported higher empathy and intervention toward female students. Findings underscore the need for gender-sensitive teacher training.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48430,"journal":{"name":"Teaching and Teacher Education","volume":"171 ","pages":"Article 105348"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145790555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-12DOI: 10.1016/j.tate.2025.105349
Nuodi Zhang , Fengfeng Ke , Chih-Pu Dai , Sherry A. Southerland , Alex Barrett
Dialogic teaching is an important pedagogical approach in which science and mathematics preservice teachers (PSTs) should develop competency and fluency. Generative artificial intelligence (AI)-powered virtual reality simulation holds the potential to increase dialogic teaching practice for PSTs. This multi-case study involved 34 PSTs participating in an AI-powered practice of inquiry-based approach in simulated teaching, coupled with field observations and semi-structured interviews to gather PSTs’ perceptions and experiences of the learning process. The findings of the study illuminate the potential of AI-powered simulation for teacher education and generate insights that inform the design of AI-powered virtual students to support and facilitate interactive teacher learning.
{"title":"Science and mathematics preservice teachers’ perceptions and experiences of practicing dialogic teaching in generative AI-powered virtual reality simulation","authors":"Nuodi Zhang , Fengfeng Ke , Chih-Pu Dai , Sherry A. Southerland , Alex Barrett","doi":"10.1016/j.tate.2025.105349","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tate.2025.105349","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dialogic teaching is an important pedagogical approach in which science and mathematics preservice teachers (PSTs) should develop competency and fluency. Generative artificial intelligence (AI)-powered virtual reality simulation holds the potential to increase dialogic teaching practice for PSTs. This multi-case study involved 34 PSTs participating in an AI-powered practice of inquiry-based approach in simulated teaching, coupled with field observations and semi-structured interviews to gather PSTs’ perceptions and experiences of the learning process. The findings of the study illuminate the potential of AI-powered simulation for teacher education and generate insights that inform the design of AI-powered virtual students to support and facilitate interactive teacher learning.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48430,"journal":{"name":"Teaching and Teacher Education","volume":"171 ","pages":"Article 105349"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145737004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-09DOI: 10.1016/j.tate.2025.105341
Johanna Kainulainen, Mirja Tarnanen
This study was part of a research-based learning unit supporting professional development in teacher education. Adopting a pedagogical design, it aimed to promote assessment literacy (AL) at multiple levels through a participatory assessment process and by combining theory and practice in schoolwork. In this study, AL was defined as awareness of assessment values and principles at both individual and collective levels, and understanding of the purpose, aims, strategies and practices of assessment. The data consists of longitudinal reflection assignments from 18 Finnish master's-level student teachers. Guided by the TALIP framework, the student teachers examined their own AL and factors supporting its development during the learning unit. The data were analysed using theory-informed and data-driven content analysis. The findings outline conditions for growth as an assessment-literate teacher. The study highlights integrating AL into teacher education, considering individual competencies, and recommends induction and collaborative professional development to strengthen AL across careers.
{"title":"Becoming an assessment-literate teacher in teacher education","authors":"Johanna Kainulainen, Mirja Tarnanen","doi":"10.1016/j.tate.2025.105341","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tate.2025.105341","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study was part of a research-based learning unit supporting professional development in teacher education. Adopting a pedagogical design, it aimed to promote assessment literacy (AL) at multiple levels through a participatory assessment process and by combining theory and practice in schoolwork. In this study, AL was defined as awareness of assessment values and principles at both individual and collective levels, and understanding of the purpose, aims, strategies and practices of assessment. The data consists of longitudinal reflection assignments from 18 Finnish master's-level student teachers. Guided by the TALIP framework, the student teachers examined their own AL and factors supporting its development during the learning unit. The data were analysed using theory-informed and data-driven content analysis. The findings outline conditions for growth as an assessment-literate teacher. The study highlights integrating AL into teacher education, considering individual competencies, and recommends induction and collaborative professional development to strengthen AL across careers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48430,"journal":{"name":"Teaching and Teacher Education","volume":"171 ","pages":"Article 105341"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145736955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-09DOI: 10.1016/j.tate.2025.105345
Xuhan Du , Xiao Lan Curdt-Christiansen
This paper presents the first systematic review connecting Teacher Agency (TA) and Practiced Language Policy (PLP) in English-medium instruction (EMI) within higher education (HE) across East and Southeast Asia. Following the PRISMA protocol, the review included twenty empirical studies published from 2010 to early 2025. Patterns of TA development and the pathways supporting them were identified through visualized co-occurrence. Findings show that agency is developmental and shaped by institutional arrangements, professional learning, and identity commitment. Classroom outcomes play a critical role in informing TA when implementing translanguaging, reassessing program and institutional contexts. A 3 × 3 Integrated Model was proposed viewing PLP as Context, TA as Action, and practiced policy as Outcomes across macro, meso, and micro levels. This model provides actionable insights for optimizing resource allocation at critical decision points, granting contextual autonomy at the program level, and integrating professional development with the cyclical process of policy interpretation, reframing, and enactment.
{"title":"Teacher agency in practiced language policy in higher education in East and Southeast Asia (2010–2025): A systematic review","authors":"Xuhan Du , Xiao Lan Curdt-Christiansen","doi":"10.1016/j.tate.2025.105345","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tate.2025.105345","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper presents the first systematic review connecting Teacher Agency (TA) and Practiced Language Policy (PLP) in English-medium instruction (EMI) within higher education (HE) across East and Southeast Asia. Following the PRISMA protocol, the review included twenty empirical studies published from 2010 to early 2025. Patterns of TA development and the pathways supporting them were identified through visualized co-occurrence. Findings show that agency is developmental and shaped by institutional arrangements, professional learning, and identity commitment. Classroom outcomes play a critical role in informing TA when implementing translanguaging, reassessing program and institutional contexts. A 3 × 3 Integrated Model was proposed viewing PLP as Context, TA as Action, and practiced policy as Outcomes across macro, meso, and micro levels. This model provides actionable insights for optimizing resource allocation at critical decision points, granting contextual autonomy at the program level, and integrating professional development with the cyclical process of policy interpretation, reframing, and enactment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48430,"journal":{"name":"Teaching and Teacher Education","volume":"171 ","pages":"Article 105345"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145736956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-06DOI: 10.1016/j.tate.2025.105304
Fabian Müller , Cristina Aelenei , Mickaël Jury
This research examines whether a student's special educational needs (SEN) status accompanied by accommodations influences teachers' evaluations of performance, and whether effects vary by student gender. Across three preregistered experimental studies (N = 1214) with pre-service and in-service teachers in France, we investigated whether students with SEN were devalued in grades and competence—a backlash effect—and whether fairness perceptions moderated this bias. We operationalized an SEN case as an ADHD-labeled student receiving reduced-exercise accommodations. In Studies 1–2, students with SEN received lower grades and competence ratings than non-SEN peers, regardless of student gender or relative performance. Study 3 introduced a cross-gender comparison, testing whether female students with SEN faced heightened backlash versus male non-SEN peers. A consistent backlash effect emerged across studies, unaffected by gender contrast. Notably, fairness perceptions consistently mitigated this bias. These findings highlight persistent SEN-related backlash and support fairness-focused teacher education to promote inclusive evaluation.
{"title":"When accommodations are not enough: A multi-study examination of teacher bias toward students with special educational needs across student gender","authors":"Fabian Müller , Cristina Aelenei , Mickaël Jury","doi":"10.1016/j.tate.2025.105304","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.tate.2025.105304","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research examines whether a student's special educational needs (SEN) status accompanied by accommodations influences teachers' evaluations of performance, and whether effects vary by student gender. Across three preregistered experimental studies (<em>N</em> = 1214) with pre-service and in-service teachers in France, we investigated whether students with SEN were devalued in grades and competence—a <em>backlash effect</em>—and whether fairness perceptions moderated this bias. We operationalized an SEN case as an ADHD-labeled student receiving reduced-exercise accommodations. In Studies 1–2, students with SEN received lower grades and competence ratings than non-SEN peers, regardless of student gender or relative performance. Study 3 introduced a cross-gender comparison, testing whether female students with SEN faced heightened backlash versus male non-SEN peers. A consistent backlash effect emerged across studies, unaffected by gender contrast. Notably, fairness perceptions consistently mitigated this bias. These findings highlight persistent SEN-related backlash and support fairness-focused teacher education to promote inclusive evaluation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48430,"journal":{"name":"Teaching and Teacher Education","volume":"171 ","pages":"Article 105304"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145684946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"教育学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}