Pub Date : 2024-09-16DOI: 10.1088/2515-7620/ad75ea
Yaru Peng, Wei Hu and Xi-Zhi Niu
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in aqueous environment attracted prodigious attention due to the deleterious effects and environmental persistence. Many studies suggested that adsorption is an economical and efficient method to remove PFAS and a variety of adsorbents were developed. However, few adsorbents were conveniently applicable in real wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) or drinking water treatment plants (DWTPs). This review discusses the gap between laboratory results of PFAS removal by adsorbents and the realistic efficiency in water treatment. First, the overall performance of PFAS removal by conventional WWTPs and DWTPs was discussed. Second, PFAS removal efficiencies by different units along the treatment trains of DWTPs were compared and summarized. Third, benchtop results for the efficiency of different adsorbents including activated carbon, ion exchange resin, minerals, and metal–organic frameworks were reviewed. These studies collectively concluded that dissolved organic matter in water is the most consequential component influencing the absorptive removal of PFAS; PFAS removal efficacy was discounted in water enriched in organic matter due to competitive absorption. To obtain application implications, research on novel adsorbents of high selectivity is suggested to couple with realistic demonstration. As the battle with ‘forever chemicals’ escalates, this is a timely and insightful review to help future research efforts bridge the gaps between laboratory performance and realistic removal of PFAS applying adsorbents.
{"title":"Per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances removal in water and wastewater treatment plants: overall efficiency and performance of adsorption","authors":"Yaru Peng, Wei Hu and Xi-Zhi Niu","doi":"10.1088/2515-7620/ad75ea","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2515-7620/ad75ea","url":null,"abstract":"Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in aqueous environment attracted prodigious attention due to the deleterious effects and environmental persistence. Many studies suggested that adsorption is an economical and efficient method to remove PFAS and a variety of adsorbents were developed. However, few adsorbents were conveniently applicable in real wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) or drinking water treatment plants (DWTPs). This review discusses the gap between laboratory results of PFAS removal by adsorbents and the realistic efficiency in water treatment. First, the overall performance of PFAS removal by conventional WWTPs and DWTPs was discussed. Second, PFAS removal efficiencies by different units along the treatment trains of DWTPs were compared and summarized. Third, benchtop results for the efficiency of different adsorbents including activated carbon, ion exchange resin, minerals, and metal–organic frameworks were reviewed. These studies collectively concluded that dissolved organic matter in water is the most consequential component influencing the absorptive removal of PFAS; PFAS removal efficacy was discounted in water enriched in organic matter due to competitive absorption. To obtain application implications, research on novel adsorbents of high selectivity is suggested to couple with realistic demonstration. As the battle with ‘forever chemicals’ escalates, this is a timely and insightful review to help future research efforts bridge the gaps between laboratory performance and realistic removal of PFAS applying adsorbents.","PeriodicalId":48496,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research Communications","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142256590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-16DOI: 10.1088/2515-7620/ad7351
Derrick K Danso and Christina M Patricola
In this study, we investigated whether and how the storm surge induced by Hurricane Katrina could change if it occurs in a future warmer climate, and the sensitivity of the changes to atmospheric forcing resolution. Climate model simulations of Hurricane Katrina at 27 km, 4.5 km, and 3 km resolutions were used to drive storm surge simulations in historical and future climates using the ADvanced CIRCulation (ADCIRC) model. We found that peak surge height increased significantly in the future with all forcing resolutions. However, the future projection is 22% greater in the 3 km forcing, typical of regional climate models, compared to the 27 km forcing, typical of state-of-the-art global climate models. Additionally, the spatial extent of the future change is highly sensitive to forcing resolution, extending most broadly under the 27 km forcing. Furthermore, we found that storm surge duration decreases in the future with all forcing resolutions due to increasing TC translation speed and decreasing ocean lifetime. However, the future change in the surge duration is sensitive to the forcing resolution, decreasing by 31% in the 27 km forcing and 6% in the 3 km forcing.
{"title":"Future projections of storm surge in Hurricane Katrina and sensitivity to meteorological forcing resolution","authors":"Derrick K Danso and Christina M Patricola","doi":"10.1088/2515-7620/ad7351","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2515-7620/ad7351","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we investigated whether and how the storm surge induced by Hurricane Katrina could change if it occurs in a future warmer climate, and the sensitivity of the changes to atmospheric forcing resolution. Climate model simulations of Hurricane Katrina at 27 km, 4.5 km, and 3 km resolutions were used to drive storm surge simulations in historical and future climates using the ADvanced CIRCulation (ADCIRC) model. We found that peak surge height increased significantly in the future with all forcing resolutions. However, the future projection is 22% greater in the 3 km forcing, typical of regional climate models, compared to the 27 km forcing, typical of state-of-the-art global climate models. Additionally, the spatial extent of the future change is highly sensitive to forcing resolution, extending most broadly under the 27 km forcing. Furthermore, we found that storm surge duration decreases in the future with all forcing resolutions due to increasing TC translation speed and decreasing ocean lifetime. However, the future change in the surge duration is sensitive to the forcing resolution, decreasing by 31% in the 27 km forcing and 6% in the 3 km forcing.","PeriodicalId":48496,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research Communications","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142256623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-16DOI: 10.1088/2515-7620/ad6ee5
John C Platt, Marc L Shapiro, Zebediah Engberg, Kevin McCloskey, Scott Geraedts, Tharun Sankar, Marc E J Stettler, Roger Teoh, Ulrich Schumann, Susanne Rohs, Erica Brand and Christopher Van Arsdale
Previous work has shown that while the net effect of aircraft condensation trails (contrails) on the climate is warming, the exact magnitude of the energy forcing per meter of contrail remains uncertain. In this paper, we explore the skill of a Lagrangian contrail model (CoCiP) in identifying flight segments with high contrail energy forcing. We find that skill is greater than climatological predictions alone, even accounting for uncertainty in weather fields and model parameters. We estimate the uncertainty due to humidity by using the ensemble ERA5 weather reanalysis from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) as Monte Carlo inputs to CoCiP. We unbias and correct under-dispersion on the ERA5 humidity data by forcing a match to the distribution of in situ humidity measurements taken at cruising altitude. We take CoCiP energy forcing estimates calculated using one of the ensemble members as a proxy for ground truth, and report the skill of CoCiP in identifying segments with large positive proxy energy forcing. We further estimate the uncertainty due to model parameters in CoCiP by performing Monte Carlo simulations with CoCiP model parameters drawn from uncertainty distributions consistent with the literature. When CoCiP outputs are averaged over seasons to form climatological predictions, the skill in predicting the proxy is 44%, while the skill of per-flight CoCiP outputs is 84%. If these results carry over to the true (unknown) contrail EF, they indicate that per-flight energy forcing predictions can reduce the number of potential contrail avoidance route adjustments by 2x, hence reducing both the cost and fuel impact of contrail avoidance.
{"title":"The effect of uncertainty in humidity and model parameters on the prediction of contrail energy forcing","authors":"John C Platt, Marc L Shapiro, Zebediah Engberg, Kevin McCloskey, Scott Geraedts, Tharun Sankar, Marc E J Stettler, Roger Teoh, Ulrich Schumann, Susanne Rohs, Erica Brand and Christopher Van Arsdale","doi":"10.1088/2515-7620/ad6ee5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2515-7620/ad6ee5","url":null,"abstract":"Previous work has shown that while the net effect of aircraft condensation trails (contrails) on the climate is warming, the exact magnitude of the energy forcing per meter of contrail remains uncertain. In this paper, we explore the skill of a Lagrangian contrail model (CoCiP) in identifying flight segments with high contrail energy forcing. We find that skill is greater than climatological predictions alone, even accounting for uncertainty in weather fields and model parameters. We estimate the uncertainty due to humidity by using the ensemble ERA5 weather reanalysis from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) as Monte Carlo inputs to CoCiP. We unbias and correct under-dispersion on the ERA5 humidity data by forcing a match to the distribution of in situ humidity measurements taken at cruising altitude. We take CoCiP energy forcing estimates calculated using one of the ensemble members as a proxy for ground truth, and report the skill of CoCiP in identifying segments with large positive proxy energy forcing. We further estimate the uncertainty due to model parameters in CoCiP by performing Monte Carlo simulations with CoCiP model parameters drawn from uncertainty distributions consistent with the literature. When CoCiP outputs are averaged over seasons to form climatological predictions, the skill in predicting the proxy is 44%, while the skill of per-flight CoCiP outputs is 84%. If these results carry over to the true (unknown) contrail EF, they indicate that per-flight energy forcing predictions can reduce the number of potential contrail avoidance route adjustments by 2x, hence reducing both the cost and fuel impact of contrail avoidance.","PeriodicalId":48496,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research Communications","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142256591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-15DOI: 10.1088/2515-7620/ad6f75
Emily Nabong and Aaron Opdyke
The escalating impact of climate change necessitates innovative strategies to enhance public understanding and action. This research delves into the potential of serious games as transformative tools for climate change education and adaptation. Despite their rising popularity, serious games face challenges in effectively conveying complex climate science concepts and achieving desired learning outcomes. This study builds upon existing frameworks to propose tailored guidelines for designing serious games focused on climate change adaptation. We anchor our guidelines on the Design, Play, Experience (DPE) framework to scaffold strategies to create more effective serious games for climate change adaptation. We propose 11 elements that should be considered between player engagement and design when creating serious games. Through iterative playtesting and community involvement, we underscore the significance of reflecting on language, comprehension, timing, and social dynamics. This work bridges the gap between scientific knowledge and actionable insights in the development of serious games to equip decision-makers and communities with the tools to combat the multifaceted challenges posed by climate change.
{"title":"Designing serious games to advance climate change adaptation","authors":"Emily Nabong and Aaron Opdyke","doi":"10.1088/2515-7620/ad6f75","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2515-7620/ad6f75","url":null,"abstract":"The escalating impact of climate change necessitates innovative strategies to enhance public understanding and action. This research delves into the potential of serious games as transformative tools for climate change education and adaptation. Despite their rising popularity, serious games face challenges in effectively conveying complex climate science concepts and achieving desired learning outcomes. This study builds upon existing frameworks to propose tailored guidelines for designing serious games focused on climate change adaptation. We anchor our guidelines on the Design, Play, Experience (DPE) framework to scaffold strategies to create more effective serious games for climate change adaptation. We propose 11 elements that should be considered between player engagement and design when creating serious games. Through iterative playtesting and community involvement, we underscore the significance of reflecting on language, comprehension, timing, and social dynamics. This work bridges the gap between scientific knowledge and actionable insights in the development of serious games to equip decision-makers and communities with the tools to combat the multifaceted challenges posed by climate change.","PeriodicalId":48496,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research Communications","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142256592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-12DOI: 10.1088/2515-7620/ad7701
Saeid Aminjafari, Ian A Brown and Fernando Jaramillo
Monitoring lake water level fluctuations is critical for managing water resources, predicting the impacts of climatic change, and preserving ecosystem services lakes provide. However, traditional gauging stations are insufficient to monitor all lakes worldwide due to the large number of existing lakes, the challenges of installation and maintenance, and the remote locations of some. Although satellite altimetry is an alternative for measuring water levels, it cannot monitor small lakes effectively. This study evaluates the potential of Differential Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (D-InSAR) for tracking minor water level changes in small lakes, a method more typically used in wetland studies. We investigate two Swedish lakes using Sentinel-1A and Sentinel-1B data from 2019, generating six-day interferograms and filtering out those with in situ water level changes exceeding one phase cycle. Our results show that D-InSAR can detect small water level changes with Lin’s correlations up to 0.63 and 0.89 and RMSE values of approximately 9 and 4 mm, respectively. These results evidence the potential of future L-band SAR missions with larger wavelengths, such as the NASA-ISRO SAR (NISAR) of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO), to track water level changes in lakes and aid water tracking missions such as the SWOT (Surface Water and Ocean Topography).
{"title":"Evaluating D-InSAR performance to detect small water level fluctuations in two small lakes in Sweden","authors":"Saeid Aminjafari, Ian A Brown and Fernando Jaramillo","doi":"10.1088/2515-7620/ad7701","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2515-7620/ad7701","url":null,"abstract":"Monitoring lake water level fluctuations is critical for managing water resources, predicting the impacts of climatic change, and preserving ecosystem services lakes provide. However, traditional gauging stations are insufficient to monitor all lakes worldwide due to the large number of existing lakes, the challenges of installation and maintenance, and the remote locations of some. Although satellite altimetry is an alternative for measuring water levels, it cannot monitor small lakes effectively. This study evaluates the potential of Differential Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (D-InSAR) for tracking minor water level changes in small lakes, a method more typically used in wetland studies. We investigate two Swedish lakes using Sentinel-1A and Sentinel-1B data from 2019, generating six-day interferograms and filtering out those with in situ water level changes exceeding one phase cycle. Our results show that D-InSAR can detect small water level changes with Lin’s correlations up to 0.63 and 0.89 and RMSE values of approximately 9 and 4 mm, respectively. These results evidence the potential of future L-band SAR missions with larger wavelengths, such as the NASA-ISRO SAR (NISAR) of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO), to track water level changes in lakes and aid water tracking missions such as the SWOT (Surface Water and Ocean Topography).","PeriodicalId":48496,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research Communications","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142214874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-12DOI: 10.1088/2515-7620/ad75ee
Jerome Faure, Lauriane Mouysset, Fabrice Allier, Axel Decourtye and Sabrina Gaba
There is limited knowledge on why farmers adopt pollinator-supporting practices, which is crucial to stimulate their adoption. The dependence of farmers on pollination may influence their perception of pollinators and their willingness to adopt these practices. We addressed why farmers adopt pollinator-supporting practices using a 2011 survey conducted within a cereal plain in western France, where farmers were moderately dependent on pollination for crops like oilseed rape and sunflower. We assessed the factors influencing the adoption of practices to promote pollination, including pollination dependence. We found no effect for pollination dependence. Conversely, we found that farm size, pesticide use, advisory services and the perception of costs decreased the willingness to adopt, while older farmers were more incline to adopt. We also evaluated perceptions related to pollinators: more than 85% of farmers considered bees important for crop production and recognized pesticides as a major cause of decline. We found no effect of pollination dependence on farmers’ perceptions. Compared to similar studies over the past decade, we found similarities, particularly regarding pollinator-related perceptions. Finally, we compared the willingness to adopt in 2011 with the actual adoption in 2024, showing that there has been little change. This raises questions on the pathways to promote the adoption of pollinator-supporting practices to ensure for the future of pollinator conservation.
{"title":"How pollinator dependence may mediate farmer adoption of pollinator supporting practices and perceptions: a case study from western France","authors":"Jerome Faure, Lauriane Mouysset, Fabrice Allier, Axel Decourtye and Sabrina Gaba","doi":"10.1088/2515-7620/ad75ee","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2515-7620/ad75ee","url":null,"abstract":"There is limited knowledge on why farmers adopt pollinator-supporting practices, which is crucial to stimulate their adoption. The dependence of farmers on pollination may influence their perception of pollinators and their willingness to adopt these practices. We addressed why farmers adopt pollinator-supporting practices using a 2011 survey conducted within a cereal plain in western France, where farmers were moderately dependent on pollination for crops like oilseed rape and sunflower. We assessed the factors influencing the adoption of practices to promote pollination, including pollination dependence. We found no effect for pollination dependence. Conversely, we found that farm size, pesticide use, advisory services and the perception of costs decreased the willingness to adopt, while older farmers were more incline to adopt. We also evaluated perceptions related to pollinators: more than 85% of farmers considered bees important for crop production and recognized pesticides as a major cause of decline. We found no effect of pollination dependence on farmers’ perceptions. Compared to similar studies over the past decade, we found similarities, particularly regarding pollinator-related perceptions. Finally, we compared the willingness to adopt in 2011 with the actual adoption in 2024, showing that there has been little change. This raises questions on the pathways to promote the adoption of pollinator-supporting practices to ensure for the future of pollinator conservation.","PeriodicalId":48496,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research Communications","volume":"203 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142256593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-12DOI: 10.1088/2515-7620/ad75f0
Amy Townsend-Small, Abigail Edgar, Julianne M Fernandez, Amy Jackson and Nathan Currit
Marginal oil and gas wells, or wells that produce less than 15 barrels of oil equivalent per day, represent 80% of actively producing wells in the United States, although they produce less than 10% of energy supply. Marginal wells are a disproportionate source of methane (CH4) relative to their production, and they emit harmful air pollutants, such as benzene and other hydrocarbons found in oil and natural gas. We made direct measurements of CH4 and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) emissions from 46 wellheads in the Luling Field, Caldwell County, Texas, just east of the Austin/San Antonio Metroplex. We found that these wells are venting natural gas and are a large source of hydrogen sulfide (H2S), a poisonous air pollutant. Hydrogen sulfide emission rates ranged from 0 to 5 ± 0.5 g H2S hr−1 with an average emission rate of 1.6 ± 0.1 g H2S hr−1. We also found ambient concentrations of H2S at dangerous levels (>100 ppm) near many of the wells. Methane emission rates were in line with previous studies of marginal wells, ranging from 0.0 to 2770 ± 390 g CH4 hr−1, with a skewed distribution and average emission rate of 710 ± 100 g CH4 hr−1. Oil production records from Texas were incomplete: some wells had oil production data from the year of sampling, but many had no production data for several years or decades, although they were actively pumping while we were on site. Interviews with local residents indicate that the closing of the county gas processing plant and subsequent loss of gathering lines may be the cause of gas venting and CH4 and H2S emissions from production sites. This deserves further scrutiny, as marginal wells in this region are a major source of H2S, a health hazard to people living and working nearby.
{"title":"High rates of hydrogen sulfide emissions measured from marginal oil wells near Austin and San Antonio, Texas","authors":"Amy Townsend-Small, Abigail Edgar, Julianne M Fernandez, Amy Jackson and Nathan Currit","doi":"10.1088/2515-7620/ad75f0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2515-7620/ad75f0","url":null,"abstract":"Marginal oil and gas wells, or wells that produce less than 15 barrels of oil equivalent per day, represent 80% of actively producing wells in the United States, although they produce less than 10% of energy supply. Marginal wells are a disproportionate source of methane (CH4) relative to their production, and they emit harmful air pollutants, such as benzene and other hydrocarbons found in oil and natural gas. We made direct measurements of CH4 and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) emissions from 46 wellheads in the Luling Field, Caldwell County, Texas, just east of the Austin/San Antonio Metroplex. We found that these wells are venting natural gas and are a large source of hydrogen sulfide (H2S), a poisonous air pollutant. Hydrogen sulfide emission rates ranged from 0 to 5 ± 0.5 g H2S hr−1 with an average emission rate of 1.6 ± 0.1 g H2S hr−1. We also found ambient concentrations of H2S at dangerous levels (>100 ppm) near many of the wells. Methane emission rates were in line with previous studies of marginal wells, ranging from 0.0 to 2770 ± 390 g CH4 hr−1, with a skewed distribution and average emission rate of 710 ± 100 g CH4 hr−1. Oil production records from Texas were incomplete: some wells had oil production data from the year of sampling, but many had no production data for several years or decades, although they were actively pumping while we were on site. Interviews with local residents indicate that the closing of the county gas processing plant and subsequent loss of gathering lines may be the cause of gas venting and CH4 and H2S emissions from production sites. This deserves further scrutiny, as marginal wells in this region are a major source of H2S, a health hazard to people living and working nearby.","PeriodicalId":48496,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research Communications","volume":"72 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142256594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-12DOI: 10.1088/2515-7620/ad75ed
Yunfeng Ruan, Chunyu Jiao and Yashu Duan
Effectively evaluating the historical and future land use/cover change (LUCC) is significant for effective land use planning and management, ecological conservation, and restoration. Taking the Chaohu Lake Basin (CLB) as the study area, GIS technology and geographic detector were used to quantitatively analyze the change characteristics and driving factors of LUCC under the three periods in 2000, 2010, and 2020 of the CLB. This study aimed to comprehend the alterations that have transpired over the last two decades. In addition, the PLUS model was utilized to forecast LUCC trends under three scenarios: natural development, urban development, and ecological protection by 2030 in the CLB. The results suggest a significant decrease of the cultivated land area, while a considerable increase for the construction land area from 2000 to 2020 in the CLB. The expansion of the construction land area was mainly driven by the conversion of cultivated land area. Additionally, the slope was identified as the primary factor influencing LUCC, with q-values of 0.275, 0.266, and 0.258 in 2000, 2010, and 2020, respectively. The interaction between slope and soil type, distance to the trunk road and the secondary trunk road, and GDP was strong. The explanatory capacity of socioeconomic factors demonstrated a steady increase. The simulation results indicate that a decrease in cultivated land area and an increase in construction land area still occurred by 2030 in the CLB, particularly in the urban development scenario. Nonetheless, a notable deceleration of change was appeared in the ecological protection scenario. The alterations in forest and grassland areas were not significant. However, the water bodies area continued to enlarge, although the expansion was not substantial. The study results can provide policy references for the scientific management and long-term strategic planning of land resources in the CLB.
{"title":"Study on the characteristics and scenario simulation of land use change in the Chaohu Lake Basin, China","authors":"Yunfeng Ruan, Chunyu Jiao and Yashu Duan","doi":"10.1088/2515-7620/ad75ed","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2515-7620/ad75ed","url":null,"abstract":"Effectively evaluating the historical and future land use/cover change (LUCC) is significant for effective land use planning and management, ecological conservation, and restoration. Taking the Chaohu Lake Basin (CLB) as the study area, GIS technology and geographic detector were used to quantitatively analyze the change characteristics and driving factors of LUCC under the three periods in 2000, 2010, and 2020 of the CLB. This study aimed to comprehend the alterations that have transpired over the last two decades. In addition, the PLUS model was utilized to forecast LUCC trends under three scenarios: natural development, urban development, and ecological protection by 2030 in the CLB. The results suggest a significant decrease of the cultivated land area, while a considerable increase for the construction land area from 2000 to 2020 in the CLB. The expansion of the construction land area was mainly driven by the conversion of cultivated land area. Additionally, the slope was identified as the primary factor influencing LUCC, with q-values of 0.275, 0.266, and 0.258 in 2000, 2010, and 2020, respectively. The interaction between slope and soil type, distance to the trunk road and the secondary trunk road, and GDP was strong. The explanatory capacity of socioeconomic factors demonstrated a steady increase. The simulation results indicate that a decrease in cultivated land area and an increase in construction land area still occurred by 2030 in the CLB, particularly in the urban development scenario. Nonetheless, a notable deceleration of change was appeared in the ecological protection scenario. The alterations in forest and grassland areas were not significant. However, the water bodies area continued to enlarge, although the expansion was not substantial. The study results can provide policy references for the scientific management and long-term strategic planning of land resources in the CLB.","PeriodicalId":48496,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research Communications","volume":"152 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142214892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-09DOI: 10.1088/2515-7620/ad707c
Paul R Adler, Hai Nguyen, Benjamin M Rau and Curtis J Dell
Nitrous oxide is the largest source of greenhouse gas emissions from crop production. There is significant interest in targeting marginal lands for growing biomass crops, however little information is available on how this will affect N2O emissions from these crops. Furthermore, to characterize N2O emission at the farm level to quantify mitigation using measurements is time intensive, costly, and impractical. We selected a highly diverse watershed varying in soil texture and topography to compare two approaches for modeling soil N2O emissions using machine learning, intensive measurements of soil environment and climate variables, with the other only using remotely sensed variables. We confirmed that soil nitrogen was the most important variable followed by soil environment as influence by soil characteristic, topography, and climate. We also found that the machine learning model built on remotely sensed variables performed as well as when direct site level measurements were available. This finding supports the potential of using remotely sensed data to build machine learning models to characterize soil N2O emissions without the need for intensive soil measurements for entity level assessments.
{"title":"Modeling N2O emissions with remotely sensed variables using machine learning","authors":"Paul R Adler, Hai Nguyen, Benjamin M Rau and Curtis J Dell","doi":"10.1088/2515-7620/ad707c","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2515-7620/ad707c","url":null,"abstract":"Nitrous oxide is the largest source of greenhouse gas emissions from crop production. There is significant interest in targeting marginal lands for growing biomass crops, however little information is available on how this will affect N2O emissions from these crops. Furthermore, to characterize N2O emission at the farm level to quantify mitigation using measurements is time intensive, costly, and impractical. We selected a highly diverse watershed varying in soil texture and topography to compare two approaches for modeling soil N2O emissions using machine learning, intensive measurements of soil environment and climate variables, with the other only using remotely sensed variables. We confirmed that soil nitrogen was the most important variable followed by soil environment as influence by soil characteristic, topography, and climate. We also found that the machine learning model built on remotely sensed variables performed as well as when direct site level measurements were available. This finding supports the potential of using remotely sensed data to build machine learning models to characterize soil N2O emissions without the need for intensive soil measurements for entity level assessments.","PeriodicalId":48496,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Research Communications","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142226934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-09DOI: 10.1088/2515-7620/ad75ef
Tetiana Pokshevnytska and Yuliia Khrutba
The field of nature conservation in Ukraine is currently experiencing a profound crisis. In light of the mounting risks to Ukraine’s ecosystems, it is of paramount importance that conservation planning incorporates risk management strategies. In the aftermath of the Chernobyl disaster, the management of water bodies in the Exclusion Zone assumed paramount importance, given that the rivers had become the primary conduit for the transportation of radioactive substances. It is therefore imperative to evaluate the risks and vulnerabilities of climate change on Ukraine’s most developed economic sectors, population, and natural ecosystems. This will facilitate comprehension of the prospective consequences of climate change, ascertain the extent of potential losses, and inform decision-making aimed at reducing or preventing such losses in a timely manner. One of the primary challenges facing specialists at the Chornobyl Radiation and Ecological Biosphere Reserve, in addition to other organisations and enterprises of the State Agency of Ukraine on Exclusion Zone Management and scientific institutions, is the assessment of the feasibility of hydromelioration systems. It is of the utmost importance that a scientifically sound methodological approach be employed in order to ensure the reliability and validity of the results obtained through the assessment of risks and vulnerabilities to climate change. In this context, the utilisation of adaptive methodologies is of paramount importance for the development of risk management strategies. One such methodology is the Methodology for Risk Analysis and Information Management for Strategic Ecosystems (MARISCO). This article considers the potential deployment of the MARISCO adaptive method as a universal methodology for the analysis of environmental issues, with a view to informing decision-making on risk management strategies in the Chornobyl Radiation and Ecological Biosphere Reserve.
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