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Optimization of titanium cranial implant designs using generalized reduced gradient method, analysis of finite elements, and artificial neural networks 基于广义简化梯度法、有限元分析和人工神经网络的钛合金颅骨种植体设计优化
IF 0.5 4区 工程技术 Q4 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.23967/j.rimni.2022.06.004
M. Martínez-Valencia, C. Navarro, J. Vázquez-López, J. Hernández-Arellano, J. Jiménez-García, J. Díaz-León
When cranial bone needs to be removed or lost, subsequent reconstruction of the defect is necessary to protect the underlying brain, correct aesthetic deformities, or both. Cranioplasty surgical procedures are performed to correct the skull defects requiring reconstruction of form and function. Personalized cranial implants can repair severe injuries to the skull can be done through This study presents the optimization of cranial titanium implants. A total of sixty different models were subjected to a simulation by Finite Element Analysis (FEA) applying the mechanical properties of a grade 5 titanium alloy (Ti6Al4V) implant material. The material was subjected to intracranial pressure (ICP) conditions, with a typical range (10 mm Hg) and twelve fixation points in the boundary conditions. An artificial neural network (ANN) was created to connect the designs, obtaining maximum displacements. Optimal designs were obtained using a generalized reduced gradient that minimizes the amount of material, maintaining as a restriction a maximum displacement of 0.1 mm for the 5th to 95th percentiles, which represent the group of individuals under study.
当颅骨需要切除或丢失时,随后的缺损重建是必要的,以保护潜在的大脑,纠正美学畸形,或两者兼而有之。颅骨成形术是为了纠正需要重建形状和功能的颅骨缺陷而进行的手术。个性化的颅骨植入物可以修复严重的颅骨损伤,本研究提出了颅骨钛植入物的优化。采用5级钛合金(Ti6Al4V)植入材料的力学性能,对60个不同模型进行了有限元模拟。材料在颅内压(ICP)条件下,具有典型的范围(10 mm Hg)和边界条件下的12个固定点。建立了人工神经网络(ANN)来连接设计,以获得最大位移。优化设计采用广义的减少梯度,最大限度地减少材料的数量,保持最大位移0.1毫米的限制第5至95个百分位数,这代表了研究中的个体群体。
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引用次数: 0
Numerical study of turbine rim seals performance with different sealing structures 不同密封结构涡轮轮缘密封性能的数值研究
IF 0.5 4区 工程技术 Q4 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.23967/j.rimni.2022.09.003
T. Bai, Q. Yang, J. Liu, Y. Shi, S. Qiao
The unsteady large-scale vortex near the turbine rim has an important influence on the sealing performance. Characteristics and performance of four sealing structures are researched in this paper. Three-dimensional unsteady numerical simulation was adopted to deeply reveal the characteristics of the rim sealing vortex and its influence mechanism on the rim sealing performance. The results show that the rim seal vortex structure induced by the interaction between ingested gas and sealing flow in the gap is the leading cause of unsteady flow in the rim. The vortex size is suppressed with the increasing seal flow rate or a Chute seal structure. However, the rim seal vortex exit in the cavity gap under a low seal flow rate can suppress the gas intrusion and improve the sealing efficiency of the turbine cavity even with a simple sealing structure. The Chute sealing structure achieves better performance among the four sealing structures studied in this paper. It can achieve complete sealing under a low sealing flow rate of 0.5% and has less impact on the aerodynamic performance of the mainstream even with high sealing flow rate. The research of this paper has guiding significance for further understanding the sealing mechanism and optimizing the design of the sealing structures.
涡轮边缘附近的非定常大涡对涡轮密封性能有重要影响。本文研究了四种密封结构的特点和性能。采用三维非定常数值模拟方法,深入揭示了轮缘密封涡的特性及其对轮缘密封性能的影响机理。研究结果表明,由吸入气体与间隙内密封流动相互作用而产生的边缘密封涡结构是导致边缘非定常流动的主要原因。增大密封流量或采用斜槽密封结构可以抑制涡流的大小。而在低密封流量条件下,在空腔间隙处的边缘密封涡出口即使采用简单的密封结构也能抑制气体侵入,提高涡轮空腔的密封效率。在本文所研究的四种密封结构中,溜槽密封结构的性能较好。在0.5%的低密封流量下可以实现完全密封,在高密封流量下对主流气动性能影响较小。本文的研究对进一步认识密封机理和优化密封结构设计具有指导意义。
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引用次数: 1
Design of Fast and Zero Voltage Switching Of Interleaved Flyback Converter with H6 Type Inverter for Photovoltaic Applications 光伏用H6型逆变器交错反激变换器的快速零电压开关设计
IF 0.5 4区 工程技术 Q4 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.23967/j.rimni.2022.09.006
D. Arumozhiyal, S. Saravanakumar
In this paper, a design of interleaved flyback converter with H6 inverter topology is proposed. Flyback converter is one among the DC-DC converter with high frequency which is used or low power applications. Because of high frequency operation switching losses and stresses are more. To reduce stresses and losses across the switch of interleaved flyback converter is proposed. In the grid tied inverter system leakage current is one of the disadvantages and to avoid this H6 type inverter is used.With this advantage of H6 inverter andflyback converter this paper is mainly focused on stresses across switches and eliminating leakage current, harmonic reduction. Further the fast switching is proposed within converter in order to deliver maximum power transfer delivered to load through grid. To validate the overall performance the proposed converter modeled in MATLAN-SIMULINK and prototype developed using DSP DSP TMS320F28377S and connected to grid connected load.
本文提出了一种基于H6逆变器拓扑结构的交错反激变换器设计。反激变换器是高频DC-DC变换器中的一种,应用于低功耗场合。由于工作频率高,开关损耗和应力较大。为了减小交错反激变换器开关处的应力和损耗,提出了一种方法。在并网逆变器系统中漏电流是缺点之一,为了避免这一点,采用了H6型逆变器。利用H6逆变器和反激变换器的这一优点,本文主要研究开关间应力的消除、漏电流的消除、谐波的降低。在此基础上,提出了变流器内部的快速开关,以实现通过电网向负载的最大功率传输。为了验证该变换器在MATLAN-SIMULINK中建模的整体性能,并利用DSP TMS320F28377S开发了样机,并与并网负载连接。
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引用次数: 0
Multi-index cutting parameters optimization for surface quality and cutting energy consumption of boring 针对镗孔表面质量和切削能耗的多指标切削参数优化
IF 0.5 4区 工程技术 Q4 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.23967/j.rimni.2022.03.004
Y. Zhan, J. Zhou, Z. Zou, Y. Xu, X. Li, M. Jia
Saving energy is one of the ways to achieve sustainable development. As an important equipment for manufacturing, machine tool has the characteristics of high energy consumption and high emission. In order to cope with reducing energy consumption and carbon emissions without reducing processing quality, the search for optimal cutting parameters requires balancing the contradiction between machining quality and cutting energy consumption, so that cutting parameters can both reduce energy consumption and ensure the quality of processing. It plays an important role in achieving energy saving and emission reduction. In this paper, the processing quality (residual stress, surface roughness) and cutting energy consumption are selected as the optimized multiple indicators, and the selected optimization indicators are analyzed. Weighted grey correlation analysis is used to obtain the multi-index gray correlation degree value, and the multi-index weight coefficient is determined. Based on weighted grey correlation analysis and multi-index orthogonal optimization method, the cutting parameters of the boring process are optimized, and the optimal parameter combination is that cutting depth of 0.05 mm, cutting speed of 120 m/min, and feed rate of 80 mm/min.
节约能源是实现可持续发展的途径之一。机床作为制造业的重要装备,具有高能耗、高排放的特点。为了在不降低加工质量的前提下应对降低能耗和碳排放,寻找最优切削参数需要平衡加工质量与切削能耗之间的矛盾,使切削参数既能降低能耗,又能保证加工质量。它在实现节能减排方面发挥着重要作用。本文选取加工质量(残余应力、表面粗糙度)和切削能耗作为优化后的多重指标,并对选定的优化指标进行了分析。采用加权灰色关联分析得到多指标灰色关联度值,确定多指标权重系数。基于加权灰色关联分析和多指标正交优化方法,对镗削工艺的切削参数进行了优化,得到最优参数组合为切削深度0.05 mm,切削速度120 m/min,进给速度80 mm/min。
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引用次数: 0
Sensor fault-detection algorithm on a AC/DC converters for microgrids based on principal component analysis 基于主成分分析的微电网交直流变换器传感器故障检测算法
IF 0.5 4区 工程技术 Q4 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.23967/j.rimni.2022.09.009
S. Guamantica, L. Ortíz, A. Téllez, M. Ruiz Maldonado, S. Chamarro
Esta investigación propone un método para la Detección de Fallas en sensores relacionados con el Control Local de Convertidores de Fuente de Voltaje conectados a Microrredes AC/DC usando Análisis de Componentes Principales. Para lograr lo anterior, se realizan simulaciones sobre una Microrred de referencia compuesta por una variedad de cargas (lineales y no lineales), Generación Distribuida (convencional y renovable), así como Sistemas de Almacenamiento de Energía en Baterías DC y AC con sus respectivos convertidores. Los investigadores proponen dos escenarios de falla y un escenario de operación normal para este estudio. El escenario de operación normal, denominado en este documento como clase uno, sirve de referencia para realizar el análisis del comportamiento del método propuesto y su validación con respecto a los otros dos escenarios. Como resultado se obtuvo un algoritmo basado en Análisis de Componentes Principales que, a partir de los componentes principales de los casos o clases, calcula las diferencias entre los espacios obtenidos a partir de un total de 257 variables recolectadas en todas las barras del sistema y del sensado para Control Local.
本研究提出了一种利用主成分分析检测交直流微电网电压源变换器局部控制相关传感器故障的方法。为了实现上述目标,在一个由各种负载(线性和非线性)、分布式发电(传统和可再生)以及直流和交流电池储能系统及其各自的转换器组成的微电网上进行了仿真。研究人员为本研究提出了两种故障场景和一种正常运行场景。正常操作场景,在本文档中称为第一类,作为对所提出方法的性能进行分析和对其他两个场景进行验证的参考。了一个算法基于分析结果将主要组件的主要组件或类案件,估计空间之间差异从257总共获得的变量系统收集的所有酒吧和本地sensado用于控制。
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引用次数: 0
Effects of fly ash, slag pozzolans, and polycarboxylate on mechanical properties of concretes and economical evaluation 粉煤灰、矿渣、聚羧酸盐对混凝土力学性能的影响及经济性评价
IF 0.5 4区 工程技术 Q4 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.23967/j.rimni.2022.02.001
E. Ahmadi, Y. Zandi, M. Vetr, H. Yazdi
In this research, steel furnace slag, fly ash and new synthesized polycarboxylate was used to replace cement in concrete composition. Concrete was made in three grades of 400, 450 and 500 using steel furnace slag, fly ash and polymer with different percentages of dry weight. Also, the amount of water to cement was selected as one of the effective parameters in concrete strength and production costs. The results showed that slag percent had a positive effect on improving samples strength. Also, increasing the percentage of polycarboxylate and decreasing the amount of water per cement ratio increased the strength of concretes. Finally, by examining the effect of several parameters on the strength of concrete, an economic evaluation was performed to manage the cost of increasing the strength of concrete. The results also indicated that with increasing percentage of resistance, the amount of costs increased in all three grades: 400, 450 and 500.
本研究以炼钢炉渣、粉煤灰和新型合成的聚羧酸盐代替水泥作为混凝土成分。用不同干重百分比的钢渣、粉煤灰和聚合物配制了400、450和500三个等级的混凝土。水泥掺水量是影响混凝土强度和生产成本的有效参数之一。结果表明,矿渣掺量对提高试样强度有积极作用。同时,增加聚羧酸盐的掺量和降低水灰比可以提高混凝土的强度。最后,通过检查几个参数对混凝土强度的影响,进行了经济评估,以管理增加混凝土强度的成本。结果还表明,随着阻力百分比的增加,400、450和500三个等级的成本都在增加。
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引用次数: 0
Numerical simulation of erosion wear and leakage flow field of gas-solid two-phase flow in a T-shaped pipeline t型管道气固两相流冲蚀磨损及泄漏流场数值模拟
IF 0.5 4区 工程技术 Q4 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.23967/j.rimni.2022.05.001
H. Yan, Y. Liu, J. Li, Z. Kou, P. Li
In the process of natural gas transportation in pipeline, because the natural gas contains mud and sand, the pipeline will undergo erosion wear under the impact of gas-solid two-phase flow. Erosion wear seriously reduces the performance of the inner wall of the pipeline, which is not conducive to the stability of the conveying process and the safe operation of the equipment. Among them, the erosion wear of special pipe fittings such as tee pipe and bend pipe are especially serious. In this paper, the erosion of natural gas T-shaped tee pipeline is simulated by FLUENT software, and the erosion wear and fluid-solid coupling analysis are completed. The erosion characteristics of gas-solid two-phase flow under different fluid velocities, different mass flow rates and different particle diameters are studied, and the maximum erosion rates and corresponding variation trends under different influencing factors are obtained. The flow field characteristics of T-shaped pipeline were analyzed based on the small hole leakage model. The characteristics of the leakage flow field were studied from the three aspects of the pressure inside the pipe, the area of the leakage orifice and the shape of the leakage orifice. The experimental platform was built, and the simulation and experimental results were compared and analyzed to verify the correctness of the established model and CFD simulation.
在天然气管道输送过程中,由于天然气中含有泥浆和沙子,管道在气固两相流的影响下会发生冲蚀磨损。冲蚀磨损严重降低了管道内壁的使用性能,不利于输送过程的稳定和设备的安全运行。其中,三通管、弯管等特殊管件的冲蚀磨损尤为严重。本文利用FLUENT软件对天然气t型三通管道的冲蚀进行了仿真,完成了冲蚀磨损及流固耦合分析。研究了不同流体速度、不同质量流量和不同颗粒直径下气固两相流的冲刷特性,得到了不同影响因素下的最大冲刷速率及其变化趋势。基于小孔泄漏模型,分析了t型管道的流场特性。从管道内压力、泄漏孔面积和泄漏孔形状三个方面研究了泄漏流场的特性。搭建实验平台,对仿真结果与实验结果进行对比分析,验证所建模型和CFD仿真的正确性。
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引用次数: 0
Adaptive analysis of multistage down-hole throttling and optimization design of process parameters in Sulige gas field 苏里格气田多级井下节流自适应分析及工艺参数优化设计
IF 0.5 4区 工程技术 Q4 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.23967/j.rimni.2022.06.001
W. Yijun, Y. Wu, X. Zheng, Y. Li, X. Lu, C. Liu
The Sulige Gas Field mainly adopts down-hole throttling production technology. For gas Wells with high bottom-hole pressure and productivity and low pressure drop in the testing process, it is difficult to reduce the wellhead pressure to the ideal value by installing a single-stage down-hole throttle, which cannot meet the needs of existing middle and low-pressure gas gathering technology in Sulige Gas field. Therefore, it is proposed to adopt down-hole multi-stage throttling technology, which not only makes full use of the residual pressure and heat of the well bore, but also ensures the safety of the surface gathering and transportation process system and the normal production of gas wells. In this paper, the optimization design method and theory for the technological parameters of the down-hole multi-stage throttling system of gas wells are established. According to the constraint of low-pressure gas collection mode in a temperature and pressure of wellhead safety to determine the number of down-hole choke and the process parameters. Discuss the applied conditions of down-hole multi-stage throttling, and provide theoretical support for the selection of the down-hole choke technology of the Sulige gas well and the safe and stable production of the gas well. It has important guiding significance for gas field quality and efficiency improvement and fine management.
苏里格气田主要采用井下节流生产技术。对于测试过程中井底压力和产能较高、压降较低的气井,通过安装单级井下节流阀难以将井口压力降至理想值,不能满足苏里格气田现有中低压集气技术的需要。因此,提出采用井下多级节流技术,既能充分利用井筒的余压和余热,又能保证地面集输工艺系统的安全,保证气井的正常生产。本文建立了气井井下多级节流系统工艺参数的优化设计方法和理论。根据低压集气方式的约束,在井口温度和压力安全的情况下,确定井下节流器的个数和工艺参数。探讨了井下多级节流的应用条件,为苏里格气井井下节流技术的选择和气井的安全稳定生产提供理论支持。对提高气田质量效益和精细化管理具有重要的指导意义。
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引用次数: 0
Machine learning techniques applied to the coronavirus pandemic: a systematic and bibliometric analysis from January 2020 to June 2021 应用于冠状病毒大流行的机器学习技术:2020年1月至2021年6月的系统文献计量分析
IF 0.5 4区 工程技术 Q4 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.23967/j.rimni.2022.09.001
M. Steiner, D. Franco, P. Steiner Nieto
During the pandemic caused by the Coronavirus (Covid-19), Machine Learning (ML) techniques can be used, among other alternatives, to detect the virus in its early stages, which would aid a fast recovery and help to ease the pressure on healthcare systems. In this study, we present a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) and a Bibliometric Analysis of ML technique applications in the Covid-19 pandemic, from January 2020 to June 2021, identifying possible unexplored gaps. In the SLR, the 117 most cited papers published during the period were analyzed and divided into four categories: 22 articles that analyzed the problem of the disease using ML techniques in an X-Ray (XR) analysis and Computed Tomography (CT) of the lungs of infected patients; 13 articles that studied the problem by addressing social network tools using ML techniques; 44 articles directly used ML techniques in forecasting problems; and 38 articles that applied ML techniques for general issues regarding the disease. The gap identified in the literature had to do with the use of ML techniques when analyzing the relationship between the human genotype and susceptibility to Covid-19 or the severity of the infection, a subject that has begun to be explored in the scientific community.
在冠状病毒(Covid-19)引起的大流行期间,机器学习(ML)技术可用于在早期阶段检测病毒,这将有助于快速恢复并有助于缓解医疗保健系统的压力。在这项研究中,我们对机器学习技术在2020年1月至2021年6月Covid-19大流行中的应用进行了系统文献综述(SLR)和文献计量学分析,找出了可能未被探索的空白。在SLR中,分析了在此期间发表的117篇被引用最多的论文,并将其分为四类:22篇文章在感染患者的肺部x射线(XR)分析和计算机断层扫描(CT)中使用ML技术分析了疾病的问题;13篇文章通过使用ML技术解决社交网络工具来研究这个问题;44篇文章直接使用ML技术解决预测问题;以及38篇应用ML技术解决与该疾病有关的一般问题的文章。在分析人类基因型与Covid-19易感性或感染严重程度之间的关系时,文献中发现的差距与ML技术的使用有关,这一主题已开始在科学界进行探索。
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引用次数: 1
State estimation of electrical power systems based on optimal deployment of PMU considering contingencies 考虑突发事件的PMU优化部署电力系统状态估计
IF 0.5 4区 工程技术 Q4 ENGINEERING, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.23967/j.rimni.2022.03.010
G. Morocho, D. Carrión
The present research proposes to design and apply a state estimator algorithm in electrical power systems, applying the Weighted Least Squares methodology, through a process called non-linear hybrid estimator, the same one that uses measurements from PMUs and conventional measurements. in addition, to find the optimal PMU locations respecting the observability and redundancy restrictions for the Electric Power Systems, through mixed integer linear programming, considering the N-1 contingencies in the SEP. The proposed state estimator is adjusted to the measurements obtained, in the presence of contingencies in the SEP. The simulations obtained as a result of the implementation of the hybrid state estimator show that the proposal improves the precision of the estimator and the speed of convergence, considering the minimum error of system measurements and the number of PMUs placed in the Power System, after a contingency occurs, which may be the departure of a PMU or the loss of one of the transmission lines of the SEP.
本研究提出在电力系统中设计并应用一种状态估计器算法,该算法采用加权最小二乘方法,通过一种称为非线性混合估计器的过程,该过程使用pmu和常规测量的测量值。此外,考虑SEP中N-1的偶然性,通过混合整数线性规划,考虑电力系统的可观测性和冗余性限制,找到最优PMU位置。实现该混合状态估计器的仿真结果表明,在发生意外事件(可能是PMU偏离或SEP的一条传输线丢失)时,考虑到系统测量误差最小和放置在电力系统中的PMU数量,该方法提高了估计器的精度和收敛速度。
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引用次数: 0
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Revista Internacional de Metodos Numericos para Calculo y Diseno en Ingenieria
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