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Passenger-based adaptive transit signal priority for BRT systems with multiple loading areas 为有多个上客区的快速公交系统提供基于乘客的自适应公交信号优先权
IF 2.7 4区 工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Pub Date : 2024-03-11 DOI: 10.1049/itr2.12488
Hamid Behbahani, Mohammad Poorjafari

An adaptive transit signal priority strategy is presented in this paper with the objective of passenger delay minimization at isolated intersections serving conflicting bus rapid transit (BRT) routes. The proposed passenger-based adaptive signal priority for BRT systems (PASPB) is designed to optimize both green times and phase sequences at the start of each cycle and for a prespecified decision horizon. Since a public transportation (PT) vehicle travel time model capable of estimating the dwell time at stops with multiple loading areas has not yet been developed, PT vehicle dwell time is modeled in this study by analyzing the cases of passenger service by single or double PT vehicles. The problem is formulated as a mixed-integer nonlinear program (MINLP) and at each execution, the optimization is conducted by genetic algorithm. The model is deployed to a real-field intersection with conflicting BRT routes under the SUMO microsimulation environment. The results show that PASPB outperforms the SYNCHRO optimal solution and phase insertion strategy regarding PT passenger delay. Besides, the sensitivity analysis proves that at high demand levels of the PT system or general traffic, PASPB presents the best performance in terms of general traffic, PT, and total passenger delay compared to other models.

本文介绍了一种自适应公交信号优先策略,其目标是在为相互冲突的快速公交(BRT)线路提供服务的孤立交叉口,最大限度地减少乘客延误。所提出的基于乘客的快速公交系统自适应信号优先策略(PASPB)旨在优化每个周期开始时的绿灯时间和相位序列,并优化预设的决策周期。由于目前尚未开发出能够估算具有多个上客区的站点停留时间的公共交通(PT)车辆行驶时间模型,因此本研究通过分析单人或双人公共交通车辆的客运服务情况,对公共交通车辆的停留时间进行建模。该问题被表述为混合整数非线性程序(MINLP),每次执行时都采用遗传算法进行优化。在 SUMO 微观仿真环境下,将模型部署到一个存在快速公交线路冲突的真实路口。结果表明,在 PT 乘客延迟方面,PASPB 优于 SYNCHRO 最佳方案和相位插入策略。此外,敏感性分析表明,在公共交通系统或一般交通需求水平较高的情况下,与其他模型相比,PASPB 在一般交通、公共交通和总乘客延迟方面表现最佳。
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引用次数: 0
Towards intelligent transportation system: A comprehensive review of electronic toll collection systems 迈向智能交通系统:电子收费系统综述
IF 2.7 4区 工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Pub Date : 2024-03-10 DOI: 10.1049/itr2.12500
Mahir Shahrier, Arif Hasnat, Jobaer Al-Mahmud, Armana Sabiha Huq, Sakib Ahmed, Md. Khorshadul Haque

Electronic toll collection system (ETCS) devices on vehicles communicate wirelessly with road head devices at toll stations. ETCS is preferred in countries because it is more convenient and efficient than manual toll collection. However, the scattered and constant innovations in this sector require a bridge between worldwide ETCS usage and advancements and a single page to grasp this sector's developments to ensure further developments. Following a systematic review, this study examined ETCS worldwide and technology adaption considering the scopes, limitations, usages, and related technology of the ever-developing electronic toll collection system. Existing ETCS technologies have been investigated and synchronized with ingrowing tech disparity to overcome the research synchronization gap. The study also included a bibliometric assessment to identify the important areas of research, technologies most used, degree of knowledge generated, growth/trend of the researches, most well-known authors, keywords, countries, documents, source of publication, and so on considering time-to-time changes. The study provided bibliometric solutions to the gap of lack of synchronization of research worldwide and even ETCS implementation difference within a country, which complicated collaboration with the central system and linked organizations and made it difficult for users to adapt the system.

车辆上的电子收费系统(ETCS)装置与收费站的路头装置进行无线通信。由于 ETCS 比人工收费更方便、更高效,因此受到各国的青睐。然而,由于该领域的创新分散且持续不断,因此需要在全球范围内的 ETCS 使用和进步之间架起一座桥梁,并通过单一页面掌握该领域的发展情况,以确保进一步发展。本研究通过系统回顾,对全球范围内的 ETCS 和技术适应性进行了研究,考虑了不断发展的电子收费系统的范围、局限性、用途和相关技术。对现有的 ETCS 技术进行了调查,并与不断扩大的技术差距同步,以克服研究同步差距。研究还包括文献计量评估,以确定重要的研究领域、最常用的技术、知识生成程度、研究的增长/趋势、最知名的作者、关键词、国家、文献、出版来源等,并考虑到时间的变化。这项研究提供了文献计量学解决方案,解决了世界范围内研究缺乏同步性,甚至在一 个国家内 ETCS 的实施也存在差异的问题,这些问题使得与中央系统和相关组织的合作变得复 杂,也使得用户难以适应该系统。
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引用次数: 0
Fuel-efficient and safe distributed hierarchical control for connected hybrid electric vehicles platooning 高效省油、安全可靠的分布式分层控制,适用于混合动力电动汽车的排队行驶
IF 2.3 4区 工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Pub Date : 2024-03-08 DOI: 10.1049/itr2.12505
Jinghua Guo, Jingyao Wang, Ban Wang

In order to enhance the performance of safety and fuel economy of connected hybrid electric vehicles (CHEVs), a novel distributed hierarchical platoon control scheme of CHEVs is proposed. First, the non-linear dynamic model of CHEVs platooning is established to accurately depict the multi-process coupling characteristics of CHEVs. Then, a distributed hierarchical control framework for CHEVs platooning is proposed, which is consisted of a upper model predictive control (MPC) law and a lower energy management control law. The upper MPC control law is built to produce the desired accelerations of every vehicle in the platoon and the lower fuzzy-based energy management control law is constructed to ensure the engine maintain at the rang of optimum working point and the motor work with the high efficiency of CHEVs platooning. Finally, the results manifest that the effectiveness of proposed platoon control scheme for CHEVs.

为了提高互联混合动力电动汽车(CHEVs)的安全性能和燃油经济性,提出了一种新颖的分布式分层排序控制方案。首先,建立了CHEV排布的非线性动态模型,以准确描述CHEV的多进程耦合特性。然后,提出了由上层模型预测控制(MPC)法则和下层能量管理控制法则组成的CHEV排布分布式分层控制框架。上层的模型预测控制法则用于为排成一排的每辆车提供所需的加速度,下层的基于模糊的能量管理控制法则用于确保发动机保持在最佳工作点的范围内,并确保汽车排成一排时电机的高效率工作。最后,研究结果表明,所提出的CHEV排成一排控制方案是有效的。
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引用次数: 0
Assessing temporary traffic management measures on a motorway: Lane closures vs narrow lanes for connected and autonomous vehicles in roadworks 评估高速公路上的临时交通管理措施:在道路施工中为联网和自动驾驶车辆关闭车道与狭窄车道
IF 2.3 4区 工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Pub Date : 2024-03-08 DOI: 10.1049/itr2.12503
Mohit Kumar Singh, Nicolette Formosa, Cheuk Ki Man, Craig Morton, Cansu Bahar Masera, Mohammed Quddus

Connected and automated vehicles (CAVs) are being developed and designed to operate on existing roads. Their safe and efficient operation during roadworks, where traffic management measures are often introduced, is crucial. Two alternative measures are commonly applied during roadworks on motorways: (i) closing one or multiple lanes (ii) narrowing one or all lanes. The former can cause delays and increased emissions, while the latter can pose safety risks. This study uses a VISSIM-based traffic microsimulation to compare the effectiveness of these two strategies on traffic efficiency and safety, considering various market penetration rates (MPR) of CAVs. The model was calibrated and validated with the data collected from M1 motorway in the United Kingdom. Results show that average delays per vehicle-kilometre-travelled decreased from 102.7 to 2.5 s (with lane closure) and 23.6 to 0.6 s (with narrow lanes) with 0% and 100% CAV MPR, respectively. Moreover, safety in narrow lanes improved by 4.8 times compared to 1.5 times improvement in lane closure with a 100% CAV MPR; indicating that narrow lanes would result in better safety performance. These findings could assist transport authorities in designing temporary traffic management measure that results in better CAV performance when navigating through roadworks.

互联和自动驾驶车辆(CAV)正在开发和设计中,以便在现有道路上运行。它们在道路施工期间的安全和高效运行至关重要,因为施工期间通常会引入交通管理措施。在高速公路道路施工期间,通常会采用两种替代措施:(i)关闭一条或多条车道(ii)缩小一条或所有车道。前者会导致延误和排放增加,后者则会带来安全风险。本研究使用基于 VISSIM 的交通微观模拟来比较这两种策略对交通效率和安全的影响,同时考虑到 CAV 的不同市场渗透率(MPR)。该模型利用从英国 M1 高速公路收集的数据进行了校准和验证。结果表明,在 CAV MPR 为 0% 和 100% 的情况下,每辆车每公里行驶的平均延误时间分别从 102.7 秒降至 2.5 秒(关闭车道)和 23.6 秒降至 0.6 秒(窄车道)。此外,在 100% CAV MPR 的情况下,窄车道的安全性能提高了 4.8 倍,而关闭车道的安全性能提高了 1.5 倍;这表明窄车道将带来更好的安全性能。这些研究结果有助于交通管理部门设计临时交通管理措施,使 CAV 在通过道路工程时具有更好的性能。
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引用次数: 0
Guest Editorial: Electro-mobility for urban traffic and transportation 特邀社论:城市交通和运输电动化
IF 2.7 4区 工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Pub Date : 2024-03-07 DOI: 10.1049/itr2.12499
Dalin Zhang, Sabah Mohammed, Alessandro Calvi
<p>Electro-Mobility (e-Mobility) represents the concept of utilizing electric power-train techniques, in-vehicle information, communication techniques and related equipment to enable wise electric propulsion of vehicles and fleets. It has been recognized as not only a major innovative field of innovation in the coming decades but also a dominant technology for urban mobility in the future. Motivated by the need to improve fuel efficiency, meet emission requirements and satisfy market demands for lower operational costs, a large number of concrete plans for e-Mobility have been conducted and great efforts have been made in many countries.</p><p>However, the broad adoption of electric vehicles (including car and bus) by the public is still a challenging task today, due to high prices of the batteries and their long charging duration. More importantly, the seamless incorporation of e-Mobility into urban transport systems at this time still needs a series of advanced measures to ensure secure and safe operations of vehicles, rational developments of relevant standards, wise planning of urban infrastructure etc. Furthermore, it is also necessary to further analyze the potential effects of e-Mobility on individual daily mobility behavior, automotive supply chain and the long-term environmental protection of this technology accurately in quantification details. This covers a broad interdisciplinary area of research and development towards the success of the next generation of mobility solutions. The current Special Issue is focused on research ideas, articles and experimental studies related to “Electro-Mobility for Urban Traffic and Transportation” for Modeling, simulation, analyzing and forecasting for e-Mobility, and the various aspects of Electro-Mobility in related applications.</p><p>In this Special Issue, 13 papers were submitted with five papers accepted; overall the submissions were of high quality, which marks the success of this Special Issue.</p><p>The five papers that were finally accepted can be divided into four categories, namely, social investigation, battery power, on-board information and scheduling control. The first kind of paper conducts a social survey. Based on the analysis of the survey results, it understands the public's willingness to use electric vehicles and provides some constructive suggestions. This category includes Bosehans et al. The second type of paper provides a direct solution for the stability of energy power of electric vehicles by proposing a new model of battery detection and dispatching. This paper is by Zhang et al. The third kind of paper establishes a new model for the problem of vehicular information transmission and provides users with a scheme of active decision-making. This category includes a paper by Kyung et al. The fourth type of paper provides solutions for optimizing the allocation of EV related resources (parking lots, charging stations, roads etc.) by proposing a new scheduling control model. T
1 导言电动交通(e-Mobility)的概念是利用电力传动技术、车载信息、通信技术和相关设备,实现车辆和车队的智能电动推进。它不仅被认为是未来几十年的主要创新领域,也是未来城市交通的主导技术。在提高燃油效率、满足排放要求和降低运营成本的市场需求的推动下,许多国家已经开展了大量电动交通的具体计划,并做出了巨大努力。然而,由于电池价格昂贵、充电时间长,公众广泛采用电动汽车(包括轿车和公交车)仍然是一项具有挑战性的任务。更重要的是,目前要将电动交通无缝融入城市交通系统,还需要采取一系列先进措施,以确保车辆的安全运行、相关标准的合理制定、城市基础设施的合理规划等。此外,还有必要进一步分析电动交通对个人日常交通行为、汽车供应链以及该技术对长期环境保护的潜在影响,并对其细节进行精确量化。这涵盖了一个广泛的跨学科研究和开发领域,有助于下一代移动解决方案取得成功。本期特刊主要关注与 "城市交通和运输中的电动交通 "相关的研究观点、文章和实验研究,包括电动交通的建模、模拟、分析和预测,以及电动交通在相关应用中的各个方面。
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引用次数: 0
A survey on computational intelligence approaches for intelligent marine terminal operations 智能海洋码头操作的计算智能方法概览
IF 2.7 4区 工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Pub Date : 2024-03-05 DOI: 10.1049/itr2.12469
Sheraz Aslam, Michalis P. Michaelides, Herodotos Herodotou

Marine container terminals (MCTs) play a crucial role in intelligent maritime transportation (IMT) systems. Since the number of containers handled by MCTs has been increasing over the years, there is a need for developing effective and efficient approaches to enhance the productivity of IMT systems. The berth allocation problem (BAP) and the quay crane allocation problem (QCAP) are two well-known optimization problems in seaside operations of MCTs. The primary aim is to minimize the vessel service cost and maximize the performance of MCTs by optimally allocating berths and quay cranes to arriving vessels subject to practical constraints. This study presents an in-depth review of computational intelligence (CI) approaches developed to enhance the performance of MCTs. First, an introduction to MCTs and their key operations is presented, primarily focusing on seaside operations. A detailed overview of recent CI methods and solutions developed for the BAP is presented, considering various berthing layouts. Subsequently, a review of solutions related to the QCAP is presented. The datasets used in the current literature are also discussed, enabling future researchers to identify appropriate datasets to use in their work. Eventually, a detailed discussion is presented to highlight key opportunities along with foreseeable future challenges in the area.

海运集装箱码头(MCT)在智能海运(IMT)系统中发挥着至关重要的作用。由于 MCT 处理的集装箱数量逐年增加,因此需要开发有效和高效的方法来提高 IMT 系统的生产率。泊位分配问题(BAP)和码头起重机分配问题(QCAP)是多式联运中心海边作业中两个著名的优化问题。其主要目的是在实际约束条件下,通过为到达的船舶优化分配泊位和码头起重机,最大限度地降低船舶服务成本,并最大限度地提高多式联运中心的性能。本研究深入评述了为提高多式联运中心性能而开发的计算智能(CI)方法。首先,介绍了多式联运中心及其关键操作,主要侧重于海边操作。考虑到各种停泊布局,详细介绍了最近为 BAP 开发的 CI 方法和解决方案。随后,介绍了与 QCAP 相关的解决方案。此外,还讨论了当前文献中使用的数据集,以便未来的研究人员在工作中找到合适的数据集。最后,还进行了详细讨论,以强调该领域的主要机遇和可预见的未来挑战。
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引用次数: 0
V2X assisted co-design of motion planning and control for connected automated vehicle V2X 辅助自动驾驶汽车运动规划和控制的协同设计
IF 2.7 4区 工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Pub Date : 2024-03-05 DOI: 10.1049/itr2.12501
Jiahang Li, Cailian Chen, Bo Yang
The rapid development of vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication technologies significantly promotes the revolution of intelligent transportation systems. V2X communication is expected to play a critical role in enhancing the safety and efficiency of connected and automated vehicles (CAVs), especially for mixed traffic scenarios. Additionally, the computational and storage capabilities of roadside units (RSUs) will be harnessed to effectively enhance the motion planning and control performance of CAVs within the constraints of limited on-board computational resources. Thus, a V2X assisted co-design of motion planning and control algorithm for CAVs to improve their situational awareness and computational efficiency is proposed. Under this architecture, a pre-planning algorithm is proposed first to utilize the computational and storage capabilities of RSUs and generate feasible trajectories for different driving tasks. By analysing the relationship between driving risk index and motion planning performance, an online-planning algorithm is derived to modify the pre-planned trajectories in real-time with static or dynamic obstacles. Furthermore, the lateral and longitudinal control of the vehicle using the Frenet coordinate system is decoupled. The lateral control employs an offline linear quadratic regulator (LQR) from RSUs to control the steering angle of the vehicle. The longitudinal control employs a dual-loop PID to control the throttle opening of the vehicle. The performance of the proposed framework is evaluated and demonstrated by a Carsim-Prescan simulation study in different mixed traffic scenarios. Compared with conventional methods, the proposed method improves the computational efficiency by 23% and reduces the collision rate by 13%.
车对物(V2X)通信技术的快速发展极大地推动了智能交通系统的变革。V2X 通信有望在提高互联和自动驾驶车辆 (CAV) 的安全性和效率方面发挥关键作用,尤其是在混合交通场景中。此外,在有限的车载计算资源的限制下,路旁装置(RSU)的计算和存储能力将被充分利用,以有效提高 CAV 的运动规划和控制性能。因此,我们提出了一种 V2X 辅助 CAV 运动规划和控制算法的协同设计,以提高其态势感知能力和计算效率。在此架构下,首先提出了一种预规划算法,以利用 RSU 的计算和存储能力,为不同的驾驶任务生成可行的轨迹。通过分析驾驶风险指数与运动规划性能之间的关系,得出了一种在线规划算法,可在遇到静态或动态障碍时实时修改预规划轨迹。此外,使用 Frenet 坐标系对车辆的横向和纵向控制进行了解耦。横向控制采用 RSU 的离线线性二次调节器(LQR)来控制车辆的转向角。纵向控制采用双环 PID 控制车辆的油门开度。通过 Carsim-Prescan 仿真研究,在不同的混合交通场景下评估并演示了所提议框架的性能。与传统方法相比,拟议方法的计算效率提高了 23%,碰撞率降低了 13%。
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引用次数: 0
Multi-agent trajectory prediction with adaptive perception-guided transformers 利用自适应感知引导变压器进行多代理轨迹预测
IF 2.3 4区 工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Pub Date : 2024-03-03 DOI: 10.1049/itr2.12502
Ngan Linh Nguyen, Myungsik Yoo

The ability to predict the trajectory of an autonomous vehicle accurately is crucial for safe and efficient navigation. However, predicting diverse and multimodal futures can be challenging. Recent approaches such as attention and graph neural networks have achieved state-of-the-art performance by considering agent interactions and map contexts. This study focused on multi-agent prediction using an agent-centric approach with transformers. This enables parallel computation and a comprehensive understanding of the environment. Two main features are introduced: an adaptive receptive field (ARF) that captures the relevant surroundings for each agent, and perception encoding, which serves as spatial context embeddings. The ARF adapts to the agent's velocity and rotation, focusing attention ahead at high speeds or to the sides when it is slower. Perception encoding divides agents or lanes into levels and encodes the information of each level. This approach enables the efficient encoding of complex spatial relationships. The proposed method combines these advances with transformer modelling for multi-agent trajectory prediction while ensuring real-time prediction capabilities. The approach is evaluated on the Argoverse benchmark and better performance than the state-of-the-art baseline is achieved. By addressing challenges such as multimodal outputs and robustness, the study enhances the safety and efficiency of autonomous driving systems by more accurately predicting trajectories.

准确预测自动驾驶汽车轨迹的能力对于安全高效的导航至关重要。然而,预测多样化和多模态的未来可能具有挑战性。最近的方法(如注意力和图神经网络)通过考虑代理互动和地图上下文实现了最先进的性能。本研究采用以代理为中心、带有变压器的方法,重点研究多代理预测。这实现了并行计算和对环境的全面了解。研究引入了两个主要特征:自适应感受野(ARF)和感知编码,前者可捕捉每个代理的相关环境,后者可作为空间上下文嵌入。自适应感受野可适应机器人的速度和旋转,在速度较高时将注意力集中在前方,速度较低时则集中在两侧。感知编码将代理或车道划分为不同层次,并对每个层次的信息进行编码。这种方法能对复杂的空间关系进行有效编码。所提出的方法将这些先进技术与变压器建模相结合,用于多代理轨迹预测,同时确保实时预测能力。在 Argoverse 基准上对该方法进行了评估,结果表明其性能优于最先进的基准。通过应对多模态输出和鲁棒性等挑战,该研究通过更准确地预测轨迹,提高了自动驾驶系统的安全性和效率。
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引用次数: 0
Guest Editorial: Modelling, operation and management of traffic mixed with connected and automated vehicles 特邀社论:联网和自动驾驶车辆混合交通的建模、运营和管理
IF 2.7 4区 工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Pub Date : 2024-02-27 DOI: 10.1049/itr2.12496
Fang Zong, Renxin Zhong, Wei Ma, Dujuan Yang, Ziyuan Pu, Ngoduy Dong, Zhengbing He
<p>Connected and automated vehicle (CAV) technology has undergone significant development in the last decades. The traffic mixed with vehicles of various automation and communication levels will become the main body of the future transportation system, which makes the traditional theories of transportation research face great challenges. Such ongoing and forthcoming challenges make traffic mixed with CAVs a priority for research with interests across the spectrum of governmental agencies and industries.</p><p>Although a number of studies have been dedicated to the driving behaviours of vehicles with different intelligence and networking technologies, the following questions regarding mixed traffic are still open: (1) How do various types of vehicles operate in the heterogeneous traffic flow? (2) How do they interact with each other? (3) What is the evolution mechanism of the mixed traffic? (4) How to improve the efficiency of mixed traffic by optimizing vehicle trajectory and providing reasonable coordinated traffic control methods? The current special issue is focused on research ideas, articles and experimental studies related to modelling, operation and management of traffic mixed with CAVs, regular vehicles (RVs), automated vehicles (AVs) and connected vehicles (CVs).</p><p>In this special issue, we have received eight papers, all of which underwent peer review. Mixed traffic is investigated from three perspectives, namely, driving behaviours modelling, driving behaviours optimization, and traffic flow modelling. The papers laying in the first category exhibit novelties in driving behaviours analysis and simulation. The papers in this category are by Jami et al. and Yao et al. The second category of papers offers solutions to driving behaviour optimization by means of coordinate induction and traffic control. These papers are by Wang et al. and Huang et al. The last category proposes new methods concerning traffic state identification and traffic flow prediction. These papers are by Qi et al., Yang et al., Qi et al. and Guo et al. A brief presentation of each of the papers in this special issue follows.</p><p>Jami et al. present a simulation platform for a hybrid transportation system that includes both human-driven and automated vehicles. They decompose the human driving task and offer a modular approach to simulate a large-scale traffic scenario, allowing for a thorough investigation of automated and active safety systems. A large driving dataset is analysed to extract expressive parameters that would best describe different driving characteristics. Then a similarly dense traffic scenario within the simulator is recreated, and a thorough analysis of various human-specific and system-specific factors is conducted by examining their effects on traffic network performance and safety.</p><p>Yao et al. propose a fully sampled trajectory reconstruction method for traffic mixed with RVs, CVs and CAVs. Considering the minimum safety distance constr
1 引言互联与自动驾驶汽车(CAV)技术在过去几十年中得到了长足的发展。混合了各种自动化和通信水平车辆的交通将成为未来交通系统的主体,这使得传统的交通研究理论面临巨大挑战。尽管已经有许多研究致力于不同智能和网络技术车辆的驾驶行为,但有关混合交通的以下问题仍有待解决:(1)各种类型的车辆如何在异构交通流中运行?(2) 它们之间如何互动?(3) 混合交通的演化机制是什么? (4) 如何通过优化车辆轨迹和提供合理的协调交通控制方法来提高混合交通的效率?本期特刊主要关注与 CAV、普通车辆(RV)、自动驾驶车辆(AV)和互联车辆(CV)混合交通的建模、运营和管理相关的研究观点、文章和实验研究。
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引用次数: 0
CrackTinyNet: A novel deep learning model specifically designed for superior performance in tiny road surface crack detection CrackTinyNet:专为微小路面裂缝检测的卓越性能而设计的新型深度学习模型
IF 2.7 4区 工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC Pub Date : 2024-02-27 DOI: 10.1049/itr2.12497
Haitao Li, Tao Peng, Ningguo Qiao, Zhiwei Guan, Xinyun Feng, Peng Guo, Tingting Duan, Jinfeng Gong
With the rapid advancement of highway construction, the maintenance of highway infrastructure has become particularly vital. During highway maintenance, the effective detection of tiny road surface cracks helps to extend the lifespan of roads and enhance traffic efficiency and safety. To elevate the performance of existing road detection models, the CrackTinyNet (CrTNet) algorithm is specifically proposed for detecting tiny road surface cracks. This algorithm utilizes the novel BiFormer general visual transformer, designed expressly for tiny objects, and optimizes the loss function to a normalized Wasserstein distance loss function. It replaces traditional downsampling with Space-to-Depth Conv to prevent the excessive loss of tiny object information in the network structure. To highlight the model's advantage in detecting tiny road cracks, ablation experiments and comparison trials were conducted with mainstream deep learning models for crack detection. The results of the ablation experiments show that, compared to the baseline, CrTNet improved the Mean Average Precision (MAP) by 0.22. When compared to other network models suitable for road detection, these results exhibited an improvement of over 8.9%. In conclusion, the CrTNet proposed in this study enables a more accurate detection of tiny road cracks, playing a significant role in the advancement of intelligent traffic management.
随着公路建设的快速发展,公路基础设施的维护变得尤为重要。在公路养护过程中,有效检测路面微小裂缝有助于延长公路的使用寿命,提高交通效率和安全性。为了提高现有道路检测模型的性能,我们特别提出了用于检测微小路面裂缝的 CrackTinyNet(CrTNet)算法。该算法利用专为微小物体设计的新型 BiFormer 通用视觉变换器,并将损失函数优化为归一化 Wasserstein 距离损失函数。它用空间-深度 Conv 取代了传统的下采样,以防止网络结构中微小物体信息的过度丢失。为了突出该模型在检测微小路面裂缝方面的优势,我们进行了烧蚀实验,并与主流的裂缝检测深度学习模型进行了对比试验。消融实验结果表明,与基线相比,CrTNet 的平均精度(MAP)提高了 0.22。与其他适用于道路检测的网络模型相比,这些结果提高了 8.9% 以上。总之,本研究提出的 CrTNet 能够更准确地检测微小的道路裂缝,在推进智能交通管理方面发挥了重要作用。
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引用次数: 0
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IET Intelligent Transport Systems
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