Aeu-International Journal of Electronics and Communications最新文献_第7页

Transmission-gate based Phase Frequency Detector and 0.33% current mismatch MOS charge pump for reference spur reduction in 2.5 GHz PLL 基于传输门的相位频率检测器和0.33%电流失配的MOS电荷泵用于2.5 GHz锁相环的参考杂散抑制

IF 3.2 3区计算机科学 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Aeu-International Journal of Electronics and Communications

Pub Date : 2025-11-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeue.2025.156156

Sriparna Sarma, Tshering Sangmoo Sherpa, Sanjay Kumar Jana

This paper proposes high-performance, low-power Phase-Locked Loop (PLL) architecture designed using transmission-gate-based Phase Frequency Detector (PFD) and 12-transistor-based MOS Charge Pump (CP) implemented using the SCL 180 nm CMOS process and simulated in Cadence Virtuoso environment. The proposed PFD eliminate blind zones and reduces dead zone to 4 ps through direct reset mechanism, operating over 1–6.5 GHz frequency range using only eight transistors, resulting in a low power consumption of 171.2

μ

W and phase noise of –156.4 dBc/Hz at 1 MHz offset. The proposed CP achieves minimal current mismatch of 0.33 % while consuming 181.8

μ

W. The proposed PFD-CP is integrated with a conventional loop filter, voltage-controlled oscillator and frequency divider to design a 2.5 GHz PLL, which achieves lock time below 20 ns and spur-to-floor delta of 72.07 dB. The compact core area of 0.0014 mm

^{2}

and power consumption of 338.8

μ

W are achieved. It demonstrates that approximately 80%–85% smaller area and 75%–90% lower power consumption compared to recent state-of-the-art, along with 10 dB improvement in spur suppression and two-times faster locking response, highlighting its efficiency and scalability for high-speed, low-spur, low-jitter Serializer–Deserializer (SERDES) and clock recovery systems. The Monte Carlo simulation and Process, Voltage, Temperature (PVT) analyses confirm robust performance of the design.

本文提出了基于传输门的相频检测器（PFD）和基于12晶体管的MOS电荷泵（CP）的高性能、低功耗锁相环（PLL）架构，采用SCL 180 nm CMOS工艺实现，并在Cadence Virtuoso环境中进行了仿真。该PFD通过直接复位机制消除盲区，并将死区降低至4ps，工作频率在1 - 6.5 GHz范围内，仅使用8个晶体管，功耗低至171.2 μ W，相位噪声为-156.4 dBc/Hz。该电路在功耗181.8 μ w的情况下实现了0.33%的最小电流失配。该电路集成了传统环路滤波器、压控振荡器和分频器，设计了一个2.5 GHz锁相环，锁相锁时间低于20 ns，杂散-底差为72.07 dB。实现了紧凑的核心面积为0.0014 mm2，功耗为338.8 μ W。与最新技术相比，它的面积缩小了约80%-85%，功耗降低了75%-90%，同时杂散抑制性能提高了10 dB，锁定响应速度提高了两倍，突出了其在高速、低杂散、低抖动串行反序列化器（SERDES）和时钟恢复系统中的效率和可扩展性。蒙特卡罗仿真和过程、电压、温度（PVT）分析证实了该设计的鲁棒性。

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引用次数: 0

Design of a dual-band co-polarized in-band full-duplex antenna with broadside radiation 一种带宽侧辐射的双频共极化带内全双工天线的设计

IF 3.2 3区计算机科学 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Aeu-International Journal of Electronics and Communications

Pub Date : 2025-11-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeue.2025.156160

Sandeep Rana , Amit Kumar , Gunjan Srivastava , Akhilesh Mohan

This paper presents a co-linearly polarized shared radiator-based dual-band in-band full duplex antenna. The proposed design integrates the transmitter (Tx) and receiver (Rx) ports into a single microstrip patch antenna (MPA) incorporating shorting vias along its central plane to enable half-mode propagation. The TM_1/2,0 and TM_1/2,1 modes are exploited to realize dual-band operation with broadside radiation in both bands. The capacitive coupling, assisted by auxiliary feeding strips, provides a wide impedance bandwidth. Additionally, to increase the impedance bandwidth of the higher operating band, a half-wavelength slot is etched out from the MPA. Finally, to enhance the inter-port isolation, two judiciously designed square-shaped stubs are attached to the MPA. Furthermore, a prototype is fabricated to validate the proposed concept. The measured results indicate that the proposed design exhibits fractional impedance bandwidths (|S₁₁|, |S₂₂| ≤ −10 dB) of 5 % (2.54–2.67 GHz) and 9.3 % (3.88–4.26 GHz), with inter-port isolations exceeding 23 dB and 17 dB in the lower and higher operating bands, respectively. Due to its significant features in terms of impedance bandwidth and inter-port isolation, the proposed design can be employed for applications in the 5G n41 and n77 bands.

提出了一种基于共线极化共用辐射器的双频带内全双工天线。提出的设计将发射器（Tx）和接收器（Rx）端口集成到单个微带贴片天线（MPA）中，并在其中心平面上采用短通孔，以实现半模式传播。利用TM1/2,0和TM1/2,1模式实现双频工作，两波段均有宽侧辐射。在辅助馈电带的辅助下，电容耦合提供了宽的阻抗带宽。此外，为了增加较高工作频带的阻抗带宽，在MPA上刻蚀出半波长槽。最后，为了增强端口间的隔离，MPA上附加了两个精心设计的方形存根。此外，还制作了一个原型来验证所提出的概念。测量结果表明，所提出的设计具有5% （2.54 ~ 2.67 GHz）和9.3% （3.88 ~ 4.26 GHz）的分数阻抗带宽（|S11|、|S22|≤- 10 dB），在低频段和高频段的端口间隔离度分别超过23 dB和17 dB。由于其在阻抗带宽和端口间隔离方面的显著特性，所提出的设计可用于5G n41和n77频段的应用。

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引用次数: 0

A parallel Class-E power amplifier with doubly-tuned transformer-based load network and high-efficiency cascode in 110-nm CMOS 基于双调谐变压器负载网络和110纳米CMOS高效级联码的并联e类功率放大器

IF 3.2 3区计算机科学 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Aeu-International Journal of Electronics and Communications

Pub Date : 2025-11-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeue.2025.156117

Kai Yue, Zemeng Huang, Yubing Li, Yujia Chen, Tao Tan, Tao He, Yu Wang, Peng Ke, Xiuping Li

This article presents a doubly tuned (DT) transformer-based parallel Class-E power amplifier (PA). A compact parallel Class-E load network consisting of only one DT transformer and a pair of capacitors is proposed to enhance output power and efficiency. Compared with the traditional DT transformer-based series Class-E load, the proposed DT transformer-based parallel Class-E load can further mitigate the constraints placed on device size and reduce the impedance transformation ratio of the load. Besides, a cascode structure with neutralization and charging acceleration capacitor (

C_{X}

) is used as active core to enhance gain and efficiency. The gain and stability of the active core are quantitatively analyzed based on the transistor small-signal model, and it can be concluded that the gain of the active core exhibits an increasing trend with the growth of

C_{X}

while ensuring stability. As a proof of the design, a 12 GHz Class-E PA is fabricated using 110-nm CMOS process. The measurement results show that the proposed PA realizes a peak power-added-efficiency (PAE) of 30.9%, a maximum saturated output power (P

_{sat}

) of 18.2 dBm and a peak gain of 19.0 dB. The core area of the circuit is only 990

μ

m

\times 260 μ

m.

本文提出了一种基于双调谐（DT）变压器的并联e类功率放大器。为了提高输出功率和效率，提出了一种由一个DT变压器和一对电容器组成的紧凑并联e类负载网络。与传统的基于DT变压器的串联e类负载相比，本文提出的基于DT变压器的并联e类负载可以进一步减轻对器件尺寸的限制，降低负载的阻抗变化率。此外，采用具有中和和充电加速电容（CX）的级联结构作为有源磁芯，提高了增益和效率。基于晶体管小信号模型对有源铁芯的增益和稳定性进行了定量分析，得出有源铁芯的增益在保证稳定性的前提下，随着CX的增长呈增加趋势。为了验证该设计，采用110纳米CMOS工艺制造了一个12 GHz的e级PA。测量结果表明，该放大器的峰值功率增加效率（PAE）为30.9%，最大饱和输出功率（Psat）为18.2 dBm，峰值增益为19.0 dB。电路的核心面积仅为990 μm ×260μm。

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引用次数: 0

A low loss tri-band negative group delay circuit with resistors 带电阻的低损耗三带负群延迟电路

IF 3.2 3区计算机科学 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Aeu-International Journal of Electronics and Communications

Pub Date : 2025-11-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeue.2025.156144

Yuwei Meng, Zhenping Lan

A low loss tri-band negative group delay circuit (NGDC) with resistors is proposed. The proposed NGDC consists of two open-circuited coupled lines connected with two parallel branches and a matching network. The working frequencies can be designed through changing the characteristic impedance of the transmission lines. And the negative group delay (NGD) time is tuned by adjusting the values of the resistors in the parallel branches. To verify the design concept, a tri-band NGDC is simulated, fabricated and measured. The NGD times are –0.80 ns, –1.04 ns, and –0.97 ns at three NGD central frequencies with insertion losses of 11.7 dB, 13.7 dB, and 11.2 dB, respectively. Meanwhile, the input/output return loss is better than 15.8 dB in the three NGD bands along with the variation of insertion loss is less than 2 dB.

提出了一种带电阻的低损耗三带负群延迟电路（NGDC）。所提出的NGDC由两条开路耦合线路和两条平行支路相连的匹配网络组成。通过改变传输线的特性阻抗来设计工作频率。并通过调整并联支路电阻的值来调节负群延时（NGD）。为了验证设计理念，对三波段NGDC进行了仿真、制作和测量。在三个NGD中心频率下，NGD时间分别为-0.80、-1.04和-0.97 ns，插入损失分别为11.7 dB、13.7 dB和11.2 dB。同时，三个NGD频段的输入/输出回波损耗均优于15.8 dB，插入损耗变化小于2 dB。

引用次数: 0

A Ku-band mechanically tunable bandstop filter in groove gap waveguide 槽隙波导中ku波段机械可调谐带阻滤波器

IF 3.2 3区计算机科学 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Aeu-International Journal of Electronics and Communications

Pub Date : 2025-11-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeue.2025.156153

Ali Sabbaghi Saber, Rasoul Moslemi, Davood Zarifi

In this paper, the design methodology, fabrication process, and experimental verification of a mechanically reconfigurable bandstop filter in groove gap waveguide is proposed. While conventional printed and hollow waveguide and gap waveguide-based filters offer distinct advantages, they lack mechanical tunability and often face limitations for some applications. Gap waveguide technology offers a promising alternative by enabling contactless electromagnetic wave propagation and facilitating mechanical reconfiguration. The proposed filter leverages this capability, introducing a movable metallic component that allows dynamic tuning of the center frequency across an 8 mm displacement range. Experimental results demonstrate effective frequency adjustment from 12.1 GHz to 14 GHz, confirming the feasibility of this approach for compact, high-performance, and reconfigurable microwave systems.

本文提出了一种沟槽波导中机械可重构带阻滤波器的设计方法、制作工艺和实验验证。虽然传统的印刷和空心波导以及基于间隙波导的滤波器具有明显的优势，但它们缺乏机械可调性，并且在某些应用中经常面临限制。间隙波导技术通过实现非接触式电磁波传播和促进机械重构，提供了一种有前途的替代方案。所提出的滤波器利用了这种能力，引入了一个可移动的金属组件，允许在8毫米的位移范围内动态调整中心频率。实验结果表明，在12.1 GHz到14 GHz的频率范围内进行了有效的频率调节，证实了该方法在小型化、高性能和可重构微波系统中的可行性。

引用次数: 0

Fuzzy knowledge-based ant colony optimization for sequential RFID network design in hospitals using heterogeneous readers and antennas 基于模糊知识的蚁群优化医院异构读取器和天线的顺序RFID网络设计

IF 3.2 3区计算机科学 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Aeu-International Journal of Electronics and Communications

Pub Date : 2025-11-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeue.2025.156152

Samir Ait Lhadj Lamin , Ibrahim Elbatal , Mahmoud M. Abdelwahab , Kamal M. Othman , Mohamad Khairi Ishak , Mohammad Shokouhifar , Ali Wagdy Mohamed

Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) plays a vital role in hospital asset tracking, yet most existing RFID Network Planning (RNP) models assume identical antennas and single-antenna readers, leading to higher costs and limited flexibility. To address these challenges, this study proposes a Cost-Efficient Fuzzy-Driven Ant Colony Optimization (CEFD-ACO) framework for optimizing RNP in hospital environments. The framework introduces heterogeneous directional multi-antenna readers, where each reader can host multiple antennas with varying costs, beamwidths, and read ranges. This design allows for more efficient coverage and reduced interference. A fuzzy inference system is integrated into the metaheuristic-driven optimization process to guide intelligent decisions in reader placement and antenna selection. Simulation results from two hospital case studies show that CEFD-ACO improves coverage by 7.8%, reduces interference by 84.5%, and lowers deployment cost by 28.4% compared with existing approaches. These results demonstrate the framework’s potential to enhance cost-effectiveness and reliability in real-world RFID-based hospital asset tracking.

射频识别（RFID）在医院资产跟踪中起着至关重要的作用，但大多数现有的RFID网络规划（RNP）模型都采用相同的天线和单天线读取器，导致成本较高且灵活性有限。为了解决这些挑战，本研究提出了一种成本效益模糊驱动蚁群优化（CEFD-ACO）框架，用于优化医院环境中的RNP。该框架引入了异构方向多天线读取器，其中每个读取器可以承载多个具有不同成本，波束宽度和读取范围的天线。这种设计允许更有效的覆盖和减少干扰。将模糊推理系统集成到元启发式优化过程中，指导阅读器放置和天线选择的智能决策。两个医院案例的仿真结果表明，与现有方法相比，CEFD-ACO的覆盖率提高了7.8%，干扰减少了84.5%，部署成本降低了28.4%。这些结果表明，该框架在现实世界中基于rfid的医院资产跟踪中具有提高成本效益和可靠性的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Spiking neural network with 1T-1R RRAM synapses and CMOS LIF neurons for in-situ learning and pattern recognition 基于1T-1R RRAM突触和CMOS LIF神经元的脉冲神经网络用于原位学习和模式识别

IF 3.2 3区计算机科学 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Aeu-International Journal of Electronics and Communications

Pub Date : 2025-11-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeue.2025.156145

Nivetha T. , Bindu B. , Noor Ain Kamsani

The neuromorphic computation has gained attention over traditional computing techniques due to its low power consumption, real-time processing and adaptability. The spiking neural networks (SNN) are event-based which process information as spikes to provide high energy efficiency and fast computation. In this article, a novel SNN with CMOS neuron and resistive random access memory (RRAM) synapses is implemented for pattern recognition. The RRAM synapses exhibit synaptic plasticity suitable for in-memory computations. A computationally efficient CMOS based leaky integrate and fire (LIF) neuron model is implemented to handle the data-driven applications effectively. The SNN contains the forward and feedback mode operation. In the forward mode, the input pre-spikes with ON-bit and OFF-bit frequencies corresponding to the binary pixel intensities of the image are applied to the RRAM synaptic array. The CMOS LIF neuron integrate these spikes from synapses and produce the post-spikes. In the feedback mode, these post-spikes are given to the sense line and the synaptic weights get modified using spike time-dependent plasticity (STDP) learning mechanism. The proposed SNN circuit is used for training and recognizing the alphabets/digits in

500 μ s

using 25 1T-1R RRAM synapses and a single output CMOS LIF neuron.

神经形态计算以其低功耗、实时性和适应性等优点，逐渐受到传统计算技术的关注。尖峰神经网络（SNN）是一种基于事件的神经网络，它以尖峰的形式处理信息，具有高能效和快速计算的特点。本文提出了一种具有CMOS神经元和电阻随机存取存储器（RRAM）突触的新型SNN，用于模式识别。RRAM突触表现出适合内存计算的突触可塑性。为了有效地处理数据驱动的应用，实现了一种计算效率高的基于CMOS的泄漏集成与火灾（LIF）神经元模型。SNN包含正向和反馈模式操作。在正向模式下，与图像的二进制像素强度相对应的ON-bit和OFF-bit频率的输入预尖峰被应用于RRAM突触阵列。CMOS LIF神经元整合来自突触的这些尖峰并产生后尖峰。在反馈模式下，将这些后尖峰信号传递给感觉线，并利用尖峰时间依赖的可塑性（STDP）学习机制对突触权重进行修正。该电路采用25个1T-1R RRAM突触和1个单输出CMOS LIF神经元，用于500μs范围内的字母/数字的训练和识别。

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引用次数: 0

Anti-Interference wireless communication using backscatter and deep learning: modeling, detection, and evaluation 使用反向散射和深度学习的抗干扰无线通信：建模，检测和评估

IF 3.2 3区计算机科学 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Aeu-International Journal of Electronics and Communications

Pub Date : 2025-11-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeue.2025.156138

Hossein Eshaghi, Hamid Reza Khodadadi, Hamed Ahmadian Yazdi

Wireless communications, aimed at facilitating the transmission and reception of information, play an essential role in many fields. However, due to the broadcasting nature of such communications, current wireless networks are highly vulnerable to interference signals. In contrast to state-of-the-art techniques, we employ a hybrid ambient backscatter communication and CNN-LSTM based detector to handle interference effectively. Unlike the usual methods that consider interference signal as destructive interference, the proposed method uses the signal interference opportunistically as the carrier for data transmission. Conventional backscatter communication passively reflects ambient RF signals, whereas the proposed transceiver actively re-modulates the interference signal by applying varying amplification factors through a programmable gain amplifier (PGA). However, the requirement for accurate channel state information (CSI) and prior knowledge of the interference signal distribution can lead to elevated bit error rates (BER) in anti-interference systems, especially under dynamic or unpredictable channel conditions. Therefore, a deep learning network was employed, in which the CNN layers extract features from the relationships between adjacent measured values, and the LSTM network learns long-term dependencies within the input data. The proposed detector can dynamically adapt to any channel and noise distribution. We analyze the effects of various parameters on the performance of the anti-interference system, such as the interfering power, the Relative Channel Difference (RCD), and the number of antennas. The simulation results show that higher interfering power can achieve better BER at the receiver.

无线通信以方便信息的发送和接收为目的，在许多领域发挥着重要作用。然而，由于这种通信的广播性质，目前的无线网络极易受到干扰信号的影响。与最先进的技术相比，我们采用混合环境反向散射通信和基于CNN-LSTM的检测器来有效地处理干扰。与通常将干扰信号视为相消干扰的方法不同，本文提出的方法利用信号干扰作为数据传输的载体。传统的反向散射通信被动地反射环境射频信号，而所提出的收发器通过可编程增益放大器（PGA）应用不同的放大因子来主动重调制干扰信号。然而，对准确的信道状态信息（CSI）和对干扰信号分布的先验知识的要求会导致抗干扰系统中的误码率（BER）升高，特别是在动态或不可预测的信道条件下。因此，采用深度学习网络，其中CNN层从相邻测量值之间的关系中提取特征，LSTM网络学习输入数据内的长期依赖关系。该检测器可以动态适应任何信道和噪声分布。分析了干扰功率、相对信道差（RCD）、天线数等参数对系统抗干扰性能的影响。仿真结果表明，较高的干扰功率可以获得较好的接收端误码率。

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引用次数: 0

Design of a flexible compact insensitive wearable antenna for enhanced performance stability 为提高性能稳定性，设计了一种灵活紧凑的不敏感可穿戴天线

IF 3.2 3区计算机科学 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Aeu-International Journal of Electronics and Communications

Pub Date : 2025-11-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeue.2025.156143

Yarram Uma Maheswari, Bappadittya Roy

This work introduces a portable conformal antenna developed for advanced body-centric wireless systems operating in the 2.45 GHz ISM band (Industrial, Scientific, and Medical) with extended resonances near 10.5 and 12.5 GHz. The antenna integrates a

π

-shaped slot within a diamond-shaped patch antenna (DPA) and uses a Defected Ground Structure (DGS) to improve BW (Band Width) and radiation characteristics. Fabricated on a flexible felt substrate, the design achieves a low-profile volume of 0.294

\times

0.294

\times

0.0163

λ^{3}

. A wide impedance bandwidth of 3.8 GHz (2–5.8 GHz) with VSWR

< 2

is achieved, supporting robust multi-band operation. Additional high-frequency resonances enable applications such as biomedical imaging and high-resolution sensing. This design achieves a gain of 5.2 dBi at 2.45 GHz and 8.4 dBi at 5.8 GHz, a radiation efficiency of 90%, and a simulated Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) of 0.0031 Watts per kilogram, according to IEEE safety standards. Due to its broadband performance, low SAR, and mechanical flexibility, the proposed antenna is a strong candidate for future triband wearable communication and sensing systems.

这项工作介绍了一种便携式共形天线，该天线专为运行在2.45 GHz ISM频段（工业、科学和医疗）的先进身体中心无线系统而开发，其扩展谐振范围接近10.5和12.5 GHz。该天线在菱形贴片天线（DPA）内集成了一个π形槽，并采用缺陷接地结构（DGS）来改善BW （Band Width）和辐射特性。在柔性毛毡基板上制作，设计实现了0.294 × 0.294 × 0.0163 λ3的低轮廓体积。实现了3.8 GHz （2 - 5.8 GHz）宽阻抗带宽和VSWR <；2，支持稳健的多频段操作。额外的高频共振使生物医学成像和高分辨率传感等应用成为可能。根据IEEE安全标准，本设计实现了2.45 GHz时增益5.2 dBi和5.8 GHz时增益8.4 dBi，辐射效率为90%，模拟比吸收率（SAR）为0.0031瓦特/千克。由于其宽带性能、低SAR和机械灵活性，该天线是未来三波段可穿戴通信和传感系统的有力候选。

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引用次数: 0

Wideband slot antenna with controllable absorptive sidebands based on multi-mode absorptive resonators 基于多模吸收谐振器的可控吸收边带宽带缝隙天线

IF 3.2 3区计算机科学 Q2 ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC

Aeu-International Journal of Electronics and Communications

Pub Date : 2025-11-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.aeue.2025.156142

Jiaqian Cui, Lei Zhu

In this article, absorptive filtering antennas (AFAs) are implemented for suppressing unwanted radiation and improving impedance matching outside the working band. To achieve that, a multi-mode absorptive resonator (MMAR) is presented to enhance the radiation bandwidth while providing out-of-band absorption. It is then used to constitute the AFA with high efficiency and controllable performance, including radiation bandwidth and absorptive sidebands, generating flexible radiation nulls and reflection zeros. Specifically, the MMARs are implemented with resistors properly loaded on the microstrip ring resonator to excite the slot antenna. While the open-circuited stubs are introduced to adjust the absorptive frequency by manipulating the higher resonant mode, another pin-loaded MMAR is presented to produce additional resonant modes near the passband, resulting in higher selectivity and a continuous impedance matching band. Simulation results reveal that its working bandwidth depends on the coupling feeding structure. Meanwhile, absorptive frequencies can be adjusted by using the stepped-impedance resonator. According to the absorption curves that vary with resistance values, the flexible performance of the AFA is verified by measurement. Measured and simulated results consistently reveal a high efficiency of about 90 % across a wide bandwidth of 33 %.

在本文中，吸收滤波天线（AFAs）用于抑制无用辐射和改善工作频带外的阻抗匹配。为了实现这一目标，提出了一种多模吸收谐振器（MMAR）来提高辐射带宽，同时提供带外吸收。然后用它来构成具有高效率和可控性能的AFA，包括辐射带宽和吸收边带，产生灵活的辐射零和反射零。具体来说，MMARs是通过在微带环形谐振器上适当加载电阻来激励槽天线来实现的。在引入开路存根通过操纵高谐振模式来调节吸收频率的同时，提出了另一种引脚加载MMAR，在通带附近产生额外的谐振模式，从而获得更高的选择性和连续的阻抗匹配带。仿真结果表明，其工作带宽与耦合馈电结构有关。同时，利用阶跃阻抗谐振器可以调节吸收频率。根据随电阻值变化的吸收曲线，通过测量验证了AFA的柔性性能。测量和模拟结果一致表明，在33%的带宽下，效率高达90%左右。

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引用次数: 0