Coastal Engineering最新文献_第8页

Impact of mooring configurations on wave attenuation of porous floating breakwater: A comparative experimental study 系泊方式对多孔浮式防波堤波浪衰减影响的对比实验研究

IF 4.5 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Coastal Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-08-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.coastaleng.2025.104823

Kaiqing Luo, Yiyong Dong, Jing Yuan

Floating breakwaters are increasingly used for coastal protection, especially in deep-water environments where traditional fixed breakwaters are impractical. The performance of porous floating breakwaters (PFBs) is highly dependent on their mooring systems, which has not been thoroughly investigated to date. This study presents a comparative experimental investigation of four mooring systems, i.e., fixed, pile-restrained, catenary, and taut, for PFBs, focusing on their wave transmission coefficients (

K_{t}

) and motion response (heave, surge and pitch). The PFB, constructed from cubically packed stainless-steel spheres, was subjected to periodic waves with varying steepness and ratio of width (

B

) to wave length (

L

). Fixed mooring, with no dynamic response, provided good wave attenuation, especially when fully submerged (

K_{t} \approx 0.5

for

B / L \geq 0.18

). Pile-restrained mooring, allowing vertical motion, performed comparably to emerged fixed mooring, with minimal impact from heave motion. Catenary mooring, characterized by high compliance, exhibited poor performance for long waves (

K_{t} > 0.8

for

B / L < 0.3

) due to large surge and heave motions. Taut mooring, with high stiffness due to pre-tensioned mooring chains, demonstrated superior attenuation when fully submerged, outperforming fixed mooring in some cases. However, its performance degraded when the PFB was not fully submerged and without the pre-tension. The study highlights the critical role of restricting translational motions (surge and heave) in enhancing wave dissipation. Submergence was also found to be a key factor, with fully submerged PFBs dissipating more energy. These findings provide valuable insights for optimizing mooring systems in practical applications.

浮动防波堤越来越多地用于海岸保护，特别是在深水环境中，传统的固定防波堤是不切实际的。多孔浮式防波堤（PFBs）的性能高度依赖于其系泊系统，迄今为止尚未对其进行深入研究。本研究对固定系泊、桩约束系泊、悬链线系泊和拉紧系泊四种系泊系统进行了对比实验研究，重点研究了它们的波传递系数（Kt）和运动响应（升沉、浪涌和俯仰）。PFB由立方体填充的不锈钢球体构成，经受不同陡峭度和宽度(B)与波长(L)之比的周期波。固定系泊无动力响应，对波浪的衰减效果较好，特别是在完全淹没时（当B/L≥0.18时，Kt≈0.5）。桩约束系泊，允许垂直运动，与出现的固定系泊相比，受升沉运动的影响最小。悬链网系泊具有高顺应性，但由于浪涌和升沉运动较大，在长波（B/L<；0.3时Kt>；0.8）下性能较差。绷紧系泊，由于锚链的预张拉而具有高刚度，在完全淹没时表现出更好的衰减，在某些情况下优于固定系泊。然而，当PFB未完全浸入水中且没有预张力时，其性能下降。该研究强调了限制平动运动（浪涌和升沉）对增强波浪耗散的关键作用。淹没也是一个关键因素，完全淹没的pfb消耗更多的能量。这些发现为在实际应用中优化系泊系统提供了有价值的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Wave-induced incipient motion of non-buoyant plastic particles: Laboratory experiments 波浪诱导非浮力塑料颗粒的初始运动：实验室实验

IF 4.5 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Coastal Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-08-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.coastaleng.2025.104848

Giulia Bonanno , Giovanni Passalacqua , Claudio Iuppa , David R. Fuhrman , Carla Faraci

The incipient motion of nine non-buoyant plastic particles, having different shapes and densities, beneath surface waves is systematically investigated on both smooth and rough beds in a 2D flume. In each test, ten identical particles are placed on the bed, and the threshold for motion is defined when at least half of the particles move during each wave cycle. Experimental results are first compared with the classical Shields curve, originally developed for natural sediments under steady flow. To enhance predictive accuracy, the present dataset was combined with additional data sets from the literature acquired under steady flows, and the consolidated data were subjected to a systematic analysis. As has been established for steady flows, the effects of static friction and hiding-exposure need to be accounted for. However, it is found that these alone are not sufficient to achieve reconciliation with the classical Shields diagram for parameterizing incipient motion conditions. To ensure consistency with classical formulations based on steady flows, the shear velocity near the bed was estimated under wave forcing by applying a phase-averaging method. The peak near-bed velocity during the wave crest phase was extracted and used to compute the corresponding friction velocity. The novelty of this study is that an additional function, depending on the ratio of boundary layer thickness to particle size, has been incorporated to parameterize incipient motion beneath unsteady (oscillatory) wave-induced flows to account for the partial submergence of particles within the boundary layer. After accounting for this additional dependence, reconciliation with the Shields diagram is achieved, with remaining scatters being of the same order of magnitude for all the considered datasets. The proposed framework improves predictions of plastic debris mobility under both steady and wave-driven flow conditions.

在二维水槽中，系统地研究了不同形状和密度的9个非浮力塑料颗粒在表面波下的初始运动。在每次测试中，将10个相同的颗粒放置在床上，并且当在每个波周期中至少有一半的颗粒移动时定义运动阈值。首先将实验结果与经典的盾构曲线进行了比较。为了提高预测精度，本数据集与稳定流下获得的文献中的其他数据集相结合，并对合并后的数据进行系统分析。正如已经建立的稳定流动一样，需要考虑静摩擦和隐藏暴露的影响。然而，我们发现，仅凭这些还不足以与经典的盾构图调和，以参数化初始运动条件。为了保证与基于稳定流动的经典公式的一致性，采用相位平均法估计了波浪强迫作用下床附近的剪切速度。提取波峰相的峰值近床速度，并用于计算相应的摩擦速度。这项研究的新颖之处在于，一个额外的函数，取决于边界层厚度与颗粒大小的比例，已经被纳入参数化非定常（振荡）波诱导流下的初始运动，以解释边界层内颗粒的部分淹没。在考虑了这种额外的依赖性之后，就实现了与Shields图的协调，剩余的散点对于所有考虑的数据集都具有相同的数量级。提出的框架改进了在稳定和波浪驱动流动条件下塑料碎片迁移性的预测。

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引用次数: 0

Multivariate design events for compound flooding analysis in estuaries 河口复合洪水分析的多变量设计事件

IF 4.5 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Coastal Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-08-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.coastaleng.2025.104850

Dina Vanessa Gomez Rave, Diego Urrea Méndez, Manuel del Jesus

Understanding Compound Flood (CF) hazard in estuaries requires moving beyond univariate approaches toward multivariate frameworks that capture the joint behavior of multiple drivers. Although the relevance of such approaches is increasingly recognized, most existing methods remain limited to bivariate analyses. Extending to higher dimensions poses conceptual and computational challenges, particularly in estimating Joint Return Periods (JRP) and defining representative design events. This limitation is especially relevant in estuarine systems, where the hazard may result from the combined action of interacting drivers — including precipitation, river discharge, storm surge, and waves — that rarely occur in isolation. In this context, restricting the analysis to two variables may overlook relevant dependencies, reinforcing the need for models that account for higher-order interactions.

This study examines the role of multivariate dependence structures within a six-dimensional case-study, comparing different copula families to evaluate their suitability for CF hazard analysis. Focusing on the Santoña estuary, we assess how model choice influences the estimation of joint events and the selection of representative conditions for design. Among the models explored, vine constructions incorporating extreme-value copulas led to more coherent joint estimates, offering improved stability across dependence scenarios. Rather than seeking a universally optimal model, the analysis illustrates how the choice of dependence structure can influence the representation of joint extremes. The proposed framework supports physically interpretable and statistically consistent multivariate design events for compound hazard analysis in coastal settings.

了解河口的复合洪水（CF）危险需要超越单变量方法，转向捕获多个驱动因素共同行为的多变量框架。尽管人们越来越认识到这些方法的相关性，但大多数现有方法仍然局限于双变量分析。扩展到更高的维度带来了概念和计算上的挑战，特别是在估计联合返回期（JRP）和定义代表性设计事件方面。这种限制在河口系统中尤其重要，在河口系统中，危险可能是由相互作用的驱动因素（包括降水、河流排放、风暴潮和波浪）共同作用造成的，而这些驱动因素很少单独发生。在这种情况下，将分析限制为两个变量可能会忽略相关的依赖关系，从而加强了对考虑高阶交互的模型的需求。本研究在一个六维案例研究中考察了多变量依赖结构的作用，比较了不同的copula家族，以评估其对CF危害分析的适用性。以Santoña河口为例，评估了模型选择如何影响联合事件的估计和设计代表性条件的选择。在探索的模型中，包含极值连词的藤结构导致了更连贯的联合估计，在依赖场景中提供了更好的稳定性。该分析不是寻求一个普遍的最优模型，而是说明了依赖结构的选择如何影响联合极值的表示。提出的框架支持物理解释和统计一致的多变量设计事件，用于沿海环境中的复合危害分析。

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引用次数: 0

An experimental investigation of local scour at squat, shallowly embedded subsea structures 深埋浅埋海底构筑物局部冲刷试验研究

IF 4.5 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Coastal Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-08-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.coastaleng.2025.104851

Lili Qu , Hongwei An , Scott Draper , Phil Watson , Liang Cheng

Squat, shallowly embedded structures are commonly used in coastal and offshore applications, such as gravity based subsea foundations, pipeline and cable infrastructure, and emerging applications including subsea data centers and artificial reefs. These structures often have shallow skirts embedded in the seabed to enhance stability and/or mitigate the risk of local scour and undermining. This paper presents an experimental investigation into local scour and undermining processes around squat, shallowly embedded subsea structures, focusing on low aspect ratios, an area underexplored in previous research. Using the large O-tube facility at The University of Western Australia, experiments were conducted under steady currents to examine both equilibrium scour depth and undermining mechanisms, and their associated time scales. Key findings indicate that flow intensity and flow attack angle significantly influence the scour process, with flow amplification at sharp corners identified as the primary cause of scour initiation. Although shallowly embedded structures experience reduced scour depths compared to deeply embedded structures, they experience extensive undermining which occurs over a longer time scale than scour at the corners of the structure. These findings enhance our understanding of scour development and provide valuable insights for the design and stability assessment of offshore structures.

深蹲、浅埋结构通常用于沿海和海上应用，如重力海底基础、管道和电缆基础设施，以及海底数据中心和人工鱼礁等新兴应用。这些结构通常有嵌入海床的浅边缘，以增强稳定性和/或减轻局部冲刷和破坏的风险。本文对深蹲、浅埋海底结构周围的局部冲刷和破坏过程进行了实验研究，重点关注低纵横比，这是以往研究中未充分探索的领域。利用西澳大利亚大学的大型o形管设备，在稳定电流下进行实验，以检查平衡冲刷深度和破坏机制，以及它们相关的时间尺度。主要研究结果表明，流动强度和流动攻角对冲刷过程有显著影响，尖角处的流动放大被认为是冲刷起爆的主要原因。虽然与深埋结构相比，浅埋结构的冲刷深度较小，但它们经历了广泛的破坏，这种破坏发生的时间尺度比结构角落的冲刷要长。这些发现增强了我们对冲刷发展的理解，并为海上结构的设计和稳定性评估提供了有价值的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Breaking occurrence and dissipation in shortcrested waves in finite water 有限水域短峰波的破缺发生与耗散

IF 4.5 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Coastal Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-08-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.coastaleng.2025.104847

Umniya Al Khalili, Ioannis Karmpadakis

The understanding of wave breaking has long been a critical concern for engineers and scientists. However, accurately identifying the onset of breaking and quantifying the associated energy dissipation remain significant challenges. To address this, the present study develops a novel methodology to identify breaking wave events in shortcrested seas in finite water depths. This is achieved through a unique dataset which couples laboratory and numerically-generated waves. The data reflect realistic sea-states used in engineering design and cover a wide range of conditions from mild to extreme. Using the proposed algorithm, key physical properties of breaking waves are examined. In particular, the probability of wave breaking and the associated wave energy dissipation are quantified to provide a statistical description of their behaviour. Complementarily, waves exhibiting significant nonlinear amplifications are also identified and modelled in a similar manner. This enables traditional wave distributions to be decomposed into more detailed distributions of breaking and non-breaking waves. These insights are combined to define a new model that predicts crest height statistics in intermediate water depths. This new mixture model is shown to reproduce experimental measurements with high accuracy, while also providing critical additional information about wave breaking.

对波浪破碎的理解长期以来一直是工程师和科学家关注的关键问题。然而，准确地识别断裂的开始和量化相关的能量耗散仍然是重大的挑战。为了解决这个问题，本研究开发了一种新的方法来识别有限水深的短角海中的破波事件。这是通过一个独特的数据集来实现的，该数据集结合了实验室和数值生成的波。这些数据反映了工程设计中使用的实际海况，涵盖了从温和到极端的广泛条件。利用该算法，对破碎波的关键物理性质进行了检验。特别是，波浪破碎的概率和相关的波能量耗散被量化，以提供其行为的统计描述。此外，波表现出显著的非线性放大也识别和模拟以类似的方式。这使得传统的波分布可以被分解成更详细的破碎波和非破碎波分布。这些见解结合起来定义了一个新的模型，用于预测中等水深的波峰高度统计。这种新的混合模型被证明可以高精度地再现实验测量结果，同时也提供了关于波浪破碎的关键附加信息。

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引用次数: 0

Hydrodynamics of in-canopy flow in synthetically generated coral reefs under oscillatory wave motion 振荡波运动下合成珊瑚礁冠层内流动的水动力学研究

IF 4.5 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Coastal Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-08-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.coastaleng.2025.104840

Akshay Patil, Clara García-Sánchez

The interaction of oscillatory wave motion with morphologically complex coral reefs showcases a wide range of consequential hydrodynamic responses within the canopy. While a large body of literature has explored the interaction of morphologically simple coral reefs, the in-canopy flow dynamics in complex coral reefs are poorly understood. This study used a synthetically generated coral reef over flat topography with varying reef height and frontal and planform density to understand the in-canopy turbulence dynamics. Using a turbulence-resolving computational framework, we found that most of the turbulent kinetic energy dissipation is confined to a region below the top of the reef and above the Stokes boundary layer. The results also suggest that most of the vertical Reynolds stress peaks within this region positively contribute to the down-gradient momentum flux during the wave cycle. These findings shed light on the physical relationships between in-canopy flow and morphologically complex coral reefs, thereby motivating a further need to explore the hydrodynamics of such flows using a scale-resolving computational framework.

振荡波运动与形态复杂的珊瑚礁的相互作用显示了冠层内广泛的相应的水动力响应。虽然大量文献已经探索了形态简单的珊瑚礁的相互作用，但对复杂珊瑚礁的冠层内流动动力学知之甚少。本研究利用在不同高度、不同锋面密度和面密度的平坦地形上合成的珊瑚礁来了解冠层内湍流动力学。利用湍流解析计算框架，我们发现大部分湍流动能耗散被限制在礁顶以下和斯托克斯边界层以上的区域。结果还表明，在波浪周期中，该区域的大部分垂直雷诺应力峰对下梯度动量通量有正向贡献。这些发现揭示了冠层内流动与形态复杂的珊瑚礁之间的物理关系，从而激发了使用尺度分辨计算框架进一步探索这种流动的流体动力学的需要。

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引用次数: 0

Numerical modeling of pressure gradients in swash-swash interactions driven by a double dam-break 双重溃坝驱动的冲刷-冲刷相互作用压力梯度数值模拟

IF 4.5 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Coastal Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-07-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.coastaleng.2025.104846

Julian Rodríguez-Burguette , Courtney Olney , Jack A. Puleo , Alec Torres-Freyermuth

Swash zone hydrodynamics control shoreline change and beach erosion/accretion. Understanding of swash hydrodynamics on a wave-by-wave basis is needed for the parameterization of numerical models to predict these morphodynamics. Detailed hydrodynamics have been investigated in the laboratory by analyzing single swash events. However, swash-swash interactions, occurring on natural beaches, play an important role on the spatial and temporal distributions of hydrodynamic parameters controlling sediment transport (e.g., pressure gradients). In this work, swash interactions are investigated using a phase- and depth-resolving numerical model (VOF-RANS). The numerical model is validated with free-surface elevation and nearbed swash velocity measurements, from double dam-break laboratory experiments, for different swash interaction types (capture, weak, and strong interactions). A satisfactory agreement of the complex swash dynamics was found between the numerical model and the laboratory data (typical correlation values > 0.92 and root-mean-square-error <0.35 m/s for nearbed velocity). The numerical model was employed to investigate the spatial and temporal evolution of horizontal and vertical pressure gradients. Simulations indicate the bed-parallel total force associated with swash interactions can be approximated by the total acceleration in the weak and strong interactions cases mainly at the maximum peaks associated with the pressure gradient. In the capture case, there is a poor fit in the outer and middle swash zone, with model skill improvement in the inner swash zone. However, large differences were predicted between the total force and the total acceleration in the bed-orthogonal direction near the bed, implying turbulence stresses cannot be neglected. The location of the maximum pressure gradient is strongly correlated with the normalized swash separation time and the excursion ratio of interacting bores. The numerical results suggest the potential parameterization of hydrodynamic conditions based on runup time series.

冲积带流体动力学控制着海岸线变化和海滩侵蚀/增生。为了参数化数值模型来预测这些形态动力学，需要在逐波的基础上理解激流流体动力学。在实验室中，通过分析单个的冲刷事件，详细地研究了流体力学。然而，在天然海滩上发生的冲刷-冲刷相互作用对控制沉积物输运的水动力参数（如压力梯度）的时空分布起着重要作用。在这项工作中，使用相位和深度分辨数值模型（VOF-RANS）研究了冲刷相互作用。数值模型用自由地表高程和近床冲刷速度测量数据进行了验证，这些数据来自双坝实验室实验，适用于不同的冲刷相互作用类型（捕获、弱和强相互作用）。数值模型与实验数据(典型相关值>；0.92和均方根误差<；0.35 m/s的近层速度)。采用数值模型研究了水平和垂直压力梯度的时空演变规律。模拟结果表明，在弱相互作用和强相互作用情况下，主要在与压力梯度相关的最大峰值处，总加速度可以近似地表示与倾斜相互作用相关的床平行总力。在捕获的情况下，在外部和中间的摇摆区有一个很差的配合，在内部的摇摆区有一个模型技能的提高。然而，在床床附近，总力和总加速度在床床正交方向上有很大的差异，这意味着湍流应力不能被忽略。最大压力梯度的位置与归一化斜流分离时间和相互作用孔偏移比密切相关。数值结果表明了基于运行时间序列的水动力条件参数化的可能性。

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引用次数: 0

Experimental analysis of post-overtopping flows on composite vertical breakwaters with retreated wave walls: Mapping of the hydrodynamic parameters 带退波壁的复合垂直防波堤过顶后流动试验分析：水动力参数映射

IF 4.5 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Coastal Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-07-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.coastaleng.2025.104839

Matteo Centorami , Alessandro Romano , Claudia Cecioni , Giorgio Bellotti

Retreated wave walls are often used to improve the hydrodynamic performance of composite vertical breakwaters placed in relatively deep-water conditions. The wall retreat changes significantly the dynamics of wave-structure interaction, making the current design criteria not adequate for such structures. Previous experimental findings highlight that these processes are governed by the complex hydrodynamics driven by the characteristics of post-overtopping flows occurring on the superstructure between the seaward edge of the caisson trunk and the wave wall. In this article a new 2D experimental campaign has been carried out to explore the hydrodynamics of post-overtopping flows on composite vertical breakwaters with retreated wave wall. To improve the overall understanding of the phenomena, these flows have been analyzed and classified into three distinct types, based on wave characteristics and structural parameters, namely: Dam break (DB), Plunging-Dam break (PDB), and Hammer-Fist (HF). Then, the characteristics of each event type have been studied as a function of the wave wall retreat position. To this end, an advanced image-clustering analysis technique has been applied to visualize the process and estimate those quantities which are difficult to measure with direct measurement techniques (e.g., air content). Moreover, wave-induced loads on the wall and downfall pressures have been measured, allowing to explore how different flow types, wall retreats, and aeration levels could affect impact loads and flow dynamics. The detailed analysis of the post-overtopping flows dynamics, combined with the measurements of the forces acting on the wave wall, allowed to obtain a comprehensive parameters map, based on the flows classification and geometrical dimensions, which contributes to the development of practical design tools for such structures.

在深水条件下，为了提高复合垂直防波堤的水动力性能，通常采用退波墙。墙后退对波-结构相互作用的动力学特性有显著的影响，使得现有的设计准则对这种结构并不适用。以往的实验结果表明，这些过程是由发生在沉箱干向海边缘和波壁之间上部结构上的过顶后流动特征所驱动的复杂流体动力学所控制的。本文进行了一项新的二维试验，探讨了带退波墙的复合垂直防波堤过顶后流的水动力特性。为了提高对这一现象的整体认识，我们根据波浪特征和结构参数对这些水流进行了分析，并将其分为三种不同的类型，即：溃坝（DB）、冲坝（PDB）和锤击（HF）。然后，研究了各事件类型的特征随波壁后退位置的变化规律。为此目的，一种先进的图像聚类分析技术已被应用于可视化过程和估计那些难以用直接测量技术测量的数量（例如，空气含量）。此外，还测量了壁面上的波浪载荷和下降压力，从而可以探索不同的流动类型、壁面后退和曝气水平如何影响冲击载荷和流动动力学。对过顶后流动动力学的详细分析，结合对作用于波壁的力的测量，可以获得基于流动分类和几何尺寸的综合参数图，这有助于开发此类结构的实用设计工具。

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引用次数: 0

Surrogate root system modeling — A hybrid dune reinforcement 代根系统建模-混合沙丘加固

IF 4.5 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Coastal Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-07-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.coastaleng.2025.104835

Lukas Ahrenbeck , Oliver Lojek , Johannes Schattmann , Björn Mehrtens , Constantin Schweiger , Viktoria Kosmalla , David Schürenkamp , Nils Goseberg

Coastal dunes are a critical natural defense against storm surges and sea level rise, yet their stability is increasingly compromised by intensified hydrodynamic forces. To withstand stronger and more frequent storm surges as a result of climate change, engineered natural coastal barriers play an important role. This study systematically investigates the potential of artificial root system surrogates based on the root structure of Ammophila arenaria to augment dune stability under simulated storm surge conditions. Laboratory experiments were conducted in a 1.0 m wide and 90.0 m long wave flume, replicating the geomorphological characteristics of a dune profile from Sankt Peter-Ording, Germany, at a scale of 1:7. Three surrogate materials (i) coir grid, (ii) basalt grid, and (iii) coir mat were evaluated across three distinct placement configurations (Crest-only, Crest-Slope and Crest-Slope-Foot) under hydrodynamic regimes corresponding to collision, minor overwash, and heavy overwash. High-resolution 3D-lidar scanning provided quantitative, continuous assessments of erosion volumes and dune profile changes. The experimental results indicate that the flexibility of the materials, particularly coir grid and coir mat, substantially mitigates erosion through attenuation of incoming waves and sediment retention, while the relatively stiffer basalt grid exhibits inferior performance. Comparative analyses of small-scale experiments demonstrate that strategically designed artificial root systems can reduce erosion by 13.3 % to 47.6 %, thereby matching or surpassing the 23 % to 40 % reductions documented for natural vegetation. These findings provide critical insights for advancing nature-based coastal defense strategies and highlight the necessity for further large-scale investigations to refine material properties and deployment configurations.

海岸沙丘是抵御风暴潮和海平面上升的重要天然屏障，但它们的稳定性日益受到强化的水动力的损害。为了抵御气候变化带来的更强、更频繁的风暴潮，人工设计的天然海岸屏障发挥了重要作用。本研究系统探讨了在模拟风暴潮条件下，以砂氨藻（Ammophila arenaria）根系结构为基础的人工根系替代物增强沙丘稳定性的潜力。实验室实验在一个1.0 m宽、90.0 m长的波浪水槽中进行，以1:7的比例复制了德国圣彼得-奥丁沙丘剖面的地貌特征。三种替代材料(i)椰壳网格，（ii）玄武岩网格，和（iii）椰壳垫在三种不同的放置配置（仅波峰，波峰坡和波峰坡脚）下进行评估，对应于碰撞，轻微冲过和严重冲过的水动力机制。高分辨率3d激光雷达扫描提供了定量、连续的侵蚀量和沙丘剖面变化评估。实验结果表明，材料的柔韧性，特别是椰壳网格和椰壳垫，通过衰减入射波和泥沙滞留，大大减轻了侵蚀，而相对较硬的玄武岩网格表现出较差的性能。小规模试验的对比分析表明，精心设计的人工根系可以减少13.3%至47.6%的侵蚀，从而达到或超过自然植被23%至40%的减少量。这些发现为推进基于自然的海岸防御战略提供了重要见解，并强调了进一步大规模调查以改进材料特性和部署配置的必要性。

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引用次数: 0

REEF3D::NHFLOW—A high-performance non-hydrostatic solver for coastal wave propagation REEF3D: nhflow -一种高性能的海岸波传播非流体静力解算器

IF 4.5 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Coastal Engineering

Pub Date : 2025-07-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.coastaleng.2025.104819

Hans Bihs, Widar Weizhi Wang

In this paper the new three-dimensional non-hydrostatic wave model NHFLOW is presented. It solves the non-hydrostatic Euler equations on a

σ

-coordinate grid, which follows the free surface and bottom topography, allowing for grid refinement near the water surface. The governing equations are treated with a Godunov-type scheme. A pressure correction algorithm is implemented, which results in excellent dispersion properties. Together, this delivers a unique combination of shock-capturing properties and dispersive wave modeling capabilities. The structure of the coefficient matrix of the Poisson equation is simplified through a deferred correction approach, increasing the iterative solver’s performance significantly. In order to model propagating waves with a high level of accuracy, the numerical fluxes are reconstructed with the fifth-order WENO scheme. Developed within the open-source hydrodynamic framework REEF3D, the new model is fully parallelized and utilizes the domain decomposition strategy with MPI communication between processors. This paper showcases the capabilities of this new and efficient non-hydrostatic model through verification and validation with a range of laboratory and real-world wave propagation cases.

本文提出了一种新的三维非流体静力波模型NHFLOW。它在σ坐标网格上求解非流体静力欧拉方程，该网格遵循自由表面和底部地形，允许在水面附近进行网格细化。控制方程用godunov型格式处理。实现了一种压力校正算法，得到了良好的色散特性。总之，这提供了一个独特的组合冲击捕获特性和色散波建模能力。采用递延修正方法简化了泊松方程系数矩阵的结构，显著提高了迭代求解器的性能。为了高精度地模拟传播波，采用五阶WENO格式重建了数值通量。在开源流体力学框架REEF3D中开发的新模型是完全并行的，并利用处理器之间的MPI通信的领域分解策略。本文通过一系列实验室和现实世界波浪传播案例的验证和验证，展示了这种新的高效非流体静力模型的能力。

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