Comparative Immunology Microbiology and Infectious Diseases最新文献_第8页

Antibiotic resistance and molecular typing of duck-derived Escherichia coli isolates 鸭源性大肠杆菌的耐药性和分子分型

IF 2 3区农林科学 Q4 IMMUNOLOGY

Comparative Immunology Microbiology and Infectious Diseases

Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2025.102321

Hongyan Dong , Shanyuan Zhu , Dongyu Zheng , Caoyu Fei , Zhi Wu , Shuang Wu , Anping Wang , Shengqing Yu

Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) causes severe economic losses in duck farms through complex, frequent infections and secondary infections. In this study, 73 suspected E. coli strains were isolated from diseased ducks of three provinces in China during 2019–2020, and identified using polymerase chain reaction. The O serotypes, drug susceptibility and molecular subtyping of the strains were also analyzed. The results showed that 9 of the 73 strains belong to classical APEC serotypes, including 1 serotype O1 strain, 2 serotype O2 strains, 2 serotype O18 strains, and 4 serotype O78 strains. Antibiotic susceptibility testing indicated that 69/73 (94.52 %) strains were sensitive to polymyxin B, but less than 6/73 (8.22 %) strains were sensitive to clindamycin, kanamycin, amoxicillin and tetracycline. All strains were multidrug-resistant. Pulsed field gel electrophoresis clustering analysis revealed that these strains shared over 50 % similarity of the band patterns, with seven groups showing 100 % similarity among themselves. Notably, strains from Jiangsu and Jiangxi provinces in 2019 had 100 % similarity in certain groups, with some strains showing identical resistance profiles. Additionally, isolates from Anhui and Jiangsu provinces across different years also exhibited 100 % similarity, suggesting potential cross-province transmission. In summary, the 73 duck-derived E. coli isolates exhibited strong antibiotic resistance and a broad resistance profile, with genotypes showing polymorphic distribution and epidemiological relevance. The 100 % similarity among some strains within and between provinces underscores the need for epidemiological investigation to inform effective prevention and control measures.

禽致病性大肠杆菌（APEC）通过复杂、频繁的感染和继发感染给养鸭场造成严重的经济损失。本研究从2019-2020年中国3省病鸭中分离到73株疑似大肠杆菌，采用聚合酶链反应对其进行鉴定。并分析了该菌株的O血清型、药物敏感性和分子分型。结果表明，73株菌株中有9株属于APEC经典血清型，其中O1型1株，O2型2株，O18型2株，O78型4株。药敏试验结果显示，对多粘菌素B敏感的菌株69/73(94.52 %)，对克林霉素、卡那霉素、阿莫西林和四环素敏感的菌株不足6/73（8.22 %）。所有菌株均具有多重耐药。脉冲场凝胶电泳聚类分析显示，这些菌株的带型相似度超过50 %，其中7个菌株之间的相似度为100 %。值得注意的是，2019年江苏和江西的菌株在某些群体中具有100% %的相似性，有些菌株表现出相同的抗性谱。此外，安徽和江苏两省不同年份的分离株也表现出100 %的相似性，表明可能存在跨省传播。总之，73株鸭源性大肠杆菌分离株表现出较强的抗生素耐药性和广泛的耐药谱，基因型表现出多态性分布和流行病学相关性。一些菌株在省内和省间的相似性为100% %，这表明需要进行流行病学调查，以便为有效的预防和控制措施提供信息。

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引用次数: 0

Primarily molecular detection and phylogenetic analyses of spotted fever group Rickettsia species in cats in Türkiye: With new host reports of Rickettsia aeschlimannii, Rickettsia slovaca, and Candidatus Rickettsia barbariae <s:1>基耶岛猫斑点热群立克次体的主要分子检测和系统发育分析：有新的宿主报告为艾氏立克次体、斯洛伐克立克次体和野蛮立克次体候选体

IF 2 3区农林科学 Q4 IMMUNOLOGY

Comparative Immunology Microbiology and Infectious Diseases

Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2025.102319

Ufuk Erol , Omer Faruk Sahin , Osman Furkan Urhan , Melih Gazi Genc , Kursat Altay

Domestic cats are companion animals that live with people in their households or outdoors, and strong relationships exist between cats and humans. However, this animal is also a host/reservoir of zoonotic pathogens, including Rickettsia species. In Türkiye, cat ownership has increased over the years, but there is a lack of data on the pathogens in cats. In this study, 396 cat blood samples were collected from different parts of Türkiye, and these samples were investigated for Rickettsia species with PCR assay. In addition, DNA sequences were performed for species identification and phylogenetic analyses of detected Rickettsia species. 24 out of 396 cat blood samples (6.06 %) were found to be infected with Rickettsia species. The DNA sequence analyses of all PCR-positive samples were done, and Ri. aeschlimannii was identified in 17 samples, Ri. slovaca in four, Candidatus Rickettsia barbariae in two, and Ri. raoultii in one sample. The phylogenetic analyses of obtained DNA from the above-mentioned species were performed. The sequence data belonging to the species were uploaded to the GenBank, and accession numbers for Rickettsia aeschlimannii (PP998242-PP998258), Ri. slovaca (PP998259-PP998262), Candidatus Rickettsia barbariae (PP998263-PP998264), and Ri. raoultii (PP998265) were taken. This result provides the first molecular detection of Ri. aeschlimannii, Ri. slovaca, Candidatus Rickettsia barbariae, and Ri. raoultii in Türkiye. Moreover, the DNA of Ri. aeschlimannii, Ri. slovaca, and Candidatus Rickettsia barbariae were identified in cat blood samples for the first time in the world, and the cats were a new host for these Rickettsia species. Detailed studies are, however, needed to determine the pathogenicity, biological characteristics, and vectors of these Rickettsia species in this new host.

家猫是一种伴侣动物，与人一起生活在家里或户外，猫和人之间存在着牢固的关系。然而，这种动物也是人畜共患病原体的宿主/宿主，包括立克次体。在泰国，养猫的人数近年来有所增加，但缺乏关于猫身上病原体的数据。本研究采集了396份猫立克次体（rkiye）不同部位的血液样本，采用PCR法检测立克次体的种类。此外，对检测到的立克次体进行了物种鉴定和系统发育分析。在396份猫血样本中发现24份（6.06 %）感染立克次体。对所有pcr阳性样本进行DNA序列分析，Ri。在17份样品中鉴定出埃氏曼氏菌。4个是斯洛伐克菌，2个是野蛮立克次体候选菌，Ri。Raoultii在一个样本中。对上述物种获得的DNA进行了系统发育分析。将该种属的序列数据上传到GenBank，埃氏立克次体（pp998242 ~ pp998258）， Ri；（PP998259-PP998262），（PP998263-PP998264）；取raoultii （PP998265）。这一结果首次提供了Ri的分子检测。aeschlimannii, Ri。野蛮立克次体候选菌和李氏菌。raoultii in trkiye。此外，Ri的DNA。aeschlimannii, Ri。猫血标本中首次检出了slovaca、Candidatus rickettia barbariia，猫是这两种立克次体的新宿主。然而，需要进行详细的研究来确定这些立克次体物种在这个新宿主中的致病性、生物学特性和媒介。

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引用次数: 0

Listeria monocytogenes from different sources: The serotyping, genotyping, virulotyping, and antibiotic susceptibilities of the recovered isolates 不同来源单核细胞增生李斯特菌的血清分型、基因分型、病毒分型和抗生素敏感性

IF 2 3区农林科学 Q4 IMMUNOLOGY

Comparative Immunology Microbiology and Infectious Diseases

Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2025.102314

Emre Karakaya , Fuat Aydin , Kadir Semih Gümüşsoy , Tuba Kayman , Özgür Güran , Cansu Güran , Doğancan Yarim , Enes Said Gündüz , Seçil Abay

It was aimed at serotyping, genotyping, determining various virulence genes, and investigating antibiotic susceptibilities of Listeria monocytogenes isolates recovered from different sources in the current study. For this purpose, a total of 70 L. monocytogenes isolates including 22 chicken, 20 fish, 18 sheep, and 10 cattle origin were used. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) was performed for serotyping and analysis of virulence genes of the isolates, and also Enterobacterial Repetitive Intergenic Consensus (ERIC)-PCR was performed for the genotyping. In addition, it was determined the susceptibilities of the isolates against nine different antibiotics via the disk diffusion method. As a result of serotyping, the most detected serogroup in analyzed L. monocytogenes isolates was 1/2a-3a (44.3 %), and but the least detected serogroup 1/2b-3b-7 (11.4 %). ERIC-PCR results revealed a total of 18 different patterns. All isolates were positive for the presence of inlA, inlB, inlC, iap, prfA, actA, hly, plcA, plcB and mpl virulence genes tested. The prevalence of the actA gene in isolates was determined as 70 %. Antibiotic resistance was detected against six antibiotics, and high resistance to oxacillin (80 %) and ciprofloxacin (65.7 %) in the isolates. Furthermore, the rate of multi-drug resistance in L. monocytogenes isolates was 28.5 % (20/70). In conclusion, the present study showed that the sources may pose a potential health risk, according to obtained data on the virulence gene prevalence, serogroup distribution, high genetic heterogeneity, and antibiotic resistance profiles of L. monocytogenes isolates from different sources.

本研究旨在对从不同来源分离的单核细胞增生李斯特菌进行血清分型、基因分型、各种毒力基因测定和抗生素敏感性研究。为此，共70个 L。其中鸡22株，鱼20株，羊18株，牛10株。采用聚合酶链式反应（PCR）进行血清分型和毒力基因分析，并采用肠杆菌重复基因间一致性(ERIC)-PCR进行基因分型。此外，采用纸片扩散法测定了菌株对9种不同抗生素的敏感性。血清分型结果显示，单核增生乳杆菌分离株中检出最多的血清组为1/2a-3a(44.3% %)，检出最少的血清组为1/2b-3b-7（11.4% %）。ERIC-PCR结果共显示18种不同的模式。所有菌株均检测出inlA、inlB、inlC、iap、prfA、actA、hly、plcA、plcB和mpl毒力基因阳性。actA基因在分离株中的流行率为70 %。检出对6种抗生素耐药，其中对oxacillin（80 %）和环丙沙星（65.7 %）耐药较高。单核增生乳杆菌多药耐药率为28.5 %（20/70）。总之，根据不同来源单核增生乳杆菌分离株的毒力基因流行率、血清群分布、高遗传异质性和抗生素耐药谱等数据，本研究表明，这些来源可能构成潜在的健康风险。

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引用次数: 0

Severe lamb diarrhea outbreak: Clinical features, identification of the causative agent, and a prophylactic approach 严重羔羊腹泻暴发：临床特征、病原体鉴定和预防方法

IF 2 3区农林科学 Q4 IMMUNOLOGY

Comparative Immunology Microbiology and Infectious Diseases

Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2025.102318

Shaimaa El-gbily , Marwa M. Eldokmak , Rasha Diabb , Osama M. Abas , Emad Beshir Ata , Safwat Kamal , Shahenaz M.H. Hassan

Lamb diarrhea is an important problem and has a significance impact on the ovine sector productivity. This study aimed to identify the causative agent related to a severe diarrhea outbreak in neonatal lambs in Egypt. A total number of 30 lambs representing different farms were investigated. Faecal samples were obtained for parasitological, bacteriological, and virological examination. Tissue samples were obtained for histopathology. While blood was obtained for measuring haematological parameters and humeral immune response against the used Entero-3 vaccine®, respectively. The obtained results cleared presence of significant clinical symptoms of diarrhea, dehydration and inflammation of the large intestine which was filled with watery fluid content. Parasitological causative agents were not recorded. Enterococcus sp. was successfully isolated from 30 % of the samples (seven isolates E. faecium and two E. gallinarum) with detection of the Asa and Esp virulence genes. While E. coli was detected in 26.6 % of the cases, they were identified as O124:K72, O111:K58, O78:K80, O26:K60 with successful amplification of the Sta and F5 (K99) virulence genes. The obtained isolates were susceptible to the Amikacin . Using vaccination as a prophylactic approach resulted in decreasing mortality rates with presence of a protective seroconversion rate in the vaccinated animals. The haematological parameters showed presence of neutrophilia and lymphocytosis. Histopathologically, desquamations of the villi’ enterocytes were the most common lesion. In conclusion, this study highlights the roles of bacterial and viral infection in causing severe lamb enteritis and high mortalities which necessitate establishing of ewe’s vaccination programs.

羔羊腹泻是一个重要问题，对畜牧业生产力有重大影响。本研究旨在确定与埃及新生儿羔羊严重腹泻暴发有关的病原体。共调查了代表不同农场的30只羔羊。采集粪便样本进行寄生虫学、细菌学和病毒学检查。取组织标本进行组织病理学检查。同时取血分别测定血液学参数和对Entero-3疫苗®的肱骨免疫反应。所获得的结果明确存在明显的临床症状，如腹泻、脱水和充满水样液体的大肠炎症。寄生虫病原未作记录。从30 %的样品（7株粪肠球菌和2株鸡肠球菌）中成功分离出肠球菌，并检测出Asa和Esp毒力基因。在26.6 %的病例中检出大肠杆菌，分别鉴定为O124:K72、O111:K58、O78:K80、O26:K60，成功扩增了Sta和F5 （K99）毒力基因。所得分离株对阿米卡星敏感。使用疫苗接种作为一种预防方法，在接种疫苗的动物中存在保护性血清转化率，导致死亡率下降。血液学指标显示有嗜中性粒细胞增多和淋巴细胞增多。组织病理学上，绒毛肠细胞脱皮是最常见的病变。总之，本研究强调了细菌和病毒感染在引起羔羊严重肠炎和高死亡率中的作用，因此有必要建立母羊疫苗接种计划。

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引用次数: 0

Prevalence, genetic diversity, and zoonotic potential of Giardia duodenalis in New and Old World Camelids: A comparative systematic review and meta-analysis 贾第鞭毛虫在新旧世界骆驼中的流行、遗传多样性和人畜共患潜力：一项比较系统回顾和荟萃分析

IF 2 3区农林科学 Q4 IMMUNOLOGY

Comparative Immunology Microbiology and Infectious Diseases

Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2025.102316

Mina Mamizadeh , Ali Pouryousef , Mohammad Reza Mohammadi , Mohammadreza Hafezi Ahmadi , Hassan Nourmohammadi , Ali Asghari

This study aimed to review and analyze the prevalence, genetic diversity, and zoonotic potential of Giardia duodenalis in New World Camelids (NWCs) and Old World Camelids (OWCs), highlighting geographic and host-related variations. The statistical analyses were conducted using CMA software to estimate pooled prevalence rates. Heterogeneity was evaluated with the I² statistic, and sensitivity analysis tested pooled prevalence after removing certain studies. Meta-regression examined the association between G. duodenalis prevalence in camelids and factors like publication year and sample size. Subgroup analyses investigated prevalence variations based on countries, continents, WHO regions, publication years, diagnostic methods, and sample sizes. A total of 22 studies/23 datasets were included, with eight on NWCs and 15 on OWCs, covering 5008 camelids across nine countries. The weighted G. duodenalis prevalence in camelids was 8.7 % (95 % CI: 5.6–13.3), with NWCs at 10.3 % (95 % CI: 3–29.7) and OWCs at 9.1 % (95 % CI: 6.7–12.2). Geographical analyses revealed the highest prevalence of G. duodenalis in South America (40.4 %) and the AMR WHO region (10.8 %), with notable rates in Peru (40.4 %) and Iraq (11.9 %). Sensitivity analysis showed that prevalence rates remain robust, unaffected by study exclusions. Neither the year of study nor sample size influenced infection rates in camelids. The identification of zoonotic assemblages A and E, and zoonotic sub-assemblage AI in camelids, is of public health significance. These insights enhance our understanding of G. duodenalis epidemiology in camelids, underscoring the need for ongoing surveillance and research regarding their effects on human and animal health.

本研究旨在回顾和分析贾第虫在新世界和旧世界Camelids （NWCs）中的流行情况、遗传多样性和人畜共患的可能性，重点介绍地理和宿主相关的差异。使用CMA软件进行统计分析，以估计合并患病率。采用I²统计量评估异质性，并在剔除某些研究后进行敏感性分析。荟萃回归检验了十二指肠十二指肠杆菌在骆驼科动物中的流行与出版年份和样本量等因素之间的关系。亚组分析调查了基于国家、大洲、世卫组织区域、出版年份、诊断方法和样本量的患病率差异。共纳入22项研究/23个数据集，其中8项关于NWCs， 15项关于OWCs，涵盖9个国家的5008只骆驼。十二指肠棘球蚴在骆驼群中的加权患病率为8.7 %(95 % CI: 5.6-13.3)， nwc为10.3 %(95 % CI: 3-29.7)， OWCs为9.1 %（95 % CI: 6.7-12.2）。地理分析显示，南美洲和AMR - WHO区域十二指肠十二指肠螺杆菌患病率最高，分别为40.4% %和10.8% %，秘鲁（40.4% %）和伊拉克（11.9% %）的患病率最高。敏感性分析显示，患病率保持稳定，不受研究排除的影响。研究年份和样本量对骆驼的感染率都没有影响。鉴定骆驼人畜共患病组合A和E以及人畜共患病亚组合AI具有重要的公共卫生意义。这些见解增强了我们对骆驼中十二指肠梭菌流行病学的理解，强调了对其对人类和动物健康的影响进行持续监测和研究的必要性。

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引用次数: 0

Cultural human-snake interactions in the festa dei serpari as an opportunity for the surveillance of bacterial pathogens of zoonotic concern 动物节中人类与蛇的文化互动是监测人畜共患细菌病原体的一个机会

IF 2 3区农林科学 Q4 IMMUNOLOGY

Comparative Immunology Microbiology and Infectious Diseases

Pub Date : 2025-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-02-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2025.102325

Renata Fagundes-Moreira , Domenico Otranto , Gianpaolo Montinaro , Ernesto Filippi , Alessio Lorusso , Antonio Petrini , Livia De Fazi , Marialaura Corrente , Giovanni Benelli , Jairo A. Mendoza-Roldan

Reptiles harbour a wide range of pathogen species, some of which can pose risks to human health. Among them, snakes serve as valuable sentinels for monitoring pathogens, particularly in some cultural contexts where animal-human interactions offer a unique opportunity to delve into bacterial dynamics throughout the years. This is the case of the annual serpent ritual “festa dei serpari” in Cocullo, in central Italy renowned for the San Domenico snakes festival. This study conducted a retrospective analysis of a comprehensive database of bacterial pathogens associated with wild snakes captured during the ritual, from 2010 to 2023 (excluding 2020 and 2021). Using different sampling methods, comprising cloacal, oral, and cutaneous swabs, along with faecal material, a total of 563 biological samples were collected from 465 registered snakes harvested for this unique ritual. Samples were analysed to assess the prevalence of bacterial species on snakes and the potential risks to human health. Seventy bacterial species were identified using traditional growth media, molecular diagnosis, biochemical analyses, and mass spectrometry performed in two national reference institutes. Among the results, zoonotic and opportunistic bacteria such as Salmonella spp., Escherichia coli, and drug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae were of particular concern. The results also revealed significant trends during the years under investigation, with an increasing prevalence of Gram-negative bacteria and Staphylococcus sciuri, along with a decline in Salmonella spp. Our findings emphasize the importance of continued surveillance of zoonotic pathogens, given the close human-snake interactions that occur during this Sacro-profane historical ritual.

爬行动物携带多种病原体，其中一些可能对人类健康构成威胁。其中，蛇是监测病原体的宝贵哨兵，特别是在某些文化背景下，动物与人类的互动提供了一个独特的机会，可以多年来深入研究细菌动态。在意大利中部以圣多梅尼科蛇节而闻名的科库洛，一年一度的蛇仪式“festa dei serpari”就是这样。本研究对2010年至2023年（不包括2020年和2021年）在仪式期间捕获的野生蛇相关细菌病原体的综合数据库进行了回顾性分析。使用不同的采样方法，包括肛肠、口腔和皮肤拭子以及粪便材料，从465条为这一独特仪式采集的登记蛇中收集了563个生物样本。对样本进行了分析，以评估蛇身上细菌种类的流行程度以及对人类健康的潜在风险。在两个国家参考研究所使用传统培养基、分子诊断、生化分析和质谱法鉴定了70种细菌。其中，沙门氏菌、大肠杆菌、耐药铜绿假单胞菌和肺炎克雷伯菌等人畜共患和机会性细菌尤其值得关注。结果还揭示了调查期间的重要趋势，革兰氏阴性菌和严重葡萄球菌的流行率上升，沙门氏菌的流行率下降。我们的研究结果强调了持续监测人畜共患病原体的重要性，因为在这一神圣亵渎的历史仪式中，人蛇之间发生了密切的相互作用。

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引用次数: 0

Phylogenetic and molecular analysis of hemagglutinin gene and Fsp-coding region of canine distemper virus: Insight into novel vaccine development 犬瘟热病毒血凝素基因和fsp编码区的系统发育和分子分析：对新型疫苗开发的见解。

IF 2 3区农林科学 Q4 IMMUNOLOGY

Comparative Immunology Microbiology and Infectious Diseases

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2024.102292

Mojtaba Khosravi , Fatemeh Zahra Gharib , Alireza bakhshi

Canine distemper virus (CDV) causes a highly contagious and lethal disease in a vast range of carnivorous and non-carnivorous species. The study aimed to genetically investigate the hemagglutinin (H) gene and Fsp-coding region of CDV isolates from vaccinated dogs. Phylogenetic analysis of the H gene and Fsp-coding region showed that our viruses belonged to the Arctic-like lineage which was distinct from two commonly used vaccine strains (America-1 lineage strains) in Iran. Our data presented a high similarity between the H gene sequences of studied viruses. The multiple sequence alignment of the H gene of our viruses against vaccine strains revealed 91.3–95.6 % and 89.9–94.4 % in the level of nucleotide and amino acid identity, respectively. Our finding identified a potential recombination breakpoint occurring between codons 520–607, along with three positive selection sites including residues 415,547, and 549 among the H gene using the Data Monkey platform. A significant variation of B cell epitopes was found in Hemagglutinating and noose epitope (HNE), with respect to America-1 vaccine strains. Moreover, the H genes of studied viruses had 8 N-glycosylation sites, which is more than the America-1 vaccine strains. Our results confirmed that the circulation of Arctic-like lineage may be a prevalent lineage. Despite widespread vaccination, it does not provide full protection against CDV infection. Due to antigenic differences between our viruses and commonly used vaccine strains, it seems a novel vaccine strain is needed to prevent and prepare full protection against Arctic-like CDV infection.

犬瘟热病毒（CDV）引起高度传染性和致命的疾病，在广泛的肉食性和非肉食性物种。本研究旨在对接种犬的CDV分离株的血凝素(H)基因和fsp编码区进行遗传研究。H基因和fsp编码区的系统发育分析表明，我们的病毒属于arctic -样谱系，与伊朗常用的两种疫苗株（America-1谱系株）不同。我们的数据显示所研究的病毒之间的H基因序列高度相似。病毒H基因对疫苗株的多序列比对显示，核苷酸和氨基酸的同源性分别为91.3 ~ 95.6% %和89.9 ~ 94.4 %。我们的发现发现了一个潜在的重组断点，发生在密码子520-607之间，以及三个阳性选择位点，包括H基因中的残基415,547和549。与美洲-1疫苗株相比，血凝和套索表位（HNE）的B细胞表位存在显著差异。此外，研究病毒的H基因有8个n -糖基化位点，比美国-1疫苗株多。我们的结果证实了北极样谱系的环流可能是一个普遍的谱系。尽管广泛接种疫苗，但它并不能提供针对CDV感染的全面保护。由于我们的病毒和常用疫苗株之间的抗原差异，似乎需要一种新的疫苗株来预防和准备对北极样CDV感染的充分保护。

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引用次数: 0

First record of the presence of antibodies against Leptospira in Lagostomus maximus, and Leptospira weillii serogroup Celledoni in Chaetophractus villosus, Argentina 首次在阿根廷大毛象中发现钩端螺旋体抗体，在毛毛象中发现威利钩端螺旋体血清群。

IF 2 3区农林科学 Q4 IMMUNOLOGY

Comparative Immunology Microbiology and Infectious Diseases

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2025.102302

Marta Susana Kin , María C. Sanchez , Micaela Esteban , Mara L. Martinez , Bibiana F. Brihuega , Micaela Hamer , Vanina Saraullo , Eduardo D. Cayron , Gabriel P. Cayron , Hugo Giménez , Carlos R. Cayron , Marcelo Fort

Leptospirosis is a zoonosis with a worldwide distribution, which is transmitted through direct contact with infected animals or by contact with contaminated water or soil. Objectives was to examine the presence of antibodies against 23 serogroups of Leptospira in Lagostomus maximus and Chaetopractus villosus in La Pampa province, Argentina. Ninety-four serum samples from L. maximus (80) and C. villosus (14) were taken. The samples were analysed by microscopic agglutination test (MAT). Only 5/94 (5.3 %) serum samples presented antibodies against Leptospira sp. Three (21.4 %) serum samples from C. villosus, were reactive to the serogroups, Ballum, Grippotyphosa, Canicola and Celledoni, and two samples (2.5 %) of L. maximus to Pomona, Canicola and Ballum. This constitutes the first record of the presence of antibodies serogroup Celledoni in C. villosus and serogroups Pomona, Canicola and Ballum in L. maximus in Argentina.

钩端螺旋体病是一种分布在世界各地的人畜共患病，通过直接接触受感染的动物或接触受污染的水或土壤传播。目的检测阿根廷拉潘帕省最大拉古stomus maximus和绒毛毛象（chaetopactus villosus） 23个血清群钩端螺旋体抗体的存在。共采集最大乳杆菌80份和绒毛乳杆菌14份血清94份。用显微凝集试验（MAT）对样品进行分析。只有5/94份（5.3 %）的血清样品对钩端螺旋体有抗体，3份（21.4% %）的血清样品对balum、gripo伤寒、Canicola和Celledoni有抗体，2份（2.5 %）的血清样品对Pomona、Canicola和Ballum有抗体。这是首次记录到在阿根廷的绒毛C.虫中存在Celledoni血清群，在L. maximus中存在Pomona、Canicola和Ballum血清群。

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引用次数: 0

Survey on the prevalence of trypanosomosis in small ruminants and on tsetse distribution in Dedesa and Bedele districts, Buno Bedele Zone, Ethiopia 埃塞俄比亚布诺比德勒区德德萨和比德勒县小反刍动物锥虫病流行及采采蝇分布调查。

IF 2 3区农林科学 Q4 IMMUNOLOGY

Comparative Immunology Microbiology and Infectious Diseases

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2025.102304

Tsegaye Wolde Oche , Yigremachew Kasahun

Background

African animal trypanosomosis (AAT) is one of the most serious diseases with ongoing detrimental effects on animal health and food production.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Bedele and Dedesa districts of Buno Bedele Zone, Southwest Ethiopia, to determine the prevalence of trypanosomosis and its vector distributions in small ruminants. Blood samples collected from a total of 384 small ruminants were examined for trypanosomosis via hematological analysis. For the tsetse distribution survey, 72 traps were deployed in the designated districts.

Results

Among the small ruminants examined with hematological techniques (n = 384), 16 (8 sheep and 8 goats) were infected with trypanosomes. The overall prevalence of trypanosomosis was 4.17 %. Only two species of trypanosomes, namely, T. vivax and T. congolense, were observed in this study, with equal prevalence rates (2.08 %). The mean PCV ± SD of the parasitemic small ruminants (24.37 ± 5.66) was significantly lower than that of the aparasitemic (27.48 ± 4.38) small ruminants. A total of 369 flies were caught (Glossina tachinoides (74.5 %) and G. morsitans (25.5 %)), with an overall mean apparent density of 2.56 flies per trap per day.

Conclusions

Overall, these results indicate that this disease is prevalent in these animals, and maintaining their health may play a significant role in defending the disease's spread. Greater emphasis needs to be given to controlling this disease in these ruminants, and the role of these animals as carriers of the disease needs to be considered in future planning and strategies of African animal trypanosomosis control activities.

背景：非洲动物锥虫病（AAT）是对动物健康和粮食生产产生持续有害影响的最严重疾病之一。方法：在埃塞俄比亚西南部布诺比德勒区比德勒区和德德萨区进行横断面研究，确定小反刍动物中锥虫病的流行情况和病媒分布。通过血液学分析对384只小反刍动物的血液样本进行了锥虫病检查。为了调查采采蝇的分布情况，我们在指定地区放置了72个捕蝇器。结果：血液学检查的小反刍动物（n = 384）中，16只（绵羊8只、山羊8只）感染锥虫。锥虫病总患病率为4.17 %。本研究仅发现间日绦虫和刚果锥虫两种，两者患病率相等（2.08 %）。寄生小反刍动物的PCV平均值 ± SD（24.37 ± 5.66）显著低于寄生小反刍动物的平均值（27.48 ± 4.38）。共捕获蝇类369只，其中速蝇（74.5 %）和褐家蝇（25.5 %），总平均表观密度为2.56只/笼/ d。结论：总的来说，这些结果表明这种疾病在这些动物中普遍存在，保持它们的健康可能在防御疾病的传播中发挥重要作用。需要更加重视在这些反刍动物中控制这种疾病，并且在非洲动物锥虫病控制活动的未来规划和战略中需要考虑这些动物作为疾病携带者的作用。

{"title":"Survey on the prevalence of trypanosomosis in small ruminants and on tsetse distribution in Dedesa and Bedele districts, Buno Bedele Zone, Ethiopia","authors":"Tsegaye Wolde Oche , Yigremachew Kasahun","doi":"10.1016/j.cimid.2025.102304","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cimid.2025.102304","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>African animal trypanosomosis (AAT) is one of the most serious diseases with ongoing detrimental effects on animal health and food production.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Bedele and Dedesa districts of Buno Bedele Zone, Southwest Ethiopia, to determine the prevalence of trypanosomosis and its vector distributions in small ruminants. Blood samples collected from a total of 384 small ruminants were examined for trypanosomosis via hematological analysis. For the tsetse distribution survey, 72 traps were deployed in the designated districts.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among the small ruminants examined with hematological techniques (n = 384), 16 (8 sheep and 8 goats) were infected with trypanosomes. The overall prevalence of trypanosomosis was 4.17 %. Only two species of trypanosomes, namely, <em>T. vivax</em> and <em>T. congolense,</em> were observed in this study, with equal prevalence rates (2.08 %). The mean PCV ± SD of the parasitemic small ruminants (24.37 ± 5.66) was significantly lower than that of the aparasitemic (27.48 ± 4.38) small ruminants. A total of 369 flies were caught (<em>Glossina tachinoides</em> (74.5 %) and <em>G. morsitans</em> (25.5 %)), with an overall mean apparent density of 2.56 flies per trap per day.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Overall, these results indicate that this disease is prevalent in these animals, and maintaining their health may play a significant role in defending the disease's spread. Greater emphasis needs to be given to controlling this disease in these ruminants, and the role of these animals as carriers of the disease needs to be considered in future planning and strategies of African animal trypanosomosis control activities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50999,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Immunology Microbiology and Infectious Diseases","volume":"117 ","pages":"Article 102304"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143048438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

First identification of Brucella melitensis and Rickettsia monacensis in a red fox, Vulpes vulpes 首次在一种红狐中鉴定出梅利氏布鲁氏菌和monacert立克次体

IF 2 3区农林科学 Q4 IMMUNOLOGY

Comparative Immunology Microbiology and Infectious Diseases

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-01-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2025.102315

Rachid Selmi , Hanène Belkahia , Mariem Ben Abdallah , Aymen Mamlouk , Monia Daaloul-Jedidi , Mourad Ben Said , Lilia Messadi

Wild canids, in particular red foxes, serve as potential carriers of zoonotic pathogens. This study aimed to investigate the presence of somepathogenic bacteria relevant to veterinary public health concern. On November 15, 2023, we collected spleen and blood samples from a corpse of a red fox found randomly during a field trip in the El-Jouza district, Beja governorate, northern Tunisia. PCR amplification assays were conducted using specific primers to detect Brucella spp. and major vector-borne bacteria, including Rickettsia, Anaplasma, Borrelia, Bartonella, Coxiella, and hemotropic Mycoplasma. Species identification and genetic characterization were performed through BLAST analysis and phylogenetic studies following the sequencing of the obtained PCR products. DNA of both Brucella melitensis and Rickettsia monacensis was detected in the blood sample. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the identified B. melitensis isolate was clustered with two strains isolated from humans in Mediterranean countries. The R. monacensis isolate was found to be genetically close to a human strain from a South Korea and several isolates infectingIxodes ticks primarily in Europe. This study revealed for the first time the potential infection of red foxes by B. melitensis and R. monacensis. Further research with larger sample sizes is needed to comprehensively understand the range of zoonotic bacteria in wildlife and to develop effective monitoring and control strategies.

野生犬科动物，特别是红狐，是人畜共患病病原体的潜在携带者。本研究旨在调查与兽医公共卫生有关的致病菌的存在情况。2023年11月15日，我们在突尼斯北部贝贾省El-Jouza区进行实地考察时，从随机发现的一具红狐尸体上采集了脾脏和血液样本。采用特异性引物进行PCR扩增，检测布鲁氏菌和主要媒介传播细菌，包括立克次体、无形体、伯氏体、巴尔通体、柯谢氏体和嗜血支原体。在获得的PCR产物测序后，通过BLAST分析和系统发育研究进行物种鉴定和遗传鉴定。在血液样本中检测到布鲁氏菌和monacertsia的DNA。系统发育分析表明，该分离株与从地中海国家人类分离的2株聚类。发现monacensis分离株在遗传上与来自韩国的人类菌株和主要在欧洲感染蜱虫的几个分离株接近。本研究首次揭示了红狐的潜在感染源是白僵菌和莫纳恰氏白僵菌。为了全面了解野生动物中人畜共患细菌的范围并制定有效的监测和控制策略，需要进一步开展更大样本量的研究。

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引用次数: 0