Comparative Immunology Microbiology and Infectious Diseases最新文献_第8页

Beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli in migratory geese at West Texas recreational parks 在西德克萨斯休闲公园的候鸟中产生β -内酰胺酶的大肠杆菌

IF 2 3区农林科学 Q4 IMMUNOLOGY

Comparative Immunology Microbiology and Infectious Diseases

Pub Date : 2025-02-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2025.102320

Yamima Tasnim , Md. Kaisar Rahman , Cherissa Abdul-Hamid , Babafela Awosile

This study aimed to determine the prevalence, and the genomic characteristics of beta-lactamase-Resistant Escherichia coli isolated from the feces of migratory geese at one health interface in West Texas. A descriptive study was conducted. We collected geese feces (n = 165), water (n = 118), and soil (n = 74) from 22 recreational parks in West Texas. We used Chromogenic agar to isolate extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-Resistant-E. coli. We used the whole genome sequencing (WGS) method to determine the genomic characteristics of selected E. coli isolates. Among 357 samples, 12.61 % (95 %CI: 9.34–16.50) were positive for ESBL- Resistant-E. coli. From WGS of 20 E. coli isolates, 19 isolates harbored at least 1 beta-lactamase gene including bla_CTX-M-1, bla_CTX-M-65, bla_CTX-M-14, bla_CTX-M-15, bla_CTX-M-27, bla_CTX-M-55, bla_CTX-M-32, bla_TEM-1A, bla_TEM-1B. Most of the isolates carried genes conferring resistance to tetracyclines-(tet(A), tet(B)), aminoglycosides-(aac(3)-IIa, aph(6)-Id, aph(3′)-Ia, aadA1), sulfonamides-(sul1,sul2), amphenicol-(floR), trimethoprim-(dfrA1, dfrA14, dfrA17) and streptogramin-B(MLSB) agent-(mph(A)). 13 isolates showed chromosomal mutations in the promoter region G of the ampC beta-lactamase gene. We detected sixteen incompatibility plasmid groups and 60 virulence genes, which are related to adherence, exotoxin, invasion, and nutrition/metabolic factors. Genome analysis showed that all isolates were genetically similar to human E. coli isolates. The study showed that migratory geese at recreational parks can be reservoirs of resistant bacteria with diverse serotypes and sequence types of E. coli isolates. Based on the findings, the detection of a multidrug-resistant E. coli strain reinforces the importance of adequate hygiene practices for humans and pet animals after visiting recreational parks.

本研究旨在确定从西德克萨斯州一个卫生界面的候鸟粪便中分离到的耐β -内酰胺酶大肠杆菌的流行率和基因组特征。进行了一项描述性研究。我们从西德克萨斯州的22个休闲公园收集了鹅粪（n = 165）、水（n = 118）和土壤（n = 74）。采用显色琼脂法分离了广谱β -内酰胺酶(ESBL)-Resistant-E。杆菌。我们采用全基因组测序（WGS）方法确定了所选大肠杆菌分离株的基因组特征。在357份样本中，12.61 %(95 %CI: 9.34-16.50) ESBL- Resistant-E阳性。杆菌。从20株大肠杆菌的WGS中，有19株含有至少1个β -内酰胺酶基因，包括blaCTX-M-1、blaCTX-M-65、blaCTX-M-14、blaCTX-M-15、blaCTX-M-27、blaCTX-M-55、blaCTX-M-32、blactm - 1a、blactm - 1b。大多数分离株携带对四环素-(tet(A), tet(B))，氨基糖苷-(aac(3)- iia, aph(6)- id, aph(3 ')- ia, aadA1)，磺胺类-(sul1,sul2)，霉素-(floR)，甲氧苄啶-(dfrA1, dfrA14, dfrA17)和链状gramin-B（MLSB）制剂-(mph(A))具有抗性的基因。13株ampC β -内酰胺酶基因启动子G区出现染色体突变。我们检测到16个不相容质粒组和60个毒力基因，这些基因与粘附、外毒素、入侵和营养/代谢因素有关。基因组分析表明，所有分离株在遗传上与人类大肠杆菌分离株相似。研究表明，游憩公园候鸟可能是多种血清型和序列型大肠杆菌耐药菌的宿主。根据研究结果，多重耐药大肠杆菌菌株的检测强化了人类和宠物在参观娱乐公园后保持适当卫生习惯的重要性。

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引用次数: 0

Prevalence of coccidiosis in broiler chickens in Medea, Algeria 阿尔及利亚美狄亚地区肉鸡球虫病流行情况

IF 2 3区农林科学 Q4 IMMUNOLOGY

Comparative Immunology Microbiology and Infectious Diseases

Pub Date : 2025-02-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2025.102323

Khelouia Amina , Mohamed Sadek Bachene , Oumouna Mustapha , Taha Moussadak Hamdi

This study, investigates the prevalence of Eimeria species in broiler farms in Medea, Algeria. A total of 200 samples were collected from 26 breeding farms across 07 regions in Medea, finding a prevalence rate of 100 %. Five Eimeria species were present in all broiler farms. The results indicated that most fecal samples contained multiple Eimeria species. The decreasing infection rates of Eimeria in the studied broiler farms were: E. Mitis (92,5 %), E. tenella (81 %), E. necatrix (76 %),E. maxima (38,5 %), E. brunetti (22 %),E. acervulina (00 %), and E. praecox (00 %). This indicates that E. mitis is the predominant species in the province of Medea.Histopathological examination of the intestines revealed destruction of epithelial cells caused by the development of the parasite's asexual stages, leading to errosive and hemorrhagic lesions throughout the entire intestine. The mucosa appeared denuded and disrupted, with intense inflammation extending from the lamina propria to the submucosa. Additionally, thickening of the muscularis mucosa was observed, along with broken or fused tips of the villi. These results indicated that the prevalence of coccidiosis is high among the broiler farms in Medea province, North of Algeria. As a conclusion, it seems that the epidemiological situation of poultry coccidiosis in Medea province must be taken into consideration in order to minimize the economic losses caused by this parasitosis.

本研究调查了阿尔及利亚美狄亚肉鸡养殖场艾美耳亚种的流行情况。从美狄亚地区07个地区的26个养殖场共采集了200份样本，发现患病率为100% %。所有肉鸡养殖场均存在5种艾美耳球虫。结果表明，大多数粪便样品含有多种艾美耳球虫。所研究的肉鸡养殖场艾美耳虫感染率下降的依次为：米氏艾美耳虫（92.5% %）、柔嫩艾美耳虫（81% %）、肉芽艾美耳虫（76% %）、肉芽艾美耳虫（76% %）。maxima(38.5 %)，E. brunetti(22 %)；针叶螨（00 %）和早熟螨（00 %）。这表明密螺旋体是美狄亚省的优势种。肠道的组织病理学检查显示，由于寄生虫无性繁殖阶段的发展导致上皮细胞的破坏，导致整个肠道的腐蚀和出血性病变。粘膜出现剥离和破坏，炎症从固有层延伸到粘膜下层。此外，观察到肌层粘膜增厚，绒毛尖端断裂或融合。这些结果表明，球虫病在阿尔及利亚北部美狄亚省肉鸡养殖场的流行率很高。因此，应综合考虑美狄亚省家禽球虫病的流行病学情况，尽量减少该病造成的经济损失。

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引用次数: 0

Epidemiology and genetic diversity of pathogenic Leptospira among Rattus norvegicus in urban residential areas of Guangzhou, Southern China 广州城市居民区褐家鼠致病性钩端螺旋体的流行病学及遗传多样性

IF 2 3区农林科学 Q4 IMMUNOLOGY

Comparative Immunology Microbiology and Infectious Diseases

Pub Date : 2025-02-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2025.102322

Shan-Hong Yi , Dan Xun , Qiao-Ling Lei, Chen-Chen Yang, Jian-Wei Shao

Leptospirosis, a zoonotic disease caused by pathogenic Leptospira spirochetes, poses a significant global public health threat. Rodents, particularly those inhabiting urban environments, are recognized as the primary reservoirs for human infections. Therefore, conducting epidemiological studies on pathogenic Leptospira in urban rodent populations is essential for evaluating the risk of human leptospirosis. In this study, we captured 263 Rattus norvegicus from urban residential areas across five districts in Guangzhou to access the prevalence and genetic diversity of pathogenic Leptospira. Our findings revealed the presence of two pathogenic Leptospira species, L. interrogans and L. borgpetersenii, which are the primary pathogens responsible for human leptospirosis in China, in four of the five districts, with an overall prevalence of 10.3 %. Given the close proximity of R. norvegicus to human populations in urban areas, this significant prevalence of pathogenic Leptospira indicates an elevated risk of leptospirosis outbreaks among residents of Guangzhou. These results highlight the urgent need for ongoing monitoring of pathogenic Leptospira infections in urban rodent populations to prevent and control potential outbreaks of leptospirosis in the city.

钩端螺旋体病是一种由致病性钩端螺旋体引起的人畜共患疾病，对全球公共卫生构成重大威胁。啮齿动物，特别是生活在城市环境中的啮齿动物，被认为是人类感染的主要宿主。因此，开展城市啮齿动物致病性钩端螺旋体的流行病学研究对评估人类钩端螺旋体病的风险至关重要。本研究在广州市5个城区捕获褐家鼠263只，了解致病性钩端螺旋体的流行情况和遗传多样性。结果显示，5个区中有4个区存在两种致病性钩端螺旋体，审问钩端螺旋体和博格彼得钩端螺旋体是中国人类钩端螺旋体病的主要病原体，总流行率为10.3 %。鉴于褐家鼠与城市人群的距离较近，致病性钩端螺旋体的显著流行表明广州居民中钩端螺旋体病暴发的风险较高。这些结果突出表明，迫切需要持续监测城市啮齿动物种群中致病性钩端螺旋体感染，以预防和控制城市中可能发生的钩端螺旋体病暴发。

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引用次数: 0

Severe lamb diarrhea outbreak: Clinical features, identification of the causative agent, and a prophylactic approach 严重羔羊腹泻暴发：临床特征、病原体鉴定和预防方法

IF 2 3区农林科学 Q4 IMMUNOLOGY

Comparative Immunology Microbiology and Infectious Diseases

Pub Date : 2025-02-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2025.102318

Shaimaa El-gbily , Marwa M. Eldokmak , Rasha Diabb , Osama M. Abas , Emad Beshir Ata , Safwat Kamal , Shahenaz M.H. Hassan

Lamb diarrhea is an important problem and has a significance impact on the ovine sector productivity. This study aimed to identify the causative agent related to a severe diarrhea outbreak in neonatal lambs in Egypt. A total number of 30 lambs representing different farms were investigated. Faecal samples were obtained for parasitological, bacteriological, and virological examination. Tissue samples were obtained for histopathology. While blood was obtained for measuring haematological parameters and humeral immune response against the used Entero-3 vaccine®, respectively. The obtained results cleared presence of significant clinical symptoms of diarrhea, dehydration and inflammation of the large intestine which was filled with watery fluid content. Parasitological causative agents were not recorded. Enterococcus sp. was successfully isolated from 30 % of the samples (seven isolates E. faecium and two E. gallinarum) with detection of the Asa and Esp virulence genes. While E. coli was detected in 26.6 % of the cases, they were identified as O124:K72, O111:K58, O78:K80, O26:K60 with successful amplification of the Sta and F5 (K99) virulence genes. The obtained isolates were susceptible to the Amikacin . Using vaccination as a prophylactic approach resulted in decreasing mortality rates with presence of a protective seroconversion rate in the vaccinated animals. The haematological parameters showed presence of neutrophilia and lymphocytosis. Histopathologically, desquamations of the villi’ enterocytes were the most common lesion. In conclusion, this study highlights the roles of bacterial and viral infection in causing severe lamb enteritis and high mortalities which necessitate establishing of ewe’s vaccination programs.

羔羊腹泻是一个重要问题，对畜牧业生产力有重大影响。本研究旨在确定与埃及新生儿羔羊严重腹泻暴发有关的病原体。共调查了代表不同农场的30只羔羊。采集粪便样本进行寄生虫学、细菌学和病毒学检查。取组织标本进行组织病理学检查。同时取血分别测定血液学参数和对Entero-3疫苗®的肱骨免疫反应。所获得的结果明确存在明显的临床症状，如腹泻、脱水和充满水样液体的大肠炎症。寄生虫病原未作记录。从30 %的样品（7株粪肠球菌和2株鸡肠球菌）中成功分离出肠球菌，并检测出Asa和Esp毒力基因。在26.6 %的病例中检出大肠杆菌，分别鉴定为O124:K72、O111:K58、O78:K80、O26:K60，成功扩增了Sta和F5 （K99）毒力基因。所得分离株对阿米卡星敏感。使用疫苗接种作为一种预防方法，在接种疫苗的动物中存在保护性血清转化率，导致死亡率下降。血液学指标显示有嗜中性粒细胞增多和淋巴细胞增多。组织病理学上，绒毛肠细胞脱皮是最常见的病变。总之，本研究强调了细菌和病毒感染在引起羔羊严重肠炎和高死亡率中的作用，因此有必要建立母羊疫苗接种计划。

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引用次数: 0

Antibiotic resistance and molecular typing of duck-derived Escherichia coli isolates 鸭源性大肠杆菌的耐药性和分子分型

IF 2 3区农林科学 Q4 IMMUNOLOGY

Comparative Immunology Microbiology and Infectious Diseases

Pub Date : 2025-02-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2025.102321

Hongyan Dong , Shanyuan Zhu , Dongyu Zheng , Caoyu Fei , Zhi Wu , Shuang Wu , Anping Wang , Shengqing Yu

Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) causes severe economic losses in duck farms through complex, frequent infections and secondary infections. In this study, 73 suspected E. coli strains were isolated from diseased ducks of three provinces in China during 2019–2020, and identified using polymerase chain reaction. The O serotypes, drug susceptibility and molecular subtyping of the strains were also analyzed. The results showed that 9 of the 73 strains belong to classical APEC serotypes, including 1 serotype O1 strain, 2 serotype O2 strains, 2 serotype O18 strains, and 4 serotype O78 strains. Antibiotic susceptibility testing indicated that 69/73 (94.52 %) strains were sensitive to polymyxin B, but less than 6/73 (8.22 %) strains were sensitive to clindamycin, kanamycin, amoxicillin and tetracycline. All strains were multidrug-resistant. Pulsed field gel electrophoresis clustering analysis revealed that these strains shared over 50 % similarity of the band patterns, with seven groups showing 100 % similarity among themselves. Notably, strains from Jiangsu and Jiangxi provinces in 2019 had 100 % similarity in certain groups, with some strains showing identical resistance profiles. Additionally, isolates from Anhui and Jiangsu provinces across different years also exhibited 100 % similarity, suggesting potential cross-province transmission. In summary, the 73 duck-derived E. coli isolates exhibited strong antibiotic resistance and a broad resistance profile, with genotypes showing polymorphic distribution and epidemiological relevance. The 100 % similarity among some strains within and between provinces underscores the need for epidemiological investigation to inform effective prevention and control measures.

禽致病性大肠杆菌（APEC）通过复杂、频繁的感染和继发感染给养鸭场造成严重的经济损失。本研究从2019-2020年中国3省病鸭中分离到73株疑似大肠杆菌，采用聚合酶链反应对其进行鉴定。并分析了该菌株的O血清型、药物敏感性和分子分型。结果表明，73株菌株中有9株属于APEC经典血清型，其中O1型1株，O2型2株，O18型2株，O78型4株。药敏试验结果显示，对多粘菌素B敏感的菌株69/73(94.52 %)，对克林霉素、卡那霉素、阿莫西林和四环素敏感的菌株不足6/73（8.22 %）。所有菌株均具有多重耐药。脉冲场凝胶电泳聚类分析显示，这些菌株的带型相似度超过50 %，其中7个菌株之间的相似度为100 %。值得注意的是，2019年江苏和江西的菌株在某些群体中具有100% %的相似性，有些菌株表现出相同的抗性谱。此外，安徽和江苏两省不同年份的分离株也表现出100 %的相似性，表明可能存在跨省传播。总之，73株鸭源性大肠杆菌分离株表现出较强的抗生素耐药性和广泛的耐药谱，基因型表现出多态性分布和流行病学相关性。一些菌株在省内和省间的相似性为100% %，这表明需要进行流行病学调查，以便为有效的预防和控制措施提供信息。

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引用次数: 0

Primarily molecular detection and phylogenetic analyses of spotted fever group Rickettsia species in cats in Türkiye: With new host reports of Rickettsia aeschlimannii, Rickettsia slovaca, and Candidatus Rickettsia barbariae <s:1>基耶岛猫斑点热群立克次体的主要分子检测和系统发育分析：有新的宿主报告为艾氏立克次体、斯洛伐克立克次体和野蛮立克次体候选体

IF 2 3区农林科学 Q4 IMMUNOLOGY

Comparative Immunology Microbiology and Infectious Diseases

Pub Date : 2025-02-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2025.102319

Ufuk Erol , Omer Faruk Sahin , Osman Furkan Urhan , Melih Gazi Genc , Kursat Altay

Domestic cats are companion animals that live with people in their households or outdoors, and strong relationships exist between cats and humans. However, this animal is also a host/reservoir of zoonotic pathogens, including Rickettsia species. In Türkiye, cat ownership has increased over the years, but there is a lack of data on the pathogens in cats. In this study, 396 cat blood samples were collected from different parts of Türkiye, and these samples were investigated for Rickettsia species with PCR assay. In addition, DNA sequences were performed for species identification and phylogenetic analyses of detected Rickettsia species. 24 out of 396 cat blood samples (6.06 %) were found to be infected with Rickettsia species. The DNA sequence analyses of all PCR-positive samples were done, and Ri. aeschlimannii was identified in 17 samples, Ri. slovaca in four, Candidatus Rickettsia barbariae in two, and Ri. raoultii in one sample. The phylogenetic analyses of obtained DNA from the above-mentioned species were performed. The sequence data belonging to the species were uploaded to the GenBank, and accession numbers for Rickettsia aeschlimannii (PP998242-PP998258), Ri. slovaca (PP998259-PP998262), Candidatus Rickettsia barbariae (PP998263-PP998264), and Ri. raoultii (PP998265) were taken. This result provides the first molecular detection of Ri. aeschlimannii, Ri. slovaca, Candidatus Rickettsia barbariae, and Ri. raoultii in Türkiye. Moreover, the DNA of Ri. aeschlimannii, Ri. slovaca, and Candidatus Rickettsia barbariae were identified in cat blood samples for the first time in the world, and the cats were a new host for these Rickettsia species. Detailed studies are, however, needed to determine the pathogenicity, biological characteristics, and vectors of these Rickettsia species in this new host.

家猫是一种伴侣动物，与人一起生活在家里或户外，猫和人之间存在着牢固的关系。然而，这种动物也是人畜共患病原体的宿主/宿主，包括立克次体。在泰国，养猫的人数近年来有所增加，但缺乏关于猫身上病原体的数据。本研究采集了396份猫立克次体（rkiye）不同部位的血液样本，采用PCR法检测立克次体的种类。此外，对检测到的立克次体进行了物种鉴定和系统发育分析。在396份猫血样本中发现24份（6.06 %）感染立克次体。对所有pcr阳性样本进行DNA序列分析，Ri。在17份样品中鉴定出埃氏曼氏菌。4个是斯洛伐克菌，2个是野蛮立克次体候选菌，Ri。Raoultii在一个样本中。对上述物种获得的DNA进行了系统发育分析。将该种属的序列数据上传到GenBank，埃氏立克次体（pp998242 ~ pp998258）， Ri；（PP998259-PP998262），（PP998263-PP998264）；取raoultii （PP998265）。这一结果首次提供了Ri的分子检测。aeschlimannii, Ri。野蛮立克次体候选菌和李氏菌。raoultii in trkiye。此外，Ri的DNA。aeschlimannii, Ri。猫血标本中首次检出了slovaca、Candidatus rickettia barbariia，猫是这两种立克次体的新宿主。然而，需要进行详细的研究来确定这些立克次体物种在这个新宿主中的致病性、生物学特性和媒介。

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引用次数: 0

Prevalence, genetic diversity, and zoonotic potential of Giardia duodenalis in New and Old World Camelids: A comparative systematic review and meta-analysis 贾第鞭毛虫在新旧世界骆驼中的流行、遗传多样性和人畜共患潜力：一项比较系统回顾和荟萃分析

IF 2 3区农林科学 Q4 IMMUNOLOGY

Comparative Immunology Microbiology and Infectious Diseases

Pub Date : 2025-02-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2025.102316

Mina Mamizadeh , Ali Pouryousef , Mohammad Reza Mohammadi , Mohammadreza Hafezi Ahmadi , Hassan Nourmohammadi , Ali Asghari

This study aimed to review and analyze the prevalence, genetic diversity, and zoonotic potential of Giardia duodenalis in New World Camelids (NWCs) and Old World Camelids (OWCs), highlighting geographic and host-related variations. The statistical analyses were conducted using CMA software to estimate pooled prevalence rates. Heterogeneity was evaluated with the I² statistic, and sensitivity analysis tested pooled prevalence after removing certain studies. Meta-regression examined the association between G. duodenalis prevalence in camelids and factors like publication year and sample size. Subgroup analyses investigated prevalence variations based on countries, continents, WHO regions, publication years, diagnostic methods, and sample sizes. A total of 22 studies/23 datasets were included, with eight on NWCs and 15 on OWCs, covering 5008 camelids across nine countries. The weighted G. duodenalis prevalence in camelids was 8.7 % (95 % CI: 5.6–13.3), with NWCs at 10.3 % (95 % CI: 3–29.7) and OWCs at 9.1 % (95 % CI: 6.7–12.2). Geographical analyses revealed the highest prevalence of G. duodenalis in South America (40.4 %) and the AMR WHO region (10.8 %), with notable rates in Peru (40.4 %) and Iraq (11.9 %). Sensitivity analysis showed that prevalence rates remain robust, unaffected by study exclusions. Neither the year of study nor sample size influenced infection rates in camelids. The identification of zoonotic assemblages A and E, and zoonotic sub-assemblage AI in camelids, is of public health significance. These insights enhance our understanding of G. duodenalis epidemiology in camelids, underscoring the need for ongoing surveillance and research regarding their effects on human and animal health.

本研究旨在回顾和分析贾第虫在新世界和旧世界Camelids （NWCs）中的流行情况、遗传多样性和人畜共患的可能性，重点介绍地理和宿主相关的差异。使用CMA软件进行统计分析，以估计合并患病率。采用I²统计量评估异质性，并在剔除某些研究后进行敏感性分析。荟萃回归检验了十二指肠十二指肠杆菌在骆驼科动物中的流行与出版年份和样本量等因素之间的关系。亚组分析调查了基于国家、大洲、世卫组织区域、出版年份、诊断方法和样本量的患病率差异。共纳入22项研究/23个数据集，其中8项关于NWCs， 15项关于OWCs，涵盖9个国家的5008只骆驼。十二指肠棘球蚴在骆驼群中的加权患病率为8.7 %(95 % CI: 5.6-13.3)， nwc为10.3 %(95 % CI: 3-29.7)， OWCs为9.1 %（95 % CI: 6.7-12.2）。地理分析显示，南美洲和AMR - WHO区域十二指肠十二指肠螺杆菌患病率最高，分别为40.4% %和10.8% %，秘鲁（40.4% %）和伊拉克（11.9% %）的患病率最高。敏感性分析显示，患病率保持稳定，不受研究排除的影响。研究年份和样本量对骆驼的感染率都没有影响。鉴定骆驼人畜共患病组合A和E以及人畜共患病亚组合AI具有重要的公共卫生意义。这些见解增强了我们对骆驼中十二指肠梭菌流行病学的理解，强调了对其对人类和动物健康的影响进行持续监测和研究的必要性。

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引用次数: 0

First report on the seroprevalence of Egg Drop Syndrome Virus-76 in laying hen flocks in Algeria 阿尔及利亚产蛋综合征病毒76在蛋鸡群中血清流行率的首次报道

IF 2 3区农林科学 Q4 IMMUNOLOGY

Comparative Immunology Microbiology and Infectious Diseases

Pub Date : 2025-02-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2025.102317

Omar Salhi , Samia Ameziane , Mohamed Rahal , Mustapha Nabi , Meriem Tahraoui , Chafik Redha Messaï , Aziz Lounas , Nassim Ouchene , Nadjet Amina Khelifi Touhami

Egg Drop Syndrome (EDS-76), caused by an avian hemagglutinating adenovirus, results in economic losses by reducing egg production and eggshell quality. This study investigated EDS-76 occurrence in 35 Algerian commercial laying hen flocks (10,000–150,000 birds, aged 24–62 weeks), identified risk factors, and assessed diagnostic methods. A total of 1400 birds were sampled, and their serum was analyzed using indirect ELISA to evaluate seroprevalence and contributing factors. Out of 35 tested flocks, 19 (54.28 %) were seropositive. Highest prevalence (48.57 %, p < 0.01) was observed in summer. Significant strain differences were observed (p < 0.01), with ISA Brown showing the highest prevalence (42.85 %) and Hy-line the lowest (14.28 %). Higher bird density per cage (>5 birds) was associated with increased prevalence (85.71 %, p < 0.0001), as was inadequate hygiene (65.71 %, p < 0.001). Vaccination had a protective effect, reducing prevalence (40 % vs. 73.33 %, p < 0.0001). High mortality rates (>5 %) and severe (>40 %) or prolonged (>3 weeks) egg-laying drops significantly increased risk (p < 0.03). Abnormal eggshell quality was strongly linked to high prevalence (80 %, p < 0.0001). Timing of egg-laying drops also mattered, with the peak laying period showing the highest prevalence (57.14 %, p < 0.04). To prevent and manage EDS-76, it is crucial to enhance biosecurity and hygiene, reduce bird density, implement tailored vaccination programs, and conduct regular serological surveillance. Optimized management during summer, farmer awareness, and targeted national policies will help minimize economic losses and improve productivity in commercial laying hen flocks.

蛋降综合征（EDS-76）是一种由禽血凝腺病毒引起的疾病，它通过降低产蛋量和蛋壳质量而造成经济损失。本研究调查了35个阿尔及利亚商品蛋鸡群（10,000-150,000只，24-62周龄）中EDS-76的发生情况，确定了危险因素，并评估了诊断方法。采用间接ELISA法对1400只禽鸟进行血清分析，分析其血清阳性率及其影响因素。在35只检测鸡群中，19只（54.28 %）呈血清阳性。夏季患病率最高（48.57 %,p <； 0.01）。菌株间差异显著（p <； 0.01），其中ISA Brown感染率最高（42.85 %），Hy-line感染率最低（14.28 %）。较高的鸟笼密度（>；5只）与患病率增加相关（85.71 %,p <； 0.0001），卫生条件不充分（65.71 %,p <； 0.001）。疫苗接种具有保护作用，降低患病率（40 % vs. 73.33 %,p <； 0.0001）。高死亡率（>5 %）和严重（>40 %）或长时间（>；3周）产蛋下降显著增加了风险（p <； 0.03）。蛋壳质量异常与高患病率密切相关（80 %,p <； 0.0001）。产蛋下降的时间也很重要，产蛋高峰期患病率最高（57.14 %,p <； 0.04）。为了预防和管理EDS-76，必须加强生物安全和卫生，降低鸟类密度，实施有针对性的疫苗接种计划，并定期进行血清学监测。优化夏季管理、农民意识和有针对性的国家政策将有助于最大限度地减少经济损失并提高商品蛋鸡群的生产力。

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引用次数: 0

Listeria monocytogenes from different sources: The serotyping, genotyping, virulotyping, and antibiotic susceptibilities of the recovered isolates 不同来源单核细胞增生李斯特菌的血清分型、基因分型、病毒分型和抗生素敏感性

IF 2 3区农林科学 Q4 IMMUNOLOGY

Comparative Immunology Microbiology and Infectious Diseases

Pub Date : 2025-02-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2025.102314

Emre Karakaya , Fuat Aydin , Kadir Semih Gümüşsoy , Tuba Kayman , Özgür Güran , Cansu Güran , Doğancan Yarim , Enes Said Gündüz , Seçil Abay

It was aimed at serotyping, genotyping, determining various virulence genes, and investigating antibiotic susceptibilities of Listeria monocytogenes isolates recovered from different sources in the current study. For this purpose, a total of 70 L. monocytogenes isolates including 22 chicken, 20 fish, 18 sheep, and 10 cattle origin were used. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) was performed for serotyping and analysis of virulence genes of the isolates, and also Enterobacterial Repetitive Intergenic Consensus (ERIC)-PCR was performed for the genotyping. In addition, it was determined the susceptibilities of the isolates against nine different antibiotics via the disk diffusion method. As a result of serotyping, the most detected serogroup in analyzed L. monocytogenes isolates was 1/2a-3a (44.3 %), and but the least detected serogroup 1/2b-3b-7 (11.4 %). ERIC-PCR results revealed a total of 18 different patterns. All isolates were positive for the presence of inlA, inlB, inlC, iap, prfA, actA, hly, plcA, plcB and mpl virulence genes tested. The prevalence of the actA gene in isolates was determined as 70 %. Antibiotic resistance was detected against six antibiotics, and high resistance to oxacillin (80 %) and ciprofloxacin (65.7 %) in the isolates. Furthermore, the rate of multi-drug resistance in L. monocytogenes isolates was 28.5 % (20/70). In conclusion, the present study showed that the sources may pose a potential health risk, according to obtained data on the virulence gene prevalence, serogroup distribution, high genetic heterogeneity, and antibiotic resistance profiles of L. monocytogenes isolates from different sources.

本研究旨在对从不同来源分离的单核细胞增生李斯特菌进行血清分型、基因分型、各种毒力基因测定和抗生素敏感性研究。为此，共70个 L。其中鸡22株，鱼20株，羊18株，牛10株。采用聚合酶链式反应（PCR）进行血清分型和毒力基因分析，并采用肠杆菌重复基因间一致性(ERIC)-PCR进行基因分型。此外，采用纸片扩散法测定了菌株对9种不同抗生素的敏感性。血清分型结果显示，单核增生乳杆菌分离株中检出最多的血清组为1/2a-3a(44.3% %)，检出最少的血清组为1/2b-3b-7（11.4% %）。ERIC-PCR结果共显示18种不同的模式。所有菌株均检测出inlA、inlB、inlC、iap、prfA、actA、hly、plcA、plcB和mpl毒力基因阳性。actA基因在分离株中的流行率为70 %。检出对6种抗生素耐药，其中对oxacillin（80 %）和环丙沙星（65.7 %）耐药较高。单核增生乳杆菌多药耐药率为28.5 %（20/70）。总之，根据不同来源单核增生乳杆菌分离株的毒力基因流行率、血清群分布、高遗传异质性和抗生素耐药谱等数据，本研究表明，这些来源可能构成潜在的健康风险。

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引用次数: 0

First identification of Brucella melitensis and Rickettsia monacensis in a red fox, Vulpes vulpes 首次在一种红狐中鉴定出梅利氏布鲁氏菌和monacert立克次体

IF 2 3区农林科学 Q4 IMMUNOLOGY

Comparative Immunology Microbiology and Infectious Diseases

Pub Date : 2025-01-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2025.102315

Rachid Selmi , Hanène Belkahia , Mariem Ben Abdallah , Aymen Mamlouk , Monia Daaloul-Jedidi , Mourad Ben Said , Lilia Messadi

Wild canids, in particular red foxes, serve as potential carriers of zoonotic pathogens. This study aimed to investigate the presence of somepathogenic bacteria relevant to veterinary public health concern. On November 15, 2023, we collected spleen and blood samples from a corpse of a red fox found randomly during a field trip in the El-Jouza district, Beja governorate, northern Tunisia. PCR amplification assays were conducted using specific primers to detect Brucella spp. and major vector-borne bacteria, including Rickettsia, Anaplasma, Borrelia, Bartonella, Coxiella, and hemotropic Mycoplasma. Species identification and genetic characterization were performed through BLAST analysis and phylogenetic studies following the sequencing of the obtained PCR products. DNA of both Brucella melitensis and Rickettsia monacensis was detected in the blood sample. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the identified B. melitensis isolate was clustered with two strains isolated from humans in Mediterranean countries. The R. monacensis isolate was found to be genetically close to a human strain from a South Korea and several isolates infectingIxodes ticks primarily in Europe. This study revealed for the first time the potential infection of red foxes by B. melitensis and R. monacensis. Further research with larger sample sizes is needed to comprehensively understand the range of zoonotic bacteria in wildlife and to develop effective monitoring and control strategies.

野生犬科动物，特别是红狐，是人畜共患病病原体的潜在携带者。本研究旨在调查与兽医公共卫生有关的致病菌的存在情况。2023年11月15日，我们在突尼斯北部贝贾省El-Jouza区进行实地考察时，从随机发现的一具红狐尸体上采集了脾脏和血液样本。采用特异性引物进行PCR扩增，检测布鲁氏菌和主要媒介传播细菌，包括立克次体、无形体、伯氏体、巴尔通体、柯谢氏体和嗜血支原体。在获得的PCR产物测序后，通过BLAST分析和系统发育研究进行物种鉴定和遗传鉴定。在血液样本中检测到布鲁氏菌和monacertsia的DNA。系统发育分析表明，该分离株与从地中海国家人类分离的2株聚类。发现monacensis分离株在遗传上与来自韩国的人类菌株和主要在欧洲感染蜱虫的几个分离株接近。本研究首次揭示了红狐的潜在感染源是白僵菌和莫纳恰氏白僵菌。为了全面了解野生动物中人畜共患细菌的范围并制定有效的监测和控制策略，需要进一步开展更大样本量的研究。

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引用次数: 0