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Frames and Issue Linkage: EU Trade Policy in the Geoeconomic Turn 框架与问题联系:地缘经济转向中的欧盟贸易政策
IF 3.1 1区 社会学 Q1 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2024-04-17 DOI: 10.1111/jcms.13598
Andrea Christou, Chad Damro

Trading actors like the European Union (EU) are increasingly seen as geopoliticising trade policy, but such assertions may not capture the extent to which the Directorate General for Trade (DG Trade) uses this policy to achieve security objectives. This article investigates changes over time in justifications for trade policy by differentiating between how the EU and DG Trade use frames – articulated in four EU trade strategies with two DG Trade strategic plans and 10 annual management plans – to propose solutions in response to the geoeconomic turn. This article finds that, whilst DG Trade's discourse continues to reflect the dominant market liberal frame, geopoliticising pressures are encouraging the emergence of an EU counter-frame linking trade to non-trade issues and a reframing of the counter-frame that increasingly links trade and security policy. As a result, the EU's framing of trade policy resembles deep geopoliticisation, whilst DG Trade's framing resembles reluctant geopoliticisation.

像欧盟(EU)这样的贸易行为体越来越多地被视为地缘政治化的贸易政策,但这种说法可能无法反映贸易总署(DG Trade)在多大程度上利用这一政策来实现安全目标。本文通过区分欧盟和贸易总司如何利用欧盟四项贸易战略、贸易总司两项战略计划和十项年度管理计划所阐述的框架来提出应对地缘经济转向的解决方案,从而研究贸易政策的理由随着时间的推移而发生的变化。本文发现,虽然贸易总司的论述继续反映了占主导地位的市场自由框架,但地缘政治化的压力正在鼓励欧盟反框架的出现,将贸易与非贸易问题联系起来,并重新构建反框架,将贸易与安全政策日益联系起来。因此,欧盟的贸易政策框架类似于深度地缘政治化,而贸易总司的框架则类似于不情愿的地缘政治化。
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引用次数: 0
Geopolitical EU? The EU's Wartime Assistance to Ukraine 地缘政治欧盟?欧盟对乌克兰的战时援助
IF 2.2 1区 社会学 Q1 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2024-04-17 DOI: 10.1111/jcms.13613
Elisabeth Johansson‐Nogués, Francesca Leso
This article explores the European Union's (EU's) assistance to Ukraine through the lens of critical geopolitics with a view to ascertaining whether the EU has become more geopolitical in its thinking and actions towards Eastern Europe. Our findings point to a mixed picture. Whilst the EU ‘mindscape’ appears to have shifted in relation to Eastern Europe, Ukraine and itself as an actor in the region, it is less apparent that the EU's foreign and security policy action has become geopoliticised. The 2022 Russian invasion has certainly seen a step change from the hesitant and self‐conscious approach that characterised the EU's engagement with Eastern Europe prior to 2022. However, declarations such as that by the High Representative and Vice President of the European Commission (HRVP) around the ‘birth of geopolitical Europe’ appear to be somewhat premature, as there is limited evidence at this stage that the EU is willing to provide leadership on the geospatial (re)ordering of the region.
本文从批判地缘政治学的视角探讨了欧洲联盟(欧盟)对乌克兰的援助,以期确定欧盟在对东欧的思考和行动中是否变得更具地缘政治性。我们的研究结果喜忧参半。虽然欧盟对东欧、乌克兰以及欧盟本身作为该地区行为体的 "思维模式 "似乎发生了转变,但欧盟外交和安全政策行动的地缘政治化却不那么明显。2022 年俄罗斯的入侵无疑改变了欧盟在 2022 年之前与东欧接触时的犹豫不决和自我意识。然而,欧盟委员会高级代表兼副主席(HRVP)围绕 "地缘政治欧洲的诞生 "所做的声明似乎有些言之过早,因为现阶段只有有限的证据表明欧盟愿意在该地区的地缘空间(重新)排序方面发挥领导作用。
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引用次数: 0
The Geoeconomic Turn of the Single European Market? Conceptual Challenges and Empirical Trends 欧洲单一市场的地缘经济转向?概念挑战与经验趋势
IF 3.1 1区 社会学 Q1 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2024-04-14 DOI: 10.1111/jcms.13591
Anna Herranz-Surrallés, Chad Damro, Sandra Eckert

The nature of global economic interactions is undergoing profound changes. Rising concerns over the security and strategic implications of economic interdependence are leading to what is often defined as a ‘geoeconomic world order’. In framing this Special Issue, this article sets a common conceptual ground to assess whether, how and why the single European market is experiencing such a geoeconomic turn and how EU responses are shaping other international actors in the process. It develops a research agenda to examine (i) the systemic pressures pushing towards geoeconomic responses, (ii) the internal drivers and processes determining the nature of the EU's geoeconomic turn (what we term ‘shades of geopoliticisation’) and (iii) the external consequences of the EU's embrace of geoeconomics. The analytical discussion is complemented by an overview of empirical trends, drawing examples from the various fields of market integration and European policy-making covered in the contributions to this Special Issue.

全球经济互动的性质正在发生深刻变化。人们日益关注经济相互依存对安全和战略的影响,这导致了通常被定义为 "地缘经济世界秩序 "的出现。在确定本特刊的框架时,本文设定了一个共同的概念基础,以评估欧洲单一市场是否、如何以及为何正在经历这样的地缘经济转向,以及欧盟的应对措施在这一过程中如何影响其他国际行为体。文章制定了一个研究议程,以考察:(i) 推动地缘经济反应的系统压力;(ii) 决定欧盟地缘经济转向性质的内部驱动力和过程(我们称之为 "地缘政治化的阴影");(iii) 欧盟拥抱地缘经济的外部后果。分析性讨论辅以对经验趋势的概述,并从本特刊所涉及的市场一体化和欧洲政策制定的各个领域举例说明。
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引用次数: 0
A Turn to Export‐Led Growth? Rethinking the Growth Models in Greece and Portugal 转向出口导向型增长?反思希腊和葡萄牙的增长模式
IF 2.2 1区 社会学 Q1 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2024-04-11 DOI: 10.1111/jcms.13611
Konstantinos Myrodias
The global financial crisis in 2007 and, more recently, the Covid‐19 pandemic renewed interest in capitalist divergence and the evolution of growth models in the Eurozone. The varieties of capitalism (VoC) approach and more recently post‐Keynesian research, especially the growth model (GM) perspective, have made important contributions to comparative political economy. However, the focus on either the ‘supply‐side’ or ‘demand‐side’ aspects of modern models of capitalism has offered a limited framework to explain capitalist diversity in the global economy. This article brings insights from both the VoC and GM perspectives and provides a more comprehensive understanding of the evolution of the growth models in Greece and Portugal. The argument is that although both countries implemented internal devaluation and contractionary policies to curtail domestic demand and transform their economies into export‐led ones, they have been stuck in a suppressed demand‐led growth model since the global financial crisis.
2007 年的全球金融危机和最近的 Covid-19 大流行重新激发了人们对欧元区资本主义分化和增长模式演变的兴趣。资本主义的多样性(VoC)方法以及最近的后凯恩斯主义研究,特别是增长模式(GM)观点,为比较政治经济学做出了重要贡献。然而,对现代资本主义模式的 "供给方 "或 "需求方 "的关注为解释全球经济中的资本主义多样性提供了一个有限的框架。本文从 "供给侧 "和 "需求侧 "两个视角提出见解,对希腊和葡萄牙增长模式的演变提供了更全面的理解。本文的论点是,尽管这两个国家都实施了内部贬值和紧缩政策,以抑制国内需求并将其经济转型为出口导向型经济,但自全球金融危机以来,这两个国家一直停留在抑制需求的增长模式上。
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引用次数: 0
The European Union's Regulatory Power: Refining and Illustrating the Concept With the Case of the Transfer of EU Geographical Indication Rules to Japan 欧盟的监管权:以欧盟向日本转让地理标志规则为例完善和说明这一概念
IF 2.2 1区 社会学 Q1 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2024-04-08 DOI: 10.1111/jcms.13579
Anke Kennis, Xiyin Liu
The European Union's (EU) regulatory power is an increasing focus of scholarly attention, but the lack of a consistent definition leaves room for refinement. Studies investigating the EU's role as a global regulatory actor yield different interpretations, some viewing the EU as a global market regulator, some as a power residing in the trade–regulatory nexus and others as a law‐making entity that creates widely emulated rules. This article refines the definition of the EU's regulatory power by presenting a conceptual framework for better understanding the EU's regulatory actorness, encompassing its ends and means as a general regulator and/or a regulatory power. Using the proposed framework to analyse the transfer of EU geographical indication (GI) rules to Japan, this study finds that the EU's regulatory power is particularly conditioned on the interest constellation between the EU and a third country. Regarding the EU's goal of exercising regulatory power, interest promotion seems to take priority over rule exporting or norm sharing.
欧洲联盟(欧盟)的监管力量日益成为学术界关注的焦点,但由于缺乏一致的定义,因此还有待完善。对欧盟作为全球监管者的角色进行调查的研究得出了不同的解释,有的认为欧盟是全球市场的监管者,有的认为欧盟是贸易与监管关系中的一种力量,还有的认为欧盟是一个制定广泛效仿规则的法律实体。本文完善了欧盟监管权的定义,提出了一个概念框架,以更好地理解欧盟的监管行为,包括其作为一般监管者和/或监管权的目的和手段。本研究利用所提出的框架分析了欧盟向日本转让地理标志(GI)规则的情况,发现欧盟的监管权尤其取决于欧盟与第三国之间的利益关系。关于欧盟行使监管权的目标,利益促进似乎优先于规则输出或规范共享。
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引用次数: 0
Collective Memory and the Stalling of European Integration: Generational Dynamics and the Crisis of European Leadership 集体记忆与欧洲一体化的停滞:代际动力与欧洲领导力危机
IF 2.2 1区 社会学 Q1 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2024-04-07 DOI: 10.1111/jcms.13584
Peter J. Verovšek
The project of European integration has been battered by repeated crises since the turn of the second millennium. However, in contrast to earlier periods in its history, when it responded to difficulties by adding new competencies to its repertoire of powers, since 2000, the deepening of integration has stalled. This article addresses why this is happening – and why this is happening now, 70 years after the foundation of the European Communities – using the paradigm of collective memory. More specifically, I argue that generational dynamics are crucial for understanding development of European integration. I identify and analyse the memories of three cohorts of leaders: the ‘founders’ of the 1950s, the ‘deepeners’ of the 1980s and 1990s and the current generation of ‘sceptics’. Based on this analysis, I conclude that debates about the European Union's (EU's) finalité politique should be set aside until a younger, more pro-European cohort of leaders has come to power.
进入第二个千年以来,欧洲一体化项目屡遭危机打击。然而,自 2000 年以来,一体化的深化却停滞不前。本文利用集体记忆的范式来探讨为什么会出现这种情况,以及为什么在欧洲共同体成立 70 年后的今天出现这种情况。更具体地说,我认为代际动态对于理解欧洲一体化的发展至关重要。我确定并分析了三代领导人的记忆:20 世纪 50 年代的 "奠基人"、20 世纪 80 年代和 90 年代的 "深化者 "以及当代的 "怀疑论者"。基于这一分析,我得出结论:在更年轻、更亲欧的一批领导人上台之前,关于欧盟政治终局的辩论应暂且搁置。
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引用次数: 0
Tackling Unintended Consequences of EU Sanctions: NGOs' Advocacy for Humanitarian Exceptions 应对欧盟制裁的意外后果:非政府组织倡导人道主义例外
IF 2.2 1区 社会学 Q1 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2024-04-05 DOI: 10.1111/jcms.13606
Simone Manfredi, Marlene Jugl
Sanctions are increasingly prominent foreign policy tools, but research on the policy process that leads to specific sanction design is limited. Sanctions can have unintended effects on the provision of humanitarian aid in sanctioned countries, which has led to calls for humanitarian exceptions in sanction design. This study focuses on non‐governmental organizations' (NGOs) advocacy for a humanitarian perspective on European Union (EU) sanctions in the period 2020–2021. Building on the Advocacy Coalition Framework and the triangulation of qualitative data sources including interviews and document analysis, this study describes an advocacy coalition of humanitarian NGOs in Brussels, their advocacy strategies and the effectiveness of these strategies. The analysis highlights the coalition's common policy beliefs and documents three advocacy strategies: coalition building, knowledge leadership and lobbying. The analysis then traces the link between these strategies and recent policy changes, namely, clearer European Commission guidelines on the implementation of humanitarian derogations. This policy change was further facilitated by policy brokers and an external shock, the Covid‐19 pandemic. The findings shed light on an understudied design feature of sanctions, i.e., humanitarian exceptions, and on the role of non‐governmental actors in shaping sanction designs.
制裁是日益突出的外交政策工具,但对导致具体制裁设计的政策过程的研究却很有限。制裁可能会对受制裁国家提供人道主义援助产生意想不到的影响,因此有人呼吁在制裁设计中将人道主义作为例外。本研究重点关注非政府组织(NGOs)在 2020-2021 年期间倡导从人道主义角度看待欧盟(EU)制裁的情况。本研究以倡导联盟框架(Advocacy Coalition Framework)为基础,通过对定性数据源(包括访谈和文件分析)进行三角测量,描述了布鲁塞尔的人道主义非政府组织倡导联盟、其倡导策略以及这些策略的有效性。分析强调了该联盟的共同政策理念,并记录了三种宣传策略:建立联盟、知识领导和游说。然后,分析追溯了这些战略与近期政策变化之间的联系,即欧盟委员会关于实施人道主义减损的更明确的指导方针。政策经纪人和外部冲击(Covid-19 大流行病)进一步推动了这一政策变化。研究结果揭示了一个未被充分研究的制裁设计特点,即人道主义例外情况,以及非政府行为者在形成制裁设计中的作用。
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引用次数: 0
Trust Matters in the Single Market, but How? Analysing Trust Amongst European Financial Supervisors 单一市场中的信任问题,但如何解决?欧洲金融监管机构之间的信任分析
IF 2.2 1区 社会学 Q1 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2024-04-02 DOI: 10.1111/jcms.13608
Esther Versluis, Niklas Michel, Aneta Spendzharova
European regulatory co-operation has become essential for the smooth operation of the single market, and this in turn requires trust. In the case of the European Union (EU) ‘Undertakings for Collective Investment in Transferable Securities’ (UCITS) Directive, for example, the member states' financial supervisory authorities rely on each other to provide a harmonised regime for the sale of investment funds across the EU. Funds authorised in one member state can be sold freely in another member state without further authorisation. The national authorities need to trust each other to ensure a consistent application of EU law. Yet we know very little about how trust matters from the perspective of member state regulators. In this article, we provide a better understanding of the relevant components of trust in the single market in financial services through an in-depth case study of an EU network of national financial market supervisory authorities.
欧洲监管合作对单一市场的平稳运行至关重要,而这反过来又需要信任。以欧盟的 "可转让证券集体投资企业"(UCITS)指令为例,各成员国的金融监管机构相互依赖,为在欧盟范围内销售投资基金提供统一的制度。在一个成员国获得授权的基金可以在另一个成员国自由销售,无需进一步授权。各国监管机构需要相互信任,以确保欧盟法律的一致适用。然而,从成员国监管机构的角度来看,我们对信任的重要性知之甚少。在本文中,我们将通过对欧盟国家金融市场监管机构网络的深入案例研究,更好地理解金融服务单一市场中信任的相关要素。
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引用次数: 0
The Third Democratic Transformation: From European to Planetary Politics 第三次民主变革:从欧洲政治到行星政治
IF 2.2 1区 社会学 Q1 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2024-03-17 DOI: 10.1111/jcms.13589
Kalypso Nicolaidis

This contribution to the symposium explores one aspect of the arrival of planetary politics under the broad label of the third democratic transformation, a transformation unfolding now at all levels of governance, from the local to the global through the regional, in spite of the anti-democratic forces at play around the world. This article starts by exploring the new frontier of normative power Europe in a post-colonial key, arguing that the European Union can serve as a laboratory for such a democratic transformation, around four interrogations related to claims of decentring, doubting, experimenting and decolonising. It then offers a descriptive-normative typology of the core attributes of the third democratic transformation observable in numerous signs and practices both in Europe and around the world through a sixfold evolution, namely, trans-temporal, transnational, trans-modal, trans-local, trans-scalar and, across all these, translational. It concludes on the conditions of possibility for this transformation.

尽管世界各地都有反民主力量在起作用,但第三次民主转型这一广泛标签下的行星政治正在各个治理层面展开,从地方到全球再到地区。本文首先探讨了后殖民时期欧洲规范权力的新前沿,围绕去殖民化、怀疑、实验和去殖民化等四个方面的主张,论证了欧盟可以作为这种民主转型的实验室。然后,它通过六方面的演变,即跨时空、跨国家、跨模式、跨地方、跨尺度和跨所有这些方面的翻译,对第三次民主变革的核心属性进行了描述性-规范性的分类,这些核心属性可在欧洲和世界各地的众多标志和实践中观察到。本报告最后探讨了这一转变的可能性条件。
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引用次数: 0
Correction to “Gouvernement Économique, but Not Like in the 1990s: The Commission and the ECB's Policies Advancing the ‘Green Transition’” 对 "经济政府,但不像 20 世纪 90 年代:委员会和欧洲央行推进'绿色转型'的政策"
IF 3.1 1区 社会学 Q1 ECONOMICS Pub Date : 2024-03-15 DOI: 10.1111/jcms.13610

Spendzharova, A. (2023) Gouvernement Économique, but Not Like in the 1990s: The Commission and the ECB's Policies Advancing the ‘Green Transition’. JCMS: Journal of Common Market Studies, 61: 136146. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcms.13541

[… and NGEU accounts for €806.9 million to supplement the regular EU budget. Furthermore, NGEU funding has been earmarked to top up the following MFF budgetary headings (in order of magnitude of the contribution): ‘Cohesion, Resilience and Values’ – €426.7 million (+ €776.5 from NGEU); ‘Natural Resources and Environment’ – €401 million (+ 18.9 from NGEU); and ‘Single Market, Innovation and Digital’ – €149.5 (+ €11.5 from NGEU).]

In the two sentences above ‘million’ should be ‘billion’, and the sentences should read:

‘… and NGEU accounts for €806.9 billion to supplement the regular EU budget. Furthermore, NGEU funding has been earmarked to top up the following MFF budgetary headings (in order of magnitude of the contribution): ‘Cohesion, Resilience and Values' – €426.7 billion (+ €776.5 billion from NGEU); ‘Natural Resources and Environment’ – €401 billion (+ 18.9 billion from NGEU); and ‘Single Market, Innovation and Digital’ – €149.5 billion (+ €11.5 billion from NGEU).’

We apologize for this error.

Spendzharova, A. (2023) Gouvernement Économique, but Not Like in the 1990s:The Commission and the ECB's Policies Advancing the 'Green Transition'.JCMS:https://doi.org/10.1111/jcms.13541[......,NGEU 占欧盟常规预算的 8.069 亿欧元。此外,国家性别平等股的资金还被指定用于补充下列多年筹资框架预算项目(按捐款额度排序):在上述两句中,'百万'应为'亿',句子应为:'......国家性别平等基金占 8,069 亿欧元,用于补充欧盟正常预算。此外,国家性别平等股的资金已被指定用于补充下列多年筹资框架预算项目(按捐款额大小排序):凝聚力、复原力和价值观"--4267 亿欧元(+ 7 765 亿欧元来自 NGEU);"自然资源和环境"--4010 亿欧元(+ 189 亿欧元来自 NGEU);以及 "单一市场、创新和数字"--1 495 亿欧元(+ 115 亿欧元来自 NGEU)。
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引用次数: 0
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Jcms-Journal of Common Market Studies
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