{"title":"Single book review for new technology, work and employment 2023 make bosses pay: Why we need unions By EveLivingston, London: Pluto Press. 2021. pp. 160. £9.99","authors":"Iona Byford","doi":"10.1111/ntwe.12292","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ntwe.12292","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51550,"journal":{"name":"New Technology Work and Employment","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2024-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140560362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shevchuk, A., Strebkov, D. & Tyulyupo, A. (2021) Always on across time zones: invisible schedules in the online gig economy. New Technology, Work and Employment, 36(1), 94–113.
The authors acknowledge the contribution made by Asya Karaseva and Maria Momzikova to the development of the topic of zone-related inequality in Russia, as presented in the article ‘Time Zones and Synchronous Telecommunications: The Hidden Work on Temporal Coordination among Citizens of the Far East of Russia’.
Karaseva A. & Momzikova M. (2019) Time zones and synchronous telecommunications: the hidden work on temporal coordination among citizens of the Far East of Russia. Etnograficheskoe obozrenie (3), 42–61. DOI: 10.31857/S086954150005295-4.
We apologize for this error.
Shevchuk, A., Strebkov, D. & Tyulyupo, A. (2021) Always on across time zones: invisible schedules in the online gig economy.作者感谢 Asya Karaseva 和 Maria Momzikova 在 "时区和同步电信：Karaseva A. & Momzikova M. (2019) Time zones and synchronous telecommunications: the hidden work on temporal coordination among citizens of the Far East of Russia.Etnograficheskoe obozrenie (3)，42-61。DOI: 10.31857/S086954150005295-4.We apologize for this error.
{"title":"Correction to ‘Always on across time zones: Invisible schedules in the online gig economy’","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/ntwe.12289","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ntwe.12289","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Shevchuk, A., Strebkov, D. & Tyulyupo, A. (2021) Always on across time zones: invisible schedules in the online gig economy. <i>New Technology, Work and Employment</i>, 36(1), 94–113.</p>\u0000<p>The authors acknowledge the contribution made by Asya Karaseva and Maria Momzikova to the development of the topic of zone-related inequality in Russia, as presented in the article ‘Time Zones and Synchronous Telecommunications: The Hidden Work on Temporal Coordination among Citizens of the Far East of Russia’.</p>\u0000<p>Karaseva A. & Momzikova M. (2019) Time zones and synchronous telecommunications: the hidden work on temporal coordination among citizens of the Far East of Russia. <i>Etnograficheskoe obozrenie</i> (3), 42–61. DOI: 10.31857/S086954150005295-4.</p>\u0000<p>We apologize for this error.</p>","PeriodicalId":51550,"journal":{"name":"New Technology Work and Employment","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2024-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139903923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper provides a historical comparison of the introduction of the moving assembly line at Ford Motor factories in the early 20th century, with the development of transportation platforms in the 21st century. The paper pushes back against the argument that either of these cases was based upon technological innovation, arguing that in neither case was new technology developed, but rather existing machinery was made use of. The paper argues that each case was built upon the reorganisation of the labour process, to increase the control that capital held over the labour process, increase the intensity of work and increase the levels of exploitation and surplus value extraction that workers are subjected to. By demonstrating this, it removes the technological façade that contemporary platforms hide behind, showing that they do not represent a qualitative break from the past, but rather the repackaging of old forms of work intensification.
{"title":"The assembly line at Ford and transportation platforms: A historical comparison of labour process reorganisation","authors":"Carl Hughes","doi":"10.1111/ntwe.12288","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ntwe.12288","url":null,"abstract":"This paper provides a historical comparison of the introduction of the moving assembly line at Ford Motor factories in the early 20th century, with the development of transportation platforms in the 21st century. The paper pushes back against the argument that either of these cases was based upon technological innovation, arguing that in neither case was new technology developed, but rather existing machinery was made use of. The paper argues that each case was built upon the reorganisation of the labour process, to increase the control that capital held over the labour process, increase the intensity of work and increase the levels of exploitation and surplus value extraction that workers are subjected to. By demonstrating this, it removes the technological façade that contemporary platforms hide behind, showing that they do not represent a qualitative break from the past, but rather the repackaging of old forms of work intensification.","PeriodicalId":51550,"journal":{"name":"New Technology Work and Employment","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2024-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139679215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alain Klarsfeld, Kevin Carillo, Gaëlle Cachat-Rosset, Tania Saba, Josianne Marsan
After decades of slow diffusion, the acceptance of telework has dramatically accelerated during the pandemic crisis, becoming a mainstream work practice. However, little is still known on the impact of telework design on employee stress, particularly when stress is high due to a major health crisis, at a time when it is crucial that organizations help buffer it. Using the welfare regime literature, we study the effects of telework demands/resources factors on stress and the moderating effects of gender in more or less egalitarian welfare regimes, during a pandemic crisis. Analyzing data collected from 4602 respondents in France and Quebec, we find that telework demands (family interference with work, organizational isolation, emotional isolation) impact stress positively in both welfare regimes. We also find that the gender stress gap is higher in a more gender-inegalitarian welfare regime than in a more gender-egalitarian welfare regime. Men's and women's stress is not impacted in the same manner in the two contexts studies. Contributions to research and practice are discussed, along with limitations and potential future research avenues.
{"title":"Does the welfare regime impact the telework gender stress gap?","authors":"Alain Klarsfeld, Kevin Carillo, Gaëlle Cachat-Rosset, Tania Saba, Josianne Marsan","doi":"10.1111/ntwe.12287","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ntwe.12287","url":null,"abstract":"After decades of slow diffusion, the acceptance of telework has dramatically accelerated during the pandemic crisis, becoming a mainstream work practice. However, little is still known on the impact of telework design on employee stress, particularly when stress is high due to a major health crisis, at a time when it is crucial that organizations help buffer it. Using the welfare regime literature, we study the effects of telework demands/resources factors on stress and the moderating effects of gender in more or less egalitarian welfare regimes, during a pandemic crisis. Analyzing data collected from 4602 respondents in France and Quebec, we find that telework demands (family interference with work, organizational isolation, emotional isolation) impact stress positively in both welfare regimes. We also find that the gender stress gap is higher in a more gender-inegalitarian welfare regime than in a more gender-egalitarian welfare regime. Men's and women's stress is not impacted in the same manner in the two contexts studies. Contributions to research and practice are discussed, along with limitations and potential future research avenues.","PeriodicalId":51550,"journal":{"name":"New Technology Work and Employment","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139414455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The knowledge that workers have of the systems they work under is an outcome of strategic choices by platforms and by workers themselves. Based on three initiatives undertaken by food distribution workers in Scotland, this article explores the obstacles that platform workers face when conducting inquiries into their systems of control, and investigates the potential for workers to overcome these obstacles through collaborative research projects. By drawing analogies from the history of workers' inquiries into changing labour processes, the article evaluates these three initiatives in light of previous efforts by workers to monitor complex and concealed management structures. It offers a new concept of ‘worker data science’ to describe the techniques, skills and methods that workers require to arrive at answers to questions that emerge through their inquiries, and concludes that such purposive science has the potential to equip workers to support one another and to resist and challenge some of the commands and calculations that emerge from platforms' hidden algorithmic systems.
{"title":"Digital worker inquiry and the critical potential of participatory worker data science for on-demand platform workers","authors":"Cailean Gallagher, Karen Gregory, Boyan Karabaliev","doi":"10.1111/ntwe.12286","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ntwe.12286","url":null,"abstract":"The knowledge that workers have of the systems they work under is an outcome of strategic choices by platforms and by workers themselves. Based on three initiatives undertaken by food distribution workers in Scotland, this article explores the obstacles that platform workers face when conducting inquiries into their systems of control, and investigates the potential for workers to overcome these obstacles through collaborative research projects. By drawing analogies from the history of workers' inquiries into changing labour processes, the article evaluates these three initiatives in light of previous efforts by workers to monitor complex and concealed management structures. It offers a new concept of ‘worker data science’ to describe the techniques, skills and methods that workers require to arrive at answers to questions that emerge through their inquiries, and concludes that such purposive science has the potential to equip workers to support one another and to resist and challenge some of the commands and calculations that emerge from platforms' hidden algorithmic systems.","PeriodicalId":51550,"journal":{"name":"New Technology Work and Employment","volume":"73 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138825934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article deals with collective issues and emerging forms of solidarity in remote crowd work. Using the example of the Amazon Mechanical Turk platform, we analyse communication in one of the oldest online labour forums (OLF) with a mixed-methods-approach (web scraping, topic modelling and qualitative content analysis) over a 10-year period. We identify six broader themes of collective relevance whose importance varies over time. The results indicate that elements of solidarity emerge as crowd workers communicate about deprivations, develop collective orientations, and invoke injustice frames. However, there are no indications of more profound collective activities, which may be due to different types of crowd workers, some of whom have conflicting orientations. We develop assumptions about restrictions of OLF in facilitating collective action and tasks for organisers. The research contributes to a better understanding of mobilisation issues in remote platform labour.
文章探讨了远程人群工作中的集体问题和新出现的团结形式。我们以亚马逊 Mechanical Turk 平台为例，采用混合方法（网络搜索、主题建模和定性内容分析）分析了一个历史最悠久的在线劳动力论坛（OLF）在 10 年间的交流情况。我们确定了与集体相关的六大主题，其重要性随时间而变化。研究结果表明，在人群工作者就贫困问题进行交流、发展集体定向和援引不公正框架的过程中，出现了团结的元素。然而，没有迹象表明出现了更深刻的集体活动，这可能是由于人群工作者的类型不同，其中一些人的取向相互冲突。我们对开放式论坛在促进集体行动方面的限制和组织者的任务进行了假设。这项研究有助于更好地理解远程平台劳工的动员问题。
{"title":"Solidarity and collective issues in remote crowd work: A mixed methods study of the Amazon Mechanical Turk online forum","authors":"Markus Hertwig, Manuel Holz, Philipp Lorig","doi":"10.1111/ntwe.12285","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ntwe.12285","url":null,"abstract":"The article deals with collective issues and emerging forms of solidarity in remote crowd work. Using the example of the Amazon Mechanical Turk platform, we analyse communication in one of the oldest online labour forums (OLF) with a mixed-methods-approach (web scraping, topic modelling and qualitative content analysis) over a 10-year period. We identify six broader themes of collective relevance whose importance varies over time. The results indicate that elements of solidarity emerge as crowd workers communicate about deprivations, develop collective orientations, and invoke injustice frames. However, there are no indications of more profound collective activities, which may be due to different types of crowd workers, some of whom have conflicting orientations. We develop assumptions about restrictions of OLF in facilitating collective action and tasks for organisers. The research contributes to a better understanding of mobilisation issues in remote platform labour.","PeriodicalId":51550,"journal":{"name":"New Technology Work and Employment","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2023-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138568040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article analyses the effects of digital labour platforms in a context characterised by high informality, exploring the way platforms may or may not imply a disruption in this respect. To do so, it examines the labour transitions that lead to platform labour, taking into account the formal status of workers before and after joining platforms, as well as their evaluation of resulting labour conditions. The article relies on a quantitative survey and in depth interviews for three on‐demand occupations in the Buenos Aires Metropolitan Area, ride‐hailing, home repairs and domestic service. Results show that a platform's influence on the formal status of workers (and their assessment of it) is highly contingent upon: the platform's business model, including the legal status that may be used to integrate the workforce, the pre‐existing formal/informal dynamics within the occupation and the general labour market situation.
{"title":"Platform labour in contexts of high informality: Any improvement for workers? A critical assessment based on the case of Argentina","authors":"Sonia Filipetto, Ariela Micha, Francisca Pereyra, Cecilia Poggi, Martín Trombetta","doi":"10.1111/ntwe.12283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ntwe.12283","url":null,"abstract":"The article analyses the effects of digital labour platforms in a context characterised by high informality, exploring the way platforms may or may not imply a disruption in this respect. To do so, it examines the labour transitions that lead to platform labour, taking into account the formal status of workers before and after joining platforms, as well as their evaluation of resulting labour conditions. The article relies on a quantitative survey and in depth interviews for three on‐demand occupations in the Buenos Aires Metropolitan Area, ride‐hailing, home repairs and domestic service. Results show that a platform's influence on the formal status of workers (and their assessment of it) is highly contingent upon: the platform's business model, including the legal status that may be used to integrate the workforce, the pre‐existing formal/informal dynamics within the occupation and the general labour market situation.","PeriodicalId":51550,"journal":{"name":"New Technology Work and Employment","volume":"70 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2023-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138529481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jennifer. J. O'Neil, Britta. H. Heidl, Andrew Bratton, Andreas Vossler, Naomi Moller
Drawing on emotional labour theory, this paper explores the barriers to emotionally complex telework, with a specific focus on the space, interface and pace of work. We examine the working lives of mental health counsellors who adapted from in-person delivery to online delivery whilst working from home, during the Covid-19 pandemic. Our qualitative data set comprises of semi-structured online interviews with 31 counsellors across the United Kingdom. Findings reveal that boundary issues, increased technical interruptions, increased screen time and associated fatigue, and increased contact-ability due to digitalisation were key barriers to conducting emotionally complex tasks and exacerbated the emotional labour of participants creating more negative outcomes. This resulted in heightened emotion management in the home space, emotional dissonance, stress and in some cases, burn-out.
{"title":"The emotional labour of teleworkers conducting online counselling during Covid-19.","authors":"Jennifer. J. O'Neil, Britta. H. Heidl, Andrew Bratton, Andreas Vossler, Naomi Moller","doi":"10.1111/ntwe.12284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ntwe.12284","url":null,"abstract":"Drawing on emotional labour theory, this paper explores the barriers to emotionally complex telework, with a specific focus on the space, interface and pace of work. We examine the working lives of mental health counsellors who adapted from in-person delivery to online delivery whilst working from home, during the Covid-19 pandemic. Our qualitative data set comprises of semi-structured online interviews with 31 counsellors across the United Kingdom. Findings reveal that boundary issues, increased technical interruptions, increased screen time and associated fatigue, and increased contact-ability due to digitalisation were key barriers to conducting emotionally complex tasks and exacerbated the emotional labour of participants creating more negative outcomes. This resulted in heightened emotion management in the home space, emotional dissonance, stress and in some cases, burn-out.","PeriodicalId":51550,"journal":{"name":"New Technology Work and Employment","volume":"242 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2023-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138529555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Algorithms are usually regarded as fixed objects. In contrast, the article conceptualises and analyses the (social) construction of algorithmic management. By means of interviews, ethnography and analyses of chats, two allocation algorithms in platform-mediated courier work are examined. Different levels of algorithm construction are identified and a conceptual framework is developed to analyse the connections between the workers' technological frames, theories and practices. It is shown that the couriers develop theories about the algorithms' mode of operation based on their assumptions and experiences, and that their practices are guided by these theories. As a result, it becomes apparent how workers develop false theories about the algorithms' mechanisms due to their opacity, which effectively disciplines their actions. However, the paper further describes how the ontogenetic nature of algorithms gives workers limited but existing agency in their interactions with technologies.
{"title":"The social construction of algorithms: A reassessment of algorithmic management in food delivery gig work","authors":"Heiner Heiland","doi":"10.1111/ntwe.12282","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ntwe.12282","url":null,"abstract":"Algorithms are usually regarded as fixed objects. In contrast, the article conceptualises and analyses the (social) construction of algorithmic management. By means of interviews, ethnography and analyses of chats, two allocation algorithms in platform-mediated courier work are examined. Different levels of algorithm construction are identified and a conceptual framework is developed to analyse the connections between the workers' technological frames, theories and practices. It is shown that the couriers develop theories about the algorithms' mode of operation based on their assumptions and experiences, and that their practices are guided by these theories. As a result, it becomes apparent how workers develop false theories about the algorithms' mechanisms due to their opacity, which effectively disciplines their actions. However, the paper further describes how the ontogenetic nature of algorithms gives workers limited but existing agency in their interactions with technologies.","PeriodicalId":51550,"journal":{"name":"New Technology Work and Employment","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2023-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138529486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Progress towards pay equity between men and women in the Australian economy stalled during the COVID‐19 pandemic, highlighting once again the gendered impact of the pandemic. However, little is known about the impact of the pandemic on the gender pay gap in the platform economy. Drawing on data from an Australian survey of platform workers ( n = 947) during the early months of the pandemic (2020), this research investigates how the pandemic impacted the gender pay gap across different platform types—care, delivery and driving, microwork, and marketplace—and the platform economy overall. The findings show that the gendered segregated nature of platform work compounded by the uneven impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on particular types of platform work increased the pay gap between men and women. This research also sought to examine the mechanisms behind the gender pay gap, finding that human capital differences and platform gender segregation largely explain the gender pay gap on platforms in Australia. There was an association between parenthood and earnings, but this is moderated by human capital and platform type, suggesting that differences in earnings amongst parents are explained by these factors. The research finds that the gender gap across the platform economy increased by five percentage points, indicating that the gendered impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic also affected the platform economy.
{"title":"The gender pay platform gap during the COVID‐19 pandemic and the role of platform gender segregation in Australia","authors":"Brendan Churchill","doi":"10.1111/ntwe.12281","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ntwe.12281","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Progress towards pay equity between men and women in the Australian economy stalled during the COVID‐19 pandemic, highlighting once again the gendered impact of the pandemic. However, little is known about the impact of the pandemic on the gender pay gap in the platform economy. Drawing on data from an Australian survey of platform workers ( n = 947) during the early months of the pandemic (2020), this research investigates how the pandemic impacted the gender pay gap across different platform types—care, delivery and driving, microwork, and marketplace—and the platform economy overall. The findings show that the gendered segregated nature of platform work compounded by the uneven impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on particular types of platform work increased the pay gap between men and women. This research also sought to examine the mechanisms behind the gender pay gap, finding that human capital differences and platform gender segregation largely explain the gender pay gap on platforms in Australia. There was an association between parenthood and earnings, but this is moderated by human capital and platform type, suggesting that differences in earnings amongst parents are explained by these factors. The research finds that the gender gap across the platform economy increased by five percentage points, indicating that the gendered impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic also affected the platform economy.","PeriodicalId":51550,"journal":{"name":"New Technology Work and Employment","volume":"26 14","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135868587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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