Pub Date : 2022-10-04DOI: 10.1080/09557571.2022.2130666
Abdulaziz A. Alotaibi
{"title":"Victor Jonathan Willi, The Fourth Ordeal: a history of the Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt, 1968-2018","authors":"Abdulaziz A. Alotaibi","doi":"10.1080/09557571.2022.2130666","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09557571.2022.2130666","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51580,"journal":{"name":"Cambridge Review of International Affairs","volume":"35 1","pages":"933 - 936"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44957388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-30DOI: 10.1080/09557571.2022.2126746
Thomas Kwasi Tieku, Jarle Trondal, Stefan Gänzle
Although international organisations (IOs) are created by governments, their international public administrations (IPAs) have succeeded in ring-fencing their resources, and policymaking from direct intervention by member states. Research shows that international civil servants are best able to protect their autonomy when embedded in large and well-resourced IPAs. Staff in large IOs use their huge size, bureaucratic complexities, and different behavioural logics to protect their autonomy and thereby leave a ‘ bureaucratic footprint ’ in international affairs. Whereas the behavioural logics of large IPAs, mostly headquartered in the Global North, are reasonably well-documented, not much has been written on behavioural logics of international civil servants embedded in small secretariats. We seek to address the gap using the African Union Commission (AUC) staff. Drawing insights from organisational theory and mixed research methods, including the first ever comprehensive survey of AUC staff, the study finds that the AUC staff primarily evoke a departmental behavioural logic. In the absence of departmental logics, the preference of AUC staff is to take on supranational, transnational, and lastly intergovernmental persona. The reluctance of AUC staff to evoke intergovernmental logic is surprising given that the AUC is embedded in an intergovernmental governance architecture.
{"title":"The behavioural logics of international public servants: the case of African Union Commission staff","authors":"Thomas Kwasi Tieku, Jarle Trondal, Stefan Gänzle","doi":"10.1080/09557571.2022.2126746","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09557571.2022.2126746","url":null,"abstract":"Although international organisations (IOs) are created by governments, their international public administrations (IPAs) have succeeded in ring-fencing their resources, and policymaking from direct intervention by member states. Research shows that international civil servants are best able to protect their autonomy when embedded in large and well-resourced IPAs. Staff in large IOs use their huge size, bureaucratic complexities, and different behavioural logics to protect their autonomy and thereby leave a ‘ bureaucratic footprint ’ in international affairs. Whereas the behavioural logics of large IPAs, mostly headquartered in the Global North, are reasonably well-documented, not much has been written on behavioural logics of international civil servants embedded in small secretariats. We seek to address the gap using the African Union Commission (AUC) staff. Drawing insights from organisational theory and mixed research methods, including the first ever comprehensive survey of AUC staff, the study finds that the AUC staff primarily evoke a departmental behavioural logic. In the absence of departmental logics, the preference of AUC staff is to take on supranational, transnational, and lastly intergovernmental persona. The reluctance of AUC staff to evoke intergovernmental logic is surprising given that the AUC is embedded in an intergovernmental governance architecture.","PeriodicalId":51580,"journal":{"name":"Cambridge Review of International Affairs","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43045270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-01DOI: 10.1080/09557571.2023.2205684
A. Ghanizadeh
ition as it is found in the West – and create a platform to challenge notions of international responsibilities historically or symbolically attached to the West and to reframe them according to non-Western visions. Finally, the resurgence of populist nationalism in Western countries as a considerable political force presents a challenge to the protection of human rights, due to the will to prioritise narrow nationalistic interests over the promotion of an agenda of global responsibilities. It is also for this reason that Ukraine has had difficulties to find allies in some quarters of the globe where these populist nationalists rose to power. The example of the Russian invasion of Ukraine within the parameters presented by Glanville is just one illustration of how ‘Sharing Responsibility’s argument may enter in a dialogue with the most pressing issues in international politics at the moment, in a more and more politically, economically, ideologically and technologically polarised world, and with the research agenda of IR scholars concerned with a number of issues. One can clearly see that Glanville’s significant contribution to the R2P literature will provide important tools to those interested in researching on topics dealing with the future of R2P, such as the impact of climate change on atrocity prevention, the nexus between the Women, Peace and Security agenda and R2P, and the interface between R2P and peace operations whose doctrine, strategies and practices are going through significant changes at the moment.
{"title":"The Invention of International Order: Remaking Europe after Napoleon","authors":"A. Ghanizadeh","doi":"10.1080/09557571.2023.2205684","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09557571.2023.2205684","url":null,"abstract":"ition as it is found in the West – and create a platform to challenge notions of international responsibilities historically or symbolically attached to the West and to reframe them according to non-Western visions. Finally, the resurgence of populist nationalism in Western countries as a considerable political force presents a challenge to the protection of human rights, due to the will to prioritise narrow nationalistic interests over the promotion of an agenda of global responsibilities. It is also for this reason that Ukraine has had difficulties to find allies in some quarters of the globe where these populist nationalists rose to power. The example of the Russian invasion of Ukraine within the parameters presented by Glanville is just one illustration of how ‘Sharing Responsibility’s argument may enter in a dialogue with the most pressing issues in international politics at the moment, in a more and more politically, economically, ideologically and technologically polarised world, and with the research agenda of IR scholars concerned with a number of issues. One can clearly see that Glanville’s significant contribution to the R2P literature will provide important tools to those interested in researching on topics dealing with the future of R2P, such as the impact of climate change on atrocity prevention, the nexus between the Women, Peace and Security agenda and R2P, and the interface between R2P and peace operations whose doctrine, strategies and practices are going through significant changes at the moment.","PeriodicalId":51580,"journal":{"name":"Cambridge Review of International Affairs","volume":"36 1","pages":"456 - 461"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45217057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-21DOI: 10.1080/09557571.2022.2106822
J. Gaskarth
Abstract Assuming office as UK Foreign Secretary in 2010, William Hague asserted a desire to pursue an ‘activist foreign policy’. Despite studies into Hague’s period in office, the significance of this phrase and its implications for Hague’s diplomacy have been overlooked. This article plugs that gap. It suggests ‘activist foreign policy’ merges two separate and potentially conflicting practices, namely, activism and diplomacy. Using insights from the practice turn, we examine two policies of Hague’s tenure: his promotion of the Prevention of Sexual Violence Initiative (PSVI), 2012–2014 and his diplomatic response to the Syria conflict, 2011–2014. Exploring these cases highlights the creative potential of merging practices, but also the extent to which they can conflict in ways that provoke resistance from other participants. The article concludes that policymakers looking to merge practices need to be aware of the underlying logic of behaviours and actions within each practice to transpose them successfully.
{"title":"William Hague’s activist foreign policy: the perils of merging practices","authors":"J. Gaskarth","doi":"10.1080/09557571.2022.2106822","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09557571.2022.2106822","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Assuming office as UK Foreign Secretary in 2010, William Hague asserted a desire to pursue an ‘activist foreign policy’. Despite studies into Hague’s period in office, the significance of this phrase and its implications for Hague’s diplomacy have been overlooked. This article plugs that gap. It suggests ‘activist foreign policy’ merges two separate and potentially conflicting practices, namely, activism and diplomacy. Using insights from the practice turn, we examine two policies of Hague’s tenure: his promotion of the Prevention of Sexual Violence Initiative (PSVI), 2012–2014 and his diplomatic response to the Syria conflict, 2011–2014. Exploring these cases highlights the creative potential of merging practices, but also the extent to which they can conflict in ways that provoke resistance from other participants. The article concludes that policymakers looking to merge practices need to be aware of the underlying logic of behaviours and actions within each practice to transpose them successfully.","PeriodicalId":51580,"journal":{"name":"Cambridge Review of International Affairs","volume":"36 1","pages":"532 - 550"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44799267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-09DOI: 10.1080/09557571.2022.2107328
C. Braun
International Relations in the Middle East, edited by Shahram Akbarzadeh, 23–45. London: Routledge. Mazrui, A. A. 1986a. The Africans: A Triple Heritage (BBC/PBS). Boston, MA: Little, Brown & Co. Mazrui, A. A. 1986b. The Africans: A Triple Heritage. Boston, MA: Little, Brown & Co. Mazrui, A. A. 1990. Cultural Forces in World Politics. London: James Currey. McCourt, David. M, and Brent. J. Steele. 2017. “World of Our Making and SecondGeneration Constructivism.” In The Art of World-Making: Nicholas Greenwood Onuf and His Critics, edited by Harry D. Gould, 1–13. Abingdon: Routledge. Reus-Smit, Christian. 1999. “The Moral Purpose of the State: Culture.” Social Identity, and Institutional Rationality in International Relations. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. Ruggie, John Gerard. 1998. Constructing the World Polity: Essays on International Institutionalization. London: Routledge. Wendt, Alexander. 1992. “Anarchy is What States Make of It: The Social Construction of Power Politics.” International Organization 46 (2): 391–425.
{"title":"Just and unjust uses of limited Force: a moral argument with contemporary illustrations.","authors":"C. Braun","doi":"10.1080/09557571.2022.2107328","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09557571.2022.2107328","url":null,"abstract":"International Relations in the Middle East, edited by Shahram Akbarzadeh, 23–45. London: Routledge. Mazrui, A. A. 1986a. The Africans: A Triple Heritage (BBC/PBS). Boston, MA: Little, Brown & Co. Mazrui, A. A. 1986b. The Africans: A Triple Heritage. Boston, MA: Little, Brown & Co. Mazrui, A. A. 1990. Cultural Forces in World Politics. London: James Currey. McCourt, David. M, and Brent. J. Steele. 2017. “World of Our Making and SecondGeneration Constructivism.” In The Art of World-Making: Nicholas Greenwood Onuf and His Critics, edited by Harry D. Gould, 1–13. Abingdon: Routledge. Reus-Smit, Christian. 1999. “The Moral Purpose of the State: Culture.” Social Identity, and Institutional Rationality in International Relations. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. Ruggie, John Gerard. 1998. Constructing the World Polity: Essays on International Institutionalization. London: Routledge. Wendt, Alexander. 1992. “Anarchy is What States Make of It: The Social Construction of Power Politics.” International Organization 46 (2): 391–425.","PeriodicalId":51580,"journal":{"name":"Cambridge Review of International Affairs","volume":"35 1","pages":"766 - 768"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49666473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-09DOI: 10.1080/09557571.2022.2106820
M. Hurst
Abstract The efforts of the Soviet authorities to suppress political opposition are widely known, utilising psychiatry to ‘treat’ political dissidents and the widespread, state-endorsed persecution of religious believers. These human rights violations often became flashpoints in the Cold War, shaping international relations and offering a moral weapon through which the Soviet Union could be attacked. Given the tightly controlled nature of information in the Soviet bloc, how did academics, journalists, and politicians in Britain know about this persecution? How could information obtained on the position of political dissidents be trusted in the West, and how did it end up influencing those in positions of power? Given recent events in Russia, understanding the historic response to human rights violations in the Cold War offers the space to reflect on contemporary concerns. This article argues that parallels can be drawn between human rights concerns in the Soviet and post-Soviet world, and that understanding historic case studies can offer insight into the efforts of contemporary activists. Alongside this, it argues that the efforts of activists in Britain need to be considered in order to understand the way in which human rights issues in Russia are understood, placing these concerns into an international context.
{"title":"Crossing the curtain: British activists and the echoes of soviet dissent in contemporary Russian human rights activism","authors":"M. Hurst","doi":"10.1080/09557571.2022.2106820","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09557571.2022.2106820","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The efforts of the Soviet authorities to suppress political opposition are widely known, utilising psychiatry to ‘treat’ political dissidents and the widespread, state-endorsed persecution of religious believers. These human rights violations often became flashpoints in the Cold War, shaping international relations and offering a moral weapon through which the Soviet Union could be attacked. Given the tightly controlled nature of information in the Soviet bloc, how did academics, journalists, and politicians in Britain know about this persecution? How could information obtained on the position of political dissidents be trusted in the West, and how did it end up influencing those in positions of power? Given recent events in Russia, understanding the historic response to human rights violations in the Cold War offers the space to reflect on contemporary concerns. This article argues that parallels can be drawn between human rights concerns in the Soviet and post-Soviet world, and that understanding historic case studies can offer insight into the efforts of contemporary activists. Alongside this, it argues that the efforts of activists in Britain need to be considered in order to understand the way in which human rights issues in Russia are understood, placing these concerns into an international context.","PeriodicalId":51580,"journal":{"name":"Cambridge Review of International Affairs","volume":"36 1","pages":"513 - 531"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49597085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-09DOI: 10.1080/09557571.2022.2108761
Nina C. Krickel-Choi
{"title":"State personhood and ontological security as a framework of existence: moving beyond identity, discovering sovereignty","authors":"Nina C. Krickel-Choi","doi":"10.1080/09557571.2022.2108761","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09557571.2022.2108761","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51580,"journal":{"name":"Cambridge Review of International Affairs","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59531970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-08DOI: 10.1080/09557571.2022.2106821
Chin-Hao Huang
{"title":"The unintended consequences of US deep engagement in the South China Sea","authors":"Chin-Hao Huang","doi":"10.1080/09557571.2022.2106821","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09557571.2022.2106821","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51580,"journal":{"name":"Cambridge Review of International Affairs","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48154167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-05DOI: 10.1080/09557571.2022.2107326
J. Rodriguez, C. Thornton
Abstract The contributions to this special issue take a Global South perspective rooted in the long experiences of Latin American countries with international organisation, laws and norms. Contributors explore how the weaker, poorer, and presumed subordinate Latin American states have contributed to and challenged the construction and development of today’s Liberal International Order (LIO). The articles in this special issue ask what Latin American experiences in different domains and historical periods can tell us about the LIO as it now fractures and reconstitutes. The core argument among these essays is that, despite inherent contradictions and tensions, Latin American engagements with the LIO have attempted to level the playing field and prevent the reinforcement of existing international hierarchies. The contributions to this special issue demonstrate that Latin American actors were not mere norm-takers and passive supporters of the LIO. Latin American actors have often sought to hold the leaders of the LIO to their own promises. They have insisted that the rules of a rules-based order should apply not just to the poor, weak or indebted but to the rich, strong and powerful as well.
{"title":"The liberal international order and the global south: a view from Latin America","authors":"J. Rodriguez, C. Thornton","doi":"10.1080/09557571.2022.2107326","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09557571.2022.2107326","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The contributions to this special issue take a Global South perspective rooted in the long experiences of Latin American countries with international organisation, laws and norms. Contributors explore how the weaker, poorer, and presumed subordinate Latin American states have contributed to and challenged the construction and development of today’s Liberal International Order (LIO). The articles in this special issue ask what Latin American experiences in different domains and historical periods can tell us about the LIO as it now fractures and reconstitutes. The core argument among these essays is that, despite inherent contradictions and tensions, Latin American engagements with the LIO have attempted to level the playing field and prevent the reinforcement of existing international hierarchies. The contributions to this special issue demonstrate that Latin American actors were not mere norm-takers and passive supporters of the LIO. Latin American actors have often sought to hold the leaders of the LIO to their own promises. They have insisted that the rules of a rules-based order should apply not just to the poor, weak or indebted but to the rich, strong and powerful as well.","PeriodicalId":51580,"journal":{"name":"Cambridge Review of International Affairs","volume":"35 1","pages":"626 - 638"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49392807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-19DOI: 10.1080/09557571.2022.2059633
Niyousha Bastani, Italo Brandimarte
{"title":"Letter from the editors","authors":"Niyousha Bastani, Italo Brandimarte","doi":"10.1080/09557571.2022.2059633","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09557571.2022.2059633","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":51580,"journal":{"name":"Cambridge Review of International Affairs","volume":"35 1","pages":"265 - 266"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48518754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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