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Tunable catalytic release of nitric oxide via copper-loaded coatings on titanium nanotubes for regulating biological performance 钛纳米管载铜涂层可调谐催化释放一氧化氮调节生物性能
Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1049/bsb2.12060
Zhiyong Li, Lu Zhang, Lei Zhou, Xin Li, Yuancong Zhao, Jin Wang

Severe lesions in vessels need to be treated with implantable interventional devices such as vascular stents, which should be anti-coagulantion, anti-proliferation and promoting endothelialisation. Nitric oxide (NO), as a physiological gas signalling molecule, play an important role in revascularisation. Catalysing the release of NO from endogenous donors has already been widely favoured to treatment strategy for lesioned vessels. In this work, a series of copper-loaded coatings (titanium nanotube (TNT)/PDA-Cu) was fabricated by TNTs combined with polydopamine and ions, which achieve controlled in situ catalytic release of NO. This strategy could effectively immobilised copper ions on TNTs, and promoted the proliferation of endothelial cells and inhibited growth of smooth muscle cells (SMCs) via the performance of NO, as well as restrain the platelet adhesion. With the multiple function, TNT/PDA-Cu provides a promise approach for promoting endothelialisation, anti-coagulation and inhibition of SMC proliferation via copper-loaded coatings on TNTs.

严重的血管病变需要植入式介入装置如血管支架治疗,血管支架应具有抗凝血、抗增殖和促进内皮化的功能。一氧化氮(NO)作为一种生理气体信号分子,在血管重建中起着重要作用。催化内源性供体释放一氧化氮已被广泛用于治疗病变血管的策略。本文利用纳米钛与聚多巴胺和离子结合制备了一系列载铜涂层(钛纳米管(TNT)/PDA-Cu),实现了NO的原位可控催化释放。该策略可以有效地将铜离子固定在tnt上,并通过NO的作用促进内皮细胞的增殖,抑制平滑肌细胞(SMCs)的生长,抑制血小板粘附。由于具有多种功能,TNT/PDA-Cu通过在TNT上负载铜涂层促进内皮化、抗凝血和抑制SMC增殖是一种很有前景的方法。
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引用次数: 0
Investigation on baicalin-loaded chitosan film crosslinked by graphene oxide and its biocompatibility 氧化石墨烯交联负载黄芩苷壳聚糖膜及其生物相容性研究
Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI: 10.1049/bsb2.12059
Yu Zhu, Lu Zhang, Lei Zhou, Xin Li, Yuancong Zhao, Jin Wang

Chitosan has good biocompatibility, in vivo biodegradability and certain physiological activity, which can be used as a drug carrier to stabilise and protect drug components, causing the promotion of drug absorption and controlling drug release. Using graphene oxide (GO) as a cross-linking agent, the functional groups in its lamellar structure can interact effectively with the functional groups in chitosan molecules, leading to enhanced mechanical properties and optimize the controlled drug-release behaviour. GO/chitosan composite films were prepared by the solution mixing method with various GO content and exhibit many hydrogen bonds between the GO and chitosan. There were no obviously agglomerated GO particles in the surface of composite films, and the lamellar structure can be observed in the cross section of the composite films. Differential thermal analysis (DTA) indicated that the addition of GO increased the stability of the chitosan film. The baicalin-loaded GO/Chitosan also exhibited pH dependent release behaviour, with an increasing release amount and rate at lower pH medium. In addition, the result of biological evaluations showed that the GO/Chitosan films had good cytocompatibility in vitro and histocompatibility at appropriate GO concentrations. This investigation offered a new pH-dependent drug carrier potentially applied for tumour and atherosclerosis treatment.

壳聚糖具有良好的生物相容性、体内生物降解性和一定的生理活性,可作为药物载体稳定和保护药物成分,促进药物吸收,控制药物释放。利用氧化石墨烯(GO)作为交联剂,其层状结构中的官能团可以与壳聚糖分子中的官能团有效相互作用,从而增强壳聚糖分子的力学性能并优化其控释行为。采用溶液混合法制备了不同氧化石墨烯含量的氧化石墨烯/壳聚糖复合膜。复合膜表面没有明显的氧化石墨烯颗粒聚集,在复合膜的横截面上可以观察到层状结构。差热分析(DTA)表明,氧化石墨烯的加入提高了壳聚糖膜的稳定性。负载黄芩苷的氧化石墨烯/壳聚糖也表现出pH依赖的释放行为,在较低的pH条件下,释放量和释放速率增加。此外,生物学评价结果表明,氧化石墨烯/壳聚糖膜具有良好的体外细胞相容性和适当氧化石墨烯浓度下的组织相容性。该研究提供了一种新的ph依赖性药物载体,可能应用于肿瘤和动脉粥样硬化治疗。
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引用次数: 0
Controllable deformation based self-adaptive drag reduction for complex surface 基于可控变形的复杂表面自适应减阻
Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-02-28 DOI: 10.1049/bsb2.12057
Dengke Chen, Xianxian Cui, Huawei Chen

Reduction of energy consumption and improvement of cruising speed are greatly necessary for underwater vehicles. Previously, regular riblets have been machined and the drag reduction has been verified; however, the riblet parameters are not adjusted like the denticles of sharkskin, which adapt quickly to the complex changing fluid flow. To achieve an improved drag reduction effect on the complicated shape surface, a simple, low-cost, and timesaving stretching approach was proposed to adjust the riblet parameters on the underwater vehicle surface by controllable deformation. Nature latex rubber membrane with regular micro-riblets was prepared as a stretching flexible film, and the spacing and height of the micro-riblets were adjusted by adaptive control of the stretching ratio. The circulating water channel experiment verified the effectiveness and feasibility of the self-adaptive drag reduction by the controllable deformation method. The results demonstrated that the drag reduction rate of the controllable deformation bionic fish skin was 4.26% compared with a smooth surface at 0.25 m/s with an angle of attack of 0°, which is better than any other angle. The controllable deformation bionic fish skin provides a feasible method for the drag reduction of complex surface adaptive underwater vehicles.

对水下航行器来说,降低能耗和提高巡航速度是非常必要的。在此之前,已经加工了规则的波纹,并验证了其减阻效果;然而,纹线参数不像鲨鱼皮的小齿那样可调整,能够快速适应复杂变化的流体流动。为了在复杂形状表面实现更好的减阻效果,提出了一种简单、低成本、省时的拉伸方法,通过可控变形来调整水下航行器表面的波纹参数。制备了具有规则微纹的天然乳胶膜作为拉伸柔性膜,并通过自适应控制拉伸比来调节微纹的间距和高度。循环水通道实验验证了可控变形法自适应减阻的有效性和可行性。结果表明,在攻角为0°时,与光滑表面相比,在0.25 m/s速度下,可控变形仿生鱼皮的减阻率为4.26%,优于其他任何角度。可控变形仿生鱼皮为复杂水面自适应水下航行器减阻提供了一种可行的方法。
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引用次数: 0
Experimental study on bumps formation textured by nanosecond laser on Ti6Al4V alloy 纳秒激光在Ti6Al4V合金上形成织构凸点的实验研究
Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-02-27 DOI: 10.1049/bsb2.12058
Zhifang Liu, Tong Niu, Yaxi Lei, Yuanxin Luo

The surface properties of biomaterials are the key factors for the success of artificial implants in the body. The creation of patterns on titanium alloys by laser surface texturing techniques can modify the surface to make it multifunctional. The evolution of the surface morphology of Ti6Al4V alloy textured by a nanosecond laser with 1064 nm wavelength in the air is studied. Laser surface texturing treatment is performed on the titanium alloy through different pulse numbers, power, pulse width and scan times to obtain different morphologies. The 2D cross-section profile shows that the morphology can be divided into three types in the evolution process of various pulse numbers, powers and pulse widths: bump-shaped, hump-shaped and crater-shaped. It is found that the effect of pulse width on morphology mainly depends on power. The effects of laser parameters on the height of bumps and the evolution of morphology are the main research points to analyse the topography evolution. The causes of bumps are also analysed. Energy dispersive spectrometer measures the area irradiated by the laser, and it is found that the oxygen content of the bump is up to 43.1%, which can speculate that the bump is the result of the oxidation reaction.

生物材料的表面特性是人工植入物在体内成功的关键因素。利用激光表面织构技术在钛合金表面形成图案,可以对钛合金表面进行修饰,使其具有多种用途。研究了1064nm波长纳秒激光在空气中织构Ti6Al4V合金表面形貌的演变。通过不同的脉冲数、功率、脉冲宽度和扫描次数对钛合金进行激光表面织构处理,获得不同的形貌。二维截面剖面图显示,在不同脉冲数、功率和脉冲宽度的演化过程中,形貌可分为三种类型:凹凸状、驼峰状和坑状。结果表明,脉冲宽度对形貌的影响主要取决于功率。激光参数对凹凸高度和形貌演变的影响是分析凹凸形貌演变的主要研究点。并分析了产生颠簸的原因。能量色散光谱仪对激光照射面积进行测量,发现凸起的氧含量高达43.1%,可以推测凸起是氧化反应的结果。
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引用次数: 0
An atmospheric water harvester with fast and energy-saving water removal and recovery 一种具有快速、节能脱水和回收功能的大气水收集器
Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2023-02-15 DOI: 10.1049/bsb2.12056
Jiayu Song, Zhang Liu, Jhoanne Pedres Boñgol, Zhaoxin Zhang, King Lun Yeung

Moisture removal and water recovery from the air are vital for regulating indoor humidity and mitigating water scarcity. Most atmospheric water harvesters (AWH) focus primarily on increasing the moisture capture rate, but for it to be economical and sustainable, it is essential to consider the energy required to recover and harvest the captured water. Here, a mechanically flexible, biphilic sorption-based AWH made of green, environmentally friendly material is presented. It consists of a hygroscopic chitosan polymer embedded within a flexible, hydrophobic silica xerogel that can harvest 86.3 g water/g chitosan at 97% relative humidity and 25°C reaching saturation after 30 days (i.e. 2.88 g water/g chitosan/day). Roughly 88% of the sorbed moisture was recovered by mechanical squeezing (ca. 0.020 MPa) within 150 s. Repeated water harvesting experiments and uniaxial compression tests demonstrate that chitosan-silica xerogel is durable for long-term operations, providing a fast, reliable, and sustainable moisture removal and water harvesting tool.

从空气中去除水分和回收水分对于调节室内湿度和缓解水资源短缺至关重要。大多数大气水收集器(AWH)主要侧重于提高水分捕获率,但为了经济和可持续,必须考虑回收和收集捕获的水所需的能量。本文介绍了一种由绿色环保材料制成的机械柔性、亲疏吸附型AWH。它将吸湿性壳聚糖聚合物嵌入柔性疏水性二氧化硅干凝胶中,在97%的相对湿度和25°C下,可获得86.3 g水/g壳聚糖,30天后达到饱和(即2.88 g水/g壳聚糖/天)。机械挤压(约0.020 MPa)在150 s内回收了约88%的吸附水分。反复的集水实验和单轴压缩试验表明,壳聚糖-二氧化硅干凝胶在长期工作中是耐用的,提供了一种快速、可靠、可持续的除湿和集水工具。
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引用次数: 1
Tribological and mechanical behaviours of resin-based friction materials based on microcrack filling 基于微裂纹填充的树脂基摩擦材料的摩擦学和力学性能
Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2022-11-29 DOI: 10.1049/bsb2.12055
Lekai Li, Guixiong Gao, Jin Tong, Jian Zhuang, Wei Song, Yunhai Ma, Guoqin Liu, Feipeng Cao, Shengwang Yuan, Qifeng Zhang

To enhance the friction performance of resin-based friction materials, five types of specimens with different polymer ether ketone (PEEK) contents were fabricated and their physiomechanical behaviours were tested and, their tribological properties were investigated using a JF150F-II constant-speed tester. It was found that the addition of PEEK had a positive influence on the properties of the friction materials, and sample FM-3 (the shorthand of ‘Friction Materials-3’, containing 2 wt% PEEK) exhibited improved friction performance with a fade ratio and recovery ratio of 8.6% and 101.1% respectively. Among all samples, FM-4 (the shorthand of ‘Friction Materials-4’, containing 3 wt% PEEK) had the lowest specific wear rate with a value of 0.622 × 10−7 cm3 (N·m)−1 at 350°C. The PEEK can fill the microcracks in the composite at a high temperature and can also cover the hard abrasive particles to prevent them from directly damaging the composite. The findings from this study afford a foundation for studies to further improve the properties of resin-based friction materials.

为提高树脂基摩擦材料的摩擦性能,采用JF150F-II等速试验机对5种不同PEEK含量的树脂基摩擦材料进行了物理力学性能测试和摩擦学性能研究。研究发现,PEEK的加入对摩擦材料的性能有积极的影响,样品FM-3(“摩擦材料-3”的简写,含有2 wt% PEEK)的摩擦性能得到改善,其褪色率和恢复率分别为8.6%和101.1%。在所有样品中,FM-4(“摩擦材料-4”的简写,含有3 wt% PEEK)在350℃时具有最低的比磨损率,值为0.622 × 10−7 cm3 (N·m)−1。PEEK可以在高温下填充复合材料中的微裂纹,也可以覆盖坚硬的磨料颗粒,防止它们直接损坏复合材料。研究结果为进一步提高树脂基摩擦材料的性能奠定了基础。
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引用次数: 2
The correlation between biotribological function and structural characteristics of bamboo rat teeth 竹大鼠牙齿生物摩擦学功能与结构特征的关系
Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2022-11-15 DOI: 10.1049/bsb2.12054
Zhenwu Ning, Zhongrong Zhou, Jing Zheng

Chinese bamboo rats consume a diet that consists mainly mechanically demanding bamboo. The ability of the rats to process food depends on the capacity of their teeth to resist wear during biting and chewing. The mechanisms of the bamboo rat teeth were determined by investigating and correlating the structure and tribological properties of the teeth. The rat's incisor has a cutting-edge cusp and outer enamel iron pigmentation, making the teeth harder, more resistant to acid attacks, and improving the resistance to cracking. Additionally, the incisor is designed to self-sharpen. The complex morphology at the macroscale, and the three-dimensional fabric body formed by densely packed rods and inter-rods at the microscale of molar enamel benefit molar rapid capture and effective breaking of bamboo, resisting the high stresses required to process bamboo without wear. The results of the structure–function relations of bamboo rat teeth in this study may provide new ideas for improving plant cutting and grinding tools.

中国竹鼠的饮食主要由机械需求的竹子组成。老鼠处理食物的能力取决于它们的牙齿在咬和咀嚼过程中抵抗磨损的能力。通过对竹制大鼠牙的结构和摩擦学性能的研究,确定竹制大鼠牙的形成机制。大鼠的门牙有尖端的牙尖和外层的牙釉质铁色素沉着,使牙齿更坚硬,更耐酸,并提高抗裂性。此外,门牙设计为自磨。宏观尺度上的复杂形态和微观尺度上牙釉质棒与棒间密集排列形成的立体织物体,有利于牙釉质对竹子的快速捕获和有效断裂,抵抗加工竹子所需的高应力而不磨损。本研究结果可为改进植物切削和磨削工具提供新的思路。
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引用次数: 0
Preparation and characterisation of tough and porous polyvinyl alcohol/POC membrane for biomedical applications 生物医学用坚韧多孔聚乙烯醇/POC膜的制备与表征
Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2022-10-20 DOI: 10.1049/bsb2.12053
Zuoliang Niu, Ziying You, William W. Lu, Zhenming Wang, Chenglin Wang

Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) is a synthetic polymer that has been extensively studied for fabricating porous membranes via electrospinning for diverse biomedical applications. However, the poor mechanical properties of electrostatically spun PVA nanofiber membranes severely limit their application in the biomedical field. Therefore, porous, tough hybrid PVA-based fibrous membranes were prepared by introducing poly (1,8-octanediol citrate) (POC) into PVA fibrous membranes followed by sodium citrate treatment. The tensile modulus, fracture strength, and fracture toughness of the sodium citrate-treated PVA/POC (CPP) membranes achieve 119.81 ± 5.32 MPa, 10.34 ± 1.57 MPa and 401.51 ± 11.67 MJ m−2, respectively, which were ∼60, ∼10, and ∼4 times higher than those achieved by the pristine PVA membrane. Moreover, the novel CPP membranes exhibited suitable biodegradation ratios and high cell/issue affinities, suggesting their potential biomedical applications in soft or hard tissue repair. This strategy, which provides porous structures, high mechanical properties and excellent biocompatibility, demonstrates a facile but effective approach for the development of advanced biomaterials.

聚乙烯醇(PVA)是一种合成聚合物,已被广泛研究用于通过静电纺丝制造多孔膜,用于各种生物医学应用。然而,静电纺聚乙烯醇纳米纤维膜力学性能差,严重限制了其在生物医学领域的应用。为此,通过在PVA纤维膜中引入聚(1,8-辛二醇柠檬酸酯)(POC),再经柠檬酸钠处理,制备了多孔、坚韧的PVA基杂化纤维膜。柠檬酸钠处理后的PVA/POC (CPP)膜的拉伸模量、断裂强度和断裂韧性分别达到119.81±5.32 MPa、10.34±1.57 MPa和401.51±11.67 MJ m−2,分别是原始PVA膜的~ 60、~ 10和~ 4倍。此外,新型CPP膜具有合适的生物降解率和高细胞/组织亲和力,表明其在软硬组织修复方面具有潜在的生物医学应用前景。该策略具有多孔结构、高机械性能和优异的生物相容性,为开发先进的生物材料提供了一种简单而有效的方法。
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引用次数: 0
Adhesion and corrosion resistance of polycaprolactone coating on NiTi alloy surface after alkali heat pretreatment 碱热预处理后镍钛合金表面聚己内酯涂层的附着力和耐蚀性
Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2022-10-19 DOI: 10.1049/bsb2.12051
Zhihui Zhang, Yanan Yang, Yunting Guo, Pengwei Sha, Zezhou Xu, Zhenglei Yu, Jiashun Si, Zhengao Zhang, Jia Guo, Yifan Chen

Selective laser melting of nickel-titanium alloy (SLM-NiTi) can precisely control the size of the sample molding structure and has attracted extensive attention due to its special superelasticity and shape memory effect. However, the biological inertness and poor corrosion resistance of SLM-NiTi alloy limit their wide application as biomedical implant materials. In this study, polycaprolactone (PCL) coating was prepared on SLM-NiTi alloy by dipping and pulling method, and the effects of alkali heat pretreatment on the morphology, adhesion, corrosion resistance, long-term stability and biomineralisation of the PCL coatings were investigated. The results showed that PCL coating can substantially improve the performance of SLM-NiTi alloy, and the PCL coating after alkali heat pretreatment has higher adhesion (increased from 1,747 to 2,498 mN) and lower corrosion current density (reduced by about an order of magnitude compared to PCL coating alone). In addition, the necessary stability, biomineralisation and biocompatibility ability of coatings were also further improved. Therefore, the alkali heat pretreated PCL-coated SLM-NiTi alloy has good application prospects in implants due to its superior properties.

选择性激光熔化镍钛合金(SLM-NiTi)可以精确控制样品成型结构的尺寸,由于其特殊的超弹性和形状记忆效应而受到广泛关注。然而,SLM-NiTi合金的生物惰性和较差的耐腐蚀性限制了其作为生物医学植入材料的广泛应用。本研究采用浸拔法在SLM-NiTi合金上制备聚己内酯(PCL)涂层,考察碱热预处理对PCL涂层形貌、附着力、耐腐蚀性、长期稳定性和生物矿化的影响。结果表明:PCL涂层可以显著提高SLM-NiTi合金的性能,碱热预处理后的PCL涂层具有更高的附着力(从1,747 mN增加到2,498 mN)和更低的腐蚀电流密度(与单独的PCL涂层相比降低了约一个数量级)。此外,涂层的稳定性、生物矿化和生物相容性也得到了进一步的提高。因此,碱热处理pcl包覆SLM-NiTi合金由于其优越的性能在植入体中具有良好的应用前景。
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引用次数: 1
The effect of temperature on the wear behaviour of dental composites 温度对牙科复合材料磨损性能的影响
Q3 Engineering Pub Date : 2022-10-14 DOI: 10.1049/bsb2.12052
Joseph A. Arsecularatne, Serena Tran, Mark J. Hoffman

Despite numerous published studies on the wear of dental composites, few have considered the influence of temperature on the two-body wear process. Additionally, no previous work has considered the influence of temperature on dominant wear mechanisms during the consumption of hot substances, hence the focus of this study. Reciprocating wear tests were carried out at varying artificial saliva lubricant temperatures (37 and 57°C) and material loss was quantified using profilometry. The wear tracks were analysed using FIB/SEM/TEM. Results reveal that the wear rate of a dental composite can significantly increase with temperature, with fatigue/delamination and ploughing acting as dominant mechanisms.

尽管发表了大量关于牙科复合材料磨损的研究,但很少有人考虑温度对两体磨损过程的影响。此外,以前的工作没有考虑温度对热物质消耗过程中主要磨损机制的影响,因此是本研究的重点。在不同的人工唾液润滑剂温度(37°C和57°C)下进行往复磨损试验,并使用轮廓术量化材料损耗。采用FIB/SEM/TEM分析磨损轨迹。结果表明,牙用复合材料的磨损率随温度的升高而显著增加,疲劳/脱层和犁耕是主要的磨损机制。
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引用次数: 0
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Biosurface and Biotribology
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