Abstract Nanoscale light sources with high speed of electrical modulation and low energy consumption are key components for nanophotonics and optoelectronics. The record-high carrier mobility and ultrafast carrier dynamics of graphene make it promising as an atomically thin light emitter, which can be further integrated into arbitrary platforms by van der Waals forces. However, due to the zero bandgap, graphene is difficult to emit light through the interband recombination of carriers like conventional semiconductors. Here, we demonstrate ultrafast thermal light emitters based on suspended graphene/hexagonal boron nitride (Gr/hBN) heterostructures. Electrons in biased graphene are significantly heated up to 2800 K at modest electric fields, emitting bright photons from the near-infrared to the visible spectral range. By eliminating the heat dissipation channel of the substrate, the radiation efficiency of the suspended Gr/hBN device is about two orders of magnitude greater than that of graphene devices supported on SiO 2 or hBN. We further demonstrate that hot electrons and low-energy acoustic phonons in graphene are weakly coupled to each other and are not in full thermal equilibrium. Direct cooling of high-temperature hot electrons to low-temperature acoustic phonons is enabled by the significant near-field heat transfer at the highly localized Gr/hBN interface, resulting in ultrafast thermal emission with up to 1 GHz bandwidth under electrical excitation. It is found that suspending the Gr/hBN heterostructures on the SiO 2 trenches significantly modifies the light emission due to the formation of the optical cavity and showed a ∼440% enhancement in intensity at the peak wavelength of 940 nm compared to the black-body thermal radiation. The demonstration of electrically driven ultrafast light emission from suspended Gr/hBN heterostructures sheds the light on applications of graphene heterostructures in photonic integrated circuits, such as broadband light sources and ultrafast thermo-optic phase modulators.
{"title":"Electrically-driven ultrafast out-of-equilibrium light emission from hot electrons in suspended graphene/hBN heterostructures","authors":"Qiang Liu, Wei Xu, Xiaoxi Li, Tongyao Zhang, Chengbing Qin, Fang Luo, Zhihong Zhu, Shiqiao Qin, Mengjian Zhu, Kostya S. Novoselov","doi":"10.1088/2631-7990/acfbc2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2631-7990/acfbc2","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Nanoscale light sources with high speed of electrical modulation and low energy consumption are key components for nanophotonics and optoelectronics. The record-high carrier mobility and ultrafast carrier dynamics of graphene make it promising as an atomically thin light emitter, which can be further integrated into arbitrary platforms by van der Waals forces. However, due to the zero bandgap, graphene is difficult to emit light through the interband recombination of carriers like conventional semiconductors. Here, we demonstrate ultrafast thermal light emitters based on suspended graphene/hexagonal boron nitride (Gr/hBN) heterostructures. Electrons in biased graphene are significantly heated up to 2800 K at modest electric fields, emitting bright photons from the near-infrared to the visible spectral range. By eliminating the heat dissipation channel of the substrate, the radiation efficiency of the suspended Gr/hBN device is about two orders of magnitude greater than that of graphene devices supported on SiO 2 or hBN. We further demonstrate that hot electrons and low-energy acoustic phonons in graphene are weakly coupled to each other and are not in full thermal equilibrium. Direct cooling of high-temperature hot electrons to low-temperature acoustic phonons is enabled by the significant near-field heat transfer at the highly localized Gr/hBN interface, resulting in ultrafast thermal emission with up to 1 GHz bandwidth under electrical excitation. It is found that suspending the Gr/hBN heterostructures on the SiO 2 trenches significantly modifies the light emission due to the formation of the optical cavity and showed a ∼440% enhancement in intensity at the peak wavelength of 940 nm compared to the black-body thermal radiation. The demonstration of electrically driven ultrafast light emission from suspended Gr/hBN heterostructures sheds the light on applications of graphene heterostructures in photonic integrated circuits, such as broadband light sources and ultrafast thermo-optic phase modulators.","PeriodicalId":52353,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135647677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Multistable mechanical metamaterials are a type of mechanical metamaterials with special features, such as reusability, energy storage and absorption capabilities, rapid deformation, and amplified output forces. These metamaterials are usually realized by series and/or parallel of bistable units. They can exhibit multiple stable configurations under external loads and can be switched reversely among each other, thereby realizing the reusability of mechanical metamaterials and offering broad engineering applications. This paper reviews the latest research progress in the design strategy, manufacture and application of multistable mechanical metamaterials. We divide bistable structures into three categories based on their basic element types and provide the criterion of their bistability. Various manufacturing techniques to fabricate these multistable mechanical metamaterials are introduced, including mold casting, cutting, folding and three-dimensional/4D printing. Furthermore, the prospects of multistable mechanical metamaterials for applications in soft driving, mechanical computing, energy absorption and wave controlling are discussed. Finally, this paper highlights possible challenges and opportunities for future investigations. The review aims to provide insights into the research and development of multistable mechanical metamaterials.
{"title":"The Design, Manufacture and Application of Multistable Mechanical Metamaterials-A State-of-the-art Review","authors":"Rui Xu, Chuanqing Chen, Jiapeng Sun, Yulong He, Xin Li, Minghui Lu, Yanfeng Chen","doi":"10.1088/2631-7990/acf96a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2631-7990/acf96a","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Multistable mechanical metamaterials are a type of mechanical metamaterials with special features, such as reusability, energy storage and absorption capabilities, rapid deformation, and amplified output forces. These metamaterials are usually realized by series and/or parallel of bistable units. They can exhibit multiple stable configurations under external loads and can be switched reversely among each other, thereby realizing the reusability of mechanical metamaterials and offering broad engineering applications. This paper reviews the latest research progress in the design strategy, manufacture and application of multistable mechanical metamaterials. We divide bistable structures into three categories based on their basic element types and provide the criterion of their bistability. Various manufacturing techniques to fabricate these multistable mechanical metamaterials are introduced, including mold casting, cutting, folding and three-dimensional/4D printing. Furthermore, the prospects of multistable mechanical metamaterials for applications in soft driving, mechanical computing, energy absorption and wave controlling are discussed. Finally, this paper highlights possible challenges and opportunities for future investigations. The review aims to provide insights into the research and development of multistable mechanical metamaterials.","PeriodicalId":52353,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing","volume":"462 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135648091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) has attracted significant attention since its inception, providing unprecedented advantages to fabricate metallic components with complex geometry. The quality and performance of as-printed alloys is an intricate function consisting of numerous factors linking the feedstock powders, manufacturing, and post-treatment. As the starting materials, powders play a critical role in influencing the printing consistency, total fabrication cost, and mechanical properties. In consideration of its importance for L-PBF, the present review aims to review the recent progress on metallic powders for L-PBF focusing on powder characterization, powder fabrication, and powder reuse. The methods of powder characterization and fabrication were presented in the beginning by analyzing the principles and corresponding advantages and limitations. Subsequently, the effect of powder reuse on the powder characteristics and mechanical performance of L-PBF parts is analyzed focusing on steels, nickel-based superalloys, Ti and Ti alloys, and Al alloys. The evolution trend of powders and as-printed parts varies for different alloy systems based on the existing studies, which makes the proposal of a unified reuse protocol infeasible. Finally, perspectives are presented to cater to the increasing applications of AM technologies for future investigations. The present state-of-the-art work can pave the way for the broad industrial applications of L-PBF by enhancing printing consistency and reducing the total cost from the perspective of powders.
{"title":"Characterization, preparation, and reuse of metallic powders for laser powder bed fusion: A review","authors":"Xiaoyu Sun, Minan Chen, Tingting Liu, Kai Zhang, Huiliang Wei, Zhiguang Zhu, Wenhe Liao","doi":"10.1088/2631-7990/acfbc3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2631-7990/acfbc3","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Laser powder bed fusion (L-PBF) has attracted significant attention since its inception, providing unprecedented advantages to fabricate metallic components with complex geometry. The quality and performance of as-printed alloys is an intricate function consisting of numerous factors linking the feedstock powders, manufacturing, and post-treatment. As the starting materials, powders play a critical role in influencing the printing consistency, total fabrication cost, and mechanical properties. In consideration of its importance for L-PBF, the present review aims to review the recent progress on metallic powders for L-PBF focusing on powder characterization, powder fabrication, and powder reuse. The methods of powder characterization and fabrication were presented in the beginning by analyzing the principles and corresponding advantages and limitations. Subsequently, the effect of powder reuse on the powder characteristics and mechanical performance of L-PBF parts is analyzed focusing on steels, nickel-based superalloys, Ti and Ti alloys, and Al alloys. The evolution trend of powders and as-printed parts varies for different alloy systems based on the existing studies, which makes the proposal of a unified reuse protocol infeasible. Finally, perspectives are presented to cater to the increasing applications of AM technologies for future investigations. The present state-of-the-art work can pave the way for the broad industrial applications of L-PBF by enhancing printing consistency and reducing the total cost from the perspective of powders.","PeriodicalId":52353,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing","volume":"145 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136306445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-07DOI: 10.1088/2631-7990/acf798
Yuxuan Zhang, Dong Wu, Yachao Zhang, Yucheng Bian, Chaowei Wang, Jiawen Li, J. Chu, Yanlei Hu
Diverse natural organisms possess stimulus-responsive structures to adapt to the surrounding environment. Inspired by nature, researchers have developed various smart stimulus-responsive structures with adjustable properties and functions to address the demands of ever-changing application environments that are becoming more intricate. Among many fabrication methods for stimulus-responsive structures, femtosecond laser direct writing (FsLDW) has received increasing attention because of its high precision, simplicity, true three-dimensional machining ability, and wide applicability to almost all materials. This paper systematically outlines state-of-the-art research on stimulus-responsive structures prepared by FsLDW. Based on the introduction of femtosecond laser-matter interaction and mainstream FsLDW-based manufacturing strategies, different stimulating factors that can trigger structural responses of prepared intelligent structures, such as magnetic field, light, temperature, pH, and humidity, are emphatically summarized. Various applications of functional structures with stimuli-responsive dynamic behaviors fabricated by FsLDW, as well as the present obstacles and forthcoming development opportunities, are discussed.
{"title":"Femtosecond laser direct writing of functional stimulus-responsive structures and applications","authors":"Yuxuan Zhang, Dong Wu, Yachao Zhang, Yucheng Bian, Chaowei Wang, Jiawen Li, J. Chu, Yanlei Hu","doi":"10.1088/2631-7990/acf798","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2631-7990/acf798","url":null,"abstract":"Diverse natural organisms possess stimulus-responsive structures to adapt to the surrounding environment. Inspired by nature, researchers have developed various smart stimulus-responsive structures with adjustable properties and functions to address the demands of ever-changing application environments that are becoming more intricate. Among many fabrication methods for stimulus-responsive structures, femtosecond laser direct writing (FsLDW) has received increasing attention because of its high precision, simplicity, true three-dimensional machining ability, and wide applicability to almost all materials. This paper systematically outlines state-of-the-art research on stimulus-responsive structures prepared by FsLDW. Based on the introduction of femtosecond laser-matter interaction and mainstream FsLDW-based manufacturing strategies, different stimulating factors that can trigger structural responses of prepared intelligent structures, such as magnetic field, light, temperature, pH, and humidity, are emphatically summarized. Various applications of functional structures with stimuli-responsive dynamic behaviors fabricated by FsLDW, as well as the present obstacles and forthcoming development opportunities, are discussed.","PeriodicalId":52353,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":14.7,"publicationDate":"2023-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76511157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01Epub Date: 2023-07-13DOI: 10.1088/2631-7990/acdd35
Amit Bandyopadhyay, Indranath Mitra, Jose D Avila, Mahadev Upadhyayula, Susmita Bose
Porous and functionally graded materials have seen extensive applications in modern biomedical devices-allowing for improved site-specific performance; their appreciable mechanical, corrosive, and biocompatible properties are highly sought after for lightweight and high-strength load-bearing orthopedic and dental implants. Examples of such porous materials are metals, ceramics, and polymers. Although, easy to manufacture and lightweight, porous polymers do not inherently exhibit the required mechanical strength for hard tissue repair or replacement. Alternatively, porous ceramics are brittle and do not possess the required fatigue resistance. On the other hand, porous biocompatible metals have shown tailorable strength, fatigue resistance, and toughness. Thereby, a significant interest in investigating the manufacturing challenges of porous metals has taken place in recent years. Past research has shown that once the advantages of porous metallic structures in the orthopedic implant industry have been realized, their biological and biomechanical compatibility-with the host bone-has been followed up with extensive methodical research. Various manufacturing methods for porous or functionally graded metals are discussed and compared in this review, specifically, how the manufacturing process influences microstructure, graded composition, porosity, biocompatibility, and mechanical properties. Most of the studies discussed in this review are related to porous structures for bone implant applications; however, the understanding of these investigations may also be extended to other devices beyond the biomedical field.
{"title":"Porous metal implants: processing, properties, and challenges.","authors":"Amit Bandyopadhyay, Indranath Mitra, Jose D Avila, Mahadev Upadhyayula, Susmita Bose","doi":"10.1088/2631-7990/acdd35","DOIUrl":"10.1088/2631-7990/acdd35","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Porous and functionally graded materials have seen extensive applications in modern biomedical devices-allowing for improved site-specific performance; their appreciable mechanical, corrosive, and biocompatible properties are highly sought after for lightweight and high-strength load-bearing orthopedic and dental implants. Examples of such porous materials are metals, ceramics, and polymers. Although, easy to manufacture and lightweight, porous polymers do not inherently exhibit the required mechanical strength for hard tissue repair or replacement. Alternatively, porous ceramics are brittle and do not possess the required fatigue resistance. On the other hand, porous biocompatible metals have shown tailorable strength, fatigue resistance, and toughness. Thereby, a significant interest in investigating the manufacturing challenges of porous metals has taken place in recent years. Past research has shown that once the advantages of porous metallic structures in the orthopedic implant industry have been realized, their biological and biomechanical compatibility-with the host bone-has been followed up with extensive methodical research. Various manufacturing methods for porous or functionally graded metals are discussed and compared in this review, specifically, how the manufacturing process influences microstructure, graded composition, porosity, biocompatibility, and mechanical properties. Most of the studies discussed in this review are related to porous structures for bone implant applications; however, the understanding of these investigations may also be extended to other devices beyond the biomedical field.</p>","PeriodicalId":52353,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing","volume":"5 3","pages":"032014"},"PeriodicalIF":14.7,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10355163/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9840770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-29DOI: 10.1088/2631-7990/acf4d4
Min Yang, M. Kong, Changhe Li, Yunze Long, Yanbin Zhang, Shubham Sharma, Runze Li, Teng Gao, Mingzheng Liu, Xin Cui, Xiaoming Wang, Xiao Ma, Yuying Yang
Grinding is a crucial process in machining workpieces because it plays a vital role in achieving the desired precision and surface quality. However, a significant technical challenge in grinding is the potential increase in temperature due to high specific energy, which can lead to surface thermal damage. Therefore, ensuring control over the surface integrity of workpieces during grinding becomes a critical concern. This necessitates the development of temperature field models that consider various parameters, such as workpiece materials, grinding wheels, grinding parameters, cooling methods, and media, to guide industrial production. This study thoroughly analyzes and summarizes grinding temperature field models. First, the theory of the grinding temperature field is investigated, classifying it into traditional models based on a continuous belt heat source and those based on a discrete heat source, depending on whether the heat source is uniform and continuous. Through this examination, a more accurate grinding temperature model that closely aligns with practical grinding conditions is derived. Subsequently, various grinding thermal models are summarized, including models for the heat source distribution, energy distribution proportional coefficient, and convective heat transfer coefficient. Through comprehensive research, the most widely recognized, utilized, and accurate model for each category is identified. The application of these grinding thermal models is reviewed, shedding light on the governing laws that dictate the influence of the heat source distribution, heat distribution, and convective heat transfer in the grinding arc zone on the grinding temperature field. Finally, considering the current issues in the field of grinding temperature, potential future research directions are proposed. The aim of this study is to provide theoretical guidance and technical support for predicting workpiece temperature and improving surface integrity.
{"title":"Temperature field model in surface grinding: a comparative assessment","authors":"Min Yang, M. Kong, Changhe Li, Yunze Long, Yanbin Zhang, Shubham Sharma, Runze Li, Teng Gao, Mingzheng Liu, Xin Cui, Xiaoming Wang, Xiao Ma, Yuying Yang","doi":"10.1088/2631-7990/acf4d4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2631-7990/acf4d4","url":null,"abstract":"Grinding is a crucial process in machining workpieces because it plays a vital role in achieving the desired precision and surface quality. However, a significant technical challenge in grinding is the potential increase in temperature due to high specific energy, which can lead to surface thermal damage. Therefore, ensuring control over the surface integrity of workpieces during grinding becomes a critical concern. This necessitates the development of temperature field models that consider various parameters, such as workpiece materials, grinding wheels, grinding parameters, cooling methods, and media, to guide industrial production. This study thoroughly analyzes and summarizes grinding temperature field models. First, the theory of the grinding temperature field is investigated, classifying it into traditional models based on a continuous belt heat source and those based on a discrete heat source, depending on whether the heat source is uniform and continuous. Through this examination, a more accurate grinding temperature model that closely aligns with practical grinding conditions is derived. Subsequently, various grinding thermal models are summarized, including models for the heat source distribution, energy distribution proportional coefficient, and convective heat transfer coefficient. Through comprehensive research, the most widely recognized, utilized, and accurate model for each category is identified. The application of these grinding thermal models is reviewed, shedding light on the governing laws that dictate the influence of the heat source distribution, heat distribution, and convective heat transfer in the grinding arc zone on the grinding temperature field. Finally, considering the current issues in the field of grinding temperature, potential future research directions are proposed. The aim of this study is to provide theoretical guidance and technical support for predicting workpiece temperature and improving surface integrity.","PeriodicalId":52353,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":14.7,"publicationDate":"2023-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73136108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-24DOI: 10.1088/2631-7990/acf3b8
Xinwei Wang, Rong Chen, Shuhui Sun
Atomic scale engineering of materials and interfaces has become increasingly important in material manufacturing. Atomic layer deposition (ALD) is a technology that can offer many unique properties to achieve atomic-scale material manufacturing controllability. Herein, we discuss this ALD technology for its applications, attributes, technology status and challenges. We envision that the ALD technology will continue making significant contributions to various industries and technologies in the coming years.
{"title":"Material manufacturing from atomic layer","authors":"Xinwei Wang, Rong Chen, Shuhui Sun","doi":"10.1088/2631-7990/acf3b8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2631-7990/acf3b8","url":null,"abstract":"Atomic scale engineering of materials and interfaces has become increasingly important in material manufacturing. Atomic layer deposition (ALD) is a technology that can offer many unique properties to achieve atomic-scale material manufacturing controllability. Herein, we discuss this ALD technology for its applications, attributes, technology status and challenges. We envision that the ALD technology will continue making significant contributions to various industries and technologies in the coming years.","PeriodicalId":52353,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":14.7,"publicationDate":"2023-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81520763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-24DOI: 10.1088/2631-7990/acef78
Siyan Yang, Qixun Li, Bingang Du, Yushan Ying, Y. Zeng, Yuankai Jin, Xuezhi Qin, Shouwei Gao, Steven Wang, Zuankai Wang, Rongfu Wen, Xuehu Ma
Ice and frost buildup continuously pose significant challenges to multiple fields. As a promising de-icing/defrosting alternative, designing photothermal coatings that leverage on the abundant sunlight source on the earth to facilitate ice/frost melting has attracted tremendous attention recently. However, previous designs suffered from either localized surface heating owing to the limited thermal conductivity or unsatisfied meltwater removal rate due to strong water/substrate interaction. Herein, we developed a facile approach to fabricate surfaces that combine photothermal, heat-conducting, and superhydrophobic properties into one to achieve efficient de-icing and defrosting. Featuring copper nanowire assemblies, such surfaces were fabricated via the simple template-assisted electrodeposition method, allowing us to tune the nanowire assembly geometry by adjusting the template dimensions and electrodeposition time. The highly ordered copper nanowire assemblies facilitated efficient sunlight absorption and lateral heat spreading, resulting in a fast overall temperature rise to enable the thawing of ice and frost. Further promoted by the excellent water repellency of the surface, the thawed ice and frost could be spontaneously and promptly removed. In this way, the all-in-one design enabled highly enhanced de-icing and defrosting performance compared to other nanostructured surfaces merely with superhydrophobicity, photothermal effect, or the combination of both. In particular, the defrosting efficiency could approach ∼100%, which was the highest compared to previous studies. Overall, our approach demonstrates a promising path toward designing highly effective artificial deicing/defrosting surfaces.
{"title":"Photothermal superhydrophobic copper nanowire assemblies: fabrication and deicing/defrosting applications","authors":"Siyan Yang, Qixun Li, Bingang Du, Yushan Ying, Y. Zeng, Yuankai Jin, Xuezhi Qin, Shouwei Gao, Steven Wang, Zuankai Wang, Rongfu Wen, Xuehu Ma","doi":"10.1088/2631-7990/acef78","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2631-7990/acef78","url":null,"abstract":"Ice and frost buildup continuously pose significant challenges to multiple fields. As a promising de-icing/defrosting alternative, designing photothermal coatings that leverage on the abundant sunlight source on the earth to facilitate ice/frost melting has attracted tremendous attention recently. However, previous designs suffered from either localized surface heating owing to the limited thermal conductivity or unsatisfied meltwater removal rate due to strong water/substrate interaction. Herein, we developed a facile approach to fabricate surfaces that combine photothermal, heat-conducting, and superhydrophobic properties into one to achieve efficient de-icing and defrosting. Featuring copper nanowire assemblies, such surfaces were fabricated via the simple template-assisted electrodeposition method, allowing us to tune the nanowire assembly geometry by adjusting the template dimensions and electrodeposition time. The highly ordered copper nanowire assemblies facilitated efficient sunlight absorption and lateral heat spreading, resulting in a fast overall temperature rise to enable the thawing of ice and frost. Further promoted by the excellent water repellency of the surface, the thawed ice and frost could be spontaneously and promptly removed. In this way, the all-in-one design enabled highly enhanced de-icing and defrosting performance compared to other nanostructured surfaces merely with superhydrophobicity, photothermal effect, or the combination of both. In particular, the defrosting efficiency could approach ∼100%, which was the highest compared to previous studies. Overall, our approach demonstrates a promising path toward designing highly effective artificial deicing/defrosting surfaces.","PeriodicalId":52353,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing","volume":"66 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":14.7,"publicationDate":"2023-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81539365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-22DOI: 10.1088/2631-7990/acf2d0
Wangqi Mao, Haonan Li, Bing Tang, Chi Zhang, L. Liu, Pei Wang, Hongxing Dong, Long Zhang
Lead halide perovskites have attracted considerable attention as potential candidates for high-performance nano/microlasers, owing to their outstanding optical properties. However, the further development of perovskite microlaser arrays (especially based on polycrystalline thin films) produced by the conventional processing techniques is hindered by the chemical instability and surface roughness of the perovskite structures. Herein, we demonstrate a laser patterning of large-scale, highly crystalline perovskite single-crystal films to fabricate reproducible perovskite single-crystal-based microlaser arrays. Perovskite thin films were directly ablated by femtosecond-laser in multiple low-power cycles at a minimum machining line width of approximately 300 nm to realize high-precision, chemically clean, and repeatable fabrication of microdisk arrays. The surface impurities generated during the process can be washed away to avoid external optical loss due to the robustness of the single-crystal film. Moreover, the high-quality, large-sized perovskite single-crystal films can significantly improve the quality of microcavities, thereby realizing a perovskite microdisk laser with narrow linewidth (0.09 nm) and low threshold (5.1 μJ/cm2). Benefiting from the novel laser patterning method and the large-sized perovskite single-crystal films, a high power and high color purity laser display with single-mode microlasers as pixels was successfully fabricated. Thus, this study may offer a potential platform for mass-scale and reproducible fabrication of microlaser arrays, and further facilitate the development of highly integrated applications based on perovskite materials.
{"title":"Laser patterning of large-scale perovskite single-crystal-based arrays for single-mode laser displays","authors":"Wangqi Mao, Haonan Li, Bing Tang, Chi Zhang, L. Liu, Pei Wang, Hongxing Dong, Long Zhang","doi":"10.1088/2631-7990/acf2d0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2631-7990/acf2d0","url":null,"abstract":"Lead halide perovskites have attracted considerable attention as potential candidates for high-performance nano/microlasers, owing to their outstanding optical properties. However, the further development of perovskite microlaser arrays (especially based on polycrystalline thin films) produced by the conventional processing techniques is hindered by the chemical instability and surface roughness of the perovskite structures. Herein, we demonstrate a laser patterning of large-scale, highly crystalline perovskite single-crystal films to fabricate reproducible perovskite single-crystal-based microlaser arrays. Perovskite thin films were directly ablated by femtosecond-laser in multiple low-power cycles at a minimum machining line width of approximately 300 nm to realize high-precision, chemically clean, and repeatable fabrication of microdisk arrays. The surface impurities generated during the process can be washed away to avoid external optical loss due to the robustness of the single-crystal film. Moreover, the high-quality, large-sized perovskite single-crystal films can significantly improve the quality of microcavities, thereby realizing a perovskite microdisk laser with narrow linewidth (0.09 nm) and low threshold (5.1 μJ/cm2). Benefiting from the novel laser patterning method and the large-sized perovskite single-crystal films, a high power and high color purity laser display with single-mode microlasers as pixels was successfully fabricated. Thus, this study may offer a potential platform for mass-scale and reproducible fabrication of microlaser arrays, and further facilitate the development of highly integrated applications based on perovskite materials.","PeriodicalId":52353,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":14.7,"publicationDate":"2023-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79450025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-21DOI: 10.1088/2631-7990/acf254
S. Sui, Shuai Guo, D. Ma, C. Guo, Xiangquan Wu, Zhongmin Zhang, Chunjie Xu, D. Shechtman, S. Remennik, Daniel Safranchik, R. Lapovok
Magnesium and its alloys, as a promising class of materials, is popular in lightweight application and biomedical implants due to their low density and good biocompatibility. Additive manufacturing (AM) of Mg and its alloys is of growing interest in academia and industry. The domain-by-domain localized forming characteristics of AM leads to unique microstructures and performances of AM-process Mg and its alloys, which are different from those of traditionally manufactured counterparts. However, the intrinsic mechanisms still remain unclear and need to be in-depth explored. Therefore, this work aims to discuss and analyze the possible underlying mechanisms regarding defect appearance and elimination, microstructure formation and evolution, and performance improvement, based on presenting a comprehensive and systematic review on the relationship between process parameters, forming quality, microstructure characteristics and resultant performances. Lastly, some key perspectives requiring focus for further progression are highlighted to promote development of AM-processed Mg and its alloys and accelerate their industrialization.
{"title":"Additive manufacturing of magnesium and its alloys: process-formability-microstructure-performance relationship and underlying mechanism","authors":"S. Sui, Shuai Guo, D. Ma, C. Guo, Xiangquan Wu, Zhongmin Zhang, Chunjie Xu, D. Shechtman, S. Remennik, Daniel Safranchik, R. Lapovok","doi":"10.1088/2631-7990/acf254","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1088/2631-7990/acf254","url":null,"abstract":"Magnesium and its alloys, as a promising class of materials, is popular in lightweight application and biomedical implants due to their low density and good biocompatibility. Additive manufacturing (AM) of Mg and its alloys is of growing interest in academia and industry. The domain-by-domain localized forming characteristics of AM leads to unique microstructures and performances of AM-process Mg and its alloys, which are different from those of traditionally manufactured counterparts. However, the intrinsic mechanisms still remain unclear and need to be in-depth explored. Therefore, this work aims to discuss and analyze the possible underlying mechanisms regarding defect appearance and elimination, microstructure formation and evolution, and performance improvement, based on presenting a comprehensive and systematic review on the relationship between process parameters, forming quality, microstructure characteristics and resultant performances. Lastly, some key perspectives requiring focus for further progression are highlighted to promote development of AM-processed Mg and its alloys and accelerate their industrialization.","PeriodicalId":52353,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":14.7,"publicationDate":"2023-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73229717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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