Pub Date : 2018-03-26DOI: 10.1515/cogsem-2016-0005
Mihailo Antović
Abstract This paper initiates a theory of musical semantics based on the notions of cross-domain mapping from cognitive linguistics and ground from the philosophy of language. The central claim is that listeners construct musical meaning on the basis of neither free associations nor fixed clues inherent to the musical structure. Rather, the process is grounded in a hierarchical system of six contextual constraints. On level one, the first glimpse of meaning emerges from direct physiological reactions, as when a segment of music is described as “tense.” On level two, image-schematic structure begins to be constructed, e. g., a “hopping” staccato. Level three is connotational, ascribing emotional qualities to the music, while on level four, the meaning becomes conceptual, relating the music to rich imagery, e. g., “a medieval battle.” On level five, conceptual meaning interacts with an elaborated cultural context, motivating rich descriptions at the intersection of two or more conceptual domains, e. g., when the “battle” is replaced by “gods coming down from Olympus.” Level six hosts associations grounded in personal experience. To support the proposal, a representative set of verbal descriptions from a recent experimental study on musical meaning is analyzed, showing both the emergence of new conceptual content and the hierarchical nature of grounding. In doing so, the contribution attempts to formally capture the old paradox of musical semantics: that music is full of meaning, yet that this meaning is highly underspecified, manifested in a potential rather than definite form.
{"title":"From expectation to concepts: Toward multilevel grounding in musical semantics","authors":"Mihailo Antović","doi":"10.1515/cogsem-2016-0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/cogsem-2016-0005","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper initiates a theory of musical semantics based on the notions of cross-domain mapping from cognitive linguistics and ground from the philosophy of language. The central claim is that listeners construct musical meaning on the basis of neither free associations nor fixed clues inherent to the musical structure. Rather, the process is grounded in a hierarchical system of six contextual constraints. On level one, the first glimpse of meaning emerges from direct physiological reactions, as when a segment of music is described as “tense.” On level two, image-schematic structure begins to be constructed, e. g., a “hopping” staccato. Level three is connotational, ascribing emotional qualities to the music, while on level four, the meaning becomes conceptual, relating the music to rich imagery, e. g., “a medieval battle.” On level five, conceptual meaning interacts with an elaborated cultural context, motivating rich descriptions at the intersection of two or more conceptual domains, e. g., when the “battle” is replaced by “gods coming down from Olympus.” Level six hosts associations grounded in personal experience. To support the proposal, a representative set of verbal descriptions from a recent experimental study on musical meaning is analyzed, showing both the emergence of new conceptual content and the hierarchical nature of grounding. In doing so, the contribution attempts to formally capture the old paradox of musical semantics: that music is full of meaning, yet that this meaning is highly underspecified, manifested in a potential rather than definite form.","PeriodicalId":52385,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Semiotics","volume":"22 1","pages":"105 - 138"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75361092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-03-26DOI: 10.1515/cogsem-2016-0007
Pedro Atã, J. Queiroz
Abstract Poems are treated by translators as hierarchical multilevel systems. Here we propose the notion of “multilevel poetry translation” to characterize such cases of poetry translation in terms of selection and rebuilding of a multilevel system of constraints across languages. Different levels of a poem correspond to different sets of components that asymmetrically constrain each other (e. g., grammar, lexicon, syntactic construction, prosody, rhythm, typography, etc.). This perspective allows a poem to be approached as a thinking-tool: an “experimental lab” which submits language to unusual conditions and provides a scenario to observe the emergence of new patterns of semiotic behaviour as a result. We describe this operation as a problem-solving task, and exemplify with Augusto de Campos’ Portuguese translation of John Donne’s poem “The Expiration.”
{"title":"Multilevel poetry translation as a problem-solving task","authors":"Pedro Atã, J. Queiroz","doi":"10.1515/cogsem-2016-0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/cogsem-2016-0007","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Poems are treated by translators as hierarchical multilevel systems. Here we propose the notion of “multilevel poetry translation” to characterize such cases of poetry translation in terms of selection and rebuilding of a multilevel system of constraints across languages. Different levels of a poem correspond to different sets of components that asymmetrically constrain each other (e. g., grammar, lexicon, syntactic construction, prosody, rhythm, typography, etc.). This perspective allows a poem to be approached as a thinking-tool: an “experimental lab” which submits language to unusual conditions and provides a scenario to observe the emergence of new patterns of semiotic behaviour as a result. We describe this operation as a problem-solving task, and exemplify with Augusto de Campos’ Portuguese translation of John Donne’s poem “The Expiration.”","PeriodicalId":52385,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Semiotics","volume":"40 1","pages":"139 - 147"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90948475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-02-14DOI: 10.1515/cogsem-2018-9999
Line Brandt
This article is an autonomous and extended version of the chapter “‘Say hello to this ad’ – The persuasive rhetoric of fictive interaction in marketing”, whose coauthor was Esther Pascual, and which was published in Esther Pascual and Sergeiy Sandler (eds.), The Conversation Frame. Forms and functions of fictive interaction. John Benjamins, 2016, pp. 303–322, DOI: 10.1075/hcp.55.15bra. Work on that original book chapter was fully funded by a Vidi grant from the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (276.70.019), awarded to Esther Pascual. Examples followed by * have either been used by Esther Pascual in previous publications or stem from her fictive interaction database.
{"title":"Corrigendum to: Line Brandt. 2016. The rhetorics of fictive interaction in advertising: The case for imagined direct speech in argumentation","authors":"Line Brandt","doi":"10.1515/cogsem-2018-9999","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/cogsem-2018-9999","url":null,"abstract":"This article is an autonomous and extended version of the chapter “‘Say hello to this ad’ – The persuasive rhetoric of fictive interaction in marketing”, whose coauthor was Esther Pascual, and which was published in Esther Pascual and Sergeiy Sandler (eds.), The Conversation Frame. Forms and functions of fictive interaction. John Benjamins, 2016, pp. 303–322, DOI: 10.1075/hcp.55.15bra. Work on that original book chapter was fully funded by a Vidi grant from the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (276.70.019), awarded to Esther Pascual. Examples followed by * have either been used by Esther Pascual in previous publications or stem from her fictive interaction database.","PeriodicalId":52385,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Semiotics","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74511856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-05-01DOI: 10.1515/cogsem-2017-0001
Amadeu Viana
Abstract This paper deals with some trends in complexity issues related to the connections between natural and social sciences. More precisely, it explores the possible correspondences between physical and phenomenological accounts by arguing that natura and artificium are not far from one another given that human nature is actually incomplete without signs and signs are essentially embodied and enacted. The paper draws upon the work developed by Giambattista Vico in the eighteenth century and Charles S. Peirce in the twentieth century as well as their respective implications and effects in contemporary cognitive and semiotic research. Accordingly, it also explores the prevailing role of objects and artifacts in cognition, claiming that things shape the mind and that we should thus be wary of their constitutive effects in the course of human history.
摘要本文讨论了自然科学与社会科学联系复杂性问题的一些发展趋势。更准确地说，它探讨了物理和现象学之间可能的对应关系，认为自然和人工离彼此不远，因为人性实际上是不完整的，没有符号，符号本质上是具体化和制定的。本文借鉴了18世纪Giambattista Vico和20世纪Charles S. Peirce的研究成果，以及他们各自在当代认知和符号学研究中的启示和影响。因此，它还探讨了物体和人工制品在认知中的主要作用，声称事物塑造了心灵，因此我们应该警惕它们在人类历史进程中的构成作用。
{"title":"Vico, Peirce, and the issue of complexity in human sciences","authors":"Amadeu Viana","doi":"10.1515/cogsem-2017-0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/cogsem-2017-0001","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper deals with some trends in complexity issues related to the connections between natural and social sciences. More precisely, it explores the possible correspondences between physical and phenomenological accounts by arguing that natura and artificium are not far from one another given that human nature is actually incomplete without signs and signs are essentially embodied and enacted. The paper draws upon the work developed by Giambattista Vico in the eighteenth century and Charles S. Peirce in the twentieth century as well as their respective implications and effects in contemporary cognitive and semiotic research. Accordingly, it also explores the prevailing role of objects and artifacts in cognition, claiming that things shape the mind and that we should thus be wary of their constitutive effects in the course of human history.","PeriodicalId":52385,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Semiotics","volume":"191 1","pages":"1 - 18"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89053004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-01-27DOI: 10.1515/cogsem-2017-0007
P. A. Brandt
Abstract In this paper, I propose an overall model of the semantic and semiotic functions of money and capital forms based on an ecological view of human activity and a theory of the origin of money (coined precious metals). The meaning of money is replaced in a structured human perspective and a critical discussion is outlined on the grounds of the material and capital flows and functions identified. The madness of money follows from the separation of economy and ecology. That madness causes serious damage, especially under certain circumstances that the structural analysis can identify. Finally, I add some new considerations on the psycho-semiotic implications of the analysis. The societal structure discussed can be interpreted in terms that have strikingly direct correspondence to those describing semiotic aspects of language and the human psyché where the concepts of meaning and madness are immediately pertinent.
{"title":"The meaning and madness of money: A Semio-ecological analysis","authors":"P. A. Brandt","doi":"10.1515/cogsem-2017-0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/cogsem-2017-0007","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In this paper, I propose an overall model of the semantic and semiotic functions of money and capital forms based on an ecological view of human activity and a theory of the origin of money (coined precious metals). The meaning of money is replaced in a structured human perspective and a critical discussion is outlined on the grounds of the material and capital flows and functions identified. The madness of money follows from the separation of economy and ecology. That madness causes serious damage, especially under certain circumstances that the structural analysis can identify. Finally, I add some new considerations on the psycho-semiotic implications of the analysis. The societal structure discussed can be interpreted in terms that have strikingly direct correspondence to those describing semiotic aspects of language and the human psyché where the concepts of meaning and madness are immediately pertinent.","PeriodicalId":52385,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Semiotics","volume":"62 1","pages":"141 - 168"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77923280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-01-27DOI: 10.1515/cogsem-2017-0006
M. Baş
Abstract This paper aims to analyze the Turkish words for “heart” (yürek, kalp) in idiomatic expressions to unveil how the heart — as a part of the human body — is categorized and schematized in the minds of Turkish speakers and to establish a cognitive-cultural model for emotions. The idioms containing the words kalp and yürek are taken from several dictionaries. Those idioms that express or are related to an emotion are determined and included in the study based on an emotion categorization model developed for Turkish. The heart idioms are analyzed in relation to the metaphor-based linguistic account of emotions. Findings reveal different conceptualizations of emotions such as physical damage, fire, burden, agitation, force, and so on. The study demonstrates that yürek and kalp are productive source domains in Turkish for their metaphoric conceptualization of a wide range of emotions, hence constituting a complex cognitive-cultural model for emotion in Turkish.
{"title":"The metaphoric conceptualization of emotion through heart idioms in Turkish","authors":"M. Baş","doi":"10.1515/cogsem-2017-0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/cogsem-2017-0006","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper aims to analyze the Turkish words for “heart” (yürek, kalp) in idiomatic expressions to unveil how the heart — as a part of the human body — is categorized and schematized in the minds of Turkish speakers and to establish a cognitive-cultural model for emotions. The idioms containing the words kalp and yürek are taken from several dictionaries. Those idioms that express or are related to an emotion are determined and included in the study based on an emotion categorization model developed for Turkish. The heart idioms are analyzed in relation to the metaphor-based linguistic account of emotions. Findings reveal different conceptualizations of emotions such as physical damage, fire, burden, agitation, force, and so on. The study demonstrates that yürek and kalp are productive source domains in Turkish for their metaphoric conceptualization of a wide range of emotions, hence constituting a complex cognitive-cultural model for emotion in Turkish.","PeriodicalId":52385,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Semiotics","volume":"143 4","pages":"121 - 139"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/cogsem-2017-0006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72416826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-01-27DOI: 10.1515/cogsem-2017-0011
Peer F. Bundgaard, Jacob Heath, S. Østergaard
Abstract The present work is an attempt to bring meaning to the fore of not only empirical aesthetics but also experimental aesthetics. We have addressed meaning in terms of attention-grabbing perceptual structure, doing so in the strong sense of structure; i.e., structure understood as a pure spatial relation between shapes, independently of what objects these shapes represent. The structures we investigate are the so-called non-generic configurations that obtain between objects seen from a unique vantage point. In the paper, we first introduce the notion of non-genericity, in general, and its use in visual art in particular, where it is claimed to affect the visual brain as an attention grabber. We then present an experiment we have designed to test the effect of such a relation on the visual brain, and we give evidence to the effect that non-generic configurations in pictures do attract attention significantly more than their generic counterparts. Non-genericity can therefore be considered as one among other pictorial techniques artists dispose of to construct perceptual meaning in vision.
{"title":"Aesthetic perception, attention, and non-genericity: How artists exploit the automatisms of perception to construct meaning in vision","authors":"Peer F. Bundgaard, Jacob Heath, S. Østergaard","doi":"10.1515/cogsem-2017-0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/cogsem-2017-0011","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The present work is an attempt to bring meaning to the fore of not only empirical aesthetics but also experimental aesthetics. We have addressed meaning in terms of attention-grabbing perceptual structure, doing so in the strong sense of structure; i.e., structure understood as a pure spatial relation between shapes, independently of what objects these shapes represent. The structures we investigate are the so-called non-generic configurations that obtain between objects seen from a unique vantage point. In the paper, we first introduce the notion of non-genericity, in general, and its use in visual art in particular, where it is claimed to affect the visual brain as an attention grabber. We then present an experiment we have designed to test the effect of such a relation on the visual brain, and we give evidence to the effect that non-generic configurations in pictures do attract attention significantly more than their generic counterparts. Non-genericity can therefore be considered as one among other pictorial techniques artists dispose of to construct perceptual meaning in vision.","PeriodicalId":52385,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Semiotics","volume":"235 1","pages":"120 - 91"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77563042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-01-27DOI: 10.1515/cogsem-2017-0009
P. A. Brandt
Abstract This note offers a summary of my account of money origins, a reflection on the use of blending models, a reminder of Mauss’ important analysis of symbolic exchange, and again an insistence on ecology.
{"title":"More on money: A response to Oakley","authors":"P. A. Brandt","doi":"10.1515/cogsem-2017-0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/cogsem-2017-0009","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This note offers a summary of my account of money origins, a reflection on the use of blending models, a reminder of Mauss’ important analysis of symbolic exchange, and again an insistence on ecology.","PeriodicalId":52385,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Semiotics","volume":"10 1","pages":"205 - 208"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78835222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-01-27DOI: 10.1515/cogsem-2017-0010
Todd Oakley
Abstract Much social cognition and action is dialogical in nature and profitably understood from a second-person perspective. The elemental social roles of “debtor” and “creditor” are of great importance in explaining the structure and history of a wide range of social facts and institutions. Yet these person-level experiences of indebtedness and the mental spaces they engender are not sufficient to account for complex social facts. Sovereign money systems are a leading example where our person-level experiences of exchange lead us astray by actively hindering our ability to grasp money’s macroeconomic functions. This article provides a comprehensive account of money as a distributed cognitive phenomenon. It summarizes and critiques a prior analysis of money as a conceptual blend enabling exchange and subsequently advances an alternative “institutional” blending analysis of money as primarily a store-of-value and unit-of-account. This alternative analysis tracks findings of anthropologists and legal historians of money and banking as well as heterodox economists who make money the centerpiece of their macroeconomic models. The account of money also emphasizes that the underlying logic of sovereign money systems is stubbornly difficult for users of the currency to grasp or accept, as evidenced in a brief televised debate. If money is an instance of institutional blending wherein social structures and their material manifestations have cognitive status, then it recommends a broader argument that human minds themselves are an amalgam of neural assemblies, bodily structures and functions, and environmental structures and arrangements.
{"title":"Debtors, creditors, and sovereign money: A case for institutional blending and the amalgamated mind","authors":"Todd Oakley","doi":"10.1515/cogsem-2017-0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/cogsem-2017-0010","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Much social cognition and action is dialogical in nature and profitably understood from a second-person perspective. The elemental social roles of “debtor” and “creditor” are of great importance in explaining the structure and history of a wide range of social facts and institutions. Yet these person-level experiences of indebtedness and the mental spaces they engender are not sufficient to account for complex social facts. Sovereign money systems are a leading example where our person-level experiences of exchange lead us astray by actively hindering our ability to grasp money’s macroeconomic functions. This article provides a comprehensive account of money as a distributed cognitive phenomenon. It summarizes and critiques a prior analysis of money as a conceptual blend enabling exchange and subsequently advances an alternative “institutional” blending analysis of money as primarily a store-of-value and unit-of-account. This alternative analysis tracks findings of anthropologists and legal historians of money and banking as well as heterodox economists who make money the centerpiece of their macroeconomic models. The account of money also emphasizes that the underlying logic of sovereign money systems is stubbornly difficult for users of the currency to grasp or accept, as evidenced in a brief televised debate. If money is an instance of institutional blending wherein social structures and their material manifestations have cognitive status, then it recommends a broader argument that human minds themselves are an amalgam of neural assemblies, bodily structures and functions, and environmental structures and arrangements.","PeriodicalId":52385,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Semiotics","volume":"17 1","pages":"169 - 203"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89411020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-01-27DOI: 10.1515/cogsem-2017-0008
B. Tversky, Tracy H F Chow
Abstract Languages differ in whether their verbs of motion primarily emphasize manner of motion, for example, skip, scurry, or primarily emphasize path of motion, for example, enter, ascend. This difference affects the ways authors narrate stories and how those stories are translated from path to manner languages and vice versa. When authors who speak manner languages describe complex action paths, they get translated into spatial scenes in path languages and vice versa. We asked whether those differences in describing motion are expressed in visual narratives, in this case, comics directed at teen- and pre-teen boys, comics that are likely to have considerable action. Japanese and Americans rated comic frames on a scale from extreme action to extreme scene-setting taken from the beginning, middle and end of comics from two manner languages, Chinese and English, and two path languages, Japanese and Italian. As predicted, depicted action was rated higher in the manner languages. In addition, action was rated higher for comics in the two eastern languages. Thus, the dominant ways of expressing action in descriptions also appeared in depictions. This effect could be an indirect result of habitual ways of observing the world in anticipation of speaking or it could be a direct result of creating depictions from language.
{"title":"Language and Culture in Visual Narratives","authors":"B. Tversky, Tracy H F Chow","doi":"10.1515/cogsem-2017-0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/cogsem-2017-0008","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Languages differ in whether their verbs of motion primarily emphasize manner of motion, for example, skip, scurry, or primarily emphasize path of motion, for example, enter, ascend. This difference affects the ways authors narrate stories and how those stories are translated from path to manner languages and vice versa. When authors who speak manner languages describe complex action paths, they get translated into spatial scenes in path languages and vice versa. We asked whether those differences in describing motion are expressed in visual narratives, in this case, comics directed at teen- and pre-teen boys, comics that are likely to have considerable action. Japanese and Americans rated comic frames on a scale from extreme action to extreme scene-setting taken from the beginning, middle and end of comics from two manner languages, Chinese and English, and two path languages, Japanese and Italian. As predicted, depicted action was rated higher in the manner languages. In addition, action was rated higher for comics in the two eastern languages. Thus, the dominant ways of expressing action in descriptions also appeared in depictions. This effect could be an indirect result of habitual ways of observing the world in anticipation of speaking or it could be a direct result of creating depictions from language.","PeriodicalId":52385,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive Semiotics","volume":"29 1","pages":"77 - 89"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80305129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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