Pub Date : 2025-06-06DOI: 10.1016/j.jadr.2025.100937
Emily K. Daniel , Carly Johnco , Gemma Sicouri
Cognitive bias modification of Interpretations (CBM-I) has been proposed as a promising mechanistically-focused intervention for social anxiety disorder (SAD). Although CBM-I modifies the interpretation biases associated with SAD, the effect sizes for symptomatic improvements are small. The efficacy of CBM-I may be improved by tailoring the content of the intervention to the targeted disorder (i.e., content-specificity). The current study examined whether content-specific CBM-I was associated with improved bias and symptom outcomes compared to non-content-specific CBM-I. Participants (N = 108, aged 18–35, M = 19.00, SD = 2.44) with elevated social anxiety symptoms were randomly allocated to receive a single session of content-specific or non-content-specific CBM-I. The content-specific group had significantly greater reductions in negative interpretation bias and social interaction anxiety symptoms than the non-content-specific group. There were no group differences for social observation anxiety. However, the non-content-specific group had a significantly larger reduction in state anxiety than the content-specific group. The results indicated that CBM-I for SAD may be improved by matching the content of the intervention to the disorder. Future research should replicate the results using multiple sessions and consider the importance of tailoring CBM-I to diagnostic presentation and specific biases.
{"title":"Content-specificity of a single-session cognitive bias modification of interpretations for social anxiety","authors":"Emily K. Daniel , Carly Johnco , Gemma Sicouri","doi":"10.1016/j.jadr.2025.100937","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jadr.2025.100937","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cognitive bias modification of Interpretations (CBM-I) has been proposed as a promising mechanistically-focused intervention for social anxiety disorder (SAD). Although CBM-I modifies the interpretation biases associated with SAD, the effect sizes for symptomatic improvements are small. The efficacy of CBM-I may be improved by tailoring the content of the intervention to the targeted disorder (i.e., content-specificity). The current study examined whether content-specific CBM-I was associated with improved bias and symptom outcomes compared to non-content-specific CBM-I. Participants (<em>N</em> = 108, aged 18–35, <em>M</em> = 19.00, SD = 2.44) with elevated social anxiety symptoms were randomly allocated to receive a single session of content-specific or non-content-specific CBM-I. The content-specific group had significantly greater reductions in negative interpretation bias and social interaction anxiety symptoms than the non-content-specific group. There were no group differences for social observation anxiety. However, the non-content-specific group had a significantly larger reduction in state anxiety than the content-specific group. The results indicated that CBM-I for SAD may be improved by matching the content of the intervention to the disorder. Future research should replicate the results using multiple sessions and consider the importance of tailoring CBM-I to diagnostic presentation and specific biases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Affective Disorders Reports","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100937"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144331037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-05-26DOI: 10.1016/j.jadr.2025.100936
Md. Hazrat Ali , Syed Billal Hossain , Mir Apel Mahmud , Kazi Mahfujur Rahman , Md. Saikat Mridha , Md. Sadat Hassan , Shafika Rahman , Md. Rezaul Karim
This article focuses on the rising issue of suicidal thoughts among Bangladeshi students, which is prevalent nationwide. It was a cross sectional study to explore the factors associated with suicidal ideation among Bangladeshi students. 442 students of 15 to 30 years, from 1 secondary school, 2 higher secondary Schools, and 1 university spread throughout different regions of Bangladesh were employed in the study, which used an extensive questionnaire with 85 factors, including 78 possible causes for suicide, scored on a 5-point Likert Scale. The data were analyzed using structured equation modeling (SEM) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) techniques. The study observed five factors contributing to suicide ideation, including psychological, social, academic, economic, and physical factors through SEM approach. According to the findings, suicide ideation is highly correlated with factors like age, living area, monthly family income, family issues, feelings of unworthiness, corruption in the nation, and lack of dignity, among Bangladeshi students. Inferences of this study can be utilized to plan research approaches for exploring the ways of suicide prevention and interventions to suicide ideation.
{"title":"Exploration of the factors associated with suicide ideation among students: A structural equation modeling (SEM) approach","authors":"Md. Hazrat Ali , Syed Billal Hossain , Mir Apel Mahmud , Kazi Mahfujur Rahman , Md. Saikat Mridha , Md. Sadat Hassan , Shafika Rahman , Md. Rezaul Karim","doi":"10.1016/j.jadr.2025.100936","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jadr.2025.100936","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article focuses on the rising issue of suicidal thoughts among Bangladeshi students, which is prevalent nationwide. It was a cross sectional study to explore the factors associated with suicidal ideation among Bangladeshi students. 442 students of 15 to 30 years, from 1 secondary school, 2 higher secondary Schools, and 1 university spread throughout different regions of Bangladesh were employed in the study, which used an extensive questionnaire with 85 factors, including 78 possible causes for suicide, scored on a 5-point Likert Scale. The data were analyzed using structured equation modeling (SEM) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) techniques. The study observed five factors contributing to suicide ideation, including psychological, social, academic, economic, and physical factors through SEM approach. According to the findings, suicide ideation is highly correlated with factors like age, living area, monthly family income, family issues, feelings of unworthiness, corruption in the nation, and lack of dignity, among Bangladeshi students. Inferences of this study can be utilized to plan research approaches for exploring the ways of suicide prevention and interventions to suicide ideation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Affective Disorders Reports","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100936"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144178428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-05-25DOI: 10.1016/j.jadr.2025.100935
Xiao Wei Tan , Yuen Yin Joyce Chee , Yin Jia Lim , Frederick Peiwei Koh , Zheng Jie Jovi Koh , Gulwant Hasvinjit Kaur Singh , Si Yun Rachel Tan , Linda Zhong , Phern Chern Tor
Aim
To test the effectiveness of an accelerated acupuncture treatment as an augmentation therapy for patients with primary diagnosis of major depressive symptoms.
Methods
Recruited patients were 1:1 randomly assigned to receive either treatment-as-usual (wait-list controlled group) or with additional acupuncture intervention (treatment group). The acupuncture treatment includes daily scalp acupuncture with manual stimulation for a total of 10 sessions conducted within 2–3 weeks. Blinded raters assessed patients’ depressive symptoms and quality of life at baseline (pre-treatment), immediately after treatment, 2 weeks, and 3 months post-treatment.
Results
A total of 84 patients with 59 (70.2 %) Chinese, 17 (20.2 %) Malay and 4 (4.8 %) Indians participated in this trial. There is an overall improvement of depressive symptoms score assessed by Montgomery–Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) and Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology- Self report 16 items (QIDS-SR16), and an improvement of subjective Quality of life assessed by EQ5D Visual Analogue Score (VAS) and Utility Score (US) from pre-treatment to 3 months post-treatment for patients in both treatment groups and control group. In addition, compared to patients in control group, acupuncture induced an overall significantly better QIDS-SR16 (effect size η2 = 0.15, p = 0.025) and better EQ-5D Visual Analogue Scale score (η2 = 0.20, p = 0.005).
Conclusion
Acupuncture induced an accumulated and delayed antidepressant treatment effect for patients with depression. Our study informed the potential of an accelerated acupuncture treatment as an augmentation antidepressant therapy within a multiethnic South-east Asian population.
目的探讨加速针灸治疗作为一种辅助疗法对原发性抑郁症状患者的疗效。方法入选患者按1:1随机分为常规治疗组（等候名单对照组）和针刺干预组（治疗组）。针灸治疗包括每日头皮针刺加手刺激，共10次，疗程2-3周。盲法评分者在基线（治疗前）、治疗后立即、治疗后2周和治疗后3个月评估患者的抑郁症状和生活质量。结果共84例患者，其中华人59例（70.2%），马来人17例（20.2%），印度人4例（4.8%）。治疗组和对照组患者在治疗前至治疗后3个月，采用Montgomery -Åsberg抑郁评定量表（MADRS）和抑郁症状快速量表-自我报告16项（QIDS-SR16）评估抑郁症状评分总体改善，采用EQ5D视觉模拟评分（VAS）和效用评分（US）评估主观生活质量改善。此外，与对照组相比，针刺总体上显著改善了QIDS-SR16（效应大小η2 = 0.15, p = 0.025）和EQ-5D视觉模拟量表评分（效应大小η2 = 0.20, p = 0.005）。结论针刺对抑郁症患者的抗抑郁作用具有累积性和延迟性。我们的研究表明，在东南亚多民族人群中，加速针灸治疗作为一种增强抗抑郁治疗的潜力。
{"title":"Accelerated acupuncture therapy for patients with major depressive symptoms: a single blind, randomized wait-list controlled trial","authors":"Xiao Wei Tan , Yuen Yin Joyce Chee , Yin Jia Lim , Frederick Peiwei Koh , Zheng Jie Jovi Koh , Gulwant Hasvinjit Kaur Singh , Si Yun Rachel Tan , Linda Zhong , Phern Chern Tor","doi":"10.1016/j.jadr.2025.100935","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jadr.2025.100935","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aim</h3><div>To test the effectiveness of an accelerated acupuncture treatment as an augmentation therapy for patients with primary diagnosis of major depressive symptoms.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Recruited patients were 1:1 randomly assigned to receive either treatment-as-usual (wait-list controlled group) or with additional acupuncture intervention (treatment group). The acupuncture treatment includes daily scalp acupuncture with manual stimulation for a total of 10 sessions conducted within 2–3 weeks. Blinded raters assessed patients’ depressive symptoms and quality of life at baseline (pre-treatment), immediately after treatment, 2 weeks, and 3 months post-treatment.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 84 patients with 59 (70.2 %) Chinese, 17 (20.2 %) Malay and 4 (4.8 %) Indians participated in this trial. There is an overall improvement of depressive symptoms score assessed by Montgomery–Åsberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) and Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology- Self report 16 items (QIDS-SR16), and an improvement of subjective Quality of life assessed by EQ5D Visual Analogue Score (VAS) and Utility Score (US) from pre-treatment to 3 months post-treatment for patients in both treatment groups and control group. In addition, compared to patients in control group, acupuncture induced an overall significantly better QIDS-SR16 (effect size <em>η<sup>2</sup></em> = 0.15, <em>p</em> = 0.025) and better EQ-5D Visual Analogue Scale score (<em>η<sup>2</sup></em> = 0.20, <em>p</em> = 0.005).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Acupuncture induced an accumulated and delayed antidepressant treatment effect for patients with depression. Our study informed the potential of an accelerated acupuncture treatment as an augmentation antidepressant therapy within a multiethnic South-east Asian population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Affective Disorders Reports","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100935"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144195918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-05-19DOI: 10.1016/j.jadr.2025.100931
Hannah Klusmann , Caroline Meyer , Sinha Engel , Stephanie Haering , Meike Katharina Blecker , Elisabeth Conrad , Franziska Reichmuth , Sarah Schumacher , Christine Knaevelsrud
Background
Individuals who experience an unintended pregnancy are at risk of developing depressive symptoms, regardless of whether the pregnancy is terminated or carried to term. Knowledge about particularly vulnerable individuals after an unintended pregnancy and about potential mechanisms of change is scarce.
Methods
This study investigated whether participants with childhood maltreatment after an unintended pregnancy (abortion or delivery), and whether difficulties in emotion regulation contribute significantly to depressive symptoms, beyond the effects of childhood maltreatment. Welch t-tests, chi-square-tests and hierarchical regression analysis were conducted.
Results
We included 190 participants, 46.8 % of whom had experienced childhood maltreatment. Participants with childhood maltreatment reported greater depressive symptoms (t = 4.23, df=186, p<.001) and were more likely to fulfill the diagnostic criteria for a depressive episode with onset during or after the pregnancy (χ²=6.5354, df=1, p< .05). The unique contribution of childhood maltreatment to depressive symptoms was 7 % (F(184,1) = 21.52, p < .001), the unique contribution of difficulties in emotion regulation to depressive symptoms was 28 % (F(183,1) = 80.70, p < .001).
Limitations
Limitations include the cross-sectional design and self-selected sample. Furthermore, only participants with unintended pregnancies were included, impeding comparisons with intended pregnancies.
Conclusions
Individuals with childhood maltreatment are specifically vulnerable to developing depressive symptoms after an unintended pregnancy. Preventive interventions should identify these individuals and provide individualized support as early as possible. Emotion regulation may be a promising intervention target for reducing depressive symptoms after an unintended pregnancy.
背景：经历意外怀孕的个体，无论是否终止妊娠或足月妊娠，都有出现抑郁症状的风险。关于意外怀孕后特别脆弱的个体以及潜在的改变机制的知识很少。方法本研究调查了儿童期受虐者是否在意外怀孕（流产或分娩）后发生过意外怀孕，以及情绪调节困难是否在儿童期受虐影响之外对抑郁症状有显著影响。采用Welch t检验、卡方检验和分层回归分析。结果我们纳入190名参与者，其中46.8%的人曾经历过童年虐待。儿童期遭受虐待的参与者报告了更大的抑郁症状（t = 4.23, df=186, p<.001），并且更有可能在怀孕期间或之后出现抑郁发作的诊断标准(χ²=6.5354,df=1, p<；. 05)。儿童期虐待对抑郁症状的独特贡献为7% (F(184,1) = 21.52, p <；.001)，情绪调节困难对抑郁症状的独特贡献为28% (F(183,1) = 80.70, p <；措施)。局限性局限性包括横断面设计和自选样本。此外，只有意外怀孕的参与者被包括在内，阻碍了与计划怀孕的比较。结论儿童期受虐待的个体在意外怀孕后特别容易出现抑郁症状。预防性干预应尽早识别这些个体并提供个性化支持。情绪调节可能是减少意外怀孕后抑郁症状的一个有希望的干预目标。
{"title":"Childhood maltreatment as a risk factor for depressive symptoms after an unintended pregnancy: The role of emotion regulation difficulties","authors":"Hannah Klusmann , Caroline Meyer , Sinha Engel , Stephanie Haering , Meike Katharina Blecker , Elisabeth Conrad , Franziska Reichmuth , Sarah Schumacher , Christine Knaevelsrud","doi":"10.1016/j.jadr.2025.100931","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jadr.2025.100931","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Individuals who experience an unintended pregnancy are at risk of developing depressive symptoms, regardless of whether the pregnancy is terminated or carried to term. Knowledge about particularly vulnerable individuals after an unintended pregnancy and about potential mechanisms of change is scarce.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study investigated whether participants with childhood maltreatment after an unintended pregnancy (abortion or delivery), and whether difficulties in emotion regulation contribute significantly to depressive symptoms, beyond the effects of childhood maltreatment. Welch <em>t</em>-tests, chi-square-tests and hierarchical regression analysis were conducted.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We included 190 participants, 46.8 % of whom had experienced childhood maltreatment. Participants with childhood maltreatment reported greater depressive symptoms (<em>t</em> = 4.23, df=186, <em>p</em><.001) and were more likely to fulfill the diagnostic criteria for a depressive episode with onset during or after the pregnancy (χ²=6.5354, df=1, <em>p</em>< .05). The unique contribution of childhood maltreatment to depressive symptoms was 7 % (F(184,1) = 21.52, <em>p</em> < .001), the unique contribution of difficulties in emotion regulation to depressive symptoms was 28 % (F(183,1) = 80.70, <em>p</em> < .001).</div></div><div><h3>Limitations</h3><div>Limitations include the cross-sectional design and self-selected sample. Furthermore, only participants with unintended pregnancies were included, impeding comparisons with intended pregnancies.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Individuals with childhood maltreatment are specifically vulnerable to developing depressive symptoms after an unintended pregnancy. Preventive interventions should identify these individuals and provide individualized support as early as possible. Emotion regulation may be a promising intervention target for reducing depressive symptoms after an unintended pregnancy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Affective Disorders Reports","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100931"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144184300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-05-18DOI: 10.1016/j.jadr.2025.100932
Sheryl L. Foster , Ramon Landin-Romero , Sarah Lewis , Ana Rita Barreiros , Sophie Matis , Anthony Harris , Mayuresh S. Korgaonkar
Background
Treatment resistance impacts almost 50 % of depression patients, with amygdala dysfunction being widely implicated. fMRI studies have typically focussed on identifying whole rather than individual subregional amygdala functional connectivity but this approach, together with cohort heterogeneity, is likely contributing to inconsistent results. This study used high resolution 3T fMRI data to investigate subregional alterations that may differentiate treatment-resistant cohorts from healthy individuals and depressed patients who respond to treatment.
Methods
Resting-state fMRI data were obtained in 35 participants diagnosed with Treatment-Resistant Depression (TRD), 38 healthy control participants (HC), and 35 treatment-sensitive participants (TSD). Seed-based functional connectivity analyses of three main subregions bilaterally (laterobasal, centromedial and superficial), as well as the whole amygdala, were performed and comparisons made between groups.
Results
We found connectivity differences in the right laterobasal amygdala subregion in TRD compared to both groups. TRD patients displayed hypoconnectivity to the right fusiform gyrus relative to HC whereas hyperconnectivity to the left inferior frontal gyrus relative to TSD was identified. No connectivity differences were found for the whole amygdala or any of the other subregions bilaterally.
Limitations
Modest sample size and cross-sectional study design are limitations. A causal relationship between functional connectivity alterations and treatment resistance cannot be established.
Conclusion
Altered connectivity of the right laterobasal subregion is a distinguishing feature of TRD. These alterations may underlie severe impairments in emotion processing and social functioning that are characteristic of TRD. These results emphasise the need for further investigation of the functional role of the amygdala subregions in depression.
{"title":"Amygdala subregional functional connectivity in treatment-resistant depression","authors":"Sheryl L. Foster , Ramon Landin-Romero , Sarah Lewis , Ana Rita Barreiros , Sophie Matis , Anthony Harris , Mayuresh S. Korgaonkar","doi":"10.1016/j.jadr.2025.100932","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jadr.2025.100932","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Treatment resistance impacts almost 50 % of depression patients, with amygdala dysfunction being widely implicated. fMRI studies have typically focussed on identifying whole rather than individual subregional amygdala functional connectivity but this approach, together with cohort heterogeneity, is likely contributing to inconsistent results. This study used high resolution 3T fMRI data to investigate subregional alterations that may differentiate treatment-resistant cohorts from healthy individuals and depressed patients who respond to treatment.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Resting-state fMRI data were obtained in 35 participants diagnosed with Treatment-Resistant Depression (TRD), 38 healthy control participants (HC), and 35 treatment-sensitive participants (TSD). Seed-based functional connectivity analyses of three main subregions bilaterally (laterobasal, centromedial and superficial), as well as the whole amygdala, were performed and comparisons made between groups.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We found <strong>c</strong>onnectivity differences in the right laterobasal amygdala subregion in TRD compared to both groups. TRD patients displayed hypoconnectivity to the right fusiform gyrus relative to HC whereas hyperconnectivity to the left inferior frontal gyrus relative to TSD was identified. No connectivity differences were found for the whole amygdala or any of the other subregions bilaterally.</div></div><div><h3>Limitations</h3><div>Modest sample size and cross-sectional study design are limitations. A causal relationship between functional connectivity alterations and treatment resistance cannot be established.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Altered connectivity of the right laterobasal subregion is a distinguishing feature of TRD. These alterations may underlie severe impairments in emotion processing and social functioning that are characteristic of TRD. These results emphasise the need for further investigation of the functional role of the amygdala subregions in depression.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Affective Disorders Reports","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100932"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144138930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-05-18DOI: 10.1016/j.jadr.2025.100933
Jennifer Cuda , David Smith , Arthur R. Chaves , Karina L. Fonseca , Jessica Drodge , Stacey Shim , Youssef Nasr , Maya El-Outa , Ram Brender , Ruxandra Antochi , Lisa McMurray , Rebecca Robillard , Sara Tremblay
Background
Major depressive disorder is often accompanied by sleep disturbances, which have been found to influence response to antidepressant treatments. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), including novel optimized protocols like theta burst stimulation (TBS), is an effective intervention for treatment-resistant depression, although little is known about the relationship between sleep and the antidepressant effects of this treatment.
Methods
Sixty-six individuals with treatment-resistant depression received 4 to 6 weeks of daily TBS treatments targeting the left-unilateral or bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). Depression severity was measured using the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HRSD-17) and subjective sleep using the Leeds Sleep Evaluation Questionnaire (LSEQ). Data was analyzed with linear mixed models and Spearman correlations.
Results
TBS significantly reduced HRSD-17 scores and improved LSEQ subscales reflecting sleep quality, ease of awakening from sleep, and behavior following wakefulness. Improvements in symptoms of depression were associated with improvement in behavior following waking after 20 and 30 TBS sessions, but not with sleep quality.
Limitations
Limitations include a limited sample size, lack of sham condition, subjective measures of sleep and variable number of treatments (20 or 30 TBS sessions).
Conclusions
These findings suggest that TBS treatments concurrently improve subjective sleep quality and depression symptoms. Additionally, changes in depression more closely aligned with changes in sleep-related daytime functioning than with sleep quality per se. Further work is required to delineate how sleep improvements following neuromodulation may contribute to the antidepressant response.
{"title":"Examining alterations in subjective sleep ratings in individuals with major depressive disorder receiving daily theta burst stimulation","authors":"Jennifer Cuda , David Smith , Arthur R. Chaves , Karina L. Fonseca , Jessica Drodge , Stacey Shim , Youssef Nasr , Maya El-Outa , Ram Brender , Ruxandra Antochi , Lisa McMurray , Rebecca Robillard , Sara Tremblay","doi":"10.1016/j.jadr.2025.100933","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jadr.2025.100933","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Major depressive disorder is often accompanied by sleep disturbances, which have been found to influence response to antidepressant treatments. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), including novel optimized protocols like theta burst stimulation (TBS), is an effective intervention for treatment-resistant depression, although little is known about the relationship between sleep and the antidepressant effects of this treatment.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Sixty-six individuals with treatment-resistant depression received 4 to 6 weeks of daily TBS treatments targeting the left-unilateral or bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). Depression severity was measured using the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HRSD-17) and subjective sleep using the Leeds Sleep Evaluation Questionnaire (LSEQ). Data was analyzed with linear mixed models and Spearman correlations.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>TBS significantly reduced HRSD-17 scores and improved LSEQ subscales reflecting sleep quality, ease of awakening from sleep, and behavior following wakefulness. Improvements in symptoms of depression were associated with improvement in behavior following waking after 20 and 30 TBS sessions, but not with sleep quality.</div></div><div><h3>Limitations</h3><div>Limitations include a limited sample size, lack of sham condition, subjective measures of sleep and variable number of treatments (20 or 30 TBS sessions).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>These findings suggest that TBS treatments concurrently improve subjective sleep quality and depression symptoms. Additionally, changes in depression more closely aligned with changes in sleep-related daytime functioning than with sleep quality per se. Further work is required to delineate how sleep improvements following neuromodulation may contribute to the antidepressant response.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Affective Disorders Reports","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100933"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144138931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-05-16DOI: 10.1016/j.jadr.2025.100929
Nikapitiye Nandarathana, Jay Kumar Ranjan, Madhubanti Sinha
Background
A number of reviews report the efficacy of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) in the treatment of depressive disorders, however, there is a dearth of qualitative reviews examining the efficacy of MBCT in regulating cognitions and emotions.
Objective
To systematically review the efficacy of MBCT in alleviating depressive symptoms, preventing relapse in patients with depression (PWD), and identify the different cognitive and affective factors that influence its effectiveness.
Methods
A comprehensive search was conducted in six electronic databases (PubMed, EBSCOhost, Web of Science, JSTOR, Scopus, and Science Direct) up to May 13, 2024 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing MBCT in adults with depressive disorders. We appraised the methodological quality of the included studies using Cochrane Risk-of-Bias 2.0.
Results
The present systematic review followed the PRISMA guideline, and out of 1151 screened studies, 117 were eligible for full-text review. 17 studies were finally included in this review. All included studies utilized RCTs, comparing MBCT vs treatment as usual (TAU) and one study compares MBCT with cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and TAU. The results support that MBCT effectively manages the symptoms of depressive disorders and regulates cognition and emotions.
Conclusion
MBCT, when implemented with pharmacological treatment, demonstrates significant efficacy in alleviating depressive symptoms, reducing thought rumination, regulating emotions, and enhancing mindfulness. Further, MBCT reduces relapse rates in patients with depression.
PROSPERO registration
CRD42024548497
背景：许多综述报道了正念认知疗法（MBCT）治疗抑郁症的疗效，然而，关于MBCT在调节认知和情绪方面的疗效的定性综述却很少。目的系统回顾MBCT在缓解抑郁症（PWD）患者抑郁症状、预防复发方面的疗效，并探讨影响其疗效的不同认知和情感因素。方法综合检索截至2024年5月13日的6个电子数据库（PubMed、EBSCOhost、Web of Science、JSTOR、Scopus和Science Direct）中评估成人抑郁症MBCT的随机对照试验（RCTs）。我们使用Cochrane风险偏倚2.0评价纳入研究的方法学质量。本系统综述遵循PRISMA指南，在1151项筛选研究中，有117项符合全文综述的条件。17项研究最终纳入本综述。所有纳入的研究均采用随机对照试验，比较MBCT与常规治疗（TAU），一项研究将MBCT与认知行为治疗（CBT）和TAU进行比较。结果支持MBCT有效管理抑郁症的症状，调节认知和情绪。结论mbct配合药物治疗在缓解抑郁症状、减少思想反刍、调节情绪、增强正念等方面具有显著疗效。此外，MBCT还能降低抑郁症患者的复发率。普洛斯彼罗registrationCRD42024548497
{"title":"The efficacy of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy in regulating cognition and emotion of patients with depression: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials","authors":"Nikapitiye Nandarathana, Jay Kumar Ranjan, Madhubanti Sinha","doi":"10.1016/j.jadr.2025.100929","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jadr.2025.100929","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>A number of reviews report the efficacy of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) in the treatment of depressive disorders, however, there is a dearth of qualitative reviews examining the efficacy of MBCT in regulating cognitions and emotions.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To systematically review the efficacy of MBCT in alleviating depressive symptoms, preventing relapse in patients with depression (PWD), and identify the different cognitive and affective factors that influence its effectiveness.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A comprehensive search was conducted in six electronic databases (PubMed, EBSCOhost, Web of Science, JSTOR, Scopus, and Science Direct) up to May 13, 2024 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing MBCT in adults with depressive disorders. We appraised the methodological quality of the included studies using Cochrane Risk-of-Bias 2.0.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The present systematic review followed the PRISMA guideline, and out of 1151 screened studies, 117 were eligible for full-text review. 17 studies were finally included in this review. All included studies utilized RCTs, comparing MBCT vs treatment as usual (TAU) and one study compares MBCT with cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and TAU. The results support that MBCT effectively manages the symptoms of depressive disorders and regulates cognition and emotions.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>MBCT, when implemented with pharmacological treatment, demonstrates significant efficacy in alleviating depressive symptoms, reducing thought rumination, regulating emotions, and enhancing mindfulness. Further, MBCT reduces relapse rates in patients with depression.</div></div><div><h3>PROSPERO registration</h3><div>CRD42024548497</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Affective Disorders Reports","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100929"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144114950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-05-08DOI: 10.1016/j.jadr.2025.100930
Donia Shalabi , Matilda Plume , Hanna Berggren , Hanna Nguyen , Steinn Steingrimsson , Tomas Larson , Jacqueline Borg , Constanze Wartenberg
Objective
This systematic review evaluates the efficacy of group psychotherapy for adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Symptoms of depression, mortality, drop out due to lack of effect or side effects, complications, anxiety, global functioning, and quality of life were considered as outcomes.
Methods
Following PRISMA guidelines and pre-registration in PROSPERO, the databases MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, CINAHL, and APA PsycINFO were searched in December 2022 for studies involving adults with ASD that compared group psychotherapy with other individual psychotherapy, pharmacological treatment, other active interventions, or waiting list. The risk of bias of included studies was assessed, and data were extracted and summarized. Meta-analyses were planned if appropriate. The certainty of the evidence was assessed using GRADE.
Results
Five studies (n = 261) were included. Four studies (3 randomized controlled trials [RCTs], 1 non-RCT) compared group psychotherapy to waiting list. Given the studies’ heterogeneity no meta-analyses were performed. The studies reported inconsistent findings regarding depressive symptoms and anxiety. None of the studies reported data regarding quality of life, global functioning, mortality or suicide, drop out, or complications. One RCT comparing group psychotherapy to recreational activity found no significant difference in depressive symptoms, global functioning, or quality of life. No study comparing group psychotherapy with other individual psychotherapy or pharmacological treatment was found.
Conclusion
Based on five controlled studies it is uncertain whether group psychotherapy compared to waiting list or recreational activity results in differences in depressive symptoms, anxiety, global functioning, or quality of life in adults with ASD.
{"title":"Effects of group psychotherapy compared to waiting list or other active intervention on depression and other clinical outcomes in adults with autism spectrum disorder: A systematic review","authors":"Donia Shalabi , Matilda Plume , Hanna Berggren , Hanna Nguyen , Steinn Steingrimsson , Tomas Larson , Jacqueline Borg , Constanze Wartenberg","doi":"10.1016/j.jadr.2025.100930","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jadr.2025.100930","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This systematic review evaluates the efficacy of group psychotherapy for adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Symptoms of depression, mortality, drop out due to lack of effect or side effects, complications, anxiety, global functioning, and quality of life were considered as outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Following PRISMA guidelines and pre-registration in PROSPERO, the databases MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, CINAHL, and APA PsycINFO were searched in December 2022 for studies involving adults with ASD that compared group psychotherapy with other individual psychotherapy, pharmacological treatment, other active interventions, or waiting list. The risk of bias of included studies was assessed, and data were extracted and summarized. Meta-analyses were planned if appropriate. The certainty of the evidence was assessed using GRADE.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Five studies (<em>n</em> = 261) were included. Four studies (3 randomized controlled trials [RCTs], 1 non-RCT) compared group psychotherapy to waiting list. Given the studies’ heterogeneity no meta-analyses were performed. The studies reported inconsistent findings regarding depressive symptoms and anxiety. None of the studies reported data regarding quality of life, global functioning, mortality or suicide, drop out, or complications. One RCT comparing group psychotherapy to recreational activity found no significant difference in depressive symptoms, global functioning, or quality of life. No study comparing group psychotherapy with other individual psychotherapy or pharmacological treatment was found.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Based on five controlled studies it is uncertain whether group psychotherapy compared to waiting list or recreational activity results in differences in depressive symptoms, anxiety, global functioning, or quality of life in adults with ASD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Affective Disorders Reports","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100930"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144107385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-05-08DOI: 10.1016/j.jadr.2025.100928
Madhuri Molleti , Jeremy Chu , Angela Chieh , Rongbing Xie , Li Li
Objective
This study aims to describe the prevalence, screening, and treatment rates for depression in adolescents in ambulatory settings in the United States.
Method
Physician-reported data on 444,080,295 male and female adolescents ages 13-18 were extracted from the 2008-2018 CDC National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey datasets. Body mass index (BMI) percentiles were calculated using the CDC’s SAS calculator, and particpants were then stratified into weight groups based on their BMI percentiles. Statistical testing included t-test and chi-square to determine association between weight groups and depression, and regression analysis was used to determine predictors of depression. Weighting factors were applied to improve comparability and reduce bias.
Results
16.89% of participants had obese BMI percentiles, and 13.81% had overweight, 43.39% had healthy, and 25.91% had underweight BMI percentiles. Depression screening rates in adolescents with obesity is 2.89%, overweight is 3.35%, healthy weight is 3.49%, and underweight is 2.83% (p=0.382). Prevalence of depression in adolescents with obesity is 7.17%, overweight is 6.04%, healthy weight is 6.31%, and underweight is 12.14% (p<0.0001). Prevalence of counseling and psychotherapy in adolescents with obesity is 2.70%, overweight is 2.89%, healthy weight is 2.92%, and underweight is 11.27% (p<0.0001). Patients seen by primary care health workers, age, female sex, number of chronic conditions, and increased visits are significant predictors of depression diagnosis in adolescents.
Conclusion
Depression in adolescents with overweight or obese status is under-screened for, under-identified, and under-treated. More mental health counseling and psychotherapy must be offered to those with both depression and obesity.
{"title":"Depression prevalence, screening, and treatment rates in adolescents with obesity in ambulatory settings","authors":"Madhuri Molleti , Jeremy Chu , Angela Chieh , Rongbing Xie , Li Li","doi":"10.1016/j.jadr.2025.100928","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jadr.2025.100928","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aims to describe the prevalence, screening, and treatment rates for depression in adolescents in ambulatory settings in the United States.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>Physician-reported data on 444,080,295 male and female adolescents ages 13-18 were extracted from the 2008-2018 CDC National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey datasets. Body mass index (BMI) percentiles were calculated using the CDC’s SAS calculator, and particpants were then stratified into weight groups based on their BMI percentiles. Statistical testing included t-test and chi-square to determine association between weight groups and depression, and regression analysis was used to determine predictors of depression. Weighting factors were applied to improve comparability and reduce bias.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>16.89% of participants had obese BMI percentiles, and 13.81% had overweight, 43.39% had healthy, and 25.91% had underweight BMI percentiles. Depression screening rates in adolescents with obesity is 2.89%, overweight is 3.35%, healthy weight is 3.49%, and underweight is 2.83% (<em>p</em>=0.382). Prevalence of depression in adolescents with obesity is 7.17%, overweight is 6.04%, healthy weight is 6.31%, and underweight is 12.14% (<em>p</em><0.0001). Prevalence of counseling and psychotherapy in adolescents with obesity is 2.70%, overweight is 2.89%, healthy weight is 2.92%, and underweight is 11.27% (<em>p</em><0.0001). Patients seen by primary care health workers, age, female sex, number of chronic conditions, and increased visits are significant predictors of depression diagnosis in adolescents.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Depression in adolescents with overweight or obese status is under-screened for, under-identified, and under-treated. More mental health counseling and psychotherapy must be offered to those with both depression and obesity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Affective Disorders Reports","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100928"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143942357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-26DOI: 10.1016/j.jadr.2025.100918
Joseph P. Nano , William A. Catterall , Michael L. Chang , Mina H. Ghaly
Objective
To investigate how remote learning has affected undergraduate students' learning abilities, academic success, and mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods
This cross-sectional study took place between April and June 2020 in the United States. Participants completed a survey consisting of demographic questions, Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21 Items (DASS-21), and an open-ended question. We used a logistic regression model on objective variables and conducted a systematic thematic analysis of the open-ended response.
Results
Our final sample consisted of 1,173 full-time undergraduate students in the United States. Most participants were public university students (n=835, 71.2 %) and reported that moving to remote learning had a negative impact on their school performance (n=802, 68.4 %). Students’ positive experiences in remote learning were associated with moving to their family’s house (p<0.05), living on campus in a dorm (p<0.05), and no internet issues during classes (p<0.0001). From the thematic analysis, we found six common themes among those who reported having a negative experience with remote learning that focused on the following topics: (1) Students had to adjust to an online learning environment; (2) Students had to adjust to the home environment; (3) Students experienced mental health difficulties; (4) Students dealt with political tension; (5) Students felt uncertain about future opportunities; and (6) Students lacked motivation to do work.
Limitations
The results of this study may not be generalizable to undergraduate students outside of the United States due to differences in lockdown restrictions.
Conclusion
Remote learning during COVID-19 had a negative impact on the majority of undergraduate students’ academic performance and mental health.
{"title":"“I wish I could work on school stuff.” Investigating the impact of remote learning on undergraduate students’ academic success and mental health during the COVID-19 lockdown","authors":"Joseph P. Nano , William A. Catterall , Michael L. Chang , Mina H. Ghaly","doi":"10.1016/j.jadr.2025.100918","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jadr.2025.100918","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To investigate how remote learning has affected undergraduate students' learning abilities, academic success, and mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This cross-sectional study took place between April and June 2020 in the United States. Participants completed a survey consisting of demographic questions, Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21 Items (DASS-21), and an open-ended question. We used a logistic regression model on objective variables and conducted a systematic thematic analysis of the open-ended response.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Our final sample consisted of 1,173 full-time undergraduate students in the United States. Most participants were public university students (<em>n</em>=835, 71.2 %) and reported that moving to remote learning had a negative impact on their school performance (<em>n</em>=802, 68.4 %). Students’ positive experiences in remote learning were associated with moving to their family’s house (<em>p</em><0.05), living on campus in a dorm (<em>p</em><0.05), and no internet issues during classes (<em>p</em><0.0001). From the thematic analysis, we found six common themes among those who reported having a negative experience with remote learning that focused on the following topics: (1) Students had to adjust to an online learning environment; (2) Students had to adjust to the home environment; (3) Students experienced mental health difficulties; (4) Students dealt with political tension; (5) Students felt uncertain about future opportunities; and (6) Students lacked motivation to do work.</div></div><div><h3>Limitations</h3><div>The results of this study may not be generalizable to undergraduate students outside of the United States due to differences in lockdown restrictions.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Remote learning during COVID-19 had a negative impact on the majority of undergraduate students’ academic performance and mental health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Affective Disorders Reports","volume":"21 ","pages":"Article 100918"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143949001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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