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North Caucasus: the Mountain of Languages and the Language of Mountains 北高加索:语言之山与山脉之语
Pub Date : 2022-12-15 DOI: 10.22363/2618-897x-2022-19-2-158-174
Z. A. Kuchukova, Kazim Kalletovich Bauaev
The North Caucasian region is called the Russian Babylon due to its polyethnicity, multilingualism, religious syncretism, ancient mountain ethical codes coexisting along with state institutions of self-organization. Compared to other locales, it still manages to preserve many archaic forms of socio-normative and spiritual culture, although here, too, the first signs of a systemic crisis due to globalization processes are already visible. According to the articles presented in this journal issue, one can judge the current state and prospects for the development of the national languages and literatures of the Abkhaz, Balkars, Dagestanis, Kabardians, Karachays, Chechens, South and North Ossetians. Philosophers, literary scholars, folklorists, linguists raise and try to solve many urgent problems related to oral folk art, the status of the Russian language in the region, mass and literary bilingualism, the quality of literary translation, ethno-gender stereotypes, intertextuality mechanisms, as well as the possibility of using digital technologies in modern philological research.
北高加索地区因其多民族、多语言、宗教融合、古老的山区道德规范与自我组织的国家机构共存而被称为俄罗斯的巴比伦。与其他地区相比,它仍然设法保留了许多古老的社会规范和精神文化形式,尽管在这里,由于全球化进程而产生的系统性危机的最初迹象已经可见。根据这期杂志上的文章,可以判断阿布哈兹、巴尔卡尔、达吉斯坦、卡巴尔迪亚、卡拉恰伊、车臣、南奥塞梯和北奥塞梯等民族语言文学的发展现状和前景。哲学家、文学学者、民俗学家、语言学家提出并试图解决许多亟待解决的问题,这些问题涉及民间口头艺术、俄语在该地区的地位、大众和文学双语、文学翻译质量、民族-性别刻板印象、互文性机制,以及在现代语言学研究中使用数字技术的可能性。
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引用次数: 0
Formation of the Linguistic Picture of the World of Bilinguals 双语者世界语言图景的形成
Pub Date : 2022-12-09 DOI: 10.22363/2618-897x-2022-19-4-587-595
N. .. Afanasieva, S. Zakharchenko, I. Mogileva
The authors of the article analyze the specifics of the formation of the linguistic picture of bilinguals, in whose minds two cultural codes are combined. The authors suggest that the linguistic picture of the world of bilinguals differs from the picture of a native speaker. When forming a bilingual linguistic personality, two cultures merge in his mind; many historical, social facts, influenced by individual and personal views, judgments, assessments, get a brighter color, are described differently, which makes it possible to understand the worldview of another person. Natural bilinguals, unlike artificial ones, have a combination of two pictures of the world, two cultural codes. However, both pictures in the mind of a bilingual, who is not divorced from one of the language environments, combine, change and eventually form another one with its own specific features. Bilingual writers, in whose minds two different languages are combined, using, for example, the Russian language when creating their work, nevertheless find themselves in the system of images of their native language, native culture. As a result, expressions, stylistic techniques and other means of artistic expression that are atypical for native speakers appear. This is how a new cultural code appears, which requires special linguistic means. A bilingual writer evaluates any phenomenon from the point of view of the native cultural The article provides examples: some characteristic features of the work of the Swedish bilingual writer of Greek origin Theodor Kallifatides, Russian-American writer V.V. Russian Russian and Kyrgyz literature by Chingiz Aitmatov, Russian French writer Andrei Makin. A bilingual author, in whose mind two different worlds are connected, nevertheless is closer to the system of images of his native language, native culture.
本文分析了双语者心目中两种文化密码相结合的语言图景形成的具体情况。作者认为,双语世界的语言图景与母语者的图景不同。在双语人格形成过程中,两种文化在他的脑海中融合;许多历史的、社会的事实,受到个人和个人的观点、判断、评估的影响,得到了更明亮的色彩,被不同地描述,这使得理解另一个人的世界观成为可能。自然双语者与人工双语者不同,他们拥有两种世界图景和两种文化密码的组合。然而,双语者并没有脱离其中的一种语言环境,在他们的脑海中,这两种画面会结合、变化,最终形成另一种具有自己特定特征的画面。双语作家将两种不同的语言结合在一起,例如在创作作品时使用俄语,但他们发现自己处于母语和本土文化的形象体系中。因此,出现了非典型的母语人士的表达方式、风格技巧和其他艺术表达方式。一种新的文化密码就是这样出现的,它需要特殊的语言手段。本文列举了希腊裔瑞典双语作家西奥多·卡利法提德、俄裔美国作家V.V.·艾特马托夫、俄裔法国作家安德烈·马金等人的作品特点。一个双语作家,在他的心目中,两个不同的世界是连接在一起的,然而,他更接近于他的母语、本土文化的形象体系。
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引用次数: 0
Patricia Grace’s “Potiki”: Indigenous Māori Narrative Through the Lens of the Transculturalism Theory 帕特里夏·格雷斯的《波提基》:跨文化主义视角下的土著Māori叙事
Pub Date : 2022-12-09 DOI: 10.22363/2618-897x-2022-19-4-637-649
Semyon S. Galaktionov, Z. Proshina
The article examines the identity and work of Patricia Grace, a New Zealand writer of the Māori Renaissance period. Her fate echoes the life stories of many indigenous Māori people with mixed origins, and in regards to that it is interesting to see how this aspect of her existence was reflected in the works she created. Within the framework of this study, Grace’s identity and her literary style are analyzed from the standpoint of theory of translingualism and transculturalism. Particular attention is paid to the criticism and reception of Grace’s work in the literary community and to the development of the most suitable approach to studying her texts. This approach is developed on the basis of the concept of transculturation by F. Ortiz, research by Z.G. Proshina in the field of translingual literature, post-colonial research by H.-K. Trask and the works of M.V. Tlostanova on gender philosophy. Grace’s most famous novel “Potiki” was chosen as an example that confirms the transcultural and translingual nature of her literature. The analysis of the novel allows one to read it as not just a story-driven novel, but as a complex text that contains many elements of Māori culture hidden from a non-indigenous reader.
本文考察了Māori文艺复兴时期新西兰作家帕特里夏·格雷斯的身份和作品。她的命运与许多土著Māori人的生活故事相呼应,在这方面,看到她的存在如何反映在她创作的作品中是很有趣的。在本文的研究框架内,本文从翻译主义和跨文化主义理论的角度分析了格蕾丝的身份及其文学风格。特别关注的是在文学界对格蕾丝作品的批评和接受,以及研究她的文本的最合适方法的发展。这一研究方法是在奥尔蒂斯(F. Ortiz)的“跨文化”(transculturation)概念、普罗希纳(Z.G. Proshina)在翻译文学领域的研究、h . k . h . k . j .的后殖民研究的基础上发展起来的。特拉斯克与M.V.托洛斯塔诺娃关于性别哲学的著作。格蕾丝最著名的小说《波提基》被选为例子,证实了她文学作品的跨文化和跨语言性质。通过对小说的分析,人们不仅可以将其视为一部故事驱动的小说,还可以将其视为一部复杂的文本,其中包含许多Māori文化元素,这些元素对非土著读者来说是隐藏的。
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引用次数: 0
Time in the Elegiac Poetry of I. Brodsky and R. Kharis: to the Problem of Differences 布罗德斯基和卡里斯诗歌中的时间:对差异问题的思考
Pub Date : 2022-12-09 DOI: 10.22363/2618-897x-2022-19-4-650-661
A. Khabibullina
This article is devoted to a comparative study of elegy and elegiac works of I.Brodsky and R.Kharis in the aspect of the category of time as the most important in the architectonics and content of the elegiac genre. The actual basis of the article is formed by such well-known works of Brodsky as “Almost elegy”, “Roman elegies”, “Autumn cry of a hawk” etc. and the elegies of R.Kharis the Tatar poet of the 2nd half of the XX - beginning of the XXI century: “Elegy (There is blue smoke in my room)”, “Seven elegies about the sense of life”, “August”, ‘Cemetery dust”. The conclusion is made about similarity of the type of artistic thinking of the two authors, which is based on the dominance of the rational beginning in creativity. It is stated that lyrical hero of Kharis’s elegies is not opposed to time, his century unlike the hero of the elegies of Brodsky, who chooses the point of “non-occurrence” in relation to time; time in his poetry is taken beyond the limits of being. If the value for the elegiac hero of the Tatar author becomes the natural connection of phenomena and things with each other, as well as the interaction of life and death, then Brodsky emphasizes the fragmentation and fragility of the world as a property of its metaphysical perception (“Almost elegy”, “Roman elegies”). The comparative analysis also revealed different forms of transformation of the elegy and the elegiac mode of artistry in multilingual works. Thus, in the “Seven elegies…” by Kharis the final part of the cycle differs from the state of “mixed feelings” necessary for the poetics of the genre. On the contrary, in the elegy, the idea of human loneliness is strengthened: expansion into the world of heaven turns it into a stable state of cosmic being.
本文从时间范畴这一哀歌体裁结构和内容中最重要的方面,对布罗茨基和哈里斯的哀歌作品进行了比较研究。本文的实际依据是布罗茨基的《几乎是挽歌》、《罗马挽歌》、《鹰的秋鸣》等著名作品,以及20世纪下半叶至21世纪初鞑靼诗人哈里斯的挽歌:《挽歌(我的房间里有蓝烟)》、《七首关于生命意义的挽歌》、《八月》、《墓地的尘埃》。结论是基于理性起点在创作中的主导地位,两位作者的艺术思维类型具有相似性。本文认为,哈里斯挽歌中的抒情英雄并不与时间对立,他的世纪不同于布罗茨基挽歌中的英雄,他选择了与时间相对的“不发生”点;在他的诗中,时间超越了存在的界限。如果说鞑靼作家的悲歌英雄的价值在于现象与事物之间的自然联系,以及生与死的相互作用,那么布罗茨基则强调世界的碎片性和脆弱性是其形而上学感知的属性(《几乎是悲歌》、《罗马悲歌》)。对比分析还揭示了多语作品中哀歌的不同转换形式和哀歌艺术模式。因此,在Kharis的“七首挽歌”中,循环的最后一部分不同于该类型诗学所必需的“复杂情感”状态。相反,在挽歌中,人类孤独的观念得到了加强:向天堂世界的扩张使其成为宇宙存在的稳定状态。
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引用次数: 0
Translinguality as an Explication of Appellative Character of Urban Names 城市名称称谓特征的译性解释
Pub Date : 2022-12-09 DOI: 10.22363/2618-897x-2022-19-4-596-602
Tatiana V. Poplavskaia, Alena V. Shylei
Modern urban names are characterized by properties that allow them to be simultaneously attributed to a special type of mass communication, to episodes of external communication of an organization and acts of self-presentation. A necessary condition for promoting an organization is the formation of trust among the target audience, and strategies for building trust are verbalized through the name to great extend. Within the framework of a single cognitive space, the name of the organization serves as a kind of trigger that includes interest in the organization as a kind of manifestation of feedback: intellectual / mental (I need it), emotional (pleasant place), behavioral (contacting the organization), verbal (discussion).One of the ways to form the attractiveness of names that appeal to the target audience and create a positive image of the organization is to embody the principles of translinguism in urban names. The essence of using the principles of translingualism is the appeal to the entire communicative repertoire of the speaker, as a result of which languages and cultures smoothly flow into each other. When creating the names of urban objects, translatinguality is manifested in the successful use of various language codes. In some cases, the choice of the nominating subject in favor of a particular language in the name of the company is determined by the specifics of the organization’s activities. One of the purposes of using words of foreign origin in the names of organizations is to mimic an imported brand as the level of trust of the target audience in the goods of domestic producers is often lower than in foreign ones. Modern names show more and more varied types of translingual combinations. A common manifestation of translingualism in ergonymy is the contamination of codes, that is, the combination in the name of the organization of units of different languages. Since in a number of cases the intended perception of the meaning of names of this kind is based not only on an adequate understanding of its foreign language component, but also on acquaintance with the realities of another culture that underlie such discursive elements, it is possible to postulate the transcultural nature of a significant part of modern urban names.
现代城市名称的特点是,它们可以同时归因于一种特殊类型的大众传播、一个组织的外部传播和自我展示行为。促进一个组织的必要条件是在目标受众中形成信任,建立信任的策略通过名称来表达。在单一认知空间的框架内,组织的名称是一种触发因素,包括对组织的兴趣作为反馈的一种表现:智力/心理(我需要它)、情感(愉快的地方)、行为(联系组织)、言语(讨论)。形成吸引目标受众的名称吸引力并塑造组织正面形象的方法之一是在城市名称中体现跨语言原则。使用跨语言原则的本质是对说话者的整个交际技巧的吸引力,因此语言和文化可以顺利地相互交流。在创建城市物体的名称时,翻译的语言性表现为成功地使用了各种语言代码。在某些情况下,提名主题的选择有利于公司名称中的特定语言,这取决于组织活动的具体情况。在组织名称中使用外国来源的词语的目的之一是模仿进口品牌,因为目标受众对国内生产商商品的信任程度往往低于对外国产品的信任程度。现代名称显示出越来越多的跨语言组合类型。在同义词学中,跨语言主义的一个常见表现是代码的污染,即不同语言单位在组织名称中的组合。由于在许多情况下,对这类名称含义的预期感知不仅基于对其外语成分的充分理解,而且基于对作为这种话语元素基础的另一种文化的现实的了解,因此可以假设现代城市名称的重要部分具有跨文化性质。
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引用次数: 0
Academic Presentation in PechaKucha Format is a Professional Component of Bilingual Students in an Online Communication Environment 佩查库查格式学术报告是在线交流环境下双语学生的专业组成部分
Pub Date : 2022-12-09 DOI: 10.22363/2618-897x-2022-19-4-708-714
Anna A. Vasileva
The article is devoted to the analysis of interactive technologies in Russian as a foreign language classes in the conditions of network communication, which expanded the field of traditional practices and became a new educational environment. This article considers the application of Pechakucha format within the framework of teaching Russian as a foreign language. The application of such modern educational technologies is an effective and appropriate form of organizing the educational process. The relevance of the topic of the study is due to the rapidly developing information technologies that allow successful training of bilingual students in academic skills and contribute to the training of an autonomous student. The following methods were used in the work: general scientific method, comparative analysis method, descriptive method, including the method of observation, interpretation, generalization, as well as experimental methods. The article attempts to show the results of applying the academic presentation in the PechaKucha format as a special format of translating new scientific knowledge on the basis of our own experience. The presented format was used when preparing students for a scientific and practical conference.
本文分析了网络传播条件下对外俄语课堂的互动技术,它拓展了传统实践的领域,成为一种新的教学环境。本文探讨了佩查库查格式在对外俄语教学中的应用。这种现代教育技术的应用是组织教育过程的有效和适当的形式。研究主题的相关性是由于快速发展的信息技术,使得双语学生在学术技能的成功培训,并有助于培养自主的学生。在工作中使用了以下方法:一般科学方法,比较分析法,描述性方法,包括观察法,解释法,概括法,以及实验法。本文试图结合自己的经验,展示将佩查库查格式作为一种特殊的科学知识翻译格式进行学术表述的效果。在为学生准备科学和实践会议时使用了所呈现的格式。
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引用次数: 0
Bilinguism and Translinguism in Contemporary Literature 当代文学中的双语主义与翻译主义
Pub Date : 2022-12-09 DOI: 10.22363/2618-897x-2022-19-4-675-684
S. Ananyeva
In the post-Covid and post-literacy contexts, a new research field is being formed that combines multilingualism, multimodality and multiculturalism. The change in the world determines the transformation of the principles of dialogicity under the influence of a single global communication space, the exclusion of options for the development of relations from tolerance to conflict. B. Kenzheev, A. Kim, G. Belger write about the search for answers to the most important questions of our time, the challenges of globalization and how it contributes to the disclosure of the ethnocultural world, the universal and global concerns. Bilingualism is seen as a means of intercultural transfer; translingualism - as the use of a language (native or acquired), which makes it possible to encrypt a different cultural reality in a text.
在新冠疫情后和扫盲后的背景下,一个新的研究领域正在形成,它结合了多种语言、多种模式和多元文化。世界的变化决定了在单一全球沟通空间的影响下对话原则的转变,排除了从宽容到冲突发展关系的选择。B.Kenzheev、A.Kim和G.Belger写了关于寻找我们这个时代最重要问题的答案、全球化的挑战以及全球化如何有助于揭示民族文化世界、普遍和全球关注的问题。双语被视为跨文化迁移的一种手段;跨语言主义——作为一种语言(母语或习得语言)的使用,它使加密文本中不同的文化现实成为可能。
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引用次数: 0
The Second Language Acquisition: System of Extended Integrative Control for Linguistic Knowledges and Communication Skills Sustainability 第二语言习得:语言知识和交际技能可持续性的扩展综合控制系统
Pub Date : 2022-12-09 DOI: 10.22363/2618-897x-2022-19-4-715-723
M. Anikina
The article is devoted to the search for new approaches and forms of control over the assimilation of students’ knowledge at the initial stage within the framework of a worldview approach to teaching Russian as a foreign language. Based on the analysis of existing forms and types of control, a conclusion was made about their incomplete compliance with the goals of teaching live communication in Russian. The main problem is the lack of motivation to form an oral or written statement. The thematic principle for the organization of control over the assimilation of listening / speaking skills is outdated, it does not reflect the specifics of modern interpersonal communication, including socially conditioned one. Based on this conclusion, the article outlines approaches to the creation of an expanded comprehensive control system aimed, on the one hand, at testing (control) skills of free communication, and, on the other hand, at psychological stimulation (psychological boost) of communication.
本文致力于在世界观外语教学方法的框架内,寻找新的方法和形式来控制学生在初始阶段的知识同化。在分析现有控制形式和类型的基础上,得出其不完全符合俄语直播教学目标的结论。主要问题是缺乏形成口头或书面陈述的动力。组织控制听/说技能同化的主题原则已经过时,它没有反映现代人际沟通的具体情况,包括社会条件沟通。基于这一结论,本文概述了建立一个扩展的综合控制系统的方法,一方面,旨在测试(控制)自由沟通的技能,另一方面,也旨在刺激(心理提升)沟通。
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引用次数: 0
The Image of Soviet Russia in the Short Poems and Poems of the Turkish Poet Nazim Hikmet Ran 土耳其诗人希克米特兰短诗中的苏俄形象
Pub Date : 2022-12-09 DOI: 10.22363/2618-897x-2022-19-4-662-674
M. Dogan
The article is devoted to the study of short poems and poems by the Turkish poet Nazim Hikmet Ran (1902-1963), reflecting the images of Soviet Russia. The article analyzes the frames and subframes that construct the image of Soviet Russia; studies the specificity of the realities of Russian culture; analyzes the observations, ideas and impressions of the Turkish poet about the way of life in Russia in the first half of the 20th century; reveals the correlation of the image of Soviet Russia created by the Turkish poet with the archetypes of Soviet Russia in the works of Nazim Hikmet Ran. The purpose of this article is to identify the languacultural specifity of the image of Soviet Russia in the work of Nazim Hikmet Ran. The material for the study was short poems and poems written by the poet during his stay in the USSR in 1921-1930. The research methods of this article are semantic analysis, linguacultural analysis, complex analysis, observation method. As a result of the analysis of the texts of short poems and poems, frames and subframes that construct the image of Soviet Russia in the poetic picture of the world of the Turkish poet are revealed.
本文主要研究土耳其诗人希克米特兰(1902-1963)反映苏俄形象的短诗和诗歌。文章分析了构成苏俄形象的框架和子框架;研究俄罗斯文化现实的特殊性;分析土耳其诗人对20世纪上半叶俄罗斯生活方式的观察、思想和印象;揭示了土耳其诗人塑造的苏俄形象与纳齐姆·希克米特兰作品中的苏俄原型之间的关联。本文的目的是确定纳齐姆·希克米特兰作品中苏俄形象的语言特质。研究的材料是诗人1921-1930年在苏联期间创作的短诗和诗歌。本文的研究方法有语义分析法、语言文化分析法、复合分析法、观察法。通过对短诗和诗歌文本的分析,揭示了土耳其诗人世界诗歌图景中构建苏俄形象的框架和子框架。
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引用次数: 0
From Intercultural Communication to Transcultural Creativity: A Study of Russian-American Fiction 从跨文化交际到跨文化创作:俄美小说研究
Pub Date : 2022-12-09 DOI: 10.22363/2618-897x-2022-19-4-685-693
E. Lebedeva
The world has been growing more globalised, people have been moving and absorbing different cultural peculiarities. Now intercultural perspective might seem insufficient to describe the extent to which local cultures and identities are linked globally. As a result, language contact and communication between and across cultures have been changing. The present paper aims at studying modern RussianAmerican fiction from intercultural and transcultural perspectives emphasizing the translingual features and transcultural changes. The paper discusses the phenomenon of creative translingualism, which means writing in one or two languages that are not the native tongues. Contemporary American literature may be proud of its modern writers of Russian and Soviet descent: Olga Grushin, Sana Krasikov, Lara Vapnyar, Anya Ulinich, Irina Reyn. All the authors changed their country of birth and moved to the USA and as a result, they chose English as the language of their creative writings. However, the English of their works reflects the Russian language, culture, and identity of the writers making the English text not truly English. The research primarily studies the linguistic tools (borrowing, code mixing, code-switching and broken English) used by the writers to render Russian culture by means of the English language as well as the transcultural shift that has been inevitable and has become an inalienable part of new cultural identities.
世界变得越来越全球化,人们一直在迁移和吸收不同的文化特点。现在,跨文化视角似乎不足以描述当地文化和身份在全球范围内的联系程度。因此,不同文化之间的语言接触和交流一直在发生变化。本文旨在从跨文化和跨文化的角度来研究现代俄美小说,强调其跨语言特征和跨文化变化。本文讨论了创造性跨语言现象,即用一种或两种非母语的语言写作。当代美国文学可能会为其俄罗斯和苏联血统的现代作家感到骄傲:奥尔加·格鲁申、萨娜·克拉西科夫、拉拉·瓦普尼亚尔、安雅·乌利尼奇、伊琳娜·雷因。所有的作者都改变了他们的出生国,搬到了美国,因此,他们选择了英语作为他们创作的语言。然而,他们作品的英语反映了俄罗斯的语言、文化和作家的身份,使英语文本不是真正的英语。本研究主要研究作者通过英语语言来呈现俄罗斯文化的语言工具(借用、代码混合、代码转换和破碎的英语),以及不可避免的跨文化转变,这种转变已成为新文化身份不可分割的一部分。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Polylinguality and Transcultural Practices
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