Electrocatalysis最新文献

The development of electrocatalysts composed of abundant materials capable of supporting large-scale green hydrogen production has gained prominence due to the global energy transition. Electrodeposition is one of the most used methods for fabricating these materials, particularly Ni-Co-based alloys, due to their low cost, ease of processing, and controllability of operational parameters. This study conducted a systematic literature review to evaluate recent research on the effects of different ternary alloying elements in Ni-Co-based electrocatalysts and their impact on electrocatalytic properties for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). The methodology involved defining keywords and search strings, searching the Scopus Preview and ScienceDirect databases, and selecting primary research articles from 2019 to 2025. Inclusion and exclusion criteria narrowed the selection to ten articles. The analysis identified four key performance parameters used by authors to evaluate catalytic performance: overpotential (η), Tafel slope (b), charge transfer resistance (Rct), and electrochemically active surface area (ECSA). The addition of ternary elements to Ni-Co alloys primarily aims to enhance one or more of these factors. Graphical comparisons revealed emerging trends, such as metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) and alternative materials like cerium dioxide, leading to electrodes with performance comparable to platinum.

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Zileuton (ZLN) is a pharmaceutical agent utilized to manage inflammation-related disorders, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, upper respiratory tract conditions, and various dermatoses. It functions by inhibiting the synthesis of leukotrienes, which are mediators that contribute to edema, inflammation, mucus production, and bronchoconstriction. An overdose of ZLN can lead to significant adverse effects in patients; therefore, precise measurement of ZLN concentrations is essential. In the current study, copper-doped tungsten oxide (Cu-WO₃) nano-materials were employed to design carbon paste and prepare electrode materials for ZLN detection. The synthesized Cu-WO₃ nanomaterials were characterized using different analytical techniques. Cyclic and square wave voltammetry were performed to check the electrochemical behavior of ZLN on bare as well as modified electrodes. Results displayed a great enhancement in the peak current of ZLN, showing effect on sensitivity, specificity, and reliability for ZLN detection. Thus, the Cu-WO₃-modified electrode demonstrated much faster electron transport kinetics for the catalytic oxidation process than the unmodified carbon paste electrode. The studies on kinetics of oxidation under optimized conditions, the modified electrode exhibited a notable linear detection range of 5.0 × 10^–8 to 8.0 × 10^–6 M, with a limit of detection of 7.5 nM and a limit of quantification of 25.1 nM. For the electrochemical oxidation of ZLN, parameters such as the heterogeneous rate constant, electron transfer coefficient, and number of electrons involved were determined. The developed sensor was also employed to analyze ZLN in real sample matrices, yielding satisfactory results.

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In this study, an optically active iron(II)-terpyridine complex (Fe-pt) has been successfully prepared and characterized by different physicochemical methods. Its electrocatalytic performance for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) was assessed by immobilizing Fe-pt onto Ni-foam electrodes. The system exhibited an overpotential of ~ 270 mV at 10 mA cm⁻², demonstrating excellent catalytic efficiency under alkaline conditions. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) and chronopotentiometry, confirmed its remarkable stability and OER activity. Structural and spectroscopic analyses revealed that the Ni-foam substrate enhances electron transport and provides robust support, further boosting the catalytic performance. Additionally a strong correlation could be observed between theoretical predictions and experimentally obtained structural and spectral changes during the catalytic process. This study highlights the potential of mononuclear Fe-pt complex as durable electrocatalyst for OER applications.

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Designing and developing efficient electrocatalytic materials for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) remains a challenging yet highly compelling task. Transition metal-based catalysts are widely recognized as economical, stable, and efficient materials, as the Mⁿ⁺/M⁽ⁿ⁺¹⁾⁺ redox couple facilitates the formation of a charge-transfer orbital that enables electron transfer during the OER and the formation of –OOH species through surface reconstructions. However, it is fundamentally challenging to create available charge-transfer orbitals near the Fermi energy level. Herein, we demonstrate the crucial role of efficient electronic metal-support interactions in Ce_1−xCo_xO_2−δ, facilitating an effective redox couple between Co²⁺/Co³⁺ and Ce⁴⁺/Ce³⁺ to enhance OER kinetics. The evolution of lattice oxygen during OER and the Mⁿ⁺  → M⁽ⁿ⁺¹⁾⁺ oxidation process are efficiently facilitated by reducible CeO₂ support in the Ce_1−xCo_xO_2−δ solid-solution. The aliovalent-doped, phase-pure Ce_0.93Co_0.07O_2−δ exhibited exceptional performance, achieving a current density of 10 mA cm⁻² at an overpotential of 270 mV, with stable operation over 24 h. Mechanistic studies revealed that lattice substitution of the active sites facilitated stronger electronic metal-support interaction at the atomic level to improve catalytic performance.

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Earth-abundant and efficient electrocatalysts have attracted widespread attention for achieving thorough breakthrough of the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) as well as exploring sustainable energy. In this research, a CoP₃/MoO₃ composite grown on the kapok fiber (KF) with 3D hollow tubular structure was obtained using a facile calcining synthesis approach. Due to the construction of CoP₃ and MoO₃ heterointerface favoring the fast electron transfer, the as-synthesized CoP₃/MoO₃/KF@ME showed excellent electrocatalytic OER performance, showing low overpotentials of 208 mV at 10 mA cm⁻² and 351 mV at 50 mA cm⁻² with a small Tafel slope of 73 mV dec⁻¹ in alkaline electrolyte, respectively. This work helped to construct a non-precious metal and biomass-derived nanomaterial.

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The development of cost-effective, high-performance oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalysts to replace rare noble metal oxides remains a critical challenge in advancing alkaline water electrolysis (AWE). A mesoporous cobalt-molybdenum oxide (Co–Mo–O) was synthesized via thermal decomposition to evaluate electrochemical anodic performance in alkaline solution. A low potential of 1.6 V vs. RHE at 1000 A m⁻² was recorded under optimized Co–Mo–O catalyst (0.52 M Co²⁺, 0.13 M Mo⁵⁺). Structural analysis revealed porous architecture via SEM, enhancing gas bubble detachment and stress resilience, thereby sustaining catalytic activity. Accelerated durability tests under industrial AWE conditions demonstrated exceptional stability, with minimal weight loss rates (0.1–0.2 mg day⁻¹ at 4000–6000 A m⁻²). Long-term chronopotentiometry confirmed a stable cell potential (~ 2.38 V) over 70 h, with a degradation rate of < 0.006 mg h⁻¹. These results position Co–Mo–O as scalable, noble metal-free catalysts with performance metrics approaching those of precious metal benchmarks, offering significant potential for industrial electrochemical applications.

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Herein, we reported a simple, low-cost, extremely sensitive non-enzymatic copper oxide nanotaper (CuO NT)-based electrochemical glucose sensor. CuO NT was synthesized using hydrothermal methods and characterized using a scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscope. The carrier concentration, diffusion length, depletion width, and potential barrier were estimated using the Mott-Schottky plot. Glucose sensing performance was studied using cyclic voltammetry, amperometry, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy at different glucose concentrations. The CuO NT showed glucose sensitivity of 1.0977 mAmM⁻¹cm⁻² in the linear detection range of 5 to 300 μM with a limit of detection (LOD) of 1.467 μM. Also, the CuO NT showed excellent selectivity and stability, which makes it a promising material for non-enzymatic and noninvasive saliva glucose sensing. Further, the CuO NT-based glucose sensor was modeled using an artificial neural network (ANN) to predict the unknown glucose concentration.

Crizotinib (CZT) is an anticancer drug confirmed for the treatment of lung cancer. It is a small-molecule inhibitor of tyrosine kinases. Therefore, selective and accurate measurement of CZT in human biological samples is highly significant. This research describes the first electrochemical sensor for CZT detection. Here, the design and fabrication of an electrochemical sensor based on molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) is introduced. Employing the electropolymerization strategy, the MIP was synthesized on the carbon felt (CF) surface as the working electrode using pyrogallol (PG) as the functional monomer and CZT as the analyte. CF is the low-cost carbon-based material with high inherent surface area, porosity, and conductivity. There is linearity between current response and CZT concentration over a range from 0.005 to 800 nM with a detection limit (LOD) of 0.0016 nM. Assessment in the presence of similar compounds confirmed the superior selectivity of the sensor. Lastly, the sensor was applied for the detection of CZT in blood serum and urine samples with acceptable recovery. Furthermore, the introduced sensor’s performance was compared and verified through high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). This electrochemical sensor provides a promising possibility for practical applicability.

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Electrochemical methods provide a sustainable, effective, and adaptable solution for detecting pollutants in various ecological and industrial environments. This review examines the principles, operational mechanisms, and progress in different electrochemical sensors, such as potentiometric, conductometric, amperometric, and photoelectrochemical sensors. These sensors exhibit remarkable sensitivity and selectivity, allowing for the identification of pharmaceutical contaminants, agricultural pesticides, industrial emissions, and biological pollutants at minimal concentrations. Significant developments comprise molecularly imprinted sensors for drugs like losartan and remdesivir, inkjet-printed nitrate sensors for soil analysis, and carbon-nanostructured potentiometric sensors for heavy metals, including mercury and cadmium. Moreover, advancements like photoelectrochemical sensors that employ materials like BiVO₄ and SiO₂/WO₃ appear promising for identifying pesticides and food impurities through enhanced light-based techniques. Although there are obstacles such as expenses and scalability, the incorporation of renewable energy and innovative nanomaterials improves the practicality of these methods, facilitating sustainable and accurate pollutant tracking.

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A novel nanotubular hausmannite (NT-HSM) was synthesized using a readily available ultrasonic water bath and thoroughly characterized. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) confirmed the formation of nanotubes with an average diameter of ~ 10 nm, featuring distinctive pea-pod-like structures both within and on the outer walls, which served as nucleation sites for uniform nanotube growth. The electrochemical properties of NT-HSM were evaluated by modifying a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) and employing it for the sensitive detection of nicotine. Electrochemical quantification was performed using cyclic voltammetry (CV), differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), and amperometry in 0.05 M NaClO₄ (pH 7). DPV and amperometric measurements demonstrated a linear relationship between peak current and nicotine concentration in the range of 1–130 µM, with a detection limit of 0.9 µM. The impact of common interfering species such as ascorbic acid (AA) and uric acid (UA) was assessed, revealing no significant influence on the oxidation response of nicotine, thereby confirming the high selectivity of the NT-HSM modified electrode. The electro-oxidation of nicotine was attributed to an intermediate electron transfer mechanism facilitated by the Mn³⁺/Mn²⁺ redox couple. Furthermore, the NT-HSM based sensor was successfully applied to the determination of nicotine in commercial cigarette sample, exhibiting a well-defined and reproducible redox response. These findings highlight the potential of NT-HSM as an efficient electrode modifier for selective and sensitive nicotine detection.

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