Ocean & Coastal Management最新文献_第9页

AIS underrepresents vessel traffic in Scotland's Marine Protected Areas AIS不足以代表苏格兰海洋保护区的船舶交通

IF 5.4 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 OCEANOGRAPHY

Ocean & Coastal Management

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2025.107990

Emily L. Hague , Alice Walters , Anna Moscrop , Emma Steel , Katie Dyke , Lauren Hartny-Mills , Alison Lomax , Juliane Lehmann , Sebastian Olias , Carsten Hilgenfeld , Debbie Cole , Sarah MacDonald-Taylor , Carole Davis , Bernard Siddle , Julie Tozer , Wendy Kilroe , Áine Purcell Milton , Rebecca Olaleye , Lauren McWhinnie

Maritime traffic poses a variety of risks to both the marine environment and marine wildlife. To quantify and predict risk, accurate data on the distribution and densities of vessel traffic is required, yet currently there is no single data type that captures all vessel traffic. Most commonly, AIS (Automatic Identification System) vessel tracking data is used, despite awareness that AIS data does not fully capture all vessels present. Therefore, evaluations using only AIS likely underestimate the potential impacts. To estimate the scale of underestimation, vessel presence within six of Scotland's Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) were recorded during >1800 h of land-based and at-sea surveys, and compared with AIS data collected from a network of receivers deployed around Scotland. Non-AIS vessels were present within MPAs during 62 % of the surveyed period, with 64 % of vessels sighted not broadcasting AIS. AIS transmission rates varied between MPA, season and vessel type. Given that AIS data is the most commonly used data type for quantifying vessel activity and predicting associated impacts, consideration must be given to the volume of vessel traffic not represented within AIS datasets, particularly within MPAs. Underestimation of actual vessel traffic is likely leading to insufficient management or mitigation efforts within areas designated for protection.

海上交通给海洋环境和海洋野生动物带来了各种风险。为了量化和预测风险，需要关于船舶交通分布和密度的准确数据，但目前还没有一种单一的数据类型可以捕获所有船舶交通。最常见的是使用AIS（自动识别系统）船舶跟踪数据，尽管人们意识到AIS数据并不能完全捕获所有存在的船舶。因此，仅使用AIS的评估可能低估了潜在的影响。为了估计低估的程度，在1800小时的陆上和海上调查期间，记录了苏格兰六个海洋保护区（MPAs）内的船只存在情况，并与部署在苏格兰周围的接收器网络收集的AIS数据进行了比较。在62%的调查期间，非AIS船只出现在海洋保护区内，64%的船只被发现没有广播AIS。AIS的传播率因MPA、季节和船型而异。鉴于AIS数据是量化船舶活动和预测相关影响最常用的数据类型，必须考虑AIS数据集中未表示的船舶交通量，特别是在海洋保护区内。对实际船舶交通的低估很可能导致指定保护区域内的管理或缓解努力不足。

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引用次数: 0

The impact of Regional Fishery Management Organization structure on collaborative performance 区域渔业管理组织结构对协同绩效的影响

IF 5.4 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 OCEANOGRAPHY

Ocean & Coastal Management

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2025.107961

Evelyn Roozee , Owen Temby , Gordon M. Hickey

Collaboration is integral to understand, plan, coordinate, and implement management measures for fisheries that cross international borders. Regional Fishery Management Organizations (RFMOs) are the main arenas for countries to collaborate and make decisions for transboundary fisheries, but these organizations have generally failed to prevent the depletion of some of the world's most valuable fish stocks. It is unclear how the structure and functioning of RFMOs can improve collaborative performance to better manage transboundary fish stocks. Using fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis, our study analyzes 10 RFMOs to identify the combination of six organizational conditions associated with high and low collaborative performance. Using United Nations-mandated Performance Reviews conducted by internal and external experts we assess RFMOs for six collaborative performance metrics based on international standards. Our results show that high collaborative performance requires distinct roles for Secretariats and committees, meaningful representation of stakeholders, and a small decision-making body. Specifically, ‘a high number of committees’ combined with a ‘a high diversity of Secretariat duties’ led to low performance overall, but when combined with ‘a low diversity of Secretariat duties’ led to high conservation and management performance. ‘A small Commission size’ was a necessary condition for high overall performance and compliance performance. ‘Low stakeholder involvement’ led to low overall performance and low financial and administrative performance. Current trends in global governance call for RFMOs to increase their number of contracting parties and expand their mandates to address the growing environmental challenges affecting transboundary fisheries. Our results show that as the membership and scope of RFMOs expand, managers should prioritize the inclusion of stakeholders and technical experts over additional bureaucrats to achieve collaborative performance goals.

协作是了解、规划、协调和实施跨境渔业管理措施的必要条件。区域渔业管理组织是各国就跨界渔业进行合作和作出决定的主要场所，但这些组织一般未能防止世界上一些最有价值的鱼类资源的枯竭。目前尚不清楚区域渔业管理组织的结构和功能如何能够改善合作绩效，从而更好地管理跨界鱼类资源。本文采用模糊集定性比较分析方法，对10个rfmo进行了分析，以确定与高协作绩效和低协作绩效相关的六种组织条件的组合。利用由内部和外部专家进行的联合国授权的绩效审查，我们根据国际标准评估区域管理组织的六项协作绩效指标。我们的研究结果表明，高协作绩效需要秘书处和委员会明确的角色，利益相关者的有意义的代表和一个小的决策机构。具体来说，“委员会数量多”与“秘书处职责高度多样化”相结合，导致整体绩效低，但与“秘书处职责多样性低”相结合，则导致保护和管理绩效高。“委员会规模小”是高总体绩效和合规绩效的必要条件。“低利益相关者参与”导致整体绩效低，财务和行政绩效低。当前全球治理的趋势要求区域渔业管理组织增加缔约方的数量，扩大其任务范围，以应对影响跨界渔业的日益严重的环境挑战。我们的研究结果表明，随着rfmo成员和范围的扩大，管理者应该优先考虑包括利益相关者和技术专家，而不是额外的官僚，以实现协作绩效目标。

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引用次数: 0

Highly engaged marine users can help monitor marine plastic pollution in under accessed environments 高度参与的海洋用户可以帮助监测水下环境中的海洋塑料污染

IF 5.4 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 OCEANOGRAPHY

Ocean & Coastal Management

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2025.107983

Peter S. Puskic , Isabelle Cramer , Emma Church , Emily Deery , Matthias Egger , Natalie Fox , William P. de Haan , Laurent Lebreton , Arianna Liconti , Anna Sanchez-Vidal , Helen Wolter

Citizen and community science programs have been instrumental to generating large datasets in natural sciences, while simultaneously engaging participants in science and the environment. Community led and citizen science projects have seen broad application to plastic pollution monitoring and cleanup efforts due to the abundance of plastic pollution in all environments around the globe. Here we highlight the work of a niche group of community scientists, we call, highly engaged marine users. This group of community scientists demonstrate a high level of connection to, and understanding of the ocean and are equipped with a set of specific skills and knowledge that are required for their work. We present case studies regarding plastic pollution monitoring by highly engaged marine users working in three understudied marine environments (1) surfers, paddleboarders, and kayakers in the nearshore environment, (2) recreational divers at the seafloor, and (3) recreational and professional seafarers in the open ocean. We reflect on the success of these programs highlighting the role of scientists in providing support in the study design, and execution of project efforts. We demonstrate that highly engaged marine users are key to executing plastic pollution monitoring in understudied marine environments across the globe and that engaging this group will be pivotal in meeting global needs of monitoring marine debris across the global ocean.

公民和社区科学项目有助于生成自然科学领域的大型数据集，同时也吸引了科学和环境领域的参与者。由于全球所有环境中都存在大量的塑料污染，社区领导和公民科学项目已经广泛应用于塑料污染监测和清理工作。在这里，我们重点介绍一群社区科学家的工作，我们称之为高度参与的海洋用户。这组社区科学家展示了与海洋的高度联系和对海洋的了解，并具备了他们工作所需的一套特定技能和知识。我们介绍了在三个未被充分研究的海洋环境中工作的高度参与的海洋用户关于塑料污染监测的案例研究(1)近岸环境中的冲浪者、桨板运动员和皮划艇运动员，(2)海底的休闲潜水员，(3)公海上的休闲和专业海员。我们反思这些项目的成功，突出了科学家在研究设计和项目实施中提供支持的作用。我们证明，高度参与的海洋用户是在全球未充分研究的海洋环境中执行塑料污染监测的关键，参与这一群体对于满足监测全球海洋海洋垃圾的全球需求至关重要。

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引用次数: 0

Risk-based assessment of climate change–induced hazards in arid, data-scarce coastal zones 干旱、数据匮乏沿海地区气候变化引发的灾害风险评估

IF 5.4 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 OCEANOGRAPHY

Ocean & Coastal Management

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2025.108024

Mohammad Reza Nikoo , Hossein Yousefi , Malik Al-Wardy , Ghazi Al-Rawas , Rouzbeh Nazari , Ahlam Al Hanai , Khalifa Al-Zeidi

This study integrated climate hazard assessment with coastal vulnerability analysis to evaluate marine and terrestrial risks along Oman's coastline. The fifth-generation ECMWF atmospheric reanalysis of the global climate (ERA5) and observed data, combined with downscaling and bias correction, were utilized to estimate key climate indicators, including Maximum Daily Precipitation (MDP) and Sea Surface Temperature (SST), under the Sixth Assessment Report (AR6) scenarios of IPCC. Coastal vulnerability was assessed via ten indicators, including topography, shoreline change, land cover, coastal slop, soil texture, sea depth, circularity ratio of watersheds, population density, biodiversity intactness, and marine natural reserves, weighted through the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). The results indicate vulnerability in the northern areas, near Masirah, and along the Salalah coast. The changes in the MDP range from −8 to 323 mm under SSP3-7.0, whereas the increases in the winter and summer SSTs reach 1.4 °C and 2.2 °C, respectively, under SSP3-7.0. High-risk hotspots, including the Muscat–Seeb–Sohar corridor, Masirah, and Salalah, were identified. These results underscore the need to implement sustainable coastal management strategies to mitigate the adverse effects of climate change.

该研究将气候危害评估与沿海脆弱性分析相结合，评估了阿曼海岸线的海洋和陆地风险。利用第五代ECMWF全球气候大气再分析（ERA5）和观测资料，结合降尺度和偏倚校正，估算了IPCC第六次评估报告（AR6）情景下的最大日降水量（MDP）和海温（SST）等关键气候指标。采用层次分析法（AHP）对地形、岸线变化、土地覆盖、海岸坡度、土壤质地、海深、流域圆度比、人口密度、生物多样性完整性和海洋自然保护区等10个指标进行加权评价。结果表明，在北部地区，靠近马西拉，沿着塞拉莱海岸的脆弱性。在SSP3-7.0下，MDP的变化范围为- 8 ~ 323 mm，而冬季和夏季海温的增加分别达到1.4°C和2.2°C。确定了高风险热点地区，包括马斯喀特-塞卜-索哈尔走廊、马西拉和塞拉莱。这些结果强调了实施可持续沿海管理战略以减轻气候变化不利影响的必要性。

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引用次数: 0

Multi-criteria evaluation of blue nature-based solutions: Suitability of Posidonia oceanica in the Mediterranean Sea under climate scenarios 基于自然的蓝色解决方案的多准则评价：气候情景下地中海海洋波西多尼亚的适宜性

IF 5.4 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 OCEANOGRAPHY

Ocean & Coastal Management

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2025.108032

Ozan Ozkiper , Angelica Bianconi , Hung Vuong Pham , Jordan Bishop , Rémy Simide , Andrea Critto , Elisa Furlan

引用次数: 0

A high-resolution spatial prioritization approach to improve the conservation strategies in a marine protected area in the Mexican Caribbean 以高分辨率空间优先排序方法改善墨西哥加勒比海海洋保护区的保护策略

IF 5.4 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 OCEANOGRAPHY

Ocean & Coastal Management

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2025.108055

Daniela Rojas-Cano , Rodolfo Rioja-Nieto , Erick Barrera-Falcón , María del Carmen García-Rivas

Marine protected areas (MPAs) are considered the main tool for the conservation of coastal and marine ecosystems. Their effectiveness can be improved using spatially explicit approaches that integrate ecological information into management frameworks. In this study, we combined high-resolution benthic habitat mapping and seascape ecology metrics to identify priority areas for conservation in the Puerto Morelos Reef National Park (PNAPM). Quantitative analysis of benthic substrates allowed the classification of five habitat types: seagrass dominated, medium coverage of seagrass and sand, sand dominated, medium coverage to algal dominated over calcareous matrix, and reef crest. A thematic map was constructed using a supervised classification of a PlanetScope satellite image (overall accuracy = 85.1 and Kappa coefficient = 0.8), from which habitat patch complexity, patch-level connectivity, and β-diversity were calculated. These spatial layers were integrated using a weighted overlay analysis and an iterative process with all possible weight combinations to obtain an optimal map of the priority conservation areas. Habitats with high seagrass coverage dominated the PNAPM seascape, and eight high-priority zones were identified, mainly along the reef crest and northern reef lagoon, where management activities should be focused. The results of our analysis support the conservation objectives of the protected area and serve as a basis for updating the outdated management program. The integrative and reproducible approach used here offers a transparent, data-driven alternative to guide zoning processes within MPAs in shallow regions where coral reef systems are commonly distributed and supports the broader implementation of marine spatial planning strategies in the region.

海洋保护区（MPAs）被认为是保护沿海和海洋生态系统的主要工具。利用将生态信息纳入管理框架的空间明确方法可以提高其有效性。在这项研究中，我们结合高分辨率底栖生物栖息地测绘和海景生态指标来确定莫雷洛斯州礁国家公园（PNAPM）的优先保护区域。通过对底栖生物基质的定量分析，将其划分为5种生境类型：海草为主、海草+沙中覆盖、沙中覆盖、钙质基质中覆盖藻类为主和礁顶。利用PlanetScope卫星图像的监督分类（总体精度为85.1，Kappa系数为0.8）构建了专题地图，并计算了生境斑块复杂性、斑块级连通性和β多样性。使用加权叠加分析和所有可能的权重组合的迭代过程将这些空间层整合在一起，以获得优先保护区的最佳地图。海草盖度高的生境占主导地位，并确定了8个高优先区，主要沿礁顶和礁湖北部，应重点开展管理活动。我们的分析结果支持了保护区的保护目标，并为更新过时的管理程序提供了基础。这里使用的综合和可复制的方法提供了一个透明的、数据驱动的替代方案，以指导珊瑚礁系统普遍分布的浅水地区海洋保护区的分区过程，并支持在该地区更广泛地实施海洋空间规划战略。

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引用次数: 0

Perceptions of oyster farmers on adopting environmental monitoring technologies to mitigate ocean acidification: A case study in Bahía San Quintín, México 牡蛎养殖户对采用环境监测技术减轻海洋酸化的看法：以Bahía San Quintín为例研究，msamicxico

IF 5.4 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 OCEANOGRAPHY

Ocean & Coastal Management

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2025.108013

Guadalupe Gómez-Hernández , Orion Norzagaray-López , José Martín Hernández-Ayón , Véronique Garçon , Boris Dewitte , Gabriela Yareli Cervantes-Díaz

Coastal ecosystems face multiple stressors, and their responses are magnified by global stressors associated with climate change, such as warming and ocean acidification (OA). Oyster farming are vulnerable to the effects of these stressors. Environmental monitoring technologies have been proposed as an adaptive strategy to OA. This study examined the perceptions of the oyster farmers in Bahía San Quintín, Mexico, toward this strategy. Through surveys and workshops, we identified the main challenges oyster farmers face in their industry, their level of awareness about OA, and their openness to adopting new technologies. Most respondents (66 %) did not recognize OA, which suggests that they had a low perception of its risks and its potential consequences for their activities. The most frequent problems were environmental issues (48 %), such as extreme temperature events, biofouling, and predation, followed by limited technical and financial resources (34 %). Recognizing the negative effect that high temperatures have on their activity, especially during El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events, is a positive outcome, as it allows them to adopt strategies to cope with OA. The main barriers to adopt new technologies were related to management issues (56 %), including a lack of economic resources. We recommend that interactions between oyster producers, academia, and governmental actors must be strengthened to promote environmental monitoring, thus improving their adaptive capacity and reducing potential impacts of stressors on their industry, such as climate change and OA. This study case is a valuable reference for other oyster farming communities in similar environmental and socio-economic contexts.

海岸带生态系统面临多重压力源，其响应被与气候变化相关的全球压力源（如变暖和海洋酸化）放大。牡蛎养殖很容易受到这些压力因素的影响。环境监测技术已被提出作为OA的适应性策略。这项研究调查了墨西哥Bahía San Quintín的牡蛎养殖者对这一策略的看法。通过调查和研讨会，我们确定了牡蛎养殖者在他们的行业中面临的主要挑战，他们对开放获取的认识程度，以及他们对采用新技术的开放程度。大多数受访者（66%）不认识OA，这表明他们对OA的风险及其对其活动的潜在后果的认识较低。最常见的问题是环境问题（48%），如极端温度事件、生物污染和捕食，其次是技术和财政资源有限（34%）。认识到高温对其活动的负面影响，特别是在厄尔Niño南方涛动（ENSO）事件期间，是一个积极的结果，因为它使它们能够采取应对OA的策略。采用新技术的主要障碍与管理问题有关（56%），包括缺乏经济资源。我们建议加强牡蛎生产者、学术界和政府行为者之间的互动，促进环境监测，从而提高牡蛎的适应能力，减少气候变化和OA等压力源对其产业的潜在影响。该研究案例对其他类似环境和社会经济背景下的牡蛎养殖社区具有重要的参考价值。

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引用次数: 0

Chasing bugs: characterizing the spatiotemporal patterns of recreational lobster fishing in the Florida Keys 追逐虫子：佛罗里达群岛休闲龙虾捕捞的时空模式特征

IF 5.4 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 OCEANOGRAPHY

Ocean & Coastal Management

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2025.108057

Gabrielle F. Renchen, Casey B. Butler, Emily Hutchinson, Thomas R. Matthews

The Florida Keys support one of the world's most intense recreational lobster fisheries and is centered on the Caribbean spiny lobster (Panulirus argus). Each year, a highly popular 2-day sport season precedes the regular lobster season. To quantify and characterize the spatiotemporal patterns of boating activity across the Florida Keys, we conducted aerial surveys in the 1990s and 2010s across a grid system of ∼1 nm² cells, comparing lobster season openers (sport season and regular season opener) with non-lobster days. Boating activity peaked during lobster sport season, with most boats engaged in diving to target lobsters. During lobster season openers, dive boats were widely dispersed and occupied roughly twice as many grids as on non-lobster days and shifted from the oceanside (dominant during the closed season) to the Gulfside of the Florida Keys. Persistent hot spots of diving activity were identified across decades: on the Gulfside during lobster season openers and on the oceanside near or within Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary Preservation Areas during non-lobster days. These consistent, localized concentrations of fishing pressure across decades underscore the importance of incorporating spatiotemporal patterns of fishing pressure into fisheries management. Evaluating the effects of such fishing pressure is critical for sustaining lobster stocks, improving boating safety, and safeguarding the sensitive wildlife, habitats, and ecosystems of the Florida Keys.

佛罗里达群岛支持世界上最密集的休闲龙虾渔业之一，以加勒比刺龙虾（Panulirus argus）为中心。每年，一个非常受欢迎的为期两天的运动季节在常规的龙虾季节之前。为了量化和表征佛罗里达群岛划船活动的时空模式，我们在20世纪90年代和2010年代对一个约1 nm2单元格的网格系统进行了空中调查，比较了龙虾季开幕日（运动季和常规赛季开幕日）和非龙虾日。在龙虾运动季节，划船活动达到高峰，大多数船只都在潜水捕捉龙虾。在龙虾季开放期间，潜水船广泛分布，占据的网格大约是无龙虾日的两倍，并从海边（在关闭季节占主导地位）转移到佛罗里达群岛的湾边。在过去的几十年里，人们发现了持续的潜水活动热点：在龙虾季节开放期间，在湾边；在没有龙虾的日子里，在佛罗里达群岛国家海洋保护区附近或内部的海边。这些持续数十年的局部捕捞压力集中强调了将捕捞压力的时空格局纳入渔业管理的重要性。评估这种捕捞压力的影响对于维持龙虾种群、提高划船安全以及保护佛罗里达群岛敏感的野生动物、栖息地和生态系统至关重要。

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引用次数: 0

Corrigendum to “Tourist preferences for whale watching and rule changes in the Salish Sea” [Ocean Coast. Manag. 269 (2025) 107830] “游客对观鲸的偏好和萨利希海规则的变化”[大洋海岸]的更正。管理。269 (2025)107830]

IF 5.4 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 OCEANOGRAPHY

Ocean & Coastal Management

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2025.107915

Abby Schamp , Hem Nalini Morzaria-Luna , Melissa Knox , Christopher M. Anderson

引用次数: 0

A structured risk modelling framework for palm oil cargo spoilage in maritime transportation 海洋运输中棕榈油货物腐败的结构化风险建模框架

IF 5.4 2区环境科学与生态学 Q1 OCEANOGRAPHY

Ocean & Coastal Management

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2025.108010

Yasin Ateş , Levent Kaba , Alper Seyhan , Cenk Ay , Yunus Emre Senol

Palm oil is highly sensitive to quality degradation during maritime transport due to thermal instability, ineffective cleaning, and operational errors. This study employs the Intuitionistic Fuzzy Fault Tree Analysis method to model the uncertainty and expert-based subjectivity associated with spoilage risks. A fault tree structure was created based on expert consultation, identifying 71 basic events leading to the top event, defined as cargo spoilage. Linguistic evaluations from ten experts were converted into intuitionistic fuzzy numbers and aggregated to estimate the failure probabilities. The top event probability was calculated as 0.233, suggesting a significant likelihood of spoilage throughout the voyage. Among all basic events, insufficient steam supply, excessive steam, inadequate training, poor placement of cleaning equipment, and sensor failures emerged as major contributors. These findings indicate that spoilage stems from a combination of technical, operational, and human-related shortcomings. Improving training strategies, procedural discipline, and equipment reliability is essential to mitigate these risks. The proposed framework provides a structured and flexible methodology for analysing spoilage risks and supports effective decision making for maritime operators. It offers a valuable contribution to the safe and sustainable transport of palm oil by identifying vulnerabilities and guiding improvements in both technical systems and human performance.

棕榈油在海上运输过程中，由于热不稳定、无效清洁和操作错误，对质量退化非常敏感。本研究采用直觉模糊故障树分析法对腐败风险的不确定性和专家主观性进行建模。在专家咨询的基础上，建立了故障树结构，确定了导致货物损坏的71个基本事件。将10位专家的语言评价转换为直觉模糊数，并进行汇总，以估计故障概率。最高事件概率计算为0.233，表明在整个航行中发生损坏的可能性很大。在所有基本事件中，蒸汽供应不足，蒸汽过量，培训不足，清洁设备放置不当以及传感器故障成为主要原因。这些发现表明，腐败是由技术、操作和与人有关的缺陷共同造成的。改善培训策略、程序纪律和设备可靠性对于减轻这些风险至关重要。拟议的框架为分析损坏风险提供了结构化和灵活的方法，并为海事运营商提供了有效的决策支持。它通过识别脆弱性并指导技术系统和人员绩效的改进，为棕榈油的安全和可持续运输做出了宝贵贡献。

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引用次数: 0