Brain and Cognition最新文献_第9页

Neural correlates of social observation and socioeconomic status in influencing environmental donations 社会观察和社会经济地位影响环境捐赠的神经关联

IF 2.2 3区心理学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES

Brain and Cognition

Pub Date : 2025-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2024.106259

Nana Niu , Yiping Zhong , Jin Li , Mei Li , Wei Fan

With the increasing urgency of environmental degradation, it is crucial to investigate whether and why individuals from different socioeconomic statuses (SES) engage in environmental donations within social contexts to develop targeted strategies that promote environmental sustainability. However, the psychological mechanisms and neural activities underlying environmental donations across SES in social contexts remain unclear. The current study randomly assigned participants to high (low) SES groups and asked them to complete the environmental donation task in the (non) observable contexts while the electroencephalogram was recorded. Behaviorally, this study revealed that the presence of others promoted environmental donations in the low-cost condition and the average donations and acceptance rates were influenced by costliness. The ERP results indicated that high-SES individuals exhibited more negative N2 in the observable condition than in the non-observable condition. At the later stage, social observation modulated the neural activity evoked by donation decision making, with high-SES individuals showing larger P3 and late positive potentials (LPP) in the observable (vs. non-observable) condition. These findings suggest that public service institutions can implement targeted fundraising strategies that consider motivational differences among individuals with different SES, such as creating cost-effective environmental scenarios for low-SES individuals and designing reputation-enhancing situations for high-SES individuals.

随着环境退化的日益紧迫，研究不同社会经济地位（SES）的个体是否以及为什么在社会背景下参与环境捐赠，以制定有针对性的促进环境可持续性的战略至关重要。然而，社会背景下SES环境捐赠的心理机制和神经活动尚不清楚。目前的研究将参与者随机分配到高（低）社会地位组，并要求他们在（非）可观察的背景下完成环境捐赠任务，同时记录脑电图。在行为上，本研究发现，在低成本条件下，他人的存在促进了环境捐赠，平均捐赠和接受率受到成本的影响。ERP结果表明，高ses个体在可观察条件下比在非可观察条件下表现出更多的负N2。在捐赠决策的后期，社会观察调节了捐赠决策引起的神经活动，高ses个体在可观察条件下（与不可观察条件相比）表现出更大的P3和晚期正电位（LPP）。这些研究结果表明，公共服务机构可以实施考虑不同社会地位个体动机差异的定向筹款策略，例如为低社会地位个体创造具有成本效益的环境情景，为高社会地位个体设计声誉增强情景。

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引用次数: 0

Unraveling the neural dichotomy of consensus and idiosyncratic experiences in short video viewing 解开短视频观看中共识和特殊体验的神经二分法。

IF 2.2 3区心理学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES

Brain and Cognition

Pub Date : 2025-01-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2024.106260

Mengjin Li , Hong Huang , Ke Zhou , Ming Meng

Human experiences are inherently shaped by individual perspectives, leading to diverse interpretations of the same events. However, shared activities, such as communal film watching or sports viewing, underscore the dual nature of these experiences: collective joy arises through social interactions, while individual emotional responses are influenced by personal preferences. The neural mechanisms underlying this interplay between shared and idiosyncratic experiences, particularly in the context of reward processing, remain insufficiently explored. In this study, we investigated the neural basis of both communal enjoyment and individual anticipatory responses during short video viewing. Using functional MRI, we measured brain activity in participants as they watched 90 short videos and provided ratings of their reward expectations and experienced pleasure. By integrating intersubject correlation (ISC) and individual-specific analyses, we identified shared and unique neural activity patterns. Our findings reveal that synchronized activity within the default mode network (DMN) and reward-related regions underlies shared experiences of collective pleasure. In contrast, distinct activations in the frontal cortex and caudate nucleus were associated with personal preferences and reward anticipation, highlighting a neural dichotomy between communal enjoyment and individualized reward processing during digital media engagement.

人类的经历本质上是由个人观点塑造的，导致对同一事件的不同解释。然而，共享活动，如共同观看电影或观看体育比赛，强调了这些体验的双重性质：集体快乐来自社会互动，而个人情绪反应则受到个人偏好的影响。共享体验和特殊体验之间相互作用的神经机制，特别是在奖励处理的背景下，仍然没有得到充分的探索。在本研究中，我们探讨了短视频观看过程中群体享受和个体预期反应的神经基础。使用功能性核磁共振成像，我们测量了参与者在观看90个短视频时的大脑活动，并提供了他们对奖励期望和体验快乐的评级。通过整合主体间相关性（ISC）和个体特异性分析，我们确定了共享和独特的神经活动模式。我们的研究结果表明，默认模式网络（DMN）和奖励相关区域的同步活动是共同体验集体快乐的基础。相比之下，额叶皮质和尾状核的不同激活与个人偏好和奖励预期有关，突出了数字媒体参与过程中公共享受和个性化奖励处理之间的神经二分法。

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引用次数: 0

Patterns of cortical thickness in MCI patients with and without semantic impairment 有语义障碍和无语义障碍的 MCI 患者的皮层厚度模式。

IF 2.2 3区心理学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES

Brain and Cognition

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2024.106258

Émilie Delage , Isabelle Rouleau , Marc-Antoine Akzam-Ouellette , Shady Rahayel , Marie Filiatrault , Sven Joubert

Background

About half of MCI patients experience semantic deficits, which may predict progression to Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The neural basis of these deficits in MCI is not well understood. This study aimed to examine the relationship between semantic memory performance and cortical thickness in MCI patients.

Methods

Using FreeSurfer, T1-weighted MRI scans were analyzed from MCI patients with (MCIsem+) and without (MCIsem-) semantic deficits. Correlation analyses across all participants, including healthy controls, examined the link between semantic memory and cortical thickness, controlling for age and education. Group comparisons of cortical thickness were also conducted between MCIsem+ and MCIsem- groups.

Results

Significant correlations emerged between semantic memory performance and cortical thickness in the left medial temporal lobe, right temporal pole, and bilateral frontal regions—areas involved in central semantic and executive processes. Additionally, MCIsem + patients showed reduced cortical thickness in frontal, parietal, and occipital areas compared to MCIsem- patients.

Conclusion

Semantic memory performance in MCI patients is associated with structural differences in regions supporting both central and executive aspects of semantic processing. Given that MCIsem + patients may face higher risk of AD progression, longitudinal studies should investigate these cortical markers’ predictive value.

背景：大约一半的MCI患者经历语义缺陷，这可能预示着阿尔茨海默病（AD）的进展。MCI中这些缺陷的神经基础尚不清楚。本研究旨在探讨轻度认知损伤患者语义记忆表现与皮层厚度的关系。方法：使用FreeSurfer，分析具有（MCIsem+）和不具有（MCIsem-）语义缺陷的MCI患者的t1加权MRI扫描。对包括健康对照组在内的所有参与者进行相关性分析，考察了语义记忆和皮层厚度之间的联系，控制了年龄和教育程度。在MCIsem+组和MCIsem-组之间进行皮质厚度的组间比较。结果：语义记忆表现与左内侧颞叶、右颞极和双侧额叶皮层厚度呈显著相关，这些区域涉及中央语义和执行过程。此外，与MCIsem-患者相比，MCIsem +患者的额、顶叶和枕叶皮质厚度减少。结论：MCI患者的语义记忆表现与支持语义加工的中央和执行方面的区域结构差异有关。鉴于MCIsem +患者可能面临更高的AD进展风险，纵向研究应该调查这些皮质标志物的预测价值。

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引用次数: 0

Early environmental influences on brain development and executive function 早期环境对大脑发育和执行功能的影响。

IF 2.2 3区心理学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES

Brain and Cognition

Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2024.106241

Bonnie Alberry, Patrícia Pelufo Silveira

引用次数: 0

Ear to the ground! socioeconomic status, environmental stress, and the neural substrate of selective attention 耳听八方！社会经济地位、环境压力和选择性注意的神经基础。

IF 2.2 3区心理学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES

Brain and Cognition

Pub Date : 2024-11-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2024.106242

Amedeo D’Angiulli , Shanine Kamgang , Rachelle Humes , Keren Ighalo , Renee Baysarowich

We reanalyzed data originally published by Berman and Friedman (1995), who recorded event related potentials (ERPs) while children and adults with low, medium, and high socioeconomic status (SES) detected oddball auditory targets (tones and consonant–vowel sequences) among distractors. The ERP differential measuring how much attention was allocated to the targets vs. distractors increased significantly with SES, independently of age. To explain these findings, we integrate the ear to the ground hypothesis and the socioenvironmental epigenetic stress approach. According to the ear to the ground hypothesis, frequent and prolonged environmental uncertainty and hazard induce low-SES children to learn adaptive over-vigilance, attending disproportionately to stimuli that are currently irrelevant but may quickly become relevant and thus require an immediate survival response. Socioenvironmental epigenetic stress refers to the bidirectional interaction between a stress-inducing environment and the impact and expression of transgenerational gene selections in low-SES contexts. Because low-SES individuals are historically under and misrepresented in research, the proposed framework contributes to increase our understanding of how socioeconomic and environmental conditions may affect neurocognitive development. This offers significant points of entry for future interventions and policies targeting macrosocial settings (i.e., education and the justice system) and microsocial ontogenetic settings (i.e., individuals and families).

我们重新分析了最初由 Berman 和 Friedman（1995 年）发表的数据，他们记录了社会经济地位（SES）低、中、高的儿童和成人在分心物中检测奇异听觉目标（音调和辅音-元音序列）时的事件相关电位（ERP）。衡量目标与干扰物之间注意力分配程度的ERP差异随着社会经济地位的提高而显著增加，与年龄无关。为了解释这些发现，我们整合了 "耳朵落地假说 "和 "社会环境表观遗传压力法"。根据 "耳听为虚 "假说，频繁和长期的环境不确定性和危险会诱使社会经济地位较低的儿童学会适应性过度警觉，过多地注意目前无关但可能很快变得相关的刺激，从而需要立即做出生存反应。社会环境表观遗传压力是指在低社会经济地位背景下，诱发压力的环境与跨代基因选择的影响和表达之间的双向互动。由于低社会经济地位的人在研究中历来被低估和误解，所提出的框架有助于加深我们对社会经济和环境条件如何影响神经认知发展的理解。这为未来针对宏观社会环境（即教育和司法系统）和微观社会本体环境（即个人和家庭）的干预措施和政策提供了重要的切入点。

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引用次数: 0

The brain under pressure: Exploring neurophysiological responses to cognitive stress 压力下的大脑：探索认知压力下的神经生理反应

IF 2.2 3区心理学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES

Brain and Cognition

Pub Date : 2024-11-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2024.106239

S.C. Wriessnegger , M. Leitner , K. Kostoglou

Stress is an increasingly dominating part of our daily lives and higher performance requirements at work or to ourselves influence the physiological reaction of our body. Elevated stress levels can be reliably identified through electroencephalogram (EEG) and heart rate (HR) measurements. In this study, we examined how an arithmetic stress-inducing task impacted EEG and HR, establishing meaningful correlations between behavioral data and physiological recordings. Thirty-one healthy participants (15 females, 16 males, aged 20 to 37) willingly participated. Under time pressure, participants completed arithmetic calculations and filled out stress questionnaires before and after the task. Linear mixed effects (LME) allowed us to generate topographical association maps showing significant relations between EEG features (delta, theta, alpha, beta, and gamma power) and factors such as task difficulty, error rate, response time, stress scores, and HR. With task difficulty, we observed left centroparietal and parieto-occipital theta power decreases, and alpha power increases. Furthermore, frontal alpha, delta and theta activity increased with error rate and relative response time, while parieto-temporo-occipital alpha power decreased. Practice effects on EEG power included increases in temporal, parietal, and parieto-occipital theta and alpha activity. HR was positively associated with frontal delta, theta and alpha power whereas frontal gamma power decreases. Significant alpha laterality scores were observed for all factors except task difficulty and relative response time, showing overall increases in left parietal regions. Significant frontal alpha asymmetries emerged with increases in error rate, sex, run number, and HR and occipital alpha asymmetries were also found with run number and HR. Additionally we explored practice effects and noted sex-related differences in EEG features, HR, and questionnaire scores. Overall, our study enhances the understanding of EEG/ECG-based mental stress detection, crucial for early interventions, personalized treatment and objective stress assessment towards the development of a neuroadaptive system.

压力在我们的日常生活中日益占据主导地位，工作中或对自己提出的更高要求会影响我们身体的生理反应。压力水平的升高可以通过脑电图（EEG）和心率（HR）测量可靠地识别出来。在本研究中，我们研究了算术压力诱导任务如何影响脑电图和心率，并在行为数据和生理记录之间建立了有意义的相关性。31 名健康参与者（15 名女性，16 名男性，年龄在 20 至 37 岁之间）自愿参加了这项研究。在时间压力下，参与者完成了算术计算，并在任务前后填写了压力问卷。线性混合效应（LME）使我们能够生成地形关联图，显示脑电图特征（δ、θ、α、β和γ功率）与任务难度、错误率、反应时间、压力评分和心率等因素之间的显著关系。随着任务难度的增加，我们观察到左顶叶和顶枕叶的θ功率下降，而α功率增加。此外，额叶α、δ和θ活动随着错误率和相对反应时间的增加而增加，而顶颞枕叶α功率则下降。练习对脑电图功率的影响包括颞叶、顶叶和顶枕叶θ和α活动的增加。心率与额叶δ、θ和α功率呈正相关，而额叶γ功率下降。除任务难度和相对反应时间外，所有因素都有显著的阿尔法侧向性得分，显示出左顶叶区域的整体增加。随着错误率、性别、运行次数和心率的增加，出现了显著的额叶α不对称，枕叶α不对称也随着运行次数和心率的增加而出现。此外，我们还探讨了练习效应，并注意到在脑电图特征、心率和问卷评分方面存在与性别相关的差异。总之，我们的研究加深了人们对基于脑电图/心电图的精神压力检测的理解，这对早期干预、个性化治疗和客观压力评估至关重要，有助于神经适应系统的开发。

{"title":"The brain under pressure: Exploring neurophysiological responses to cognitive stress","authors":"S.C. Wriessnegger , M. Leitner , K. Kostoglou","doi":"10.1016/j.bandc.2024.106239","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bandc.2024.106239","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Stress is an increasingly dominating part of our daily lives and higher performance requirements at work or to ourselves influence the physiological reaction of our body. Elevated stress levels can be reliably identified through electroencephalogram (EEG) and heart rate (HR) measurements. In this study, we examined how an arithmetic stress-inducing task impacted EEG and HR, establishing meaningful correlations between behavioral data and physiological recordings. Thirty-one healthy participants (15 females, 16 males, aged 20 to 37) willingly participated. Under time pressure, participants completed arithmetic calculations and filled out stress questionnaires before and after the task. Linear mixed effects (LME) allowed us to generate topographical association maps showing significant relations between EEG features (delta, theta, alpha, beta, and gamma power) and factors such as task difficulty, error rate, response time, stress scores, and HR. With task difficulty, we observed left centroparietal and parieto-occipital theta power decreases, and alpha power increases. Furthermore, frontal alpha, delta and theta activity increased with error rate and relative response time, while parieto-temporo-occipital alpha power decreased. Practice effects on EEG power included increases in temporal, parietal, and parieto-occipital theta and alpha activity. HR was positively associated with frontal delta, theta and alpha power whereas frontal gamma power decreases. Significant alpha laterality scores were observed for all factors except task difficulty and relative response time, showing overall increases in left parietal regions. Significant frontal alpha asymmetries emerged with increases in error rate, sex, run number, and HR and occipital alpha asymmetries were also found with run number and HR. Additionally we explored practice effects and noted sex-related differences in EEG features, HR, and questionnaire scores. Overall, our study enhances the understanding of EEG/ECG-based mental stress detection, crucial for early interventions, personalized treatment and objective stress assessment towards the development of a neuroadaptive system.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55331,"journal":{"name":"Brain and Cognition","volume":"182 ","pages":"Article 106239"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142651124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

One hour walk improves inhibitory control and increases prefrontal cortex activation 一小时的步行能改善抑制控制，增加前额叶皮层的激活。

IF 2.2 3区心理学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES

Brain and Cognition

Pub Date : 2024-11-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2024.106237

Elizabeth Roe , James McIntyre , Kell Grandjean da Costa , Julie A. Cantelon , Tad T. Brunyé , Grace E. Giles

Regular physical activity is deemed beneficial to physical, cognitive, and emotional health. Walking may be an accessible means of meeting physical activity recommendations and improving cognition. However, exercise effects on cognition are often explored at shorter durations (30 min or less), with fewer studies exploring how cognition is impacted during longer bouts of exercise. 36 (7 women) civilians and active-duty soldiers completed a VO₂ max test and two one-hour walks, one at and one below the ventilatory threshold (VT), on separate days. They completed the Go/No-Go and Task-Switching Tasks before, every 15 min during, and immediately after exercise, while wearing a near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) system to monitor prefrontal cortex (PFC) activity. Response speed during the Go/No-Go task was improved at VT compared to sub-VT at the expense of task accuracy. FP cortex was deactivated during exercise in the Task-Switching Task, potentially due to the increased competition for resources between the frontal cortex and movement related areas. As a result, exercise at or below VT may improve or impair cognitive performance and activation in executive function-related areas depending on the task type and exercise intensity level.

有规律的体育锻炼被认为有益于身体、认知和情绪健康。步行可能是一种既能满足体育锻炼建议又能改善认知能力的便捷方式。然而，运动对认知能力的影响通常是在较短的时间内（30 分钟或更短）进行的，很少有研究探讨在较长时间的运动中认知能力会受到怎样的影响。36 名平民和现役士兵（7 名女性）分别在不同的日子里完成了最大容氧量测试和两次一小时的步行，一次在通气阈值（VT）以下，一次在通气阈值以上。他们在运动前、运动中每隔 15 分钟和运动后立即完成了 Go/No-Go 和任务切换任务，同时佩戴了近红外光谱（NIRS）系统来监测前额叶皮层（PFC）的活动。与亚 VT 相比，VT 阶段的 Go/No-Go 任务响应速度有所提高，但任务准确性有所下降。在任务切换任务中，前额叶皮质在运动时失活，这可能是由于前额叶皮质与运动相关区域之间的资源竞争加剧所致。因此，根据任务类型和运动强度的不同，在VT或VT以下运动可能会改善或损害认知表现和执行功能相关区域的激活。

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引用次数: 0

Facing healthy and pathological aging: A systematic review of fMRI task-based studies to understand the neural mechanisms of cognitive reserve 面对健康和病理衰老：系统回顾基于 fMRI 任务的研究，了解认知储备的神经机制。

IF 2.2 3区心理学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES

Brain and Cognition

Pub Date : 2024-11-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2024.106238

Marika Mauti , Bianca Monachesi , Giovanni Taccari , Raffaella I. Rumiati

Cognitive reserve (CR) explains the varying trajectories of cognitive decline in healthy and pathological ageing. CR is often operationalized in terms of socio-behavioural proxies that modulate cognitive performance. Individuals with higher CR are known to maintain better cognitive functions, but evidence on the underlying brain activity remains scattered. Here we review CR studies using functional MRI in young, healthy and pathologically elderly individuals. We focus on the two potential neural mechanisms of CR, neural reserve (efficiency of brain networks) and neural compensation (recruitment of additional brain regions), and the effect of different proxies on them. The results suggest increased task-related activity in different cognitive domains with age and compensation in case of difficult task and pathology. The effects of proxies lead to increased neural reserve (reduced brain activity) in both older and younger individuals. Their relationship with compensation remains unclear, largely due to the lack of young adult samples, particularly in clinical studies. These findings underscore the critical role of lifelong engagement in mentally enriching activities for preserving cognitive function during aging. New studies are encouraged to refine the CR theoretical and empirical framework, particularly regarding the measurement of socio-behavioral proxies and their relationship with cognitive decline and neural underpinning.

认知储备（CR）可以解释健康老龄化和病理老龄化过程中认知能力下降的不同轨迹。认知储备通常是通过调节认知表现的社会行为代用指标来实现的。众所周知，CR 越高的人认知功能维持得越好，但有关潜在大脑活动的证据仍很分散。在此，我们回顾了使用功能磁共振成像技术对年轻、健康和病态老年个体进行的 CR 研究。我们重点研究了 CR 的两种潜在神经机制，即神经储备（大脑网络的效率）和神经补偿（额外脑区的招募），以及不同替代物对它们的影响。研究结果表明，随着年龄的增长，不同认知领域中与任务相关的活动会增加，在遇到困难任务和病理情况时会出现补偿。在老年人和年轻人中，代用指标的影响导致神经储备增加（大脑活动减少）。它们与代偿的关系仍不清楚，这主要是由于缺乏年轻成人样本，尤其是在临床研究中。这些发现强调了终生参与丰富的智力活动对于在衰老过程中保持认知功能的关键作用。我们鼓励开展新的研究，以完善 CR 理论和实证框架，特别是关于社会行为代用指标的测量及其与认知衰退和神经基础的关系。

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引用次数: 0

Functional connectivity in procrastination and emotion regulation 拖延症和情绪调节的功能连接。

IF 2.2 3区心理学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES

Brain and Cognition

Pub Date : 2024-11-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2024.106240

Keli Li , Rong Zhang , Tingyong Feng

Procrastination, an irrational delay of intended action, leads to numerous adverse effects in many life domains, such as low academic performance, poor mental health, and financial distress. Previous studies have revealed a substantial negative correlation between emotional regulation and procrastination. However, the neural basis for the association between emotion regulation and procrastination remains unclear. Therefore, we employed the voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) methods to explore the neural substrates underlying how emotion regulation is responsible for procrastination (N = 243). In line with our hypothesis, the results showed a significant negative correlation between emotion regulation ability and procrastination. Additionally, the VBM analysis showed that emotion regulation ability was positively correlated with gray matter (GM) volumes in the right dorsal-lateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC). The mediation analysis revealed that emotion regulation ability mediated the relationship between the GM volumes of the right dlPFC and procrastination. Furthermore, the RSFC results indicated that right dlPFC-left insula functional connectivity was positively associated with emotion regulation ability. Emotion regulation ability further mediated the relationship between the right dlPFC-left insula functional connectivity and procrastination. The current findings suggest that the neural pathway related to cognitive control over aversive emotion may be responsible for the close relationship between emotion regulation and procrastination, which provides a novel perspective for explaining the tight association between emotion regulation and procrastination.

拖延是一种非理性的延迟预期行动的行为，会在许多生活领域导致许多不良影响，如学习成绩低下、心理健康状况不佳和经济窘迫等。以往的研究表明，情绪调节与拖延之间存在很大的负相关。然而，情绪调节与拖延之间关联的神经基础仍不清楚。因此，我们采用了基于体素的形态测量（VBM）和静息态功能连接（RSFC）方法来探索情绪调节如何导致拖延的神经基底（N = 243）。结果与我们的假设一致，情绪调节能力与拖延之间存在显著的负相关。此外，VBM 分析表明，情绪调节能力与右侧背外侧前额叶皮层（dlPFC）的灰质（GM）体积呈正相关。中介分析显示，情绪调节能力中介了右侧前额叶皮质灰质体积与拖延之间的关系。此外，RSFC结果表明，右侧dlPFC-左侧岛叶功能连接与情绪调节能力呈正相关。情绪调节能力进一步介导了右侧大脑前区-左侧脑岛功能连接与拖延症之间的关系。目前的研究结果表明，与认知控制厌恶情绪相关的神经通路可能是情绪调节与拖延之间密切关系的原因，这为解释情绪调节与拖延之间的紧密联系提供了一个新的视角。

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引用次数: 0

Frontal GABA levels associate with musical rhythm production in healthy aging adults 额叶 GABA 水平与健康老年人音乐节奏的产生有关

IF 2.2 3区心理学 Q3 NEUROSCIENCES

Brain and Cognition

Pub Date : 2024-11-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandc.2024.106230

Mark K. Britton , Aaron Colverson , Ronald A. Cohen , Xavier Velez , Damon G. Lamb , Eric C. Porges , John B. Williamson

Changes in neuronal inhibition have been implicated in age-related declines in sensorimotor performance. While indirect evidence suggests that inhibitory mechanisms are also involved in rhythm entrainment, this association has not been tested. Using magnetic resonance spectroscopy, we tested the association between dorsomedial frontal GABA+/H2O concentrations and musical rhythm production in healthy younger (n = 14; 18–35) and older (n = 12; 55–79) adults, hypothesizing that lower GABA+/H2O concentrations would be associated with increased timing error, particularly on more difficult exercises, and intra-individual variability (quantified via mean successive squared difference (MSSD)). Rhythm learning exercises were presented in order of complexity. Linear mixed effects modeling revealed GABA+/H2O-by-exercise number interaction (β = -0.59, p = 0.006) such that participants with lower GABA+/H2O showed greater performance decrement with increasing exercise difficulty. GABA+/H2O trended toward an inverse association with MSSD (β = -0.25, p = 0.089), such that higher GABA+/H2O was associated with lower variability in performance. Older age was associated with increased absolute timing error (β = 0.66, p < 0.001) and greater MSSD (β = 0.86, p = 0.012). However, there was no evidence for age group differences in GABA+/H2O−performance relationships. This finding suggests that GABAergic neuronal inhibition may be important in musical rhythm production across age groups.

神经元抑制的变化与年龄相关的感觉运动能力下降有关。虽然有间接证据表明抑制机制也参与了节奏控制，但这种关联尚未得到检验。我们使用磁共振波谱法测试了健康的年轻人（n = 14；18-35 岁）和老年人（n = 12；55-79 岁）背内侧额叶 GABA+/H2O 浓度与音乐节奏产生之间的关联，并假设 GABA+/H2O 浓度较低将与计时误差增加（尤其是在难度较大的练习中）和个体内部变异性（通过平均连续平方差（MSSD）量化）有关。节奏学习练习按复杂程度依次进行。线性混合效应模型显示，GABA+/H2O与练习次数之间存在交互作用（β = -0.59，p = 0.006），GABA+/H2O越低的参与者，随着练习难度的增加，成绩下降幅度越大。GABA+/H2O 与 MSSD 呈反向关系（β = -0.25，p = 0.089），因此 GABA+/H2O 越高，成绩的可变性越低。年龄越大，绝对计时误差越大（β = 0.66，p = 0.001），MSSD 越大（β = 0.86，p = 0.012）。然而，没有证据表明 GABA+/H2O-表现关系存在年龄组差异。这一结果表明，GABA能神经元抑制可能在不同年龄组的音乐节奏产生中起着重要作用。

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引用次数: 0