Transportation Geotechnics最新文献_第3页

Nonlinear unsaturated shear strength behaviour of compacted crushed rock class IV material: implications for corrugation in unsealed roads 压实碎石IV类材料的非线性非饱和抗剪强度行为：对非密封道路波纹的影响

IF 5.5 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Transportation Geotechnics

Pub Date : 2025-12-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.trgeo.2025.101883

Havisanth Erasanayagam , Liuxin Chen , Amir Tophel , Jayantha Kodikara

Unsealed roads make up over 65% of Australia’s transport network and are prone to surface deterioration, such as corrugation, especially under dry climatic conditions. Corrugation formation is closely associated with progressive shear failure in the surface layer, often exacerbated by moisture loss. Crushed rock class IV material is widely used for unsealed road construction in Australia. The unsaturated shear strength behaviour of this material has not been characterised properly. This study presents a systematic experimental investigation into the unsaturated properties of compacted crushed rock class IV, focusing on the role of degree of saturation and fines content. Laboratory indirect tensile and direct shear tests were conducted on specimens compacted at optimum moisture content and subsequently dried back to a wide range of saturation levels. Results demonstrate a strongly nonlinear relationship between shear strength and degree of saturation, with cohesion peaking at intermediate saturation (around 40 %–50 %) and diminishing under both very dry and near-saturated states. The apparent friction angle increased with drying, reaching a peak at fully dry conditions. Comparison of fines-included and fines-removed specimens highlights the critical role of fines in generating suction-related cohesion and maintaining structural stability, as the specimens containing fines exhibited higher unsaturated cohesion. Nonlinear failure envelopes and an empirical Gaussian-based cohesion model are proposed to capture saturation-dependent behaviour, addressing limitations of conventional linear Mohr–Coulomb analyses. Practically, the results suggest that maintaining moisture within intermediate ranges and preserving fines during grading are essential strategies for improving the durability and performance of unsealed roads.

未密封的道路占澳大利亚交通网的65%以上，在干燥的气候条件下，道路表面容易恶化，如起皱。波纹的形成与表层的渐进剪切破坏密切相关，通常因水分损失而加剧。碎石IV级材料广泛用于澳大利亚的非密封道路施工。这种材料的非饱和抗剪强度特性还没有得到适当的表征。本研究对IV类压实碎石的非饱和特性进行了系统的实验研究，重点研究了饱和度和细粒含量的作用。在实验室进行了间接拉伸和直接剪切试验，对在最佳含水率下压实的样品进行了测试，然后将其干燥到大范围的饱和水平。结果表明，抗剪强度与饱和程度之间存在强烈的非线性关系，黏聚力在中等饱和状态（约40% - 50%）达到峰值，在非常干燥和近饱和状态下都逐渐减弱。表观摩擦角随干燥而增大，在完全干燥条件下达到峰值。通过对含细颗粒和不含细颗粒试件的比较，可以看出细颗粒在产生与吸力相关的黏聚力和维持结构稳定性方面的关键作用，含细颗粒的试件表现出更高的非饱和黏聚力。提出了非线性失效包络和基于经验高斯的内聚模型来捕获与饱和相关的行为，解决了传统线性莫尔-库仑分析的局限性。实际上，结果表明，在分级过程中保持水分在中间范围内和保留细粒是提高非密封道路耐久性和性能的基本策略。

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引用次数: 0

Dynamic behavior of ballasted track in rack railway under downhill braking conditions based on experimental and numerical analysis 基于试验和数值分析的有碴轨道下坡制动动力特性

IF 5.5 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Transportation Geotechnics

Pub Date : 2025-12-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.trgeo.2025.101888

Jiongli Wang, Chunfa Zhao, Zaigang Chen, Jun Fang, Guojun Yang, Qiyu Zhao

Rack railways are increasingly adopted in mountainous transportation networks due to their ability to operate on steep gradients. The gear-rack meshing mechanism introduces additional complexity to the train-track dynamic response. During downhill braking, the combined action of longitudinal braking forces and gravity may destabilize ballast and deform the track structure. This study investigates the dynamic characteristics of ballasted track in rack railways under downhill braking using full-scale field tests and a Multi-Body Dynamics-Discrete Element Method (MBD-DEM) simulation. First, full-scale field tests were carried out on a 120 ‰ gradient rack test line. Using conventional track condition monitoring sensors together with SmartRock sensors, we measured the wheel-rail forces, the accelerations of the rack and rail, the dynamic responses of the sleepers, and the mesoscopic dynamic behavior of ballast particles during emergency braking with different initial train speeds. Subsequently, in order to evaluate the system responses under different gradient levels and a wider range of operating conditions, and to examine in more detail the mesoscopic mechanical behavior within the ballast bed, an MBD-DEM coupled simulation model consistent with the test line was developed. Based on this model, response surface methodology was adopted to analyze the effects of gradient, train speed and braking deceleration on the track system. Results show that downhill braking induces significant axle load redistribution and longitudinal force imbalance. Higher gradients and braking loads exacerbate ballast instability. Response surface analysis indicates that gradient is the dominant factor governing longitudinal sleeper displacement. When gradients exceed 240 ‰, localized ballast instability occurs. Although sleeper displacements remain within the 2 mm safety threshold under the tested conditions, higher gradients or speeds are likely to increase track deformation and structural instability risks.

由于能够在陡峭的坡度上运行，轨道铁路在山区交通网络中越来越多地被采用。齿轮齿条啮合机构给列车-轨道动态响应带来了额外的复杂性。在下坡制动过程中，纵向制动力和重力的共同作用可能导致道砟失稳和轨道结构变形。采用全尺寸现场试验和多体动力学离散元法（MBD-DEM）仿真研究了下坡制动条件下有碴轨道的动力特性。首先，在120‰坡度机架试验线上进行了全尺寸现场试验。利用传统的轨道状态监测传感器和SmartRock传感器，测量了不同初始列车速度下紧急制动时的轮轨力、齿条和轨道加速度、轨枕的动态响应以及道砟颗粒的细观动态行为。随后，为了评估系统在不同梯度水平和更大范围工况下的响应，并更详细地检查压载床内的细观力学行为，建立了与试验线一致的MBD-DEM耦合仿真模型。在此基础上，采用响应面法分析了坡度、列车速度和制动减速度对轨道系统的影响。结果表明，下坡制动引起了明显的轴重分布和纵向力不平衡。更高的坡度和制动载荷加剧了压载物的不稳定性。响应面分析表明，坡度是影响轨枕纵向位移的主要因素。当坡度超过240‰时，发生局部压舱失稳。尽管在测试条件下，轨枕位移保持在2毫米的安全阈值内，但较高的坡度或速度可能会增加轨道变形和结构不稳定的风险。

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引用次数: 0

Incorporation of a hypoplastic material model for sandy soils into a dynamic ALE formulation suitable for structures subjected to moving loads 将砂质土的低塑性材料模型纳入适用于受移动荷载作用的结构的动态ALE公式

IF 5.5 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Transportation Geotechnics

Pub Date : 2025-12-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.trgeo.2025.101876

Atul Anantheswar , Sebastian Ullmann , Ines Wollny , Sebastian Skatulla , Ivo Herle , Michael Kaliske

Recent research has shown that an Arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian (ALE) formulation can be leveraged to improve the efficiency of simulating structures subjected to moving loads, such as pavements. However, when modeling pavements, subsoil characteristics are not given much importance recently, and the subsoil is often modeled by simple linear elasticity. In this work, a hypoplastic material model capable of accurately describing the behavior of cohesionless soils, is used to model the subsoil response. Additionally, the calibration of the hypoplastic model to obtain material parameters is described. Further, the logarithmic strain approach to extend this model to finite deformations is detailed, and the incorporation of this material model into a dynamic ALE formulation is explained. Finally, the results of a transient simulation of the pavement response, when subjected to a moving load, are provided.

最近的研究表明，可以利用任意拉格朗日欧拉（ALE）公式来提高模拟受移动荷载作用的结构（如人行道）的效率。然而，目前在路面建模中，地基土特性并未得到重视，地基土模型多采用简单的线弹性模型。在这项工作中，一个能够准确描述无黏性土壤行为的低塑性材料模型被用来模拟底土的响应。此外，还描述了对发育不良模型进行校正以获得材料参数的方法。此外，详细介绍了将该模型扩展到有限变形的对数应变方法，并解释了将该材料模型纳入动态ALE公式的方法。最后，给出了在移动荷载作用下路面响应的瞬态仿真结果。

引用次数: 0

A rapid field moisture measurement unit for compaction acceptance of unbound materials 一种用于未粘结材料压实验收的快速现场水分测量装置

IF 5.5 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Transportation Geotechnics

Pub Date : 2025-12-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.trgeo.2025.101885

Chuanjun Liu, Xiong Zhang, Jenny Liu

The moisture content (MC) was a critical parameter that needed to be monitored in geomaterial compaction. Nuclear density gauges (NDGs) had been the practice in MC and density measurement for decades but had become less desirable due to cost, regulatory, and safety concerns. Meanwhile, lightweight deflectometers (LWDs), proposed as an alternative to NDGs, did not have a function of MC measurement. This study aimed to identify a rapid field moisture analyzer to work with LWDs for evaluating the compaction acceptance of unbound materials in situ. The study started with evaluating the effectiveness and practicability of two existing moisture analyzers recommended in references, including Aggrameter and Ohaus MB 120. After the limitations of these two analyzers were identified, a further improvement on the basis of Ohaus MB 120 was conducted to develop a rapid field moisture measurement unit. Validation through field tests demonstrated that the unit effectively mitigated field disturbances and accurately measured soil MCs. Furthermore, two key parameters during the measuring process (i.e., drying weight and switch-off criterion) were investigated to optimize the accuracy and efficiency of the new unit. The drying weights of soil samples (i.e., 10 g and 30 g for non-gravel and gravel soils, respectively) and a moderate switch-off criterion were recommended for the new unit.

含水率是岩土材料压实过程中需要监测的关键参数。核密度计（NDGs）在MC和密度测量中已经使用了几十年，但由于成本、监管和安全方面的考虑，它变得不那么理想。同时，轻量级偏转计（lwd）作为NDGs的替代方案，不具有MC测量功能。本研究旨在确定一种与lwd一起工作的快速现场水分分析仪，以评估原位未粘结材料的压实接受度。本研究首先评估了参考文献中推荐的两种现有水分分析仪的有效性和实用性，包括Aggrameter和Ohaus MB 120。在确定了这两种分析仪的局限性后，在Ohaus MB 120的基础上进行了进一步改进，开发了一种快速的现场水分测量装置。通过现场试验验证，该装置有效地减轻了现场干扰，并准确地测量了土壤mc。此外，对测量过程中的两个关键参数（即干燥重量和关闭准则）进行了研究，以优化新装置的精度和效率。土壤样品的干燥重量（即，非砾石和砾石土分别为10克和30克）和适度的关闭标准被推荐用于新装置。

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引用次数: 0

Investigation of particle migration and drainage behavior in railway ballast induced by multiphase flow using a coupled VOF-DEM approach 基于耦合VOF-DEM方法的多相流诱导铁路道砟颗粒迁移与排水特性研究

IF 5.5 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Transportation Geotechnics

Pub Date : 2025-12-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.trgeo.2025.101886

Md Asfiqur Rahman , Yu Qian , Yi Wang

Railway ballast is a crucial component of rail tracks and plays a vital role in various functions, with drainage being one of the most important for maintaining the track’s operation ability. Over time, ballast degradation and accumulation of foreign materials result in fouling, which blocks the interstitial spaces and flow passage between ballasts, thereby significantly reducing drainage efficiency. To investigate the interaction between fouling and fluid flow and its effect on fine particle migration and drainage, a coupled discrete element method (DEM) and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model capable of solving multiphase fluid flow is developed, aiming to advance the understanding of the relevant transport behavior. The discrete (particle) and the continuous (water and air) phases are resolved using a Lagrangian and a Eulerian approach, respectively. Then, the model is employed to investigate multiphase fluid flow that washes away fouled materials through the ballast aggregate for different parameters, including fouling index, fouling profile, cohesive energy density (CED) between particles, and shoulder cleaning. This parametric simulation offers comprehensive insights into the interplay between the multiphase flow and fine particles within ballast at different conditions. Moreover, the particle distribution and their migrations over time are quantitatively evaluated using the Local Fouling Index. It is evident from the analysis that particle migration greatly depends on the parameters under consideration, with the CED value being the most important factor. Additionally, the comparison of the water table height demonstrates that shoulder cleaning is an effective means of improving drainage efficiency.

铁路道砟是铁路轨道的重要组成部分，在各种功能中起着至关重要的作用，其中排水是维持轨道运行能力的重要因素之一。随着时间的推移，压载物的降解和外来物质的积累导致结垢，堵塞了压载物之间的间隙和流通通道，从而大大降低了排水效率。为了研究污垢与流体流动之间的相互作用及其对细颗粒迁移和排水的影响，建立了一种能够求解多相流体流动的耦合离散元法（DEM）和计算流体动力学（CFD）模型，旨在促进对相关输运行为的理解。离散相（粒子相）和连续相（水和空气相）分别用拉格朗日和欧拉方法求解。然后，利用该模型研究了不同参数（污垢指数、污垢剖面、颗粒间内聚能密度和肩部清洁度）下多相流体通过压载骨料冲走污垢的流动情况。该参数化模拟提供了对不同条件下压舱内多相流与细颗粒之间相互作用的全面洞察。此外，利用局部污染指数定量评价了颗粒分布及其随时间的迁移。从分析中可以看出，粒子的迁移很大程度上取决于所考虑的参数，其中CED值是最重要的因素。此外，水位高度的对比表明，肩部清洗是提高排水效率的有效手段。

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引用次数: 0

Influence of consolidation history on the transitional behavior of silty clay 固结历史对粉质粘土过渡特性的影响

IF 5.5 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Transportation Geotechnics

Pub Date : 2025-12-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.trgeo.2025.101887

Jianhong Jiang , Sikang Tu , Jianguang Feng

Understanding the mechanical response of silt–clay transitional soils is increasingly important for underground transportation infrastructure, where complex stress paths and one-dimensional (K₀) consolidation histories are common. However, most existing studies rely on isotropic consolidation, leaving the effects of K₀ consolidation on transitional behavior insufficiently understood. This study presents a systematic series of undrained triaxial tests on reconstituted silty clay consolidated under isotropic and K₀ conditions across a range of overconsolidation ratios (OCRs). The results show that phase transformation—a hallmark of transitional soil behavior—appears only in isotropically consolidated specimens at low OCRs, whereas it does not occur in K₀-consolidated specimens tested under comparable OCRs. K₀-consolidated specimens exhibit a counter-intuitive non-monotonic relationship between void ratio and mean effective stress at the end of shearing, reflecting persistent anisotropic structural effects consistent with anisotropic critical state theory. While K₀ consolidation produces more complex stress–strain responses, the stress-ratio evolution remains broadly comparable to isotropically consolidated cases. Overall, the findings demonstrate that consolidation history critically governs the undrained behavior of silt–clay transitional soils and underscore the importance of incorporating realistic K₀ consolidation conditions in laboratory characterization and geotechnical design for transportation applications.

了解粉粘土过渡土的力学响应对地下交通基础设施越来越重要，在地下交通基础设施中，复杂的应力路径和一维（K0）固结历史是常见的。然而，大多数现有的研究依赖于各向同性固结，使得K0固结对过渡行为的影响没有得到充分的了解。本研究对各向同性和K0条件下的超固结比（ocr）范围内的重塑粉质粘土进行了一系列系统的不排水三轴试验。结果表明，相变-过渡土壤行为的标志-只出现在低ocr的各向同性固结样品中，而在可比ocr下测试的k0固结样品中则没有发生。k0固结试样在剪切结束时，孔隙比与平均有效应力之间表现出反直觉的非单调关系，反映了持续的各向异性结构效应，符合各向异性临界状态理论。虽然K0固结产生更复杂的应力-应变响应，但应力-比演化与各向同性固结情况大致相当。总的来说，研究结果表明，固结历史对粉质粘土过渡土的不排水行为起着关键的控制作用，并强调了在实验室表征和运输应用的岩土工程设计中纳入实际K0固结条件的重要性。

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引用次数: 0

Laboratory and field assessment of gypsum-modified aluminosilicate blends for expansive clay stabilization 石膏-改性铝硅酸盐混合物膨胀粘土稳定的实验室和现场评价

IF 5.5 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Transportation Geotechnics

Pub Date : 2025-12-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.trgeo.2025.101884

Ayazhan Bazarbekova , Yong-Rak Kim , Dallas Little , Jong Suk Jung , Yong-Boo Park

Expansive clays pose significant challenges in civil engineering due to their high shrink–swell potential, which can compromise stability and cause structural damage. This study adopts a phased approach to develop effective stabilizer blends by integrating gypsum into industrial by-products, such as fly ash and slag, to enhance the durability of smectite-rich clay. In the first phase, gypsum-free blends were formulated to investigate the combined effects of additives and determine the optimal stabilizer content. The best-performing mix was then tested in a field implementation phase to validate its performance under real-world conditions. In the later phase, gypsum was incorporated and evaluated under wetting–drying (W–D) cycles to simulate environmental moisture fluctuations. The gypsum content was limited to avoid excessive sulfate reactions, particularly ettringite formation. An integrated framework, including strength testing, chemical assessment, and mineralogical analysis, was applied to unmodified, gypsum-modified, and gypsum-modified samples subjected to W–D cycling. Chemical treatment significantly improved strength, increasing the unconfined compressive strength (0.31 MPa) of untreated soil by about 6–8 times, with Class C fly ash and slag providing the best performance. The gypsum-modified blend retained ∼54 % of its initial strength after five W–D cycles, demonstrating improved resistance to moisture-induced deterioration. Mineralogical analyses indicated transformations such as smectite modification, ettringite formation, and calcite precipitation. These findings underscore gypsum’s role in enhancing the performance of expansive soils with moisture fluctuations and contribute to advancing stabilization strategies for resilient transportation infrastructure.

膨胀粘土由于其高收缩膨胀潜力，可能会破坏稳定性并导致结构破坏，因此在土木工程中面临着重大挑战。本研究采用分阶段的方法，将石膏掺入工业副产物，如粉煤灰和矿渣中，开发有效的稳定剂混合物，以提高富蒙脱石粘土的耐久性。在第一阶段，配制无石膏共混物，以研究添加剂的综合作用并确定最佳稳定剂的含量。然后在现场实施阶段测试了性能最佳的混合物，以验证其在实际条件下的性能。在后期阶段，加入石膏并在干湿循环（W-D）下进行评估，以模拟环境湿度波动。石膏的含量是有限的，以避免过多的硫酸盐反应，特别是钙矾石的形成。综合框架，包括强度测试、化学评估和矿物学分析，应用于未经改性、石膏改性和石膏改性的样品进行W-D循环。化学处理显著提高了强度，未处理土的无侧限抗压强度（0.31 MPa）提高了约6-8倍，其中C类粉煤灰和渣的性能最好。石膏改性混合物在五次W-D循环后保持了初始强度的约54%，显示出对水分引起的劣化的改善抵抗能力。矿物学分析表明发生了蒙脱石改性、钙辉石形成和方解石沉淀等转变。这些发现强调了石膏在提高膨胀土湿度波动性能方面的作用，并有助于推进弹性交通基础设施的稳定策略。

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引用次数: 0

Activation of sintered red mud and its application as a cement substitute in foamed lightweight soil for backfilling engineering 烧结赤泥的活化及其在泡沫轻质土充填工程中替代水泥的应用

IF 5.5 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Transportation Geotechnics

Pub Date : 2025-12-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.trgeo.2025.101881

Hongguang Jiang , Mengyuan Ma , Xizhen Song , Xiupeng Yue , Yixin Li , Deepak Patwa , Jianyang Gao , Zhanyong Yao

Sintered red mud (SRM), a solid by-product from aluminium electrolysis, poses serious environmental challenges due to its high alkalinity, large stockpile, and dust pollution. This study enhances the pozzolanic reaction potential of SRM, aiming to replace cement in foamed lightweight soil (FLS) for large-scale backfilling applications. Twenty mix designs were prepared with densities ranging from 600 to 1200 kg/m³ and cement replacement ratios of up to 67.81 %. The effects of the water-cement ratio, physicochemical properties of SRM, and activator on the density, workability, and mechanical performance of SRM-FLS were systematically evaluated. The hydration behaviour and microstructural evolution were examined to assess the pozzolanic reactivity and elucidate the underlying enhancement mechanism. Results show that the SRM-FLS achieved a 23 % increase in 28-day unconfined compressive strength (UCS), reaching 1.48 MPa at a 70 % cement replacement level. The material demonstrated good water stability (softening coefficient > 0.8) and deformation resistance (compression modulus: 133–167 MPa). Microstructural analysis revealed a refined pore structure (88.8 % pores < 100 μm) and an enhanced formation of C-S-H and CaCO₃ gels. A mixed design framework integrating mass balance, volumetric compatibility, and flowability control is proposed to guide practical application. The developed SRM-FLS offers both environmental and structural benefits, supporting a sustainable and cost-efficient solution for future infrastructure construction.

烧结赤泥（SRM）是铝电解过程中产生的固体副产物，其碱度高、储量大、粉尘污染严重，对环境构成了严峻的挑战。本研究提高了SRM的火山灰反应电位，旨在取代水泥在泡沫轻质土（FLS）中的大规模回填应用。配制了20种配合比，密度为600 ~ 1200kg /m3，水泥替代率高达67.81%。系统评价了水灰比、SRM的理化性质和活化剂对SRM- fls的密度、和易性和力学性能的影响。研究了水化行为和微观结构演变，以评估火山灰反应性并阐明潜在的增强机制。结果表明，SRM-FLS的28天无侧限抗压强度（UCS）提高了23%，在70%的水泥替换水平下达到1.48 MPa。该材料具有良好的水稳定性（软化系数>； 0.8）和抗变形性（压缩模量：133-167 MPa）。微观结构分析表明，孔隙结构精细（88.8%的孔隙<； 100 μm）， C-S-H和CaCO3凝胶的形成增强。为指导实际应用，提出了一种集质量平衡、体积相容性和流动性控制为一体的混合设计框架。开发的SRM-FLS具有环境和结构效益，为未来的基础设施建设提供可持续和经济的解决方案。

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引用次数: 0

Dynamic response and failure characteristics of the bedrock-soil layer slope reinforced by a novel anchor-pile: insights from a large-scale shaking table test 新型锚桩加固基土边坡的动力响应与破坏特征：来自大型振动台试验的启示

IF 5.5 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Transportation Geotechnics

Pub Date : 2025-12-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.trgeo.2025.101882

Qiangshan Yu, Yingbin Zhang, Qiang Chen, Yao Xiao, Dejian Li, Ying Zeng, Haiping Chen, Zheng Wang

To mitigate earthquake-induced landslides along transportation routes in strong seismic regions, a novel anchor-pile system composed of flexible anchor cables and rigid frame piles is proposed for slope stabilization. This composite retaining structure has been increasingly adopted in seismically active areas, yet its seismic performance remains insufficiently understood. In this study, the dynamic response and failure characteristics of a bedrock-soil layer slope reinforced with the proposed anchor-pile were investigated through large-scale shaking table tests. A comprehensive analysis of the test data and observed phenomena revealed that the natural frequency of the slope significantly influences its dynamic response, while the Arias intensity of the input ground motion exerts a pronounced effect on the dynamic response of the retaining structure. As Arias intensity increases from 0.127 m/s to 2.69 m/s, the peak dynamic displacement, earth pressure, and axial force of the anchor-pile increase by factors of 9.73, 58.66, and 11.43, respectively. The failure process and modes of the slope can be categorized into four distinct stages: 1) Formation stage of tension cracks on slope top; 2) Penetration stage of tension cracks on slope top; 3) Sliding stage along tension cracks; 4) Deep sliding stage along the interface. Seismic landslide thrust is mainly resisted by the front pile’s bottom and rear pile’s upper sections; the upper anchor dominates, and beam–pile joints are weak points needing reinforcement. The findings of this study can be applied to the seismic design of this novel anchor-pile in strong earthquake regions.

为缓解强震区交通沿线地震引发的滑坡，提出了一种由柔性锚索和刚性框架桩组成的新型锚固桩体系。这种复合挡土墙结构在地震活跃地区的应用越来越多，但其抗震性能仍不清楚。通过大型振动台试验，研究了锚杆桩加固基土边坡的动力响应及破坏特征。综合分析试验数据和观测现象发现，边坡的固有频率对其动力响应有显著影响，而输入地震动的阿里亚斯强度对支护结构的动力响应有显著影响。当Arias强度从0.127 m/s增加到2.69 m/s时，锚杆桩的峰值动位移、土压力和轴力分别增加了9.73、58.66和11.43倍。边坡的破坏过程和破坏模式可分为4个阶段：1)坡顶张拉裂缝形成阶段；2)坡顶张拉裂缝的贯通阶段；3)沿张裂缝滑动阶段；4)沿界面深度滑动阶段。地震滑坡推力主要由前桩底部和后桩上部抵御；上部锚杆占主导地位，梁桩节点是薄弱环节，需加强加固。研究结果可用于强震地区新型锚杆桩的抗震设计。

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引用次数: 0

Frost heave characteristics of subgrade fine-grained filler in seasonally frozen region under stepwise cooling 阶梯式降温条件下季节性冻土区路基细粒填料冻胀特性

IF 5.5 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Transportation Geotechnics

Pub Date : 2025-12-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.trgeo.2025.101868

Yuzhi Zhang , Yihan Cui , Meng Wang , Wei Yang , Xiaokang Li , Anhua Xu

Frost heave in fine-grained railway subgrades results from coupled thermo-hydraulic processes, in which water migration and phase change jointly drive the growth of ice lenses under time-varying temperature fields. Most laboratory protocols impose fixed thermal gradients, obscuring the non-steady “memory” effects that characterize natural winter cooling. In this study, we conducted unidirectional freezing tests on subgrade silt collected from the Shuozhou–Huanghua heavy-haul railway under stepwise cooling. Local deformation was resolved using digital image correlation, and temperature, moisture, and water supply histories were simultaneously monitored. Stepwise cooling reproduced field realistic gradient amplification and freezing-front deceleration, yielding staged growth of thin-layer belts and ice lenses. Classical segregation potential (SP) analysis confirmed that lowering the cold-end temperature increased both |dT/dx| and the heave rate per unit thermal gradient. Building on crystallization kinetics, we introduced a fractional condensation potential (FCP), a non-local metric coupling a fractional-order time derivative of heave with the instantaneous thermal gradient, to quantify the history-dependent, condensation-controlled contribution to ice-lens accretion. The combined SP–FCP framework reconciles hysteretic staging in cryostructure evolution with gradient forcing and provides practical indicators for frost susceptibility ranking, as well as drainage and thermal-control strategies in seasonally frozen subgrades.

细粒铁路路基冻胀是热-液耦合过程的结果，在时变温度场下，水运移和相变共同驱动冰透镜的生长。大多数实验室方案施加固定的热梯度，模糊了冬季自然冷却的非稳定“记忆”效应。本研究对朔黄重载铁路路基淤泥进行了分步冷却的单向冻结试验。利用数字图像相关技术解决局部变形问题，同时监测温度、湿度和供水历史。逐级冷却再现了场逼真的梯度放大和冻结锋减速，产生了薄层带和冰透镜的阶段性生长。经典偏析势（SP）分析证实，降低冷端温度会增加|dT/dx|和单位热梯度的升沉速率。在结晶动力学的基础上，我们引入了分数凝结势（FCP），这是一种非局部度量，将升沉的分数阶时间导数与瞬时热梯度耦合在一起，以量化依赖于历史的凝结控制对冰透镜吸积的贡献。SP-FCP组合框架协调了冻土结构演化的滞后阶段和梯度强迫，并为季节性冻结路基的霜敏感性排序以及排水和热控制策略提供了实用指标。

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