Transportation Geotechnics最新文献_第7页

A DEM creep contact model with damage evolution for frozen soil 冻土损伤演化的DEM蠕变接触模型

IF 5.5 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Transportation Geotechnics

Pub Date : 2025-12-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.trgeo.2025.101847

Yihui Yan , Dan Chang , Jiankun Liu , Zhifeng Ren , Zhaohui Sun , Jianfeng Zheng

Frozen soil creep is a key factor in the settlement of cold region subgrades. Clarifying its macro and micromechanical deformation and damage mechanisms is essential for mitigating subgrade distress. To overcome the limitations of the existing creep contact model in PFC for accurately simulating the non-attenuating creep behavior of frozen soil, this study proposes a new discrete element creep contact model that incorporates damage evolution. By introducing a variable-stiffness damage element, the model effectively captures the third-stage creep behavior of frozen soil. Using the central difference method, the study derives the mechanical response equations for each stage of the contact model and compiles a dynamic link library (DLL) in C++ for direct use within the PFC3D software. A comprehensive description of the model development process is provided, and the contact model is validated using a double-sphere model, reproducing the non-attenuating creep curve and revealing the influence of new parameters on creep behavior. As a representative case, a series of triaxial creep tests on frozen subgrade soil under varying temperatures, confining pressures, and deviatoric stresses are conducted, leading to the establishment and calibration of a corresponding discrete element method (DEM) model. The results demonstrate that the model can accurately reproduce the creep mechanical properties of frozen soil across all stages under complex conditions. Furthermore, microscopic analysis of frozen soil reveals the evolution of particle displacement, damage development, internal structure, and pore distribution during different creep stages. The findings extend the application of DEM in studying the mechanical properties of frozen soil and provide a more precise contact model for DEM simulations of creep in frozen soil. It can be further applied to engineering-scale DEM studies of creep in cold region subgrades.

冻土蠕变是寒区路基沉降的关键因素。明确其宏观和微观力学变形和损伤机制是减轻路基破坏的必要条件。为了克服PFC中现有蠕变接触模型在准确模拟冻土非衰减蠕变行为方面的局限性，本文提出了一种考虑损伤演化的离散元蠕变接触模型。该模型通过引入变刚度损伤单元，有效地捕捉了冻土的第三阶段蠕变行为。采用中心差分法，推导了接触模型各阶段的力学响应方程，并在PFC3D软件中编译了一个c++动态链接库（DLL）。全面描述了模型的开发过程，并利用双球模型对接触模型进行了验证，再现了非衰减蠕变曲线，揭示了新参数对蠕变行为的影响。以冻融路基为例，在不同温度、围压和偏应力条件下进行了一系列三轴蠕变试验，建立并标定了相应的离散元法（DEM）模型。结果表明，该模型能较准确地再现复杂条件下冻土各阶段蠕变力学特性。通过细观分析，揭示了不同蠕变阶段冻土颗粒位移、损伤发育、内部结构和孔隙分布的演变过程。研究结果拓展了DEM在冻土力学特性研究中的应用，为冻土蠕变的DEM模拟提供了更为精确的接触模型。该方法可进一步应用于寒区路基蠕变的工程尺度DEM研究。

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引用次数: 0

A time-dependent hydration-driven bonded-particle model for simulating strength evolution in cement-stabilised granular soils: Experimental and DEM insights 用于模拟水泥稳定颗粒土强度演变的时间依赖水化驱动的粘结颗粒模型：实验和DEM见解

IF 5.5 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Transportation Geotechnics

Pub Date : 2025-12-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.trgeo.2025.101846

Nazanin Mahbubi Motlagh , Hamoun Alimoradi , Mohammad Shamsi

This study presents a time-dependent bonded-particle Discrete Element Method (DEM) model for simulating the mechanical behaviour of cement-stabilised granular soils, incorporating the coupled effects of cement content, water-to-cement (w/c) ratio, and curing duration. A comprehensive micromechanical experimental program was conducted to quantify the evolution of bond strength—including tensile, compressive, and shear components—under varying mix designs and curing ages. The experimentally derived bond strength functions (closed-form) were implemented into a custom-developed DEM contact model to represent particle bonding behaviour realistically under different curing times. The model was validated through a series of 90 unconfined compressive strength (UCS) tests on cemented soil samples with varying cement contents (1 %, 2 %, and 3 %), w/c ratios ranging from 0.3 to 1.5, and curing periods of 3 to 90 days. The results revealed that bond strength increased exponentially with curing time, with the majority of strength gain occurring within the first 3–21 days. Numerical simulations closely matched experimental results, demonstrating agreement in peak strength, stress–strain behaviour, and failure modes. DEM simulations show 2.4× higher contact force and 48 % less particle displacement from curing (3–90 days) with increasing cement content. Coordination number rose with longer curing time and higher cement content, then dropped 8–13 % near peak and 3.3–4.5 post-peak, indicating bond breakage and cracking. Bond breakage ratio decreases with curing time due to cement hydration; a lower w/c ratio shows faster bond strength improvement over time. The proposed model reliably predicts cemented soil strength evolution, improving early-age and long-term analysis for geotechnical design.

本研究提出了一个时间相关的黏结颗粒离散元法（DEM）模型，用于模拟水泥稳定颗粒土的力学行为，包括水泥含量、水灰比（w/c）和养护时间的耦合效应。一个全面的微观力学实验程序进行了量化结合强度的演变-包括拉伸，压缩和剪切组件-在不同的混合设计和养护时间。实验导出的键合强度函数（封闭形式）被实现到定制开发的DEM接触模型中，以真实地表示不同固化时间下的颗粒键合行为。该模型通过一系列90个无侧限抗压强度（UCS）试验进行验证，这些试验分别针对不同水泥含量（1%、2%和3%）、w/c比（0.3 ~ 1.5）和养护时间（3 ~ 90天）的水泥土样品。结果表明，粘结强度随固化时间呈指数增长，其中粘结强度增长主要发生在固化前3 ~ 21天。数值模拟结果与实验结果非常吻合，证明了峰值强度、应力-应变行为和破坏模式的一致性。DEM模拟表明，随着水泥掺量的增加，接触力增加2.4倍，固化（3-90天）产生的颗粒位移减少48%。随着养护时间的延长和水泥掺量的增加，配位数呈上升趋势，峰值前后配位数下降8 ~ 13%，峰后配位数下降3.3 ~ 4.5%，表明胶结断裂开裂。由于水泥水化作用，粘结断裂率随养护时间的延长而减小；较低的w/c比表明随着时间的推移，粘结强度的提高更快。该模型可靠地预测了水泥土强度演变，为岩土工程设计提供了早期和长期分析。

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引用次数: 0

Yield surface coefficients for different foundation embedment and soil drained shear strengths using genetic and neural network analyses 利用遗传和神经网络分析不同地基埋置和排水抗剪强度的屈服面系数

IF 5.5 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Transportation Geotechnics

Pub Date : 2025-12-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.trgeo.2025.101843

Franco Brown , Felipe A. Villalobos , Luis Felipe Prada-Sarmiento

The yield surface is a key component of plasticity models for the analysis of foundations. An ellipsoid has been normally adopted to represent spatially the vertical, moment and horizontal forces. The ellipsoid coefficients, namely shape, eccentricity and non-dimensional lateral, moment and tension capacity, need to be evaluated and inputted in the modelling of foundations. Information regarding the adequate values of these parameters is currently available only for specific foundation geometries and general soil conditions. Advanced models allow solving complex soil-structure interaction problems, therefore, they are recommended for foundation design instead of the classical bearing capacity methods. To this end, in this work finite element limit analysis FELA was adopted for modelling a wide range of shallow foundation geometries and embedment as well as soil resistance. A genetic analysis GA was first used for determining the yield surface coefficient values as a function of one foundation geometry aspect ratio and soil friction angle. A second approach was to perform an artificial neural networks analysis NNA feeding a neural network algorithm tool with the FELA data to define the variation of the yield surface coefficients with two foundation geometry aspect ratios and two soil shear strength parameters. Then, the main contribution of this work is to extend the ellipsoid coefficient values to foundation embedment ratios up to 3.5 including simultaneously soil friction and cohesion. Finally, the results obtained from GA and NNA allowed the proposal of expressions and plots for determining the yield surface coefficient values, which can be implemented in foundation modelling. From the analyses performed through GA and NNA it was found that the variation of the yield surface coefficients depend significantly on the foundation embedment followed by friction angle and cohesion.

屈服面是基础塑性分析模型的关键组成部分。通常采用椭球体来表示空间上的垂直、弯矩和水平力。椭球系数，即形状、偏心和无量纲横向、弯矩和抗拉能力，需要在基础建模中进行评估和输入。关于这些参数的适当值的信息目前只适用于特定的地基几何形状和一般的土壤条件。先进的模型可以解决复杂的土-结构相互作用问题，因此，建议采用先进的模型来代替经典的承载力方法进行基础设计。为此，在这项工作中，采用有限元极限分析FELA来模拟各种浅基础几何形状和埋置以及土壤阻力。遗传分析首次用于确定屈服面系数值作为一个基础几何长宽比和土壤摩擦角的函数。第二种方法是通过人工神经网络分析NNA，将FELA数据输入神经网络算法工具，定义屈服面系数随两种地基几何长宽比和两种土体抗剪强度参数的变化。然后，本工作的主要贡献是将椭球系数值扩展到基础嵌入比高达3.5，同时包括土壤摩擦和黏聚。最后，通过遗传算法和神经网络分析的结果，提出了确定屈服面系数值的表达式和图，可用于基础建模。通过遗传和NNA分析发现，屈服面系数的变化主要取决于基础嵌入，其次是摩擦角和黏聚力。

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引用次数: 0

Evaluating the performance differences between standard and elasticized EPS used in integral abutments 评价标准EPS与弹性EPS在整体基台中的性能差异

IF 5.5 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Transportation Geotechnics

Pub Date : 2025-12-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.trgeo.2025.101845

Yasin Karakus , Burak F. Tanyu , Erol Guler , Edward J. Hoppe

Integral abutments are widely used in bridge construction due to their cost-effectiveness and improved seismic performance. However, seasonal temperature variations cause bridge girders to expand and contract, which over time may lead to an increase in lateral earth pressures. To mitigate this concern, some department of transportation agencies (DOT) use expanded polystyrene (EPS) behind the backwall of the abutment. While EPS is expected to behave elastically, if plastic deformations occur, this may create a gap and ultimately lead to settlement issues. Therefore, it is crucial to characterize the performance of the EPS based on the conditions in the field application and then to relate the findings to assess possible advantages of using EPS to reduce lateral earth pressures. This study presents a novel testing methodology to evaluate the performance of the EPS based on cyclic strain controlled load, applied at a rate determined based on quasi-static condition. This rate is determined in this study as 0.02%/min. While the elastic range for both standard (S) and elasticized (E) EPS were determined to be same, E-EPS exhibited a different stress–strain behavior. Additionally, theoretical lateral earth pressure coefficients (Kp) are calculated for 64 constructed bridges with integral abutments by Virginia DOT. Both EPS types resulted in favorable conditions that satisfied Kp of 4 or less, as desired in bridge designs. Based on the findings in this study, practical implications are suggested to improve design practices and to select the most appropriate EPS type and thickness to construct integral abutments.

整体桥台因其经济高效、抗震性能好而在桥梁建设中得到广泛应用。然而，季节性的温度变化导致桥梁梁的膨胀和收缩，随着时间的推移可能导致侧土压力的增加。为了减轻这种担忧，一些运输部机构（DOT）在桥台的后墙后面使用膨胀聚苯乙烯（EPS）。虽然EPS预期具有弹性，但如果发生塑性变形，可能会产生间隙，最终导致沉降问题。因此，根据现场应用条件对EPS的性能进行表征，然后将研究结果联系起来，以评估使用EPS降低侧向土压力的可能优势，这一点至关重要。本研究提出了一种新的测试方法来评估基于循环应变控制载荷的EPS性能，以准静态条件确定的速率施加。本研究确定该速率为0.02%/min。虽然标准EPS (S)和弹性EPS (E)的弹性范围相同，但E-EPS表现出不同的应力-应变行为。此外，通过弗吉尼亚州DOT计算了64座已建成的整体桥台桥梁的理论侧土压力系数（Kp）。两种EPS类型都产生了满足Kp为4或更小的有利条件，正如桥梁设计所期望的那样。根据研究结果，建议改进设计方法，选择最合适的EPS类型和厚度来建造整体基台。

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引用次数: 0

Experimental investigation of the accumulated axial strain of mud-fouled ballast under long-term cyclic loading 长期循环加载下泥污压载体累积轴向应变的试验研究

IF 5.5 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Transportation Geotechnics

Pub Date : 2025-12-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.trgeo.2025.101842

Dongjie Zhang , Kai Cui , Qionglin Li , Shanhao Li , Lina Wang

This study examined the mechanical properties of mud-fouled ballast (MFB) under long-term cyclic loading. Initial computed tomography (CT) scans revealed the internal structure of mud-fouled ballast with varying fouling levels (VCIs). Subsequent cyclic triaxial tests were used to assess the accumulated axial strain (ε_acc) and resilient modulus (M_R) in relation to the VCI and mud-water content (MWC). The findings showed that at mud-water content = 47 % and 58 %, an increase in VCI caused an increase in ε_acc and a decrease in M_R. However, at mud-water content = 24 % and 36 %, an increase in VCI caused a decrease in ε_acc and an increase in M_R. An increase in mud-water content consistently caused a increase in ε_acc and an decrease in M_R for any VCI. Additionally, the plastic creep limit increased with increasing mud-water content at a given VCI. At mud-water content = 47 % and 58 %, the plastic creep limit decreased with increasing VCI but increased again at mud-water content = 24 % and 36 %. This study identified a critical threshold for ballast gradation and volume at a certain mud-water content of about 36 %, above which the dynamic stability of mud-fouled ballast decreases with increasing VCI, while below this threshold, the dynamic stability increases with increasing VCI.

研究了泥污压载物在长期循环荷载作用下的力学性能。初始计算机断层扫描（CT）显示了不同污染水平（vci）的泥污压载物的内部结构。随后的循环三轴试验评估了累积轴向应变（εacc）和弹性模量（MR）与VCI和泥水含量（MWC）的关系。结果表明，当泥水含量分别为47%和58%时，VCI的增加引起εacc的增加和MR的降低，而当泥水含量分别为24%和36%时，VCI的增加引起εacc的降低和MR的增加。此外，在一定的VCI下，塑性蠕变极限随泥水含量的增加而增加。当泥水含量= 47%和58%时，随着VCI的增加，塑性蠕变极限降低，而当泥水含量= 24%和36%时，塑性蠕变极限再次升高。本研究确定了泥水含量为36%左右时，压舱物级配和体积的临界阈值，高于该阈值时，混泥压舱物的动态稳定性随VCI的增加而降低，低于该阈值时，动态稳定性随VCI的增加而增加。

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引用次数: 0

Field performance of recycled and virgin plastic composite geosynthetics in gravel roads: Moisture mitigation and structural benefits 砾石路面中再生和原生塑料复合土工合成材料的现场性能：减湿和结构效益

IF 5.5 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Transportation Geotechnics

Pub Date : 2025-12-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.trgeo.2025.101841

Araz Hasheminezhad , Halil Ceylan , Sunghwan Kim , Erol Tutumluer

The increasing accumulation of plastic waste presents both an environmental challenge and an opportunity for sustainable infrastructure solutions. This study investigates the use of recycled plastic in composite geosynthetics for stabilizing unpaved gravel roads. The new composite geosynthetic, consisting of a recycled plastic geogrid bonded to a nonwoven geotextile, was compared with a similar virgin plastic product and a control section without geosynthetics. Three full-scale test sections were constructed in Buchanan County, Iowa, and their performance was evaluated under traffic loading from heavy trucks, farm equipment, and seasonal variations. Light Weight Deflectometer (LWD), Field California Bearing Ratio (CBR) test, rut depth measurements, sand-cone tests for in-place density, and field sensor instrumentation for moisture and temperature were used to assess performance trends. Results demonstrate that recycled plastic composite geosynthetic increased bearing capacity by up to 30 %, improved stiffness and elastic modulus by 25 %, and reduced moisture content in base and subgrade layers by 10–20 %. These enhancements translated into minimized rutting, improved soil stability, and potential reductions in granular base thickness. The recycled plastic composite provided comparable performance to its virgin counterpart, underscoring its potential as a cost-effective and environmentally sustainable alternative. Beyond promoting circular use of plastics, this approach can reduce maintenance costs and extend the service life of unpaved roads.

塑料垃圾的不断积累既是环境挑战，也是可持续基础设施解决方案的机遇。本研究探讨了在复合土工合成材料中使用再生塑料来稳定未铺设的砾石道路。新的复合土工合成材料由再生塑料土工格栅粘合到无纺布土工织物组成，与类似的原始塑料产品和不含土工合成材料的对照部分进行了比较。在爱荷华州布坎南县建造了三个全尺寸试验段，并在重型卡车、农场设备和季节变化的交通负荷下评估了它们的性能。轻质挠度计（LWD）、现场加州承载比（CBR）测试、车辙深度测量、现场密度砂锥测试以及现场湿度和温度传感器仪器都用于评估性能趋势。结果表明，再生塑料复合土工合成材料的承载力提高了30% %，刚度和弹性模量提高了25% %，基层和路基含水率降低了10 - 20% %。这些改进转化为最小化车辙，改善土壤稳定性，并潜在地减少颗粒基厚度。回收的塑料复合材料提供了与原始材料相当的性能，强调了其作为具有成本效益和环境可持续替代品的潜力。除了促进塑料的循环使用外，这种方法还可以降低维护成本并延长未铺设道路的使用寿命。

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引用次数: 0

A rapid and nondestructive detection method for concealed accumulated water beneath airport pavement using hydrothermal parameter variations 基于热液参数变化的机场路面隐蔽积水快速无损检测方法

IF 5.5 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Transportation Geotechnics

Pub Date : 2025-12-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.trgeo.2025.101826

Lei Chen , WeiChen Xu , Xinyu Ye , Feng Shan , Wei Liu , Sheng Zhang , Daichao Sheng

Detecting concealed accumulated water beneath airport pavement is a challenge due to limited detection time and nondestructive requirement. To address this issue, a rapid and nondestructive detection method was proposed based on pavement surface temperature variations, which result from differences in the specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity of subgrade soils with varying water content. A physical detection device was developed to test subsurface water based on pavement temperature variations. Numerical models were then established under different water accumulation scenarios, considering vertical thickness, burial depth, horizontal size, and accumulation pattern. The device successfully detected temperature anomalies with subsurface water accumulation on an in-service runway. The main findings are as follows: temperature differences are observed between pavements with and without subsurface water, confirming the feasibility of the proposed method; parametric analysis defines the applicability ranges of pavement design parameters and water accumulation conditions. Overall, the study provides a rapid and nondestructive method for identifying subsurface water accumulation beneath airport pavement, which is beneficial for runway inspection and airport maintenance.

由于检测时间和无损要求的限制，机场路面下隐蔽积水的检测是一个挑战。针对这一问题，提出了一种基于不同含水量的路基土壤比热容和导热系数差异导致的路面温度变化的快速无损检测方法。研制了一种基于路面温度变化的地下水物理检测装置。然后，考虑垂直厚度、埋深、水平大小和积聚模式，建立了不同积水情景下的数值模型。该设备成功检测到在役跑道上的地下积水温度异常。主要研究结果如下：在有地下水和没有地下水的路面上观察到温度差异，证实了所提出方法的可行性；参数化分析确定了路面设计参数和积水条件的适用范围。总体而言，该研究为机场路面地下积水的快速、无损识别提供了一种方法，有利于机场跑道检查和维修。

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引用次数: 0

Analysis of scour-driven performance loss in battered drilled-shaft bridge foundations in a Korean macrotidal-estuary case 韩国大潮汐-河口案例中受冲击的钻井桥基础冲刷驱动性能损失分析

IF 5.5 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Transportation Geotechnics

Pub Date : 2025-12-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.trgeo.2025.101835

Junghwan Kim , Jaehwan Lee , Junyoung Ko

This transportation-geotechnics case study reconstructs the construction-stage performance loss and local failures of battered drilled-shaft bridge foundations in a macrotidal estuary by fusing high-resolution hydrographic surveys with nonlinear pile–soil interaction analysis. Multibeam bathymetry and side-scan sonar delineate asymmetric, pier-scale scour morphologies; while Acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) transects record spring-tide velocities up to 3.92 m/s (flood) and 3.75 m/s (ebb). Pile-integrity tests and core strengths confirm adequate material quality, directing the diagnosis toward geotechnical demand amplification due to scour and effective-embedment loss. Nonlinear p–y analyses considering intermediate geomaterials (IGM), combined with construction-log and MBES seabed surfaces, reproduce bending-moment hotspots 1–2 m below the mudline at sacrificial-casing toes. At two piers, near-minimum longitudinal reinforcement ratios (ρ₁ = 0.51–0.66 %) accelerated the transition to tension-controlled response; at another, overturning resulted from inadequate lateral resistance of an incomplete shaft group. Realized scour depths were approximately twice the design estimate, yielding under-predicted lateral and bending demand during temporary works. The study recommends envelope-based scour evaluation within HEC-18/CSU, explicit casing-stiffness modeling, construction-stage load combinations, and routine MBES + ADCP monitoring with rapid updates, together with ρ₁ ≥ 1 % near mudline critical sections. These measures support resilient design, construction management, and long-term asset performance in energetic estuaries.

本交通-岩土工程案例研究通过融合高分辨率水文测量和非线性桩土相互作用分析，重建了大潮汐河口破碎钻孔桥基础的施工阶段性能损失和局部破坏。多波束测深和侧扫声纳描绘了不对称的码头尺度冲刷形态；而声学多普勒电流剖面仪（ADCP）断面记录的大潮速度最高可达3.92米/秒（洪水）和3.75米/秒（退潮）。桩的完整性测试和岩心强度证实了足够的材料质量，将诊断导向由于冲刷和有效嵌入损失导致的岩土工程需求放大。考虑中间地质材料（IGM）的非线性p-y分析，结合施工测井和MBES海床表面，再现了牺牲套管脚趾处泥线以下1-2米处的弯矩热点。在两个桥墩处，接近最小的纵向配筋率（ρ1 = 0.51 ~ 0.66%）加速了向张控响应的过渡；在另一种情况下，倾覆是由于不完整的轴组横向阻力不足造成的。实际冲刷深度大约是设计估计的两倍，在临时工程期间产生了低于预期的横向和弯曲需求。该研究建议在HEC-18/CSU中进行基于包络的冲刷评估，明确的套管刚度建模，施工阶段的载荷组合，以及常规的MBES + ADCP监测，并进行快速更新，同时在泥线临界截面附近进行ρ1≥1%的监测。这些措施支持活力河口的弹性设计、施工管理和长期资产绩效。

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引用次数: 0

Role of relieving shelves on active earth pressures for retaining walls: Integrating physics-based and data-driven modelling 挡土墙在主动土压力下缓解架子的作用：整合基于物理和数据驱动的建模

IF 5.5 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Transportation Geotechnics

Pub Date : 2025-12-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.trgeo.2025.101834

Fengwen Lai , Dechun Lu , Jim Shiau , Franz Tschuchnigg , Helmut F. Schweiger , Ming Huang , Mingpeng Liu , Feng Chen

Retaining walls with relieving shelves (RW-RS) are commonly employed to reduce the earth pressure behind the wall. However, there is a lack of available design guidelines due to the complex interaction between relieving shelves and backfills. This study aims to explore how relieving shelf affects active earth pressures and failure modes for a retaining wall by integrating displacement-based finite element analysis (FEA) and data-driven modelling. The influence of the flow rule on the active earth pressure problem is first examined, demonstrating that the Davis approach can serve as an effective alternative to approach the solutions from non-associated plasticity. The results from FEA are compared with published experimental data and finite element limit analysis (FELA), giving confidence that the FEA results with the Davis approach are reliable. The study further examines the effects of relieving shelves on active failure modes and earth pressures through a parametric analysis, considering five critical design parameters (i.e., effective soil friction angle, normalised relieving shelf length and depth, number of relieving shelves, and wall-soil interface roughness factor). Subsequently, a genetic algorithm-optimised artificial neural network (GA-ANN) is developed to learn the numerical solutions, acting as a fast physics-based data-driven surrogate for active earth pressure estimation. The generalisation of the constructed GA-ANN is highlighted by comparison against previous experimental data, supporting that the current model provides reliable results that can be confidently used by practitioners.

带卸土架的挡土墙通常用于降低墙后土压力。然而，由于缓解架和回填之间复杂的相互作用，缺乏可用的设计指南。本研究旨在通过基于位移的有限元分析（FEA）和数据驱动建模相结合，探讨卸荷架如何影响挡土墙的主动土压力和破坏模式。首先考察了流动规律对主动土压力问题的影响，证明了Davis方法可以作为一种有效的替代方法来解决非关联塑性问题。将有限元分析结果与已发表的实验数据和有限元极限分析（FELA）进行了比较，证明了Davis方法的有限元分析结果是可靠的。考虑到五个关键设计参数（即有效土摩擦角、归一化卸土架长度和深度、卸土架数量和墙-土界面粗糙度因子），本研究通过参数分析进一步考察了卸土架对主动破坏模式和土压力的影响。随后，开发了一种遗传算法优化的人工神经网络（GA-ANN）来学习数值解，作为基于物理的快速数据驱动的主动土压力估计代理。通过与以前的实验数据进行比较，强调了构建的GA-ANN的泛化，支持当前模型提供可靠的结果，可以被从业者自信地使用。

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引用次数: 0

Effect of different interlayer adhesion conditions on the estimation of long-term performance of reconstructed asphalt pavements: a case study of BR-420/BA 不同层间黏附条件对沥青改造路面长期性能评价的影响——以BR-420/BA为例

IF 5.5 2区工程技术 Q1 ENGINEERING, CIVIL

Transportation Geotechnics

Pub Date : 2025-12-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.trgeo.2025.101831

Vanessa Rebouças Santana , Mario Sergio de Souza Almeida , Maria do Socorro Costa São Mateus , Weiner Gustavo Silva Costa , Acbal Rucas Andrade Achy , Geraldo Luciano de Oliveira Marques , Cássio Alberto Teoro do Carmo

Deflectometry has become an established quality control tool for medium- and large-scale pavement construction projects in Brazil. In mechanistic analyses, accounting for interlayer adhesion during different construction phases plays a crucial role in determining the pavement’s allowable elastic responses and, consequently, its estimated long-term structural performance. This study investigates the effect of interlayer bonding on field deflectometric measurements and its implications for pavement behavior. Analyses were conducted using the Multiple-Layer Elastic Analysis software (AEMC) on an experimental section of the BR-420/BA highway, as part of the calibration efforts for the Brazilian Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design Method (MeDiNa). The results indicate that assuming a non-bonded condition between layers can significantly alter the magnitude of allowable deflections. This, in turn, affects the in-situ stiffness of the pavement layers and has a direct impact on the projected service life of the reconstructed asphalt pavement.

偏转法已成为巴西大中型路面施工项目的质量控制工具。在力学分析中，考虑不同施工阶段的层间粘着性对于确定路面的许用弹性响应，从而估计其长期结构性能起着至关重要的作用。本研究探讨了层间结合对场偏转测量的影响及其对路面行为的影响。使用多层弹性分析软件（AEMC）对BR-420/BA高速公路的实验路段进行了分析，作为巴西机械经验路面设计方法（MeDiNa）校准工作的一部分。结果表明，假设层间无粘结条件可以显著改变允许挠度的大小。这反过来又会影响路面层的原位刚度，并直接影响重建沥青路面的预计使用寿命。

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