Transportation Geotechnics最新文献

{"title":"Resilience assessment method of existing tunnels considering adjacent construction disturbance intensity","authors":"Dechun Lu ,&nbsp;Xu Meng ,&nbsp;Qingtao Lin ,&nbsp;Yongpeng Peng ,&nbsp;Chenghe Yang ,&nbsp;Shi Wei ,&nbsp;Xiuli Du","doi":"10.1016/j.trgeo.2025.101871","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trgeo.2025.101871","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The resilience of tunnel structures comprehensively reflects its functional change under external loads. The resilience value is related to the external load, and the classification of resilience levels should account for tunnel’s function. However, the relevant research is still lacking. Focusing on the scenario of adjacent construction disturbance, a resilience calculation model for existing tunnels that incorporates the disturbance load intensity (<em>F</em>), function of the existing tunnel (<em>Q</em>), and time (<em>T</em>) is proposed. A calculation method for disturbance load intensity (<em>F</em>) is developed using a game-theory-based AHP-CRITIC combined weighting approach, which considers both subjective and objective weights of multiple disturbance factors. By conducting 243 sets of numerical simulations under different load conditions and performing regression analysis, the relationship between existing tunnel’s function (<em>Q</em>) and disturbance load intensity (<em>F</em>) is established. Furthermore, a method is presented to determine the evolution curve of existing tunnel’s function (<em>Q</em>) over time (<em>T</em>) under specific load conditions. These studies enable the calculation of both resistance and recovery resilience indices of the existing tunnel under different disturbance load intensities. By introducing deformation control thresholds for the normal service, waterproofing, and load-bearing function of the existing tunnel, resilience classification boundaries for four resilience levels, that is, high, medium, low, and no, are determined. A function-based resilience classification methodology is established. The proposed method is applied to a case: Beijing Metro Line 12′s shallow tunnelling undercrossing the Qinghuayuan Tunnel. The disturbance load intensities <em>F</em> are obtained for nine construction schemes, along with their corresponding resistance and recovery resilience indices. The results reveal the variation of existing tunnel resilience with <em>F</em> and identify the resilience level for each scheme. Moreover, for the construction scheme adopted in the actual project, the resilience values calculated using the proposed method are in close agreement with those actual results, demonstrating the validity of the proposed method.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56013,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Geotechnics","volume":"57 ","pages":"Article 101871"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145927043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanisms of failure and permeability evolution in gas-bearing strata under tunnel-induced stress paths","authors":"Jiafeng Tan ,&nbsp;Deyi Jiang ,&nbsp;Rong Liu ,&nbsp;Yi He ,&nbsp;Jinyang Fan ,&nbsp;Jianyu Liang ,&nbsp;Cheng Qian ,&nbsp;Hanlin He ,&nbsp;Hong Zheng","doi":"10.1016/j.trgeo.2026.101892","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trgeo.2026.101892","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The potential danger of tunnel gas hazards increases with the complexity of geological conditions, resulting in major casualties, huge economic losses and seriously affecting the normal construction progress of tunnels. Addressing the core issues of the lagging nature of static prediction and the weak mechanistic research in dynamic models in existing early warning methods, a new idea of gas disaster early warning that integrates geological damage evolution and multi-physics coupling is proposed. Based on the coal-rock damage-seepage synergistic evolution mechanism, a multi-field coupled control equation considering dynamic excavation effect, Klinkenberg effect and gas desorption characteristics was constructed, and a damage-seepage coupled numerical model was established based on COMSOL. By simulating the whole excavation process of the tunnel through the coal, the spatial and temporal evolution of the gas dynamic outflow is revealed: with the increase of the excavation distance, the gas pressure perturbation shows obvious nonlinear characteristics, and the cumulative outflow is regulated by the multifactorial nonlinearities of the coal seam gas pressure, the thickness of the coal seam, the depth of the tunnel, and the excavation step spacing. Engineering validation demonstrates that the model has a prediction average relative error rate of 2.1%, which is considered to be an effective reflection of the gas outflow pattern in actual projects. The resultant framework provides a mechanism-rich yet practical tool for dynamic risk assessment of gas disasters in deep tunnels, with direct implications for the development of reliable early-warning systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56013,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Geotechnics","volume":"57 ","pages":"Article 101892"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145927040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Load transfer mechanism and interaction evolution in pile-soil system to high-frequency axial load: Centrifuge modelling and numerical analysis","authors":"Feng Qin ,&nbsp;Xuecheng Bian ,&nbsp;Zizhuang Yan ,&nbsp;Yu Zhao ,&nbsp;Chuang Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.trgeo.2026.101904","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trgeo.2026.101904","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The dynamic interaction between pile and saturated soil governs pile settlement in soft soil foundation, which is strictly controlled in high-speed railways. However, the underlying mechanisms governing the transformation of dynamic load within the pile-soil system and their evolution over time remain inadequately understood. Therefore, conventional design methods that rely solely on static pile capacity and neglect dynamic interaction effects are inapplicable. In this study, a series of centrifuge modelling tests were conducted using a self-developed dynamic loading device and an instrumented model pile. The setup adequately satisfied the similitude requirements for intensified loading frequency and stress wave propagation along pile. Various static and dynamic loads were applied to the pile embedded in saturated silty soil, with frequencies reaching 360 Hz and cycles up to 5 × 10⁵. Complementary numerical analyses were also performed to elucidate the mechanisms of dynamic pile-soil interaction. Experimental and numerical results demonstrate that stress waves propagated from the pile shaft into the surrounding soil in the form of Mach cone, driven by the differences in wave velocities between pile and soil. Moreover, soil vibration attenuated with increasing distance from the pile, a trend predictable using Bornitz’s approach even under loading frequencies as high as 360 Hz. The evolution of pore water pressure and the corresponding redistribution of axial force along the pile reveal distinct pile-soil interaction responses under different loading amplitudes: (1) Under low-amplitude loads (CLR ≤ 0.3), pore water pressure accumulation was negligible, shaft resistance carried most of the pile-head load without significant degradation, and base resistance remained minimal; (2) Under moderate loads (0.4 ≤ CLR ≤ 0.5), pore pressure accumulated noticeably, shaft resistance gradually degraded, axial force was transmitted to deeper pile segments, and base resistance increased but remained below its ultimate threshold; (3) Under high-amplitude loads (CLR ≥ 0.6), buildup of pore water pressure was most pronounced, shaft resistance degradation was substantial, base resistance increased significantly compared with moderate load levels, and deformation of the soil beneath the pile tip accumulated rapidly. Ultimately, these micromechanical processes led to distinct macro-scale settlement behaviours, i.e., stable, metastable, and unstable developments, which can be consistently explained by the evolving dynamic pile-soil interaction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56013,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Geotechnics","volume":"57 ","pages":"Article 101904"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145978090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A wind-driven device can improve the cooling efficiency of clogged crushed-rock embankments in permafrost regions","authors":"Kun Xiang ,&nbsp;Zhi Wen ,&nbsp;Yasheng Li ,&nbsp;Yuan Li ,&nbsp;Aleksandr Zhirkov","doi":"10.1016/j.trgeo.2025.101860","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trgeo.2025.101860","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To improve the poor cooling efficiency of crushed-rock embankments (CREs) clogged by snow or sand, a novel fully automatic wind-driven air pumping device is developed to enhance convective heat transfer. Numerical simulations demonstrate that this device can increase the internal airflow by several orders of magnitude, thereby significantly strengthening forced convection and improving the overall cooling performance. The embankment and underlying permafrost experience notable temperature reductions, with the cooling effect gradually diminishing with depth. Even for deep permafrost layers, the device still exhibits a remarkable cooling effect. Among the tested configurations, the U-shaped crushed-rock layer embankment equipped with the wind-driven device exhibits the most pronounced cooling performance, outperforming the crushed-rock interlayer embankment with the device due to its higher overall convective efficiency from the revetment crushed-rock layers. Both equipped CREs effectively enhance the ground heat release capacity and substantially mitigate long-term settlement deformation, demonstrating a significant improvement in the thermal stability and structural safety of embankments. Furthermore, the proposed device shows strong adaptability to snow accumulation and sand clogging, ensuring reliable operation under severe environmental conditions. This study provides an innovative and practical approach for improving the cooling performance of CREs in snowy and sandy permafrost regions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56013,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Geotechnics","volume":"57 ","pages":"Article 101860"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145798802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Frost heave characteristics of subgrade fine-grained filler in seasonally frozen region under stepwise cooling","authors":"Yuzhi Zhang ,&nbsp;Yihan Cui ,&nbsp;Meng Wang ,&nbsp;Wei Yang ,&nbsp;Xiaokang Li ,&nbsp;Anhua Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.trgeo.2025.101868","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trgeo.2025.101868","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Frost heave in fine-grained railway subgrades results from coupled thermo-hydraulic processes, in which water migration and phase change jointly drive the growth of ice lenses under time-varying temperature fields. Most laboratory protocols impose fixed thermal gradients, obscuring the non-steady “memory” effects that characterize natural winter cooling. In this study, we conducted unidirectional freezing tests on subgrade silt collected from the Shuozhou–Huanghua heavy-haul railway under stepwise cooling. Local deformation was resolved using digital image correlation, and temperature, moisture, and water supply histories were simultaneously monitored. Stepwise cooling reproduced field realistic gradient amplification and freezing-front deceleration, yielding staged growth of thin-layer belts and ice lenses. Classical segregation potential (SP) analysis confirmed that lowering the cold-end temperature increased both |dT/dx| and the heave rate per unit thermal gradient. Building on crystallization kinetics, we introduced a fractional condensation potential (FCP), a non-local metric coupling a fractional-order time derivative of heave with the instantaneous thermal gradient, to quantify the history-dependent, condensation-controlled contribution to ice-lens accretion. The combined SP–FCP framework reconciles hysteretic staging in cryostructure evolution with gradient forcing and provides practical indicators for frost susceptibility ranking, as well as drainage and thermal-control strategies in seasonally frozen subgrades.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56013,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Geotechnics","volume":"57 ","pages":"Article 101868"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145885173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of particle migration and drainage behavior in railway ballast induced by multiphase flow using a coupled VOF-DEM approach","authors":"Md Asfiqur Rahman ,&nbsp;Yu Qian ,&nbsp;Yi Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.trgeo.2025.101886","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trgeo.2025.101886","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Railway ballast is a crucial component of rail tracks and plays a vital role in various functions, with drainage being one of the most important for maintaining the track’s operation ability. Over time, ballast degradation and accumulation of foreign materials result in fouling, which blocks the interstitial spaces and flow passage between ballasts, thereby significantly reducing drainage efficiency. To investigate the interaction between fouling and fluid flow and its effect on fine particle migration and drainage, a coupled discrete element method (DEM) and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model capable of solving multiphase fluid flow is developed, aiming to advance the understanding of the relevant transport behavior. The discrete (particle) and the continuous (water and air) phases are resolved using a Lagrangian and a Eulerian approach, respectively. Then, the model is employed to investigate multiphase fluid flow that washes away fouled materials through the ballast aggregate for different parameters, including fouling index, fouling profile, cohesive energy density (CED) between particles, and shoulder cleaning. This parametric simulation offers comprehensive insights into the interplay between the multiphase flow and fine particles within ballast at different conditions. Moreover, the particle distribution and their migrations over time are quantitatively evaluated using the Local Fouling Index. It is evident from the analysis that particle migration greatly depends on the parameters under consideration, with the CED value being the most important factor. Additionally, the comparison of the water table height demonstrates that shoulder cleaning is an effective means of improving drainage efficiency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56013,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Geotechnics","volume":"57 ","pages":"Article 101886"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145885176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of consolidation history on the transitional behavior of silty clay","authors":"Jianhong Jiang ,&nbsp;Sikang Tu ,&nbsp;Jianguang Feng","doi":"10.1016/j.trgeo.2025.101887","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trgeo.2025.101887","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding the mechanical response of silt–clay transitional soils is increasingly important for underground transportation infrastructure, where complex stress paths and one-dimensional (K₀) consolidation histories are common. However, most existing studies rely on isotropic consolidation, leaving the effects of K₀ consolidation on transitional behavior insufficiently understood. This study presents a systematic series of undrained triaxial tests on reconstituted silty clay consolidated under isotropic and K₀ conditions across a range of overconsolidation ratios (OCRs). The results show that phase transformation—a hallmark of transitional soil behavior—appears only in isotropically consolidated specimens at low OCRs, whereas it does not occur in K₀-consolidated specimens tested under comparable OCRs. K₀-consolidated specimens exhibit a counter-intuitive non-monotonic relationship between void ratio and mean effective stress at the end of shearing, reflecting persistent anisotropic structural effects consistent with anisotropic critical state theory. While K₀ consolidation produces more complex stress–strain responses, the stress-ratio evolution remains broadly comparable to isotropically consolidated cases. Overall, the findings demonstrate that consolidation history critically governs the undrained behavior of silt–clay transitional soils and underscore the importance of incorporating realistic K₀ consolidation conditions in laboratory characterization and geotechnical design for transportation applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56013,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Geotechnics","volume":"57 ","pages":"Article 101887"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145885295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Laboratory and field assessment of gypsum-modified aluminosilicate blends for expansive clay stabilization","authors":"Ayazhan Bazarbekova ,&nbsp;Yong-Rak Kim ,&nbsp;Dallas Little ,&nbsp;Jong Suk Jung ,&nbsp;Yong-Boo Park","doi":"10.1016/j.trgeo.2025.101884","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trgeo.2025.101884","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Expansive clays pose significant challenges in civil engineering due to their high shrink–swell potential, which can compromise stability and cause structural damage. This study adopts a phased approach to develop effective stabilizer blends by integrating gypsum into industrial by-products, such as fly ash and slag, to enhance the durability of smectite-rich clay. In the first phase, gypsum-free blends were formulated to investigate the combined effects of additives and determine the optimal stabilizer content. The best-performing mix was then tested in a field implementation phase to validate its performance under real-world conditions. In the later phase, gypsum was incorporated and evaluated under wetting–drying (W–D) cycles to simulate environmental moisture fluctuations. The gypsum content was limited to avoid excessive sulfate reactions, particularly ettringite formation. An integrated framework, including strength testing, chemical assessment, and mineralogical analysis, was applied to unmodified, gypsum-modified, and gypsum-modified samples subjected to W–D cycling. Chemical treatment significantly improved strength, increasing the unconfined compressive strength (0.31 MPa) of untreated soil by about 6–8 times, with Class C fly ash and slag providing the best performance. The gypsum-modified blend retained ∼54 % of its initial strength after five W–D cycles, demonstrating improved resistance to moisture-induced deterioration. Mineralogical analyses indicated transformations such as smectite modification, ettringite formation, and calcite precipitation. These findings underscore gypsum’s role in enhancing the performance of expansive soils with moisture fluctuations and contribute to advancing stabilization strategies for resilient transportation infrastructure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56013,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Geotechnics","volume":"57 ","pages":"Article 101884"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145885175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-objective Optimization of Railway Transition Zones with Machine Learning: Application to Prefabricated Epoxy Asphalt Cured Track Bed","authors":"You Wu ,&nbsp;Chenguang Shi ,&nbsp;Yunhong Yu ,&nbsp;Yulou Fan ,&nbsp;Jun Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.trgeo.2025.101879","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trgeo.2025.101879","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Transition zones in high-speed railways suffer from abrupt stiffness variations that induce irregular dynamic responses and accelerate infrastructure deterioration. This study presents a surrogate-assisted multi-objective optimization framework that combines finite element (FE) simulations, a neural network-based surrogate model, and the NSGA-II algorithm to address this challenge. A validated 3D FE model of prefabricated epoxy asphalt cured track beds (PEACT) was used to generate 341 layout scenarios covering 13 response parameters. These data were used to train a neural network, which served as a static surrogate predictor for evaluating layout performance during the optimization process. The results show that module layout has a limited effect on peak responses but significantly improves smoothness, with three categories of optimal configurations identified. Compared with direct FE-based optimization, the proposed framework achieves substantial computational efficiency and provides data-driven design guidance for PEACT transition zones. This framework exemplifies the potential of hybrid data–simulation approaches to enhance adaptive and efficient railway infrastructure design.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56013,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Geotechnics","volume":"57 ","pages":"Article 101879"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145885298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seismic Performance and Fragility Assessment of Pile-Slab Retaining Walls Backfilled with Lightweight Foamed Concrete","authors":"Rongwei Fan ,&nbsp;Junjie Huang ,&nbsp;Yanfei Pei ,&nbsp;Honglin Sun ,&nbsp;Hongyi Yao ,&nbsp;Degou Cai ,&nbsp;Xiaoduo Ou ,&nbsp;Qian Su ,&nbsp;Yongyi Shang","doi":"10.1016/j.trgeo.2025.101873","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trgeo.2025.101873","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the mechanical behavior and seismic performance of pile-slab retaining wall structures backfilled with lightweight foamed concrete (LFC) through a combination of laboratory testing and numerical simulation. A comprehensive material testing program was carried out to evaluate the strength evolution of LFC under uniaxial compression, from which key constitutive parameters such as elastic modulus and Poisson’s ratio were obtained. Based on these experimental results, a three-dimensional nonlinear finite difference model was developed, and dynamic time-history analyses were performed to assess the structural response under strong seismic loading. The results indicate that, compared with conventional soil backfill, LFC significantly reduces pile head horizontal displacement and seismic inertial forces, while its unique compressive deformation characteristics enhance overall structural stability. Furthermore, probabilistic seismic vulnerability analysis shows that the PGA values corresponding to a 50% probability of damage at levels I-IV increase by 25.8%, 19.6%, 13.3%, and 7.0%, respectively, for LFC backfill, indicating slower damage accumulation and improved seismic resilience. The study reveals the mechanisms by which LFC enhances energy dissipation and stress redistribution, thereby providing a theoretical basis and technical support for the optimized design of innovative retaining structures in seismic regions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56013,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Geotechnics","volume":"57 ","pages":"Article 101873"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145841254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}