Pub Date : 2024-08-06DOI: 10.1007/s10825-024-02205-1
Hasan Temurtaş, Gürcan Yavuz, Serdar Özyön, Aybüke Ünlü
While the demand for electrical energy in the world increases daily, a large part of this demand is still provided by fossil fuels. However, the most significant contribution to solving the economic and environmental problems that arise is the spread of renewable energy production systems. Solar power generation systems are one of these renewable energy generation systems. In this study, cell and module parameters are modeled and estimated in different ways to obtain maximum energy from solar cells used in solar power generation systems. Cell and model vendors need to provide complete information to the end user. Therefore, the systems created turn into a nonlinear problem with many unknown parameters. In this study, single-diode model (SDM), double-diode model (DDM), and triple diode model (TDM) for photovoltaic (PV) cells as well as parameter estimations of four different PV modules produced by other vendors were performed for the first time with the dingo optimization algorithm (DOA). The mathematical model of PV module parameters is derived using open-circuit voltage (Voc), short-circuit current (Isc), and maximum power point values (Pmpp). The parameter values obtained by the algorithm aim to get the maximum power point curve for each model and module with minimum error. These values are compared with five traditional and five recent meta-heuristic algorithms, which have extreme positions in the literature.
{"title":"Estimating equivalent circuit parameters in various photovoltaic models and modules using the dingo optimization algorithm","authors":"Hasan Temurtaş, Gürcan Yavuz, Serdar Özyön, Aybüke Ünlü","doi":"10.1007/s10825-024-02205-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10825-024-02205-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p>While the demand for electrical energy in the world increases daily, a large part of this demand is still provided by fossil fuels. However, the most significant contribution to solving the economic and environmental problems that arise is the spread of renewable energy production systems. Solar power generation systems are one of these renewable energy generation systems. In this study, cell and module parameters are modeled and estimated in different ways to obtain maximum energy from solar cells used in solar power generation systems. Cell and model vendors need to provide complete information to the end user. Therefore, the systems created turn into a nonlinear problem with many unknown parameters. In this study, single-diode model (SDM), double-diode model (DDM), and triple diode model (TDM) for photovoltaic (PV) cells as well as parameter estimations of four different PV modules produced by other vendors were performed for the first time with the dingo optimization algorithm (DOA). The mathematical model of PV module parameters is derived using open-circuit voltage (<i>V</i><sub>oc</sub>), short-circuit current (<i>I</i><sub>sc</sub>), and maximum power point values (<i>P</i><sub>mpp</sub>). The parameter values obtained by the algorithm aim to get the maximum power point curve for each model and module with minimum error. These values are compared with five traditional and five recent meta-heuristic algorithms, which have extreme positions in the literature.</p>","PeriodicalId":620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Computational Electronics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141930496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this paper, a strain-modified Si/Si0.97C0.03 asymmetrical superlattice exotic type (p + -i-p-n +) avalanche photodetector has been designed for applications on the infrared wavelength region. The photoelectric characteristics of the device are studied by developing a self-consistent quantum phenomena-based drift–diffusion model in conjunction with PSpice simulator. The overall performance of the device has been boosted significantly by introducing strain engineering which enhances the out-plane mobility of the charge particles in the intrinsic/active region of the device. The strain is produced in the intrinsic/active region by inclusion of small amount of carbon (C) into the pure Si material. The proposed strain-modified exotic avalanche photodetector exhibits better performance in terms of quantum efficiency (0.671) and photo-responsivity (0.645 A/W) compared to its planer unstrained Si counterpart (quantum efficiency: 0.481, photo-responsivity: 0.524A/W) at 1800 nm wavelength. Additionally, a 3 × 4 array of photodetectors has been designed using this device and its optoelectronic properties are studied in the IR wavelength region. The superiority of the performance of the 3 × 4 array of photodetectors is established in terms of better quantum efficiency (0.872) and better photo-responsivity (0.851 A/W). The validity of quantum phenomena-based drift–diffusion model is established by comparing the simulated data with experimental findings under similar operating conditions. The developed device can be used in defense as well as biomedical industries for sensing applications.
{"title":"Strain engineered < Si/Si0.97C0.03 > superlattice photodetector for optoelectronic applications: a comprehensive numerical analysis and experimental verification","authors":"Moumita Chakraborty, Pradip Kumar Sadhu, Abhijit Kundu, Moumita Mukherjee","doi":"10.1007/s10825-024-02209-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10825-024-02209-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this paper, a strain-modified Si/Si<sub>0.97</sub>C<sub>0.03</sub> asymmetrical superlattice exotic type (p + -i-p-n +) avalanche photodetector has been designed for applications on the infrared wavelength region. The photoelectric characteristics of the device are studied by developing a self-consistent quantum phenomena-based drift–diffusion model in conjunction with PSpice simulator. The overall performance of the device has been boosted significantly by introducing strain engineering which enhances the out-plane mobility of the charge particles in the intrinsic/active region of the device. The strain is produced in the intrinsic/active region by inclusion of small amount of carbon (C) into the pure Si material. The proposed strain-modified exotic avalanche photodetector exhibits better performance in terms of quantum efficiency (0.671) and photo-responsivity (0.645 A/W) compared to its planer unstrained Si counterpart (quantum efficiency: 0.481, photo-responsivity: 0.524A/W) at 1800 nm wavelength. Additionally, a 3 × 4 array of photodetectors has been designed using this device and its optoelectronic properties are studied in the IR wavelength region. The superiority of the performance of the 3 × 4 array of photodetectors is established in terms of better quantum efficiency (0.872) and better photo-responsivity (0.851 A/W). The validity of quantum phenomena-based drift–diffusion model is established by comparing the simulated data with experimental findings under similar operating conditions. The developed device can be used in defense as well as biomedical industries for sensing applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Computational Electronics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141930498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-03DOI: 10.1007/s10825-024-02208-y
B. Minaie, S. A. Ketabi, J. M. De Sousa
Based on density functional theory (DFT), the GW approximation and Bethe–Salpeter equation (BSE), we performed a theoretical calculation to study the electronic and optical properties of penta-graphene (PG) monolayers. Our findings reveal that PG behaves as a semiconductor with an indirect band gap of 2.27 eV at the DFT-GGA level. By incorporating the GW approximation based on many-body perturbation theory, we observed an increase in the band gap, resulting in a quasi-direct band gap of 4.53 eV. Furthermore, we employed the G0W0-RPA and G0W0-BSE approximations to compute the optical spectra of the monolayer in the absence and in the presence of electron–hole interaction, respectively. The results indicate that the inclusion of electron–hole interactions leads to a red-shift of the absorption spectrum towards lower energies compared to the spectrum obtained from the G0W0-RPA approximation. Notably, the optical absorption spectra are predominantly governed by the first bound exciton, characterized by a significant binding energy of 2.07 eV. Our results suggest that the PG monolayer, with its wider band gap and enhanced excitonic effects, is potentially a suitable candidate for the design and fabrication of optoelectronic components.
{"title":"Theoretical calculations of the optoelectronic properties of a penta-graphene monolayer: study of many-body effects","authors":"B. Minaie, S. A. Ketabi, J. M. De Sousa","doi":"10.1007/s10825-024-02208-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10825-024-02208-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Based on density functional theory (DFT), the GW approximation and Bethe–Salpeter equation (BSE), we performed a theoretical calculation to study the electronic and optical properties of penta-graphene (PG) monolayers. Our findings reveal that PG behaves as a semiconductor with an indirect band gap of 2.27 eV at the DFT-GGA level. By incorporating the GW approximation based on many-body perturbation theory, we observed an increase in the band gap, resulting in a quasi-direct band gap of 4.53 eV. Furthermore, we employed the G<sub>0</sub>W<sub>0</sub>-RPA and G<sub>0</sub>W<sub>0</sub>-BSE approximations to compute the optical spectra of the monolayer in the absence and in the presence of electron–hole interaction, respectively. The results indicate that the inclusion of electron–hole interactions leads to a red-shift of the absorption spectrum towards lower energies compared to the spectrum obtained from the G<sub>0</sub>W<sub>0</sub>-RPA approximation. Notably, the optical absorption spectra are predominantly governed by the first bound exciton, characterized by a significant binding energy of 2.07 eV. Our results suggest that the PG monolayer, with its wider band gap and enhanced excitonic effects, is potentially a suitable candidate for the design and fabrication of optoelectronic components.</p>","PeriodicalId":620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Computational Electronics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141885948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-03DOI: 10.1007/s10825-024-02206-0
Yalin Zhong, Peng Chen
Josephson junctions based on superconducting materials are fundamental components for quantum detection, quantum communication and quantum computers. An accurate behavioral model of Josephson junctions is the prerequisite for predicting the response (or the behavior) of various superconducting circuits. In this study, we present a resistively and capacitively shunted junction model-based behavioral-level model for the current–voltage characteristics of Josephson junctions. This model accurately predicts the current–voltage characteristics and their temperature dependencies of Josephson junctions made of different materials under three typical working modes: underdamped voltage-driven, overdamped current-driven, and underdamped current-driven. Additionally, it forecasts the critical current and superconducting energy gap characteristics with respect to temperature, as well as the constraint relationship between the shunt resistance, superconducting energy gap, and critical current. Comparing the measured data with the simulation predictions, the model has an average accuracy of 89.28(%), which demonstrate its reliability.
{"title":"A new behavioral-level model of superconducting Josephson junctions with Simulink","authors":"Yalin Zhong, Peng Chen","doi":"10.1007/s10825-024-02206-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10825-024-02206-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Josephson junctions based on superconducting materials are fundamental components for quantum detection, quantum communication and quantum computers. An accurate behavioral model of Josephson junctions is the prerequisite for predicting the response (or the behavior) of various superconducting circuits. In this study, we present a resistively and capacitively shunted junction model-based behavioral-level model for the current–voltage characteristics of Josephson junctions. This model accurately predicts the current–voltage characteristics and their temperature dependencies of Josephson junctions made of different materials under three typical working modes: underdamped voltage-driven, overdamped current-driven, and underdamped current-driven. Additionally, it forecasts the critical current and superconducting energy gap characteristics with respect to temperature, as well as the constraint relationship between the shunt resistance, superconducting energy gap, and critical current. Comparing the measured data with the simulation predictions, the model has an average accuracy of 89.28<span>(%)</span>, which demonstrate its reliability.</p>","PeriodicalId":620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Computational Electronics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141930497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-02DOI: 10.1007/s10825-024-02204-2
Badis Lekouaghet, Mohammed Amin Khelifa, Abdelkrim Boukabou
This paper deals with the determination of the optimal values to be given for the seven unknown parameters of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC). To this end, the weighted mean of vectors optimizer (INFO) metaheuristic algorithm is applied to estimate these parameters by minimizing the sum of squared errors (SSEs) between the measured and calculated voltages of the PEMFC. Three commercial types of PEMFCs are investigated: (i) BCS 500 W Stack, (ii) NedStack PS6 Stack, and (iii) Horizon 500 W Stack. The accuracy of the applied INFO algorithm is verified by comparing the estimated voltage–current ((I-V)) characteristics with the measured data. Furthermore, the estimated parameters of electrical PEMFCs, the minimum reached SSE, and the standard deviation Std values achieved by INFO are compared with the results obtained using other competitive metaheuristic optimization algorithms such as Honey badger algorithm, Gradient-based optimizer, Harris hawks optimization, and others. From the obtained results, the convergence curves show that the unknown parameters of the three PEMFCs are better estimated using the proposed INFO than other algorithms.
本文探讨如何确定质子交换膜燃料电池(PEMFC)七个未知参数的最优值。为此,采用加权平均向量优化器(INFO)元启发式算法,通过最小化 PEMFC 测量电压与计算电压之间的平方误差之和(SSE)来估计这些参数。研究了三种商用 PEMFC:(i) BCS 500 W Stack、(ii) NedStack PS6 Stack 和 (iii) Horizon 500 W Stack。通过比较估计的电压-电流((I-V))特性与测量数据,验证了所应用的 INFO 算法的准确性。此外,还将 INFO 算法估算的 PEMFC 电气参数、达到的最小 SSE 值和标准偏差 Std 值与使用其他有竞争力的元启发式优化算法(如蜜獾算法、基于梯度的优化器、哈里斯鹰优化等)获得的结果进行了比较。从获得的结果来看,收敛曲线表明,与其他算法相比,使用 INFO 估算三个 PEMFC 的未知参数效果更好。
{"title":"Precise parameter estimation of PEM fuel cell via weighted mean of vectors optimizer","authors":"Badis Lekouaghet, Mohammed Amin Khelifa, Abdelkrim Boukabou","doi":"10.1007/s10825-024-02204-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10825-024-02204-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper deals with the determination of the optimal values to be given for the seven unknown parameters of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC). To this end, the weighted mean of vectors optimizer (INFO) metaheuristic algorithm is applied to estimate these parameters by minimizing the sum of squared errors (SSEs) between the measured and calculated voltages of the PEMFC. Three commercial types of PEMFCs are investigated: (i) BCS 500 W Stack, (ii) NedStack PS6 Stack, and (iii) Horizon 500 W Stack. The accuracy of the applied INFO algorithm is verified by comparing the estimated voltage–current <span>((I-V))</span> characteristics with the measured data. Furthermore, the estimated parameters of electrical PEMFCs, the minimum reached SSE, and the standard deviation Std values achieved by INFO are compared with the results obtained using other competitive metaheuristic optimization algorithms such as Honey badger algorithm, Gradient-based optimizer, Harris hawks optimization, and others. From the obtained results, the convergence curves show that the unknown parameters of the three PEMFCs are better estimated using the proposed INFO than other algorithms.</p>","PeriodicalId":620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Computational Electronics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141885949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Emerging materials inspire us to study one of the perovskite chalcogens made from alkaline-earth-metals (Baryum). Here, we have determined some fundamental properties and explained their applicability in energy conversion device fabrication by first principles calculation. These materials show direct bandgap for BaZrS3and BaZrSe3 1.83 eV and 1.3 eV (at symmetry pointΓ), respectively; Elastic parameters like as Pugh ratio B/G ~ 1.75 and 1.78 for BaZrS3and BaZrSe3, respectively and have broader visible absorption spectrum with mechanically stable. The absorption coefficient is greater than 105 cm−1 at photon energy 1.83 eV for BZS and 1.3 eV for BZSe. For photovoltaic application, electron transport layer (ETL) has been varied, while putting hole transport layer (HTL) for the findings of efficiency, and ZnO is proven with 21.97% efficiency. This emerging study shows that these materials may be used as an alert substance in energy conversion device fabrications and the proposed outcomes are in good acceptance with the experimental and other theoretical data. As per the optical and thermoelectric parameters of these materials, we infer that both are promising candidates in energy conversion devices.
Methods
Fundamental properties based on the full-potential linearized augmented plane wave (FP-LAPW) method, this computation was performed using the WIEN2k simulation code. In order to calculate the photovoltaic properties of semiconducting perovskites, it is one of the most reliable methods. For application point of view, the Microelectronic and Photonic Structures-one-dimensional (AMPS-1D) analysis tool has been used for simulation of photovoltaic devices. There are several critical absorbance parameters, including band gap, defect density, thickness, concentration of doping, and operating temperature, that have been taken into consideration.
{"title":"Study of chalcogenide-based metal perovskites BrZrX3 (X = S and Se): DFT insight into fundamental properties for sustainable energy generation using AMPS-1D","authors":"Naincy Pandit, Rashmi Singh, Peeyush Kumar Kamlesh, Nitin Kumar, Pawan Sharma, Sarita Kumari, Tanuj Kumar, Samah Al-Qaisi, Ajay Singh Verma","doi":"10.1007/s10825-024-02201-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10825-024-02201-5","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Context</h3><p>Emerging materials inspire us to study one of the perovskite chalcogens made from alkaline-earth-metals (Baryum). Here, we have determined some fundamental properties and explained their applicability in energy conversion device fabrication by first principles calculation. These materials show direct bandgap for BaZrS<sub>3</sub>and BaZrSe<sub>3</sub> 1.83 eV and 1.3 eV (at symmetry pointΓ), respectively; Elastic parameters like as Pugh ratio B/G ~ 1.75 and 1.78 for BaZrS<sub>3</sub>and BaZrSe<sub>3</sub>, respectively and have broader visible absorption spectrum with mechanically stable. The absorption coefficient is greater than 105 cm<sup>−1</sup> at photon energy 1.83 eV for BZS and 1.3 eV for BZSe. For photovoltaic application, electron transport layer (ETL) has been varied, while putting hole transport layer (HTL) for the findings of efficiency, and ZnO is proven with 21.97% efficiency. This emerging study shows that these materials may be used as an alert substance in energy conversion device fabrications and the proposed outcomes are in good acceptance with the experimental and other theoretical data. As per the optical and thermoelectric parameters of these materials, we infer that both are promising candidates in energy conversion devices.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>Fundamental properties based on the full-potential linearized augmented plane wave (FP-LAPW) method, this computation was performed using the WIEN2k simulation code. In order to calculate the photovoltaic properties of semiconducting perovskites, it is one of the most reliable methods. For application point of view, the Microelectronic and Photonic Structures-one-dimensional (AMPS-1D) analysis tool has been used for simulation of photovoltaic devices. There are several critical absorbance parameters, including band gap, defect density, thickness, concentration of doping, and operating temperature, that have been taken into consideration. </p>","PeriodicalId":620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Computational Electronics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141867919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-30DOI: 10.1007/s10825-024-02200-6
M. A. Kakpo, C. H. Miwadinou
We studied the nonlinear dynamics of a shunted inductive Josephson junction coupled to a diode and a negative conductance. Taking into account the non-harmonicity of the junction, based on Kirchhoff’s laws, we have developed the mathematical model which governs the dynamics of the circuit. The fixed points of the system are determined, and their stabilities are analyzed using the Routh–Hurwitz criterion. The bifurcation and transition to chaos of the model are studied using the the fourth-order Runge–Kutta method; the system displays a rich dynamics. The range of values of each parameter leading to periodic and chaotic electrical oscillations is obtained through the analysis of the effect of these parameters on each type of dynamics. Finally, the implementation by microcontroller is carried out in order to experimentally verify the different dynamics obtained numerically.
{"title":"Nonlinear dynamics of a Josephson junction coupled to a diode and a negative conductance","authors":"M. A. Kakpo, C. H. Miwadinou","doi":"10.1007/s10825-024-02200-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10825-024-02200-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We studied the nonlinear dynamics of a shunted inductive Josephson junction coupled to a diode and a negative conductance. Taking into account the non-harmonicity of the junction, based on Kirchhoff’s laws, we have developed the mathematical model which governs the dynamics of the circuit. The fixed points of the system are determined, and their stabilities are analyzed using the Routh–Hurwitz criterion. The bifurcation and transition to chaos of the model are studied using the the fourth-order Runge–Kutta method; the system displays a rich dynamics. The range of values of each parameter leading to periodic and chaotic electrical oscillations is obtained through the analysis of the effect of these parameters on each type of dynamics. Finally, the implementation by microcontroller is carried out in order to experimentally verify the different dynamics obtained numerically.</p>","PeriodicalId":620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Computational Electronics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141867920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-27DOI: 10.1007/s10825-024-02203-3
Nathan De Sutter, Emile Vanderstraeten, Dries Vande Ginste
The non-equilibrium Green’s function formalism is often employed to model photon-assisted tunneling processes in opto-electronic quantum well devices. For this purpose, self-consistent schemes based on a quantum electrodynamical description of light–matter interactions have been proposed before. However, these schemes are typically computationally very demanding. Therefore, in this work, a novel semi-classical method based on Floquet–Green theory is proposed, which strongly mitigates the computational costs. By comparison to results obtained with a traditional, purely quantum mechanical technique, the new approach is validated, shown to be faster, and exhibits superior convergence properties. Finally, a two-band model for superlattice structures is constructed to further illustrate the advantages of the novel, advocated method.
{"title":"A semi-classical Floquet-NEGF approach to model photon-assisted tunneling in quantum well devices","authors":"Nathan De Sutter, Emile Vanderstraeten, Dries Vande Ginste","doi":"10.1007/s10825-024-02203-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10825-024-02203-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The non-equilibrium Green’s function formalism is often employed to model photon-assisted tunneling processes in opto-electronic quantum well devices. For this purpose, self-consistent schemes based on a quantum electrodynamical description of light–matter interactions have been proposed before. However, these schemes are typically computationally very demanding. Therefore, in this work, a novel semi-classical method based on Floquet–Green theory is proposed, which strongly mitigates the computational costs. By comparison to results obtained with a traditional, purely quantum mechanical technique, the new approach is validated, shown to be faster, and exhibits superior convergence properties. Finally, a two-band model for superlattice structures is constructed to further illustrate the advantages of the novel, advocated method.</p>","PeriodicalId":620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Computational Electronics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141771193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-26DOI: 10.1007/s10825-024-02199-w
Arash Madmeli, Kiarash Madmeli, Jabbar Ganji
Utilizing the two-dimensional (2D) nano-bands with graphene-like atom arrangement in the structure of the solar cells is of significant importance for the next generation of solar cells. In the present research, germanene (2D structure consisting of germanium atoms) was placed in ITO/germanene (1, 2, 3)/({hbox {MoS}}_{2}) (n)/a-SiGe: H (i)/c-Si (P)/Au heterojunction solar cell structures once as semiconductor layers with Al (germanene1), P (germanene2), and In (germanene3) dopant, separately. Then, the free-standing germanene was used as front contact in a structure consisting of germanene/({hbox {MoS}}_{2}) (n)/a-SiGe: H (i)/c-Si (P)/Au of the heterojunction cell. The impacts of different radiant intensities at 300 K temperature by the AM1.5 spectrum radiation were investigated using the AFORS-HET simulation tool. The highest efficiency was obtained in the presence of the germanene2 layer, which was 18.64%, 17.78%, and 19.56%, respectively, in 1 sun, 0.1 sun, and 100 sun radiant intensities. By applying the free-standing germanene in the structure of the proposed cell, the efficiency in radiant intensities of 1 sun, 0.1 sun, and 50 sun were 26.98%, 25.87%, and 27.99%, respectively. The results suggest that this 2D structure can improve the cell’s output parameters, especially the efficiency, positively affecting the solar cell function due to its monoatomic thickness. Therefore, germanene can be an emerging competitor to other 2D structures used in the structure of solar cells.
{"title":"Investigating the potential of germanene in solar cells: a simulation study on a-SiGe/c-Si structure","authors":"Arash Madmeli, Kiarash Madmeli, Jabbar Ganji","doi":"10.1007/s10825-024-02199-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10825-024-02199-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Utilizing the two-dimensional (2D) nano-bands with graphene-like atom arrangement in the structure of the solar cells is of significant importance for the next generation of solar cells. In the present research, germanene (2D structure consisting of germanium atoms) was placed in ITO/germanene (1, 2, 3)/<span>({hbox {MoS}}_{2})</span> (n)/a-SiGe: H (i)/c-Si (P)/Au heterojunction solar cell structures once as semiconductor layers with Al (germanene1), P (germanene2), and In (germanene3) dopant, separately. Then, the free-standing germanene was used as front contact in a structure consisting of germanene/<span>({hbox {MoS}}_{2})</span> (n)/a-SiGe: H (i)/c-Si (P)/Au of the heterojunction cell. The impacts of different radiant intensities at 300 K temperature by the AM1.5 spectrum radiation were investigated using the AFORS-HET simulation tool. The highest efficiency was obtained in the presence of the germanene2 layer, which was 18.64%, 17.78%, and 19.56%, respectively, in 1 sun, 0.1 sun, and 100 sun radiant intensities. By applying the free-standing germanene in the structure of the proposed cell, the efficiency in radiant intensities of 1 sun, 0.1 sun, and 50 sun were 26.98%, 25.87%, and 27.99%, respectively. The results suggest that this 2D structure can improve the cell’s output parameters, especially the efficiency, positively affecting the solar cell function due to its monoatomic thickness. Therefore, germanene can be an emerging competitor to other 2D structures used in the structure of solar cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":620,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Computational Electronics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141770958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}