Pub Date : 2006-01-01DOI: 10.1109/NEMS.2006.334840
X. Tao, Xiaobin Zhang, Junlian Wang, Jipeng Cheng, Fu Liu, Junhang Luo, Zhiqiang Luo
High yields of multi-walled carbon nanotubes are synthesized by chemical vapor deposition of acetylene on palladium nanoparticles supported on porous SiO2. HRTEM results reveal that the carbon nanotubes have novel conical inner structure. By changing the content of palladium in the catalyst, we obtained palladium nanoparticles with different diameter distribution. It was found that the apex angles of cones, the outer diameter and the length have a dependence on the diameter of the palladium nanoparticles. Due to the presence of open graphite layers, these novel carbon nanotubes have fascinating potential for energy storage, filed emission and composites
{"title":"Controllable Synthesis of CNTs Using Pd Catalyst","authors":"X. Tao, Xiaobin Zhang, Junlian Wang, Jipeng Cheng, Fu Liu, Junhang Luo, Zhiqiang Luo","doi":"10.1109/NEMS.2006.334840","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NEMS.2006.334840","url":null,"abstract":"High yields of multi-walled carbon nanotubes are synthesized by chemical vapor deposition of acetylene on palladium nanoparticles supported on porous SiO2. HRTEM results reveal that the carbon nanotubes have novel conical inner structure. By changing the content of palladium in the catalyst, we obtained palladium nanoparticles with different diameter distribution. It was found that the apex angles of cones, the outer diameter and the length have a dependence on the diameter of the palladium nanoparticles. Due to the presence of open graphite layers, these novel carbon nanotubes have fascinating potential for energy storage, filed emission and composites","PeriodicalId":6362,"journal":{"name":"2006 1st IEEE International Conference on Nano/Micro Engineered and Molecular Systems","volume":"74 1","pages":"559-562"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87085725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-01-01DOI: 10.1109/NEMS.2006.334670
Yingchun Liang, J. Dou, Q. Bai, Shumei Wang, Mingjun Chen, Yan Zhao, S. Dong
In this study we predict the frequency modulation atomic force microscopy (FM-AFM) subatomic frequency shift images of a Si (001) surface using empirical potential molecular dynamic methods. We model carbon single-wall nanotube caped tip and Si (001) surface to investigate the tip-surface interaction. The simulation shows that the FM-AFM imaging force mainly comes from C-Si/C-C chemical covalent bonding forces; the long range nonbond van der Waals forces are slight and can be ignored
{"title":"Subatomic Imaging of Si (001) Surface by Molecular Dynamic Simulation","authors":"Yingchun Liang, J. Dou, Q. Bai, Shumei Wang, Mingjun Chen, Yan Zhao, S. Dong","doi":"10.1109/NEMS.2006.334670","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NEMS.2006.334670","url":null,"abstract":"In this study we predict the frequency modulation atomic force microscopy (FM-AFM) subatomic frequency shift images of a Si (001) surface using empirical potential molecular dynamic methods. We model carbon single-wall nanotube caped tip and Si (001) surface to investigate the tip-surface interaction. The simulation shows that the FM-AFM imaging force mainly comes from C-Si/C-C chemical covalent bonding forces; the long range nonbond van der Waals forces are slight and can be ignored","PeriodicalId":6362,"journal":{"name":"2006 1st IEEE International Conference on Nano/Micro Engineered and Molecular Systems","volume":"20 1","pages":"1156-1159"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84670101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-01-01DOI: 10.1109/NEMS.2006.334599
Jian Yuan, Li Han, Yansheng Zuo, Lin-Sheng Yun
Ideally the atomic force microscope (AFM) provides three-dimensional structure of surfaces at high resolution. Nevertheless, there are some requirements for work with biological specimens which should be taken into consideration in the design of an AFM. And a key requirement is that the AFM should be capable of scanning over relatively large areas. In this paper we introduce an experimental AFM head which can scan as large as 200 mumtimes200 mum. It will be very useful for scanning biological specimens. Our design is an extension of a product NSPM 6800, which is manufactured in China. We use this experimental instrumentation to scan the surface of a calibration grating and red blood cells, and obtain the images successfully. The results show that this AFM head has the basic capability to scan large areas, as well as general biological specimens.
{"title":"An Improved AFM Head for Biological Specimen","authors":"Jian Yuan, Li Han, Yansheng Zuo, Lin-Sheng Yun","doi":"10.1109/NEMS.2006.334599","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NEMS.2006.334599","url":null,"abstract":"Ideally the atomic force microscope (AFM) provides three-dimensional structure of surfaces at high resolution. Nevertheless, there are some requirements for work with biological specimens which should be taken into consideration in the design of an AFM. And a key requirement is that the AFM should be capable of scanning over relatively large areas. In this paper we introduce an experimental AFM head which can scan as large as 200 mumtimes200 mum. It will be very useful for scanning biological specimens. Our design is an extension of a product NSPM 6800, which is manufactured in China. We use this experimental instrumentation to scan the surface of a calibration grating and red blood cells, and obtain the images successfully. The results show that this AFM head has the basic capability to scan large areas, as well as general biological specimens.","PeriodicalId":6362,"journal":{"name":"2006 1st IEEE International Conference on Nano/Micro Engineered and Molecular Systems","volume":"15 1","pages":"1004-1007"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85005564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-01-01DOI: 10.1109/NEMS.2006.334710
X. Niu, Yi-Kuen Lee, Liyu Liu, W. Wen
We present the successful design and fabrication of push-and-pull micro-valve and micro mixer chips that driven by a kind of nanoparticle based giant electrorheological fluid (GER fluid). Our multilayer chips are fabricated by polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)-based soft lithography techniques. Fast response time of the GER fluid and the push-and-pull valve design adopted assure fast switching time of the valve less than 10 ms and sound reliability. The giant electrorheological effect of ER fluid used is able to provide high pressure changes in GER control channels, so as to supply perturbations with amplitude big enough to achieve fully chaotic mixing of micro flows in a short channel length
{"title":"Micro Valve and Chaotic Mixer Driven by Electrorheological Fluid","authors":"X. Niu, Yi-Kuen Lee, Liyu Liu, W. Wen","doi":"10.1109/NEMS.2006.334710","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NEMS.2006.334710","url":null,"abstract":"We present the successful design and fabrication of push-and-pull micro-valve and micro mixer chips that driven by a kind of nanoparticle based giant electrorheological fluid (GER fluid). Our multilayer chips are fabricated by polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)-based soft lithography techniques. Fast response time of the GER fluid and the push-and-pull valve design adopted assure fast switching time of the valve less than 10 ms and sound reliability. The giant electrorheological effect of ER fluid used is able to provide high pressure changes in GER control channels, so as to supply perturbations with amplitude big enough to achieve fully chaotic mixing of micro flows in a short channel length","PeriodicalId":6362,"journal":{"name":"2006 1st IEEE International Conference on Nano/Micro Engineered and Molecular Systems","volume":"21 1","pages":"1254-1257"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86297831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-01-01DOI: 10.1109/NEMS.2006.334677
H. Chu, M. Weng, Chih-Cheng Nien, Cheng Lin, Kuan-I Hu
This study produces low-temperature poly-silicon (LTPS) film by aluminum induced crystallization (AIC) method on Corning Eagle2000 glass substrate. Through the control of different sputtering power in depositing aluminum film, five kinds of specimens with sputtering power of 100, 200, 400, 800 and 1600 Watts, respectively, are made. Crystal quality, surface morphology, roughness and film residual stress varying with aluminum film sputtering power are analyzed with XRD, Raman spectra, SEM, AFM and alpha-stepper. Results show that surface roughness increases proportional to sputtering power. More and more bulges and cracks are observed on the poly-Si thin film in SEM micrographs as the sputtering power increases. A broken poly-Si film is observed in SEM micrograph when Al sputtering power is 1600 Watts. The film stresses calculated are tensile when sputtering power are 100 and 200 W from the measurement results of alpha-stepper both before and after annealing process. However, if the sputtering power is further increased to 400 and 800 Watts, the film stresses will become compressive. This explained the reason why bulges and cracks increase with the sputtering power. The film stress cannot be calculated correctly because the film has already broken and the equation for calculating stress is no more applicable. Therefore, from the viewpoint of minimal film stress, a sputtering power of aluminum film of 200 to 400 Watts will be the optimal range in our study
{"title":"The Influence of Sputtering Power of Aluminum Film in Aluminum Induced Crystallization of Low Temperature Poly-Silicon Film","authors":"H. Chu, M. Weng, Chih-Cheng Nien, Cheng Lin, Kuan-I Hu","doi":"10.1109/NEMS.2006.334677","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NEMS.2006.334677","url":null,"abstract":"This study produces low-temperature poly-silicon (LTPS) film by aluminum induced crystallization (AIC) method on Corning Eagle2000 glass substrate. Through the control of different sputtering power in depositing aluminum film, five kinds of specimens with sputtering power of 100, 200, 400, 800 and 1600 Watts, respectively, are made. Crystal quality, surface morphology, roughness and film residual stress varying with aluminum film sputtering power are analyzed with XRD, Raman spectra, SEM, AFM and alpha-stepper. Results show that surface roughness increases proportional to sputtering power. More and more bulges and cracks are observed on the poly-Si thin film in SEM micrographs as the sputtering power increases. A broken poly-Si film is observed in SEM micrograph when Al sputtering power is 1600 Watts. The film stresses calculated are tensile when sputtering power are 100 and 200 W from the measurement results of alpha-stepper both before and after annealing process. However, if the sputtering power is further increased to 400 and 800 Watts, the film stresses will become compressive. This explained the reason why bulges and cracks increase with the sputtering power. The film stress cannot be calculated correctly because the film has already broken and the equation for calculating stress is no more applicable. Therefore, from the viewpoint of minimal film stress, a sputtering power of aluminum film of 200 to 400 Watts will be the optimal range in our study","PeriodicalId":6362,"journal":{"name":"2006 1st IEEE International Conference on Nano/Micro Engineered and Molecular Systems","volume":"10 1","pages":"1190-1193"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86001352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-01-01DOI: 10.1109/NEMS.2006.334623
Kaicheng Chang, Wen Yuan Liu
A second generation ITRI micro gyroscope design is designed, fabricated, and tested. Major improvements over the original design include using thin film metallization techniques to increase the proof mass to 9.32 times 10-7g for the 500 times 500 mum2 gyro structure, and demonstrating an integrated package with a CMOS ASIC die. The custom-built, capacitance-to-voltage converter ASIC has a calculated noise floor of 6.5times10-7 V/Hz-2 at 19 KHz, a full-scale range of 5 fF, and a target resolution of 5 aF. The gyroscope has a fundamental actuation frequency at 4.33 KHz, with a quality factor of 22.5 under atmospheric conditions
{"title":"Improved Dual-Axis Micro Gyroscope Using a Commercially Available Fabrication Processes","authors":"Kaicheng Chang, Wen Yuan Liu","doi":"10.1109/NEMS.2006.334623","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NEMS.2006.334623","url":null,"abstract":"A second generation ITRI micro gyroscope design is designed, fabricated, and tested. Major improvements over the original design include using thin film metallization techniques to increase the proof mass to 9.32 times 10-7g for the 500 times 500 mum2 gyro structure, and demonstrating an integrated package with a CMOS ASIC die. The custom-built, capacitance-to-voltage converter ASIC has a calculated noise floor of 6.5times10-7 V/Hz-2 at 19 KHz, a full-scale range of 5 fF, and a target resolution of 5 aF. The gyroscope has a fundamental actuation frequency at 4.33 KHz, with a quality factor of 22.5 under atmospheric conditions","PeriodicalId":6362,"journal":{"name":"2006 1st IEEE International Conference on Nano/Micro Engineered and Molecular Systems","volume":"10 1","pages":"66-69"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85875908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-01-01DOI: 10.1109/NEMS.2006.334830
Chia-Yuan Chen, W. Fang, Chiko Chen, Jing-Tang Yang, P. Lyu
A micro-pillar chip is proposed and developed to separate the amino acids, phenylalanine and tryptophan, through the aqueous two-phase system (ATPS). The surface properties of micro-pillars, specifically hydrophobicity and hydrophilicity for separation are also investigated. Because their isoelectric points (pI values) are similar, these amino acids are difficult to separate by general extraction techniques; the ATPS is thus adopted in a micro-system to separate these amino acids and only a few micro liters of sample are required. The results reveal that the various surface properties of micro-pillars distinguish the separation mechanisms and efficiency. When the micro-pillar array is constructed in the ATPS, the separation efficiency is improved. Furthermore, the surface of micro-pillars becomes activated from hydrophobic to hydrophilic, and micro-pillars with a hydrophilic surface increase the separation ability without sample residues. Hence separation is improved on incorporating hydrophilic micro-pillars in the ATPS
{"title":"Separation of Amino Acids by Aqueous Two-Phase Electrophoresis on the Micro-Pillar Chips","authors":"Chia-Yuan Chen, W. Fang, Chiko Chen, Jing-Tang Yang, P. Lyu","doi":"10.1109/NEMS.2006.334830","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NEMS.2006.334830","url":null,"abstract":"A micro-pillar chip is proposed and developed to separate the amino acids, phenylalanine and tryptophan, through the aqueous two-phase system (ATPS). The surface properties of micro-pillars, specifically hydrophobicity and hydrophilicity for separation are also investigated. Because their isoelectric points (pI values) are similar, these amino acids are difficult to separate by general extraction techniques; the ATPS is thus adopted in a micro-system to separate these amino acids and only a few micro liters of sample are required. The results reveal that the various surface properties of micro-pillars distinguish the separation mechanisms and efficiency. When the micro-pillar array is constructed in the ATPS, the separation efficiency is improved. Furthermore, the surface of micro-pillars becomes activated from hydrophobic to hydrophilic, and micro-pillars with a hydrophilic surface increase the separation ability without sample residues. Hence separation is improved on incorporating hydrophilic micro-pillars in the ATPS","PeriodicalId":6362,"journal":{"name":"2006 1st IEEE International Conference on Nano/Micro Engineered and Molecular Systems","volume":"27 1","pages":"513-518"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83580020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-01-01DOI: 10.1109/NEMS.2006.334866
Qingsong Xu, Yangmin Li
As the rapid growing of a wide variety of research and development activities on nanotechnology, ultra-high precision nanopositioners are greatly required for nano scale manipulation. In this paper, the design issues of a compliant parallel micromanipulator (CPM) for nanomanipulation is presented from the mechanical design point of view. A CPM is an integration of parallel and compliant mechanisms, the design considerations of which in terms of flexure joints, actuators, materials and fabrications, even modeling methods are proposed, and as an example, a new type of CPM is designed and its applications are presented for nano scale manipulation. The design guidelines outlined in this paper will be valuable for the development of CPMs applicable to nanomanipulation
{"title":"Mechanical Design of Compliant Parallel Micromanipulators for Nano Scale Manipulation","authors":"Qingsong Xu, Yangmin Li","doi":"10.1109/NEMS.2006.334866","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NEMS.2006.334866","url":null,"abstract":"As the rapid growing of a wide variety of research and development activities on nanotechnology, ultra-high precision nanopositioners are greatly required for nano scale manipulation. In this paper, the design issues of a compliant parallel micromanipulator (CPM) for nanomanipulation is presented from the mechanical design point of view. A CPM is an integration of parallel and compliant mechanisms, the design considerations of which in terms of flexure joints, actuators, materials and fabrications, even modeling methods are proposed, and as an example, a new type of CPM is designed and its applications are presented for nano scale manipulation. The design guidelines outlined in this paper will be valuable for the development of CPMs applicable to nanomanipulation","PeriodicalId":6362,"journal":{"name":"2006 1st IEEE International Conference on Nano/Micro Engineered and Molecular Systems","volume":"1 1","pages":"653-657"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81049586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-01-01DOI: 10.1109/NEMS.2006.334771
I. Yi, Ju-Ho Kim, Y.J. Choi, C. Kang, Yong-Sang Kim
An amperometric biosensor based on Prussian blue (PB) modified indium tin oxide (ITO) electrode was developed. The roughness of PB film which affects the electrocatalytic properties of PB film was controlled by varying deposition voltage and time. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to measure the roughness of PB films deposited under various conditions. We used capillary electrophoresis (CE) method to make the analytes flow through the micro channel made of polydimethylsilolxane (PDMS). Compared with sensor using bare ITO electrode, the sensor using PB modified electrode has shown better sensitivity. In addition, we could improve the detection limit of the sensor by depositing smoother PB film
{"title":"Performances of an Electrochemical Detector using Prussian blue modified Indium Tin Oxide Electrode","authors":"I. Yi, Ju-Ho Kim, Y.J. Choi, C. Kang, Yong-Sang Kim","doi":"10.1109/NEMS.2006.334771","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NEMS.2006.334771","url":null,"abstract":"An amperometric biosensor based on Prussian blue (PB) modified indium tin oxide (ITO) electrode was developed. The roughness of PB film which affects the electrocatalytic properties of PB film was controlled by varying deposition voltage and time. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to measure the roughness of PB films deposited under various conditions. We used capillary electrophoresis (CE) method to make the analytes flow through the micro channel made of polydimethylsilolxane (PDMS). Compared with sensor using bare ITO electrode, the sensor using PB modified electrode has shown better sensitivity. In addition, we could improve the detection limit of the sensor by depositing smoother PB film","PeriodicalId":6362,"journal":{"name":"2006 1st IEEE International Conference on Nano/Micro Engineered and Molecular Systems","volume":"81 1","pages":"1384-1387"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83885164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2006-01-01DOI: 10.1109/NEMS.2006.334750
Yi Wang, T. Mukherjee, Q. Lin
This paper presents a systematic modeling and design methodology for microfluidic concentration gradient generators. The generator is decomposed into a system of microfluidic elements with relatively simple geometries. Parameterized models for such elements are analytically developed and hold for general sample concentration profiles and arbitrary flow ratios at the element inlet, hence they are valid for concentration gradient generators that rely on both complete and partial mixing. The element models are then linked through an appropriate set of parameters embedded at the element interfaces to construct a lumped-parameter and systematic representation of the entire generator network. The system model is verified by numerical analysis and experimental data and accurately captures the overall effects of network topologies, element sizes, flow rates and reservoir sample concentrations on the generation of sample concentration gradient. Finally, this modeling methodology is applied to propose a novel and compact microfluidic device that is able to create concentration gradients of complex shapes by juxtaposing simple constituent profiles along the channel width
{"title":"System-Level Modeling and Design of Microfluidic Concentration Gradient Generators","authors":"Yi Wang, T. Mukherjee, Q. Lin","doi":"10.1109/NEMS.2006.334750","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NEMS.2006.334750","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a systematic modeling and design methodology for microfluidic concentration gradient generators. The generator is decomposed into a system of microfluidic elements with relatively simple geometries. Parameterized models for such elements are analytically developed and hold for general sample concentration profiles and arbitrary flow ratios at the element inlet, hence they are valid for concentration gradient generators that rely on both complete and partial mixing. The element models are then linked through an appropriate set of parameters embedded at the element interfaces to construct a lumped-parameter and systematic representation of the entire generator network. The system model is verified by numerical analysis and experimental data and accurately captures the overall effects of network topologies, element sizes, flow rates and reservoir sample concentrations on the generation of sample concentration gradient. Finally, this modeling methodology is applied to propose a novel and compact microfluidic device that is able to create concentration gradients of complex shapes by juxtaposing simple constituent profiles along the channel width","PeriodicalId":6362,"journal":{"name":"2006 1st IEEE International Conference on Nano/Micro Engineered and Molecular Systems","volume":"33 1","pages":"1368-1373"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89617576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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