Julio Ojeda, Nicholas Bruno, Karen Cover, Wencai Zhang, Karin Chumbimuni-Torres
MicroRNAs and isomiRs are promising biomarkers for the detection of diseases such as cancers, but distinguishing the highly similar microRNAs sequences between these remains challenging. We report a five-strand four-way junction (5S-4WJ) electrochemical biosensor that combines universal reporter strands with target-specific probes for modular, low-cost design.The system discriminates miR-146b from its isomiR (R+2, +2 nt at 3′ end) by tuning probe length, introducing mismatches, and controlling hybridization kinetics. This strategy yields sevenfold higher sensitivity for R+2 while maintaining specificity at 10-50 nM. Compared to existing electrochemical biosensors, which struggle or do not test targets with extra nts at either 5' nor 3' , the 5S-4WJ enables precise isomiR detection, advancing nucleic acid diagnostics.
{"title":"Selective Electrochemical Discrimination of 3’ IsomiRs Differing by Two Nucleotides","authors":"Julio Ojeda, Nicholas Bruno, Karen Cover, Wencai Zhang, Karin Chumbimuni-Torres","doi":"10.1039/d5an01292a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5an01292a","url":null,"abstract":"MicroRNAs and isomiRs are promising biomarkers for the detection of diseases such as cancers, but distinguishing the highly similar microRNAs sequences between these remains challenging. We report a five-strand four-way junction (5S-4WJ) electrochemical biosensor that combines universal reporter strands with target-specific probes for modular, low-cost design.The system discriminates miR-146b from its isomiR (R+2, +2 nt at 3′ end) by tuning probe length, introducing mismatches, and controlling hybridization kinetics. This strategy yields sevenfold higher sensitivity for R+2 while maintaining specificity at 10-50 nM. Compared to existing electrochemical biosensors, which struggle or do not test targets with extra nts at either 5' nor 3' , the 5S-4WJ enables precise isomiR detection, advancing nucleic acid diagnostics.","PeriodicalId":63,"journal":{"name":"Analyst","volume":"143 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146048798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rapid detection of bacteria in complex matrices remains challenging due to substantial interference in signal readout. This study developed a novel near-infrared (NIR) surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) sensor featuring exceptional anti-interference capability, achieved by encapsulating SERS tags with a carboxylated polystyrene shell and integrating them with a specific aptamer. The functional PS shell provides reliable physical protection and enables stable covalent bioconjugation, effectively overcoming the limitations of traditional thiol chemistry. Leveraging NIR excitation for minimal background interference, the sensor operates through a target-induced strand displacement mechanism that releases SERS tags upon bacterial binding. After magnetic separation, quantitative analysis is accomplished by directly measuring the SERS signal in the supernatant. Using Staphylococcus aureus as the model bacterium, the method demonstrated outstanding performance in diverse complex matrices including seawater, serum, milk, and traditional Chinese medicine preparations, with a detection limit of 10 CFU/mL and recoveries ranging from 89.96% to 110.6%. This work presents a robust and matrix-adaptive sensing strategy for rapid bacterial detection in complex environments.
{"title":"Anti-Interference Near-Infrared SERS Tag-Aptamer Sensor for Rapid Detection of Staphylococcus aureus in Complex Matrices","authors":"Rui Zhao, Qishuo Wang, Yunqing Wang, Rongchao Mei, Xiaoyan Wang, Lingxin Chen","doi":"10.1039/d5an01324k","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5an01324k","url":null,"abstract":"Rapid detection of bacteria in complex matrices remains challenging due to substantial interference in signal readout. This study developed a novel near-infrared (NIR) surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) sensor featuring exceptional anti-interference capability, achieved by encapsulating SERS tags with a carboxylated polystyrene shell and integrating them with a specific aptamer. The functional PS shell provides reliable physical protection and enables stable covalent bioconjugation, effectively overcoming the limitations of traditional thiol chemistry. Leveraging NIR excitation for minimal background interference, the sensor operates through a target-induced strand displacement mechanism that releases SERS tags upon bacterial binding. After magnetic separation, quantitative analysis is accomplished by directly measuring the SERS signal in the supernatant. Using Staphylococcus aureus as the model bacterium, the method demonstrated outstanding performance in diverse complex matrices including seawater, serum, milk, and traditional Chinese medicine preparations, with a detection limit of 10 CFU/mL and recoveries ranging from 89.96% to 110.6%. This work presents a robust and matrix-adaptive sensing strategy for rapid bacterial detection in complex environments.","PeriodicalId":63,"journal":{"name":"Analyst","volume":"179 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146044795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fingerprint testing is routine for personal identification, but damaged prints, such as those exposed to heat in fire cases, are difficult to visualize. Currently, there is no method available to visualize severely heat-damaged fingerprints. We developed a visualization technique using synchrotron radiation (SR) soft-X-ray photoemission electron microscopy (PEEM). Fingerprints on silicon, stainless steel, aluminum, brass, and glass were heated at 400 °C for an hour and then examined. Ridge patterns could not be seen by optical microscopy, laser microscopy, or scanning electron microscopy, except on silicon. Even then, SR PEEM revealed ridge patterns by detecting sodium particles (∼1 μm) clustered into 10 μm spots. Multiple images were combined to successfully produce a clear 5 mm-wide ridge pattern. For the glass substrate, prior titanium vapor deposition prevented electric discharge, resulting in a clear ridge pattern observation by SR PEEM. Unlike conventional methods, SR soft-X-ray PEEM detects sodium sensitively and specifically, producing clear ridge patterns in heat-damaged fingerprints, which is promising for advanced criminal fingerprint testing.
{"title":"Visualization of heated latent fingerprints by synchrotron radiation soft X-ray photoemission electron microscopy.","authors":"Satoru Hamamoto,Masahisa Takatsu,Hiroyuki Fujiwara,Hideya Okada,Takuo Ohkochi,Shimpei Watanabe,Masaki Oura,Yasuo Seto","doi":"10.1039/d5an01158b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5an01158b","url":null,"abstract":"Fingerprint testing is routine for personal identification, but damaged prints, such as those exposed to heat in fire cases, are difficult to visualize. Currently, there is no method available to visualize severely heat-damaged fingerprints. We developed a visualization technique using synchrotron radiation (SR) soft-X-ray photoemission electron microscopy (PEEM). Fingerprints on silicon, stainless steel, aluminum, brass, and glass were heated at 400 °C for an hour and then examined. Ridge patterns could not be seen by optical microscopy, laser microscopy, or scanning electron microscopy, except on silicon. Even then, SR PEEM revealed ridge patterns by detecting sodium particles (∼1 μm) clustered into 10 μm spots. Multiple images were combined to successfully produce a clear 5 mm-wide ridge pattern. For the glass substrate, prior titanium vapor deposition prevented electric discharge, resulting in a clear ridge pattern observation by SR PEEM. Unlike conventional methods, SR soft-X-ray PEEM detects sodium sensitively and specifically, producing clear ridge patterns in heat-damaged fingerprints, which is promising for advanced criminal fingerprint testing.","PeriodicalId":63,"journal":{"name":"Analyst","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146021645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wearable electrochemical sensors have aroused tremendous attention due to their great potential for in situ and continuous assessment for glucose monitoring. The conventional fingerstick test is the easiest and most efficient method for glucose evaluation, but it is invasive and painful. Here we introduce a wearable and user-friendly microneedle-based electrochemical sensor, fabricated via resin 3D printing with an affordable desktop 3D printer and featuring a single-atom nanozyme-modified electrode, offering high sensitivity and superior selectivity for glucose monitoring. This minimally invasive electrochemical sensor demonstrates the capability to extract artificial interstitial fluid using hollow microneedles and a finger-activated pump, enabling continuous monitoring of dynamic glucose concentration changes. This electrochemical sensor exhibits remarkable sensitivity and selectivity, with a linear range of 0.1 μM to 50 mM and a limit of detection of 0.285 μM, attributed to the incorporation of single-atom nanozymes with peroxidase-like enzymatic activity. The glucose concentration data are wirelessly transmitted to a smartphone application in real time, offering user-friendly access and facilitating remote monitoring. The described electrochemical sensor presents the possibilities for point-of-care health monitoring applications.
{"title":"3D-printed hollow microneedle-based electrochemical sensor for wireless glucose monitoring.","authors":"Chuchu Chen,Yonghao Fu,Yuehe Lin,Yun Liu,Dan Du,Kaiyan Qiu","doi":"10.1039/d5an01058f","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5an01058f","url":null,"abstract":"Wearable electrochemical sensors have aroused tremendous attention due to their great potential for in situ and continuous assessment for glucose monitoring. The conventional fingerstick test is the easiest and most efficient method for glucose evaluation, but it is invasive and painful. Here we introduce a wearable and user-friendly microneedle-based electrochemical sensor, fabricated via resin 3D printing with an affordable desktop 3D printer and featuring a single-atom nanozyme-modified electrode, offering high sensitivity and superior selectivity for glucose monitoring. This minimally invasive electrochemical sensor demonstrates the capability to extract artificial interstitial fluid using hollow microneedles and a finger-activated pump, enabling continuous monitoring of dynamic glucose concentration changes. This electrochemical sensor exhibits remarkable sensitivity and selectivity, with a linear range of 0.1 μM to 50 mM and a limit of detection of 0.285 μM, attributed to the incorporation of single-atom nanozymes with peroxidase-like enzymatic activity. The glucose concentration data are wirelessly transmitted to a smartphone application in real time, offering user-friendly access and facilitating remote monitoring. The described electrochemical sensor presents the possibilities for point-of-care health monitoring applications.","PeriodicalId":63,"journal":{"name":"Analyst","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146034028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Subrayal M Reddy, Andrei N Stephen, Barbara V Boldrin
This study presents, for the first time, a direct quantitative comparison between the binding affinities and selectivity of antibodies and their molecularly imprinted polymer (nanoMIP) counterparts for a target protein antigen. NanoMIPs were synthesized upon protein functionalised magnetic nanoparticle (MNP) using bovine haemoglobin as target protein. This solid-phase synthesis process gave nanoMIP yields of 10 ±2 mg produced in less than 1 hr. Physical characterization of nanoMIPs by dynamic light scattering (DLS) revealed an average particle diameter of 121 ± 53 nm, consistent with nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA) results, confirming uniform particle formation and comparable concentrations to antibody preparations.Antibody and nanoMIP affinities were characterized using surface plasmon resonance (SPR) the current gold-standard technique as well as using a newly developed electrochemical method based on electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). This dual approach enables direct comparison and standardization of nanoMIPs as synthetic alternatives to conventional antibodies. NanoMIP binding affinities of 34.7 pM ± 2 pM (EIS) and 3.06 pM (SPR) were obtained, with selectivity factors of 130:1 and 1000:1 (target : non-target), respectively. In contrast, the corresponding polyclonal antibody for haemoglobin (pAb) demonstrated contrasting affinities of 51.9 pM ± 0.74 pM (EIS) and 48.7 nM (SPR) and with substantially lower selectivity ratios of 14:1 and 10:1. These results indicate that whereas the two sensor techniques are ideal for nanoMIP characterisation, further harmonisation is required for antibody binding characterisation. We demonstrate that the developed nanoMIPs not only match but can surpass traditional animal-derived antibodies in both affinity and molecular discrimination. Overall, these findings highlight nanoMIPs to be a robust and reproducible alternative to antibodies, offering superior selectivity and comparable affinity for next-generation bioanalytical and diagnostic applications.
{"title":"A Direct Comparison of Antibody and nanoMIP Affinities using Surface Plasmon Resonance and Electrochemical Techniques: A Haemoglobin Model","authors":"Subrayal M Reddy, Andrei N Stephen, Barbara V Boldrin","doi":"10.1039/d5an01205h","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5an01205h","url":null,"abstract":"This study presents, for the first time, a direct quantitative comparison between the binding affinities and selectivity of antibodies and their molecularly imprinted polymer (nanoMIP) counterparts for a target protein antigen. NanoMIPs were synthesized upon protein functionalised magnetic nanoparticle (MNP) using bovine haemoglobin as target protein. This solid-phase synthesis process gave nanoMIP yields of 10 ±2 mg produced in less than 1 hr. Physical characterization of nanoMIPs by dynamic light scattering (DLS) revealed an average particle diameter of 121 ± 53 nm, consistent with nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA) results, confirming uniform particle formation and comparable concentrations to antibody preparations.Antibody and nanoMIP affinities were characterized using surface plasmon resonance (SPR) the current gold-standard technique as well as using a newly developed electrochemical method based on electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). This dual approach enables direct comparison and standardization of nanoMIPs as synthetic alternatives to conventional antibodies. NanoMIP binding affinities of 34.7 pM ± 2 pM (EIS) and 3.06 pM (SPR) were obtained, with selectivity factors of 130:1 and 1000:1 (target : non-target), respectively. In contrast, the corresponding polyclonal antibody for haemoglobin (pAb) demonstrated contrasting affinities of 51.9 pM ± 0.74 pM (EIS) and 48.7 nM (SPR) and with substantially lower selectivity ratios of 14:1 and 10:1. These results indicate that whereas the two sensor techniques are ideal for nanoMIP characterisation, further harmonisation is required for antibody binding characterisation. We demonstrate that the developed nanoMIPs not only match but can surpass traditional animal-derived antibodies in both affinity and molecular discrimination. Overall, these findings highlight nanoMIPs to be a robust and reproducible alternative to antibodies, offering superior selectivity and comparable affinity for next-generation bioanalytical and diagnostic applications.","PeriodicalId":63,"journal":{"name":"Analyst","volume":"71 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146021972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
5-Hydroxytryptophan is a chiral non-proteinogenic amino acid that plays a key role in the metabolic and neurological balance of an organism, as it is the precursor of serotonin. Dietary 5-hydroxytryptophan supplementation based on Griffonia simplicifolia seed extracts is widely used to enhance positive emotion recognition. Since the L-form of this amino acid exhibits the desired biological activity, and legal regulations do not allow the presence of the D enantiomer in dietary supplements, their quality control requires the development of chiral methodologies. This work describes the development of a rapid electrokinetic chromatography method for the enantiomeric determination of 5-hydroxytryptophan and its application to the analysis of a dietary supplement. The developed strategy was based on the use of 1.75% (w/v) sulfated-γ-cyclodextrin in 100 mM formate buffer (pH 2.2) as a separation medium, a short-end sample injection, and an uncoated fused-silica capillary with an effective length of 8.5 cm (total length of 48.5 cm). Under the optimized conditions, the enantiomeric separation of 5-hydroxytryptophan was achieved in less than 3 min with a resolution of 4.6. The analytical characteristics of the developed methodology were evaluated, showing a good performance in terms of linearity (R > 0.985), precision (RSD <6.0% for migration times and <8.6% for peak areas), accuracy (90 ± 4%) and LOQs (0.42 and 048 mg L-1 for D and L-5-hydroxytryptophan, respectively), and it was successfully applied to the quality control of a Griffonia simplicifolia dietary supplement rich in L-5-hydroxytryptophan.
{"title":"Development of an electrokinetic chromatography method for the rapid enantiomeric determination of 5-hydroxytryptophan. Application to the analysis of dietary supplements.","authors":"Sandra Adámez-Rodríguez,María Luisa Marina,María Castro-Puyana","doi":"10.1039/d5an01100k","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5an01100k","url":null,"abstract":"5-Hydroxytryptophan is a chiral non-proteinogenic amino acid that plays a key role in the metabolic and neurological balance of an organism, as it is the precursor of serotonin. Dietary 5-hydroxytryptophan supplementation based on Griffonia simplicifolia seed extracts is widely used to enhance positive emotion recognition. Since the L-form of this amino acid exhibits the desired biological activity, and legal regulations do not allow the presence of the D enantiomer in dietary supplements, their quality control requires the development of chiral methodologies. This work describes the development of a rapid electrokinetic chromatography method for the enantiomeric determination of 5-hydroxytryptophan and its application to the analysis of a dietary supplement. The developed strategy was based on the use of 1.75% (w/v) sulfated-γ-cyclodextrin in 100 mM formate buffer (pH 2.2) as a separation medium, a short-end sample injection, and an uncoated fused-silica capillary with an effective length of 8.5 cm (total length of 48.5 cm). Under the optimized conditions, the enantiomeric separation of 5-hydroxytryptophan was achieved in less than 3 min with a resolution of 4.6. The analytical characteristics of the developed methodology were evaluated, showing a good performance in terms of linearity (R > 0.985), precision (RSD <6.0% for migration times and <8.6% for peak areas), accuracy (90 ± 4%) and LOQs (0.42 and 048 mg L-1 for D and L-5-hydroxytryptophan, respectively), and it was successfully applied to the quality control of a Griffonia simplicifolia dietary supplement rich in L-5-hydroxytryptophan.","PeriodicalId":63,"journal":{"name":"Analyst","volume":"192 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146015343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yumna Ladha,Adam Burke,Nigel Gotts,Royston Goodacre,Karina Wright,Jade Perry,Charlotte H Hulme
Synovial fluid is a clinically valuable biofluid for studying joint diseases through metabolomic analysis. However, given the viscoelastic nature of this biofluid its analysis is challenging. Indeed, the lack of standardised pre-analytical processing protocols for synovial fluid metabolomics potentially introduces significant variability that can compromise data reliability and hinder the application/interpretation of results. This study systematically assesses how common sample handling variables including sample dilution, freeze-thaw cycling, blood staining and viscosity reduction (via hyaluronidase digestion and bead beating) affect the metabolomic profile of synovial fluid. Using a combination of untargeted GC-ToF-MS and UHPLC-MS (in both electrospray ionisation modes; ESI+ and ESI-) for the profiling of both polar and non-polar metabolites, we evaluated changes in detectable metabolite numbers, small molecule class distribution and relative abundances in a collection of synovial fluid samples. Sample dilution had the most pronounced impact on metabolite read-outs, significantly reducing detectable metabolite numbers. Blood staining introduced distinct metabolites and resulted in the artificial increase in the relative abundance of three metabolites including adenine, hypoxanthine and 4-fluoro-DL-tryptophan. Bead beating enhanced the detection of a broad range of lipid species particularly in the UHPLC ESI+ analysis. Freeze-thaw cycling and hyaluronidase treatment had minimal effects on overall metabolite quantities or composition. These findings underscore the importance of optimising and standardising synovial fluid sample handling to ensure reproducibility and to enable accurate interpretation of metabolomic data for the study of disease mechanisms and biomarker discovery.
{"title":"Systematic evaluation of pre-analytical variables on synovial fluid metabolomic profiles using GC-ToF-MS and UHPLC-MS.","authors":"Yumna Ladha,Adam Burke,Nigel Gotts,Royston Goodacre,Karina Wright,Jade Perry,Charlotte H Hulme","doi":"10.1039/d5an00943j","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5an00943j","url":null,"abstract":"Synovial fluid is a clinically valuable biofluid for studying joint diseases through metabolomic analysis. However, given the viscoelastic nature of this biofluid its analysis is challenging. Indeed, the lack of standardised pre-analytical processing protocols for synovial fluid metabolomics potentially introduces significant variability that can compromise data reliability and hinder the application/interpretation of results. This study systematically assesses how common sample handling variables including sample dilution, freeze-thaw cycling, blood staining and viscosity reduction (via hyaluronidase digestion and bead beating) affect the metabolomic profile of synovial fluid. Using a combination of untargeted GC-ToF-MS and UHPLC-MS (in both electrospray ionisation modes; ESI+ and ESI-) for the profiling of both polar and non-polar metabolites, we evaluated changes in detectable metabolite numbers, small molecule class distribution and relative abundances in a collection of synovial fluid samples. Sample dilution had the most pronounced impact on metabolite read-outs, significantly reducing detectable metabolite numbers. Blood staining introduced distinct metabolites and resulted in the artificial increase in the relative abundance of three metabolites including adenine, hypoxanthine and 4-fluoro-DL-tryptophan. Bead beating enhanced the detection of a broad range of lipid species particularly in the UHPLC ESI+ analysis. Freeze-thaw cycling and hyaluronidase treatment had minimal effects on overall metabolite quantities or composition. These findings underscore the importance of optimising and standardising synovial fluid sample handling to ensure reproducibility and to enable accurate interpretation of metabolomic data for the study of disease mechanisms and biomarker discovery.","PeriodicalId":63,"journal":{"name":"Analyst","volume":"65 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146005503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mangmang Shen, Chang Ni, Jiasheng Yuan and Xin Zhou
Correction for ‘Phage-ELISA for ultrasensitive detection of Salmonella enteritidis’ by Mangmang Shen et al., Analyst, 2025, 150, 567–575, https://doi.org/10.1039/D4AN01121J.
Serum metabolomic profiling in Parkinson’s disease (PD) remains underexplored. This study characterized alterations in serum amino acid and neurotransmitter levels in PD using targeted metabolomics and identify associated dysregulated metabolic pathways. A validated ultra-high performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC–MS/MS) method was employed to quantify 23 amino acids and 3 neurotransmitters in PD patients and controls. Logistic regression models assessed the relationship between motor phenotype and metabolomic profiles. An OPLS-DA model incorporating variable importance in projection scoring was applied to identify metabolic subtypes associated with disease progression. Significant differences were observed in the levels of 18 amino acids and all 3 neurotransmitters between PD patients and controls (P < 0.001). Notably, glycine (Gly) and serine (Ser) levels were significantly reduced by 24% and 44%, respectively (both P < 0.001), while proline levels were elevated by 32% (P = 0.0004). Multivariate pathway analysis revealed three significantly perturbed metabolic pathways: arginine biosynthesis (P < 0.001), glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism (P < 0.001), and Gly, Ser, and threonine metabolism (P = 0.013). These findings indicate that PD is associated with pronounced disruptions in serum amino acid and neurotransmitter metabolism. The cross-talk between these pathways offering new insights into PD pathogenesis.
{"title":"Targeted Serum Metabolomics Reveals Alterations in Amino Acid and Neurotransmitter Pathways in Parkinson's Disease","authors":"Jiaxin Yang, Dong Wu, Zhiwei Wang, Zhijing Zhang, Xiaowen Zheng, Sheng Wang, Fen Huang, Shuai Song, Qunlin Zhang","doi":"10.1039/d5an00961h","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5an00961h","url":null,"abstract":"Serum metabolomic profiling in Parkinson’s disease (PD) remains underexplored. This study characterized alterations in serum amino acid and neurotransmitter levels in PD using targeted metabolomics and identify associated dysregulated metabolic pathways. A validated ultra-high performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC–MS/MS) method was employed to quantify 23 amino acids and 3 neurotransmitters in PD patients and controls. Logistic regression models assessed the relationship between motor phenotype and metabolomic profiles. An OPLS-DA model incorporating variable importance in projection scoring was applied to identify metabolic subtypes associated with disease progression. Significant differences were observed in the levels of 18 amino acids and all 3 neurotransmitters between PD patients and controls (P < 0.001). Notably, glycine (Gly) and serine (Ser) levels were significantly reduced by 24% and 44%, respectively (both P < 0.001), while proline levels were elevated by 32% (P = 0.0004). Multivariate pathway analysis revealed three significantly perturbed metabolic pathways: arginine biosynthesis (P < 0.001), glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism (P < 0.001), and Gly, Ser, and threonine metabolism (P = 0.013). These findings indicate that PD is associated with pronounced disruptions in serum amino acid and neurotransmitter metabolism. The cross-talk between these pathways offering new insights into PD pathogenesis.","PeriodicalId":63,"journal":{"name":"Analyst","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146005637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Paul Lagneaux, Nathan Widjaja, Bastien Lagneaux, Thi Kim Chi Nguyen, Hélène Licandro, Pascale Winckler, Yves Waché
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are widely used in food, health, and biotechnology sectors, where accurate strain level identification is critical. Conventional methods, such as 16S rRNA sequencing, PCR-based fingerprinting (RAPD, AFLP), and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry are powerful tools to identify bacteria at species level but often fail to resolve closely related strains due to limited taxonomic resolution, protocol sensitivity, or database dependence. In this study, we evaluated the capacity of Optical Photothermal Infrared (OPTIR) spectroscopy, a single-cell vibrational imaging technique, combined with supervised neural networks, to classify LAB at both species and strain levels. A total of 13 strains were analysed, including five Lactiplantibacillus plantarum, one Lactiplantibacillus pentosus, one Limosilactobacillus fermentum, three Lacticaseibacillus casei/paracasei, and three Streptococcus thermophilus, covering both intra- and inter-species diversity. Spectral data from LAB were acquired using a mIRage LS OPTIR system, preprocessed, and used to train a fully connected neural network for each level. The models achieved macro F1-scores of 97% for species level and 91% for strain level classification. These results demonstrate the potential of OPTIR, when integrated with machine learning, as a robust tool for high-resolution bacterial classification, with promising applications in microbiological quality control, probiotic selection, and microbial ecology.
乳酸菌（LAB）广泛应用于食品、卫生和生物技术领域，在这些领域准确的菌株水平鉴定至关重要。传统的方法，如16S rRNA测序，基于pcr的指纹图谱（RAPD， AFLP）和MALDI-TOF质谱是在物种水平上鉴定细菌的有力工具，但由于有限的分类学分辨率，协议敏感性或数据库依赖性，往往无法解决密切相关的菌株。在这项研究中，我们评估了光学光热红外（OPTIR）光谱（单细胞振动成像技术）结合监督神经网络在物种和应变水平上对LAB进行分类的能力。共分析了植物乳杆菌5株、戊乳杆菌1株、发酵乳酸杆菌1株、干酪乳杆菌/副干酪乳杆菌3株、嗜热链球菌3株，涵盖了种内和种间多样性。使用mIRage LS OPTIR系统获取LAB的光谱数据，进行预处理，并用于训练每个层的全连接神经网络。模型在物种水平和品系水平上的宏观f1得分分别为97%和91%。这些结果表明，当与机器学习相结合时，OPTIR作为高分辨率细菌分类的强大工具，在微生物质量控制、益生菌选择和微生物生态学方面具有广阔的应用前景。
{"title":"Optical Photothermal Infrared (OPTIR) spectroscopy assisted by machine learning for lactic acid bacteria identification at strain level","authors":"Paul Lagneaux, Nathan Widjaja, Bastien Lagneaux, Thi Kim Chi Nguyen, Hélène Licandro, Pascale Winckler, Yves Waché","doi":"10.1039/d5an01093d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1039/d5an01093d","url":null,"abstract":"Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are widely used in food, health, and biotechnology sectors, where accurate strain level identification is critical. Conventional methods, such as 16S rRNA sequencing, PCR-based fingerprinting (RAPD, AFLP), and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry are powerful tools to identify bacteria at species level but often fail to resolve closely related strains due to limited taxonomic resolution, protocol sensitivity, or database dependence. In this study, we evaluated the capacity of Optical Photothermal Infrared (OPTIR) spectroscopy, a single-cell vibrational imaging technique, combined with supervised neural networks, to classify LAB at both species and strain levels. A total of 13 strains were analysed, including five Lactiplantibacillus plantarum, one Lactiplantibacillus pentosus, one Limosilactobacillus fermentum, three Lacticaseibacillus casei/paracasei, and three Streptococcus thermophilus, covering both intra- and inter-species diversity. Spectral data from LAB were acquired using a mIRage LS OPTIR system, preprocessed, and used to train a fully connected neural network for each level. The models achieved macro F1-scores of 97% for species level and 91% for strain level classification. These results demonstrate the potential of OPTIR, when integrated with machine learning, as a robust tool for high-resolution bacterial classification, with promising applications in microbiological quality control, probiotic selection, and microbial ecology.","PeriodicalId":63,"journal":{"name":"Analyst","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146001442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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