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2020 20th International Conference on Control, Automation and Systems (ICCAS)最新文献

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Velocity Control of Servo Systems Under Control Input Saturation and Disturbance Using Robust Discrete-Time Sliding Mode Control Method 鲁棒离散滑模控制方法在控制输入饱和和干扰下的伺服系统速度控制
Pub Date : 2020-10-13 DOI: 10.23919/ICCAS50221.2020.9268294
Ji-Seok Han, Tae-Ho Oh, Young-Seok Kim, Hyun-Taek Lim, Dae-Young Yang, Sang-Hoon Lee, D. Cho
This paper designed a new robust velocity control method for industrial servo systems. Exogenous disturbances and control input saturation are considered by using the discrete-time Sliding mode control with Decoupled disturbance compensator and Auxiliary state (SDA) method. The discrete-time SDA method preserves the original stability of the sliding mode dynamics as well as the stability of the disturbance estimation error dynamics under both control input saturation and disturbance. Due to these attributes, the discrete-time SDA method has been utilized in various control applications. In this paper, the discrete-time SDA method is newly designed for velocity control applications. Based on the error dynamics of the discrete-time SDA method, the gain of the auxiliary state is set to "1". This design provides the stability of velocity error, and there is nearly zero overshoot under control input saturation. Experiments are performed to demonstrate the performance of the designed control method.
本文针对工业伺服系统设计了一种新的鲁棒速度控制方法。采用带解耦干扰补偿和辅助状态(SDA)的离散滑模控制方法,考虑了外源干扰和控制输入饱和。离散时间SDA方法在控制输入饱和和干扰下都保持了滑模动力学的原有稳定性和干扰估计误差动力学的稳定性。由于这些特性,离散时间SDA方法在各种控制应用中得到了应用。本文提出了一种新的用于速度控制的离散时间SDA方法。基于离散时间SDA方法的误差动力学,将辅助状态的增益设为“1”。该设计提供了速度误差的稳定性,并且在控制输入饱和的情况下几乎没有超调。通过实验验证了所设计控制方法的有效性。
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引用次数: 1
Text and Sign Recognition for Indoor Localization 室内定位的文本和符号识别
Pub Date : 2020-10-13 DOI: 10.23919/ICCAS50221.2020.9268328
Arpan Ghosh, Jeongwon Pyo, Tae-Yong Kuc
In this paper, we propose a modular approach to estimate the position and rotation of any mobile robot more precisely in an indoor environment using text and sign recognition. The modular approach for the text and sign recognition is performed in a twofold method in figure 1. First is the detection of the region with texts and various signs in the image which is done by an object detection system. The second part is the character recognition, where the detected textual region from the image will be passed onto an optical character recognition engine(OCR) engine to be recognized. This modular approach can be modified at any point based on any mobile robot in an indoor environment with texts and signs to help localize its position and rotation.
在本文中,我们提出了一个模块化的方法来估计任何移动机器人的位置和旋转更精确地在室内环境中使用文本和符号识别。文本和符号识别的模块化方法在图1中以双重方法执行。首先是对图像中含有文本和各种符号的区域进行检测,这是由目标检测系统完成的。第二部分是字符识别,从图像中检测到的文本区域将被传递到光学字符识别引擎(OCR)进行识别。这种模块化方法可以根据室内环境中的任何移动机器人在任何时候进行修改,并带有文本和标志,以帮助定位其位置和旋转。
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引用次数: 0
Electrical impedance myography (EIM) For multi-class prosthetic robot hand control 电阻抗肌图(EIM)用于多类假肢机器人手部控制
Pub Date : 2020-10-13 DOI: 10.23919/ICCAS50221.2020.9268295
Younggeol Cho, Pyungkang Kim, Kyung-Soo Kim
For a several decades, myoelectric control of robotic prosthesis has used electromyograpy (EMG) as its control input to infer human intention. In this paper, we propose to use impedance change of musculoskeletal system to estimate kinematics change of human hand in prosthesis control based on its several features superior to the EMG as follows: clearer signal with much less noise so is less delay caused by filtering and little change of the signal at stationary state of hand motion. We investigated these features of electrical impedance myography (EIM) through several experiments. The result shows it is only minute change of signal occurs at the stationary pose. Although it is sensitive to the motion of other parts (e.g. elbow), it is surely a promising signal for the control of robotic prosthetic hand.
几十年来,机器人假肢的肌电控制一直使用肌电图作为控制输入来推断人的意图。在本文中,我们提出利用肌肉骨骼系统的阻抗变化来估计假肢控制中人手的运动学变化,这是基于肌电图优于肌电图的几个特点:信号更清晰,噪声更小,滤波产生的延迟更小,手部运动静止时信号变化很小。我们通过几个实验研究了电阻抗肌图(EIM)的这些特征。结果表明,在静止姿态下,信号仅发生微小变化。虽然它对其他部位(如肘部)的运动很敏感,但它肯定是一个很有前途的机器人假手控制信号。
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引用次数: 1
Determining Potential Obstacles in Unobservable Areas Based on Current and Past Perception 根据当前和过去的感知,确定不可观察区域的潜在障碍
Pub Date : 2020-10-13 DOI: 10.23919/ICCAS50221.2020.9268303
Julia Baumgärtner, Henrik Bey, Dennis Fassbender, J. Thielecke
Automated vehicles perceive only a small part of their environment. Especially unobservable vehicles pose a significant risk. To achieve safe but also comfortable behavior, potential, unobservable vehicles must be considered in behavior planning. Conventional methods use solely the current observation of the environment to determine potential obstacles. Past observations are rarely considered, although these may contain helpful information to rule out potential obstacle positions. This paper presents a novel algorithm that uses past observations besides the current observation to determine possible obstacle states. By means of a particle filter, we iteratively predict and filter feasible states of a potential obstacle. This results in a probability distribution for the position and velocity of an unobservable obstacle. We furthermore present a concept for the interface between our method and a basic behavior planning algorithm. The real-time capable method is tested on both simulated and real-world data. By comparing the algorithm to a baseline algorithm which uses only the current observation, we show that our algorithm prevents overly cautious assumptions about a potential obstacle’s state in certain situations. As a result, a more comfortable driving behavior can be achieved.
自动驾驶汽车只能感知周围环境的一小部分。尤其是不易察觉的车辆会带来重大风险。为了实现安全又舒适的行为,在行为规划中必须考虑潜在的、不可观察的车辆。传统方法仅使用当前对环境的观察来确定潜在的障碍。过去的观察很少被考虑,尽管这些可能包含有用的信息,以排除潜在的障碍位置。本文提出了一种新的算法,除了当前的观测外,还利用过去的观测来确定可能的障碍状态。采用粒子滤波方法,对潜在障碍物的可行状态进行迭代预测和滤波。这就得到了一个不可观察障碍物的位置和速度的概率分布。我们进一步提出了我们的方法与基本行为规划算法之间的接口概念。在仿真数据和实际数据上对该方法进行了实时性测试。通过将该算法与仅使用当前观测值的基线算法进行比较,我们表明,我们的算法可以防止在某些情况下对潜在障碍状态进行过于谨慎的假设。因此,可以实现更舒适的驾驶行为。
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引用次数: 1
IMM EKF based Sensor Fusion for Vehicle Positioning Under Various Road Surface Conditions 基于IMM EKF的传感器融合在不同路面条件下的车辆定位
Pub Date : 2020-10-13 DOI: 10.23919/ICCAS50221.2020.9268405
Hyeong Heo, Dae Jung Kim, C. Chung
In this paper, we propose an estimation of the accurate vehicle position using Interacting Multiple Model Extended Kalman Filter (IMM EKF) when road surface varies. Since the vehicle has different cornering stiffness as the road surface varies, it is difficult to accurately estimate the position of the vehicle. To resolve this problem, we present the IMM EKF considering each model of different roads to improve the estimation performance. From the numerical simulation using MATLAB/CARSIM, we observed that the performance of the proposed algorithm improves vehicle positioning performance.
本文提出了一种基于交互多模型扩展卡尔曼滤波(IMM EKF)的路面变化情况下车辆精确位置估计方法。由于车辆的转弯刚度随路面的变化而变化,难以准确估计车辆的位置。为了解决这一问题,我们提出了考虑不同道路模型的IMM EKF,以提高估计性能。通过MATLAB/CARSIM的数值模拟,我们观察到该算法的性能提高了车辆定位性能。
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引用次数: 2
Identification of normal and abnormal from ultrasound images of power devices using VGG16 利用VGG16从功率器件超声图像中识别正常与异常
Pub Date : 2020-10-13 DOI: 10.23919/ICCAS50221.2020.9268275
Toui Ogawa, Humin Lu, A. Watanabe, I. Omura, Tohru Kamiya
Power devices are semiconductor devices that handle high voltages and large currents, which are used in electric vehicles, televisions, and trains. Therefore, high reliability and safety are required, and to ensure this, power cycle tests are performed to analyze the breakdown process. Conventional tests are often difficult to analyze due to the influence of sparks generated during the test. Therefore, new tests are being developed by adding ultrasound to conventional methods. The new technology is capable of continuously recording structural changes inside the device during testing, which is expected to make testing much easier than conventional testing. However, the new technology still has some challenges. The main problems are the lack of a method for analyzing large amounts of image data and the extraction of small changes in image features that are difficult to distinguish with the human eye, and the establishment of such a system is required. In this paper, we use deep learning for image classification of the obtained ultrasound images. We propose a new network model with the addition of Batch normalization and Global average pooling to VGG16, which is a pre-trained model. In the experiment, accuracy=98.29%, TPR=98.96% and FPR=7.43% classification accuracy was obtained.
功率器件是处理高电压和大电流的半导体器件,用于电动汽车、电视和火车。因此,需要高可靠性和安全性,为了确保这一点,进行了功率循环试验来分析击穿过程。由于在测试过程中产生的火花的影响,常规测试通常难以分析。因此,人们正在开发新的测试方法,将超声波添加到传统方法中。这项新技术能够在测试过程中连续记录设备内部的结构变化,这有望使测试比传统测试容易得多。然而,这项新技术仍然面临着一些挑战。主要问题是缺乏一种分析大量图像数据的方法,以及提取人眼难以分辨的图像特征的微小变化,需要建立这样的系统。在本文中,我们使用深度学习对获得的超声图像进行图像分类。我们提出了一个新的网络模型,在VGG16上加入了批归一化和全局平均池化,这是一个预训练模型。实验得到准确率为98.29%,TPR为98.96%,FPR为7.43%的分类准确率。
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引用次数: 2
What Do Pedestrians See?: Visualizing Pedestrian-View Intersection Classification 行人看到了什么?:可视化行人视图交叉口分类
Pub Date : 2020-10-13 DOI: 10.23919/ICCAS50221.2020.9268219
M. Astrid, M. Zaheer, Jin-ha Lee, Jae-Yeong Lee, Seung-Ik Lee
Extensive research has been carried out on intersection classification to assist the navigation in autonomous maneuvering of aerial, road, and cave mining vehicles. In contrast, our work tackles intersection classification at pedestrian-view level to support navigation of the slower and smaller robots for which it is too dangerous to steer on a normal road along with the usual vehicles. Particularly, we focus on investigating the kind of features a network may exploit in order to classify intersection at pedestrian-view. To this end, two sets of experiments have been conducted using an ImageNet-pretrained ResNet-18 architecture fine-tuned on our image-level pedestrian-view intersection classification dataset. First, ablation study is performed on layer depth to evaluate the importance of high-level feature, which demonstrated superiority in using all of the layers by yielding 77.56% accuracy. Second, to further clarify the need of such high level features, Class Activation Map (CAM) is applied to visualize the parts of an image that affect the most on a given prediction. The visualization justifies the high accuracy of an all-layers network.
为了辅助空中、道路和洞穴采矿车辆的自主机动导航,对交叉口分类进行了广泛的研究。相比之下,我们的工作是在行人视角层面处理十字路口分类,以支持速度较慢、体积较小的机器人导航,因为在普通道路上与普通车辆一起行驶太危险了。特别是,我们重点研究了网络可以利用的特征类型,以便在行人视图下对十字路口进行分类。为此,使用imagenet预训练的ResNet-18架构在我们的图像级行人视图交叉路口分类数据集上进行了两组实验。首先,对层深进行了消融研究,以评估高层特征的重要性,该方法在使用所有层时都具有优势,准确率达到77.56%。其次,为了进一步阐明对这种高级特征的需求,应用类激活图(Class Activation Map, CAM)来可视化图像中对给定预测影响最大的部分。可视化证明了全层网络的高精度。
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引用次数: 0
Reinforcement learning based flight controller capable of controlling a quadcopter with four, three and two working motors 基于强化学习的飞行控制器,能够控制具有四个,三个和两个工作电机的四轴飞行器
Pub Date : 2020-10-13 DOI: 10.23919/ICCAS50221.2020.9268270
Amir Ramezani Dooraki, D. Lee
In this research, we show how a reinforcement learning based algorithm called Fault-Tolerant Bio-inspired Flight Controller (FT-BFC) is capable of training a single neural network based model to fly a quadcopter with two, three, and four working rotors. Our algorithm can learn a low-level flight controller that directly controls angular velocities of motors to fly a quadcopter when it has four fully functional motors, and also, despite having one or two motor failures (That is, our proposed flight controller is a fault-tolerant controller as well). In the training and running of our controller, we do not use any conventional flight controller, such as a PID or SMC controller. We test our algorithm in a simulation environment, Gazebo simulator, and illustrate our simulation results that backing up our algorithm capabilities. Finally, before concluding our paper, we discuss the implementation of our algorithm in a real quadcopter.
在这项研究中,我们展示了一种基于强化学习的算法,称为容错生物启发飞行控制器(FT-BFC),它能够训练一个基于神经网络的模型来驾驶具有两个、三个和四个工作旋翼的四轴飞行器。我们的算法可以学习一个低级飞行控制器,当四轴飞行器有四个功能齐全的电机时,它可以直接控制电机的角速度,尽管有一个或两个电机故障(也就是说,我们提出的飞行控制器也是一个容错控制器)。在我们的控制器的训练和运行中,我们不使用任何传统的飞行控制器,如PID或SMC控制器。我们在仿真环境Gazebo模拟器中测试了我们的算法,并说明了支持我们算法功能的仿真结果。最后,在结束本文之前,我们讨论了我们的算法在实际四轴飞行器中的实现。
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引用次数: 3
State Estimation for Polysolenoid Linear Motor based on an Adaptive Unscented Kalman Filter with Unknown Load and Measurement Noises 基于未知负载和测量噪声自适应无气味卡尔曼滤波的多螺线管直线电机状态估计
Pub Date : 2020-10-13 DOI: 10.23919/ICCAS50221.2020.9268243
Hoang Anh Tran, Hoang Viet Do, J. Song
The linear motor has been widely applied in industry to provide directly straight motion. The Polysolenoid Linear Motor (PLM), as its name, is one type of the synchronous linear machine. Toward the control problem of the PLM, state observation plays a crucial role due to the lack of measurement. In this paper, an Adaptive Unscented Kalman Filter (AUKF), which can provide reliable information of system state including applied current as well as position and velocity, is proposed. Furthermore, our observer can deal with the uncertainty load force and unknown unbias measurement noises adaptively, which contributes to robust and effective control of PLM with uncertain load condition. A scenario will be made to test the robutness of the algorithm under the value variation of measurement noise covariance. The performance of the system is verified by simulation in an illustrative example.
直线电机在工业上得到了广泛的应用,提供直接的直线运动。多螺线管直线电机(PLM),顾名思义,是同步直线电机的一种。对于PLM的控制问题,由于缺乏测量,状态观测起着至关重要的作用。本文提出了一种自适应无气味卡尔曼滤波器(AUKF),它能提供可靠的系统状态信息,包括外加电流以及位置和速度。此外,该观测器能够自适应处理不确定负载力和未知无偏测量噪声,实现了不确定负载条件下PLM的鲁棒有效控制。通过一个场景来检验算法在测量噪声协方差值变化下的鲁棒性。通过实例仿真验证了系统的性能。
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引用次数: 1
An Appearance and Viewpoint Invariant Visual Place Recognition for Seasonal Changes 季节变化的外观和视点不变视觉位置识别
Pub Date : 2020-10-13 DOI: 10.23919/ICCAS50221.2020.9268397
Saba Arshad, Gon-Woo Kim
Place recognition has typically been addressed as a problem of recognizing the location of a given query image as a previously visited place while comparing it with the geotagged database images. Despite a lot of research in this area, vision-based place recognition is still an open challenge because of the changing environmental conditions which cause drastic appearance changes, making it difficult for a robot to recognize the place. This research addresses the above-mentioned problem and proposes the solution for place recognition at a low memory footprint. The proposed place recognition system focuses on identifying the combination of different feature detectors and descriptors that are invariant to the viewpoint and seasonal changes and can efficiently recognize a place at high accuracy. Through experimental results, it is shown that combination of CenSure based STAR detector and BRISK achieves high detection accuracy.
地点识别通常是将给定查询图像的位置识别为以前访问过的位置,并将其与地理标记的数据库图像进行比较的问题。尽管在这一领域进行了大量的研究,但基于视觉的位置识别仍然是一个开放的挑战,因为不断变化的环境条件会导致剧烈的外观变化,使机器人难以识别位置。本研究针对上述问题,提出了低内存占用下的位置识别解决方案。本文提出的地点识别系统重点是识别不同特征检测器和描述符的组合,这些特征检测器和描述符对视点和季节变化不影响,能够高效、高精度地识别地点。实验结果表明,基于CenSure的STAR检测器与BRISK相结合可以达到较高的检测精度。
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引用次数: 1
期刊
2020 20th International Conference on Control, Automation and Systems (ICCAS)
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