Pub Date : 2020-11-01DOI: 10.1109/VPPC49601.2020.9330967
Brishith Falcon-Mendoza, V. Herrera-Perez, J. A. López-Ibarra, H. Gaztañaga, Haritza Camblong-Ruiz
In this article, a new fuzzy-based predictive control strategy for intelligent power management of a serial hybrid electric bus with a hybrid storage system that combines batteries and supercapacitors is proposed. The main contributions in this document are a fuzzy definition based predictive control for vehicle power management, along with a multi-objective optimization approach to define the size and operation of the ESS. To obtain the best performance in the genset, a methodology is proposed to optimize the operation point selection based on a speed-torque search in the electric generator and combustion engine maps. Based on simulation results, a reduction of 18.5% of the total cost was compared to a traditional rule-based control.
{"title":"Fuzzy Based Predictive Control for Optimal Energy Management in Hybrid Urban Buses","authors":"Brishith Falcon-Mendoza, V. Herrera-Perez, J. A. López-Ibarra, H. Gaztañaga, Haritza Camblong-Ruiz","doi":"10.1109/VPPC49601.2020.9330967","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VPPC49601.2020.9330967","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, a new fuzzy-based predictive control strategy for intelligent power management of a serial hybrid electric bus with a hybrid storage system that combines batteries and supercapacitors is proposed. The main contributions in this document are a fuzzy definition based predictive control for vehicle power management, along with a multi-objective optimization approach to define the size and operation of the ESS. To obtain the best performance in the genset, a methodology is proposed to optimize the operation point selection based on a speed-torque search in the electric generator and combustion engine maps. Based on simulation results, a reduction of 18.5% of the total cost was compared to a traditional rule-based control.","PeriodicalId":6851,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference (VPPC)","volume":"7 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82053685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-01DOI: 10.1109/VPPC49601.2020.9330822
Hanqing Wang, S. Morando, A. Gaillard, D. Hissel
This paper is on the subject of identification of essential sensors for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) system in Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle (FCEV) application. Sensors are classified as physical sensors and gas sensors. Physical sensors are used to detect pressure, temperature, mass flow rate and relative humidity of the fuel cell. Gas sensors consist of the hydrogen leakage detector and the environment sensor system. The environment sensor system detects gas contaminations, e.g., carbon dioxide in the air. Depending on the sensor development review and the sensor specifications comparisons, sensors owned low cost, small volume, fast response, high resolution, excellent stability and durability are suitable for FCEV application. Some future work on fuel cell sensor-set size optimization is also suggested to facilitate the move towards commercialization.
{"title":"Identification of essential sensors for a PEMFC system in automotive applications","authors":"Hanqing Wang, S. Morando, A. Gaillard, D. Hissel","doi":"10.1109/VPPC49601.2020.9330822","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VPPC49601.2020.9330822","url":null,"abstract":"This paper is on the subject of identification of essential sensors for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) system in Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle (FCEV) application. Sensors are classified as physical sensors and gas sensors. Physical sensors are used to detect pressure, temperature, mass flow rate and relative humidity of the fuel cell. Gas sensors consist of the hydrogen leakage detector and the environment sensor system. The environment sensor system detects gas contaminations, e.g., carbon dioxide in the air. Depending on the sensor development review and the sensor specifications comparisons, sensors owned low cost, small volume, fast response, high resolution, excellent stability and durability are suitable for FCEV application. Some future work on fuel cell sensor-set size optimization is also suggested to facilitate the move towards commercialization.","PeriodicalId":6851,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference (VPPC)","volume":"131 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76564288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-01DOI: 10.1109/VPPC49601.2020.9330928
Nassim Noura, Killian Cos, L. Boulon, S. Jemei
Lithium ion batteries are the key component in electric vehicles and hybrid electric vehicles. Monitoring adequately this component can be very challenging due to its nonlinear electrochemical behavior. Several factors, such as the temperature and the aging, impact the battery’s performances and its models’ parameters. In order to make a good use of this component and to ensure its safety it is necessary to keep track of its models’ parameters in real time. This paper provides an accurate online identification process to estimate the battery internal resistance under extreme temperatures. This online identification process is validated through experimental testing.
{"title":"Online Identification of Battery Internal Resistance under extreme Temperatures","authors":"Nassim Noura, Killian Cos, L. Boulon, S. Jemei","doi":"10.1109/VPPC49601.2020.9330928","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VPPC49601.2020.9330928","url":null,"abstract":"Lithium ion batteries are the key component in electric vehicles and hybrid electric vehicles. Monitoring adequately this component can be very challenging due to its nonlinear electrochemical behavior. Several factors, such as the temperature and the aging, impact the battery’s performances and its models’ parameters. In order to make a good use of this component and to ensure its safety it is necessary to keep track of its models’ parameters in real time. This paper provides an accurate online identification process to estimate the battery internal resistance under extreme temperatures. This online identification process is validated through experimental testing.","PeriodicalId":6851,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference (VPPC)","volume":"4 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87807151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-01DOI: 10.1109/VPPC49601.2020.9330895
Henri Josephson Raherimihaja, Guoqiang Xu, Qianfan Zhang
Looking back in the past decade, an intensive research program on the development of the integrated battery charger for electric vehicles (EVs) is being carried out. The battery charger is made with the already existing component inside the EVs such as electrical machine (three-phase or multiphase, PMSM or IM), inverter and DC-DC converter, when the traction mode is not engaged. The integrated battery charger can be a slow charger for those connected to a single-phase grid and a fast charger for those connected to a three-phase source. This paper provides a review of fast three-phase integrated battery charger and presents the novel charger options that could bring significant advantage on the development of EVs. Moreover, a comparison between the novel options and the proposed chargers in the references are offered in this paper.
{"title":"Review and Novel Options of Three-Phase Integrated Battery Chargers for EVs","authors":"Henri Josephson Raherimihaja, Guoqiang Xu, Qianfan Zhang","doi":"10.1109/VPPC49601.2020.9330895","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VPPC49601.2020.9330895","url":null,"abstract":"Looking back in the past decade, an intensive research program on the development of the integrated battery charger for electric vehicles (EVs) is being carried out. The battery charger is made with the already existing component inside the EVs such as electrical machine (three-phase or multiphase, PMSM or IM), inverter and DC-DC converter, when the traction mode is not engaged. The integrated battery charger can be a slow charger for those connected to a single-phase grid and a fast charger for those connected to a three-phase source. This paper provides a review of fast three-phase integrated battery charger and presents the novel charger options that could bring significant advantage on the development of EVs. Moreover, a comparison between the novel options and the proposed chargers in the references are offered in this paper.","PeriodicalId":6851,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference (VPPC)","volume":"2 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88100392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-01DOI: 10.1109/VPPC49601.2020.9330912
F. Garnacho, J. Rovira, A. Khamlichi, P. Simon, T. García, D. Istrate
The aim of this paper is to describe a new reference set-up developed for laboratory and on-board calibrations of the Energy Measuring Systems (EMS) installed in locomotives for AC supplies, which includes voltage and current transducers and power and energy measurements. The generation system is able to generate AC phantom power in distorted regimes with a frequency content from the fundamental frequency (16.7 or 50 Hz) up to 5 kHz (harmonics, inter-harmonics and sub-harmonics) up to 25 kV and up to 500 A. The reference systems shall be able to calibrate commercial EMS designed for 15 kV-16.7 Hz and 25 kV-50 Hz standard AC railway supplies [1] –[3].
{"title":"Calibration set-up for energy measuring systems installed in AC railway systems","authors":"F. Garnacho, J. Rovira, A. Khamlichi, P. Simon, T. García, D. Istrate","doi":"10.1109/VPPC49601.2020.9330912","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VPPC49601.2020.9330912","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this paper is to describe a new reference set-up developed for laboratory and on-board calibrations of the Energy Measuring Systems (EMS) installed in locomotives for AC supplies, which includes voltage and current transducers and power and energy measurements. The generation system is able to generate AC phantom power in distorted regimes with a frequency content from the fundamental frequency (16.7 or 50 Hz) up to 5 kHz (harmonics, inter-harmonics and sub-harmonics) up to 25 kV and up to 500 A. The reference systems shall be able to calibrate commercial EMS designed for 15 kV-16.7 Hz and 25 kV-50 Hz standard AC railway supplies [1] –[3].","PeriodicalId":6851,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference (VPPC)","volume":"20 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79680798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-01DOI: 10.1109/VPPC49601.2020.9330876
Hao Ding, Jiuyu Du, Xiaogang Wu
The three-phase unbalance of the grid voltage causes the flictuation of DC output voltage in the electric vehicle high-power charging system, therefore, causing the grid side current distortion. In order to solve this problem, a control strategy based on T-type Neutral Point Clamped (T-NPC) bidirectional hybrid rectification circuit is proposed. In the two-phase synchronous rotating coordinate system, a double closed-loop control method is established. The current inner loop performs current decoupling, and the voltage outer loop extracts the positive and negative sequence components of the grid side voltage, and increases the negative sequence voltage feedforward control. The simulation results show that the system operates in the case of three-phase voltage imbalance, the current-side harmonic distortion rate is 2.02%, and the DC voltage fluctuation rate is about 0.17%.
{"title":"Control of T-type Three-level Bidirectional Hybrid Rectifier Circuit for Electric Vehicle High-power Charging System","authors":"Hao Ding, Jiuyu Du, Xiaogang Wu","doi":"10.1109/VPPC49601.2020.9330876","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VPPC49601.2020.9330876","url":null,"abstract":"The three-phase unbalance of the grid voltage causes the flictuation of DC output voltage in the electric vehicle high-power charging system, therefore, causing the grid side current distortion. In order to solve this problem, a control strategy based on T-type Neutral Point Clamped (T-NPC) bidirectional hybrid rectification circuit is proposed. In the two-phase synchronous rotating coordinate system, a double closed-loop control method is established. The current inner loop performs current decoupling, and the voltage outer loop extracts the positive and negative sequence components of the grid side voltage, and increases the negative sequence voltage feedforward control. The simulation results show that the system operates in the case of three-phase voltage imbalance, the current-side harmonic distortion rate is 2.02%, and the DC voltage fluctuation rate is about 0.17%.","PeriodicalId":6851,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference (VPPC)","volume":"2 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79560390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-01DOI: 10.1109/VPPC49601.2020.9330832
Marius Heydrich, Vincenzo Ricciardi, K. Augsburg, V. Ivanov
This paper introduces a control strategy for battery electric Sport Utility Vehicle (SUV) with the rear wheel drive and the decoupled braking system with electro-hydraulic actuation on the front axle and electro-mechanical actuation on the rear axle. The control architecture includes anti-lock braking system (ABS) and traction control (TC) with additional features as the brake blending for improved energy recuperation. The ABS/TC functions are based on the wheel slip controller realized with Proportional-Integral (PI) and Integral Sliding Mode (ISM) strategies, which are benchmarked in the presented study. The control structure also includes modules for estimation of road slope and vehicle mass allocation via Recursive Least Squares (RLS) algorithm.
{"title":"Robust Design of Combined Control Strategy for Electric Vehicle with In-wheel Propulsion","authors":"Marius Heydrich, Vincenzo Ricciardi, K. Augsburg, V. Ivanov","doi":"10.1109/VPPC49601.2020.9330832","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VPPC49601.2020.9330832","url":null,"abstract":"This paper introduces a control strategy for battery electric Sport Utility Vehicle (SUV) with the rear wheel drive and the decoupled braking system with electro-hydraulic actuation on the front axle and electro-mechanical actuation on the rear axle. The control architecture includes anti-lock braking system (ABS) and traction control (TC) with additional features as the brake blending for improved energy recuperation. The ABS/TC functions are based on the wheel slip controller realized with Proportional-Integral (PI) and Integral Sliding Mode (ISM) strategies, which are benchmarked in the presented study. The control structure also includes modules for estimation of road slope and vehicle mass allocation via Recursive Least Squares (RLS) algorithm.","PeriodicalId":6851,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference (VPPC)","volume":"58 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72971201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-01DOI: 10.1109/VPPC49601.2020.9330893
M. Prieto, P. Villegas, J. Martín-Ramos, Juan A. Martínez, Juan Díaz, A. Pernía
Electric mobility will be just as meaningful and effective as the origin of the electricity these vehicles run on. Their effect on pollution and greenhouse gases reduction will not be such unless power plants are mostly based on renewable resources. Thermal power plants are a good solution to produce clean electric energy and contribute to the overall solution. In order for this to be so, it is necessary to guarantee that this type of plants operates smoothly and that the possible problems they may have can be solved. This paper deals with one of these problems: finding the plugs that may form in the pipes carrying the molten salt of the thermal energy storage system. Designing a sensor that can easily estimate the location of these plugs will contribute to reducing the number of hours a thermal power plant must be idle due to reparations.
{"title":"Estimating the location of plugs in molten-salt pipes","authors":"M. Prieto, P. Villegas, J. Martín-Ramos, Juan A. Martínez, Juan Díaz, A. Pernía","doi":"10.1109/VPPC49601.2020.9330893","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VPPC49601.2020.9330893","url":null,"abstract":"Electric mobility will be just as meaningful and effective as the origin of the electricity these vehicles run on. Their effect on pollution and greenhouse gases reduction will not be such unless power plants are mostly based on renewable resources. Thermal power plants are a good solution to produce clean electric energy and contribute to the overall solution. In order for this to be so, it is necessary to guarantee that this type of plants operates smoothly and that the possible problems they may have can be solved. This paper deals with one of these problems: finding the plugs that may form in the pipes carrying the molten salt of the thermal energy storage system. Designing a sensor that can easily estimate the location of these plugs will contribute to reducing the number of hours a thermal power plant must be idle due to reparations.","PeriodicalId":6851,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference (VPPC)","volume":"213 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72830828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-01DOI: 10.1109/VPPC49601.2020.9330929
X. Guo, Chi Li, Zedong Zheng, Yongdong Li
In order to further improve the efficiency and power density of traction power electronic transformers (PET), this paper proposes an optimized design engineering scheme that comprehensively considers geometric constraints, insulation constraints and heat dissipation constraints for the isolation medium frequency transformer, the key components of PET. The scheme uses Pareto fronts, which can obtain the compromise optimization point of the transformer’s volume and efficiency. The paper focuses on engineering correction of systematic errors introduced by the transformer engineering implementation process. The engineering correction includes geometric correction and electromagnetic correction. The static measurement result of the built prototype show that the engineering correction can significantly improve the accuracy of the model of transformer.
{"title":"Engineering concerns of optiminal realization for a medium frequency transformer in traction power electronic transformers","authors":"X. Guo, Chi Li, Zedong Zheng, Yongdong Li","doi":"10.1109/VPPC49601.2020.9330929","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VPPC49601.2020.9330929","url":null,"abstract":"In order to further improve the efficiency and power density of traction power electronic transformers (PET), this paper proposes an optimized design engineering scheme that comprehensively considers geometric constraints, insulation constraints and heat dissipation constraints for the isolation medium frequency transformer, the key components of PET. The scheme uses Pareto fronts, which can obtain the compromise optimization point of the transformer’s volume and efficiency. The paper focuses on engineering correction of systematic errors introduced by the transformer engineering implementation process. The engineering correction includes geometric correction and electromagnetic correction. The static measurement result of the built prototype show that the engineering correction can significantly improve the accuracy of the model of transformer.","PeriodicalId":6851,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference (VPPC)","volume":"22 1","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73789619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-01DOI: 10.1109/VPPC49601.2020.9330978
Jianying Liang
In this paper, the hybrid power system of hydrogen-powered tram is the research object and the parameters of hydrogen-powered tram and the relevant description of the vehicle topology of hybrid power system are introduced. Subsystems of the vehicle topology are detailed, including fuel cell, power battery, and fuel cell DC/DC and its related parameters. Based on this, the hybrid energy control strategy is designed. The simulation research is carried out on the simulation platform of fuel cell hybrid power system built under the MATLAB environment, and the operation line of the world’s first hydrogen-powered tram and vehicle measurement data is analyzed to verify the effectiveness of the vehicle energy management strategy.
{"title":"Simulation and Test Research of Hydrogen-Powered Tram","authors":"Jianying Liang","doi":"10.1109/VPPC49601.2020.9330978","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/VPPC49601.2020.9330978","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, the hybrid power system of hydrogen-powered tram is the research object and the parameters of hydrogen-powered tram and the relevant description of the vehicle topology of hybrid power system are introduced. Subsystems of the vehicle topology are detailed, including fuel cell, power battery, and fuel cell DC/DC and its related parameters. Based on this, the hybrid energy control strategy is designed. The simulation research is carried out on the simulation platform of fuel cell hybrid power system built under the MATLAB environment, and the operation line of the world’s first hydrogen-powered tram and vehicle measurement data is analyzed to verify the effectiveness of the vehicle energy management strategy.","PeriodicalId":6851,"journal":{"name":"2020 IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference (VPPC)","volume":"71 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85178198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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