Advanced Powder Technology最新文献

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Experimental study on the influence of water immersion on the combustion and explosion characteristics of coal dust clouds of different ranks 浸水对不同等级煤尘云燃烧和爆炸特性影响的实验研究

IF 4.2 2区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Advanced Powder Technology

Pub Date : 2024-11-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.apt.2024.104734

Lingfeng Wang , Zhengdong Liu , Jinglin Zhang , Zhenguo Du , Shikai Bao , Zhiyang Zhang , Chang Li , Chunmiao Yuan

In order to elucidate the effects and mechanisms of water immersion on the ignition sensitivity and explosion characteristics of coal dust with different degrees of coalification, this study selected three types of coal dust samples with different ranks. The ignition sensitivity and explosion parameters of the coal dust samples before and after water immersion were measured using Godbert-Greenwald furnaces, Hartmann tubes, and a 20-L explosion chamber. The micro mechanisms causing the variations in the combustion and explosion characteristics of different coal dust samples were analyzed through TG/DTG-DSC and FTIR techniques. The results revealed that water immersion led to a more significant increase in the ignition sensitivity of low-rank coal dust and an overall enhancement in the explosion intensity of coal dust with different ranks. Variations in the characteristic temperatures and ranges of characteristic stages among the water-immersed coal samples of different ranks resulted in distinct changes in ignition behavior and explosion intensity. Furthermore, the water immersion process primarily influenced the hydroxyl functional group content in brown coal, while its impact on higher-rank coal dust samples was primarily observed in the oxygen-containing functional group region.

为了阐明浸水对不同煤化程度煤粉着火敏感性和爆炸特性的影响和机理，本研究选择了三种不同等级的煤粉样品。利用戈伯特-格林沃尔德炉、哈特曼管和 20 升爆炸室测量了煤粉样品浸水前后的着火敏感性和爆炸参数。通过 TG/DTG-DSC 和傅立叶变换红外技术分析了导致不同煤粉样品燃烧和爆炸特性变化的微观机制。结果表明，水浸会使低等级煤粉的着火敏感性显著提高，并全面增强不同等级煤粉的爆炸强度。不同等级的水浸煤样的特征温度和特征阶段范围的变化导致了着火行为和爆炸强度的明显变化。此外，浸水过程主要影响褐煤中羟基官能团的含量，而对高等级煤粉样品的影响主要体现在含氧官能团区域。

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引用次数: 0

The flow characteristics of gas–solid two-phase flow in an inclined pipe 倾斜管道中气固两相流的流动特性

IF 4.2 2区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Advanced Powder Technology

Pub Date : 2024-11-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.apt.2024.104725

Jiao He , Wei Peng , Mengxi Liu , Xinjun Huang , Shengxian Han

An inclined pipe is an important component in the industrial FCC(fluid catalytic cracking) units that transports the catalyst between the reactor and the regenerator. However, transport failures frequently occur in the inclined pipe because of the different behaviors of gas–solid flow patterns. In this research, the flow parameters of different flow patterns, including the static pressures, pressure gradients, and particle concentrations under the different particle mass flow rates (G_s) were measured and analyzed in an inclined pipe with 150 mm I.D. The G_s and the pressure gradient ranged from 35.43 to 640.71 kg/(m²·s), and from 0 to 2,500 Pa/m, respectively. The characteristic parameters suggested that dense-phase flow, transition packed-bed flow, packed-bed flow, and stratified flow may appear sequentially along the inclined pipe from inlet to outlet, which differs from the published model. The new fluid pattern model has successfully diagnosed the particle transport fault in a 3.0 Mt/a FCC unit. This study contributes to a better comprehension of the flow patterns in inclined pipes.

斜管是工业催化裂化（流体催化裂化）装置中的重要部件，用于在反应器和再生器之间输送催化剂。然而，由于气固流动模式的不同，斜管经常出现输送故障。本研究测量并分析了内径为 150 毫米的倾斜管道中不同流型的流动参数，包括不同颗粒质量流量（Gs）下的静压、压力梯度和颗粒浓度。Gs 和压力梯度的范围分别为 35.43 至 640.71 kg/（m2-s）和 0 至 2,500 Pa/m。这些特征参数表明，密相流、过渡填料层流、填料层流和分层流可能沿着斜管从入口到出口依次出现，这与已发表的模型有所不同。新的流体模式模型成功诊断了 300 万吨/年催化裂化装置中的颗粒输送故障。这项研究有助于更好地理解倾斜管道中的流动模式。

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引用次数: 0

Regulation of synthesis pH value and post-treatment of ZSM-5 for improving adsorption and photocatalytic properties of TiO2/ZSM-5 composites 调节合成 pH 值和 ZSM-5 后处理以改善 TiO2/ZSM-5 复合物的吸附和光催化性能

IF 4.2 2区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Advanced Powder Technology

Pub Date : 2024-11-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.apt.2024.104730

Cheng Wang, Fuling Du, Lipeng Wang, Qianru Yu, Xinchao Liang, Siqi Liu, Zhe Lei

TiO₂/ZSM-5 composites with enhanced adsorption and photocatalytic properties were synthesized via regulation of synthesis pH value and post (acid/alkali) treatment of ZSM-5. The influences of synthesis pH values and post-treatment of ZSM-5 on microstructure, adsorption and photocatalytic properties of the composites were investigated. The methyl orange was used to assess the adsorption and photocatalytic properties of the samples. The results showed that the synthesis pH values and acid/alkali treatment had significant influences on the microstructure, adsorption and photocatalytic properties of TiO₂/ZSM-5 composites. The composites synthesized at pH 7 had a relatively higher TiO₂ content, smaller anatase crystallite size, greater specific surface area, the most effective separation of photogenerated electron-hole pairs, the fastest interfacial charge transfer, and therefore exhibited excellent adsorption and photocatalytic properties. Acid treatment could significantly increase the specific surface area, Si/Al ratio of ZSM-5, the separation efficiency of photogenerated electron-hole pairs, and amount of produced active free radicals •O₂^– and •OH. The TiO₂/acid-treated ZSM-5 exhibited excellent photodegradation with 99.3 % methyl orange in 150 min, which is higher than that of the TiO₂/ZSM-5 and TiO₂/alkali-treated ZSM-5.

通过调节合成 pH 值和对 ZSM-5 进行后（酸/碱）处理，合成了具有增强吸附和光催化性能的 TiO2/ZSM-5 复合材料。研究了合成 pH 值和 ZSM-5 后处理对复合材料微观结构、吸附和光催化性能的影响。用甲基橙评估了样品的吸附和光催化性能。结果表明，合成 pH 值和酸碱处理对 TiO2/ZSM-5 复合材料的微观结构、吸附和光催化性能有显著影响。在 pH 值为 7 时合成的复合材料 TiO2 含量相对较高，锐钛矿晶粒尺寸较小，比表面积较大，光生电子-空穴对分离效果最好，界面电荷转移速度最快，因此具有优异的吸附和光催化性能。酸处理可显著增加 ZSM-5 的比表面积、硅/铝比、光生电子-空穴对的分离效率以及产生的活性自由基 -O2- 和 -OH 的数量。经 TiO2/酸处理的 ZSM-5 具有优异的光降解性能，在 150 分钟内甲基橙的降解率达到 99.3%，高于经 TiO2/ZSM-5 和 TiO2/ 碱处理的 ZSM-5。

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引用次数: 0

Innovative fabrication and absorption enhancement in MgO-stabilized ZrO2/graphene composites 氧化镁稳定的氧化锆/石墨烯复合材料的创新制造与吸收增强

IF 4.2 2区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Advanced Powder Technology

Pub Date : 2024-11-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.apt.2024.104731

Nan Lu , Qing Meng , Xiaogang Hou , Gaomeilin Sun , Fengshi Yin , Yong Li , Jiangtao Li

Developing radiative cooling coatings is an efficient and energy-conserving approach for thermal management in electronic devices. Spectral selectivity is crucial to daytime radiative cooling, typically achieved through complex structure or material designs. This work designs a radiative cooling coating with non-selective spectral characteristics for indoor electronic devices. The MgO-stabilized ZrO₂/graphene (MSZ/G) powders are prepared in one step through combustion synthesis. Zirconium dioxide powders are utilized as a diluent in the combustion reaction of magnesium powders and carbon dioxide gas. The combustion process can reach a maximum temperature of 1869 °C. This study examines the impact of the diluent content on phase composition, microstructure, and absorptivity. The spectral absorptivity remains nearly constant, reaching up to 0.96, within the spectrum of 2.5–25 μm. The mechanism of absorption enhancement is illustrated in detail. The ZM8A-coated heat sink exhibits a decrease in equilibrium temperature of 9.1 °C when the heat power is 8 W. This outcome validates the effectiveness of non-selective broadband high-emissivity coatings for indoor thermal management. Therefore, this work provides simple and universal guidelines for designing radiative coating of electronic equipment that is not directly irradiated by solar.

开发辐射冷却涂层是一种高效节能的电子设备热管理方法。光谱选择性是日间辐射冷却的关键，通常通过复杂的结构或材料设计来实现。这项研究为室内电子设备设计了一种具有非选择性光谱特性的辐射冷却涂层。氧化镁稳定的氧化锆/石墨烯（MSZ/G）粉末是通过燃烧合成一步制备的。二氧化锆粉末在镁粉和二氧化碳气体的燃烧反应中用作稀释剂。燃烧过程的最高温度可达 1869 ℃。本研究探讨了稀释剂含量对相组成、微观结构和吸收率的影响。在 2.5-25 μm 的光谱范围内，光谱吸收率几乎保持不变，最高可达 0.96。详细说明了吸收增强的机理。当热能功率为 8 W 时，ZM8A 涂层散热器的平衡温度降低了 9.1 °C，这一结果验证了非选择性宽带高发射率涂层在室内热管理中的有效性。因此，这项工作为设计非太阳直接照射的电子设备的辐射涂层提供了简单而通用的指南。

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引用次数: 0

The effect of intermittent mixing on the rate of drying of L-threonine in an agitated filter dryer 间歇性混合对搅拌式过滤干燥器中左旋苏氨酸干燥速率的影响

IF 4.2 2区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Advanced Powder Technology

Pub Date : 2024-11-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.apt.2024.104724

Prin Chaksmithanont , Marcella R. Alves , Johannes G. Khinast , Charles D. Papageorgiou , Christopher Mitchell , Justin L. Quon , Benjamin J. Glasser

Intermittent mixing, alternating periods of agitation and no agitation, is often applied during the drying of active pharmaceutical ingredients in agitated filter dryers. Intermittent mixing is used as a strategy to obtain reasonable drying rates without obtaining unacceptable levels of particle attrition. In this work, the impact of intermittent mixing on drying of L-threonine was investigated experimentally. Two process parameters: the agitation ratio (proportion of the total time the agitator is active) and the intermittent cycle number (number of on/off cycles), determine the intensity and distribution of agitation. Increasing the agitation ratio from a static bed, the drying rate initially increased significantly, followed by a gradual increase at higher agitation ratios. Furthermore, the drying rate initially improved with increasing intermittent cycle number, but beyond a critical value reached a plateau. Thus, we observe that additional mixing beyond a critical value provides little benefit in terms of the drying rate but can be detrimental in terms of attrition. These findings provide understanding for development of intermittent mixing protocols.

在搅拌过滤干燥器中干燥活性药物成分时，通常会采用间歇混合法，即交替进行搅拌和不搅拌。间歇混合是一种既能获得合理的干燥速率，又不会产生不可接受的颗粒损耗的策略。在这项工作中，我们通过实验研究了间歇混合对 L-苏氨酸干燥的影响。两个工艺参数：搅拌比（搅拌器工作总时间的比例）和间歇循环次数（开/关循环次数）决定了搅拌的强度和分布。在静态床面的基础上增加搅拌比，干燥率最初会显著增加，随后在更高的搅拌比下逐渐增加。此外，随着间歇循环次数的增加，干燥速率最初也有所提高，但超过临界值后就达到了一个平稳点。因此，我们观察到，超过临界值的额外搅拌对干燥率几乎没有好处，但对损耗却有害无益。这些发现为制定间歇式混合方案提供了依据。

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引用次数: 0

Insights into the post-combustion CO2 capture performance of zinc-based zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF8)-derived nanocomposites 锌基沸石咪唑盐酸盐框架 (ZIF8) 衍生纳米复合材料燃烧后二氧化碳捕获性能的深入研究

IF 4.2 2区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Advanced Powder Technology

Pub Date : 2024-11-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.apt.2024.104728

Fathima T.K. Sana , Anamika Ghosh , C. Vijayan , Sundara Ramaprabhu

We report carbon-zinc oxide (C/ZnO) nanocomposites obtained by a simple, scalable, and cost-effective one-step pyrolysis of a zinc-based zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF8) for post-combustion carbon dioxide (CO₂) capture. The prepared nanocomposites are thoroughly analyzed by different characterization techniques. The CO₂ adsorption–desorption studies performed using thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) reveal remarkable CO₂ adsorption capacity (∼10 wt% at 30 °C, 1 bar) and excellent CO₂/N₂ selectivity. The low-pressure CO₂ uptake capacities measured using Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analyzer corroborate the TGA results. The best sample exhibits an uptake of 3.13 mmol/g at 30 °C, 1 bar. The experimental isotherms obtained using TGA and BET are fitted using suitable kinetic and adsorption models, respectively, to obtain insights into the underlying adsorption mechanisms. The isosteric enthalpy of adsorption calculated from the Virial analysis of the isotherms confirms the physisorption nature. Excellent CO₂ uptake values are also observed in simulated flue gas environments. Additionally, the factors influencing the CO₂ adsorption in these nanocomposites are identified by correlating the physical characterization results with the CO₂ uptake studies. It is inferred that the amorphous carbon in the nanocomposite determines the adsorption capacity and selectivity, whereas the residual ZnO in it controls the adsorption capacity at 0.15 bar and kinetics.

我们报告了通过对锌基沸石咪唑啉框架（ZIF8）进行简单、可扩展且经济高效的一步热解而获得的碳-氧化锌（C/ZnO）纳米复合材料，用于燃烧后二氧化碳（CO2）捕集。通过不同的表征技术对制备的纳米复合材料进行了深入分析。使用热重分析仪（TGA）进行的二氧化碳吸附-解吸研究表明，该纳米复合材料具有显著的二氧化碳吸附能力（30 °C、1 bar 条件下吸附量为∼10 wt%）和出色的 CO2/N2 选择性。使用布鲁瑙尔-艾美特-泰勒（BET）分析仪测量的低压二氧化碳吸收能力证实了 TGA 的结果。最好的样品在 30 °C、1 巴的条件下吸收了 3.13 mmol/g。使用 TGA 和 BET 分析仪获得的实验等温线分别使用合适的动力学模型和吸附模型进行拟合，以深入了解吸附机理。通过对等温线进行维里亚尔分析计算得出的等效吸附焓证实了物理吸附的性质。在模拟烟道气环境中也观察到了极佳的二氧化碳吸收值。此外，通过将物理表征结果与二氧化碳吸收研究相关联，还确定了影响这些纳米复合材料吸附二氧化碳的因素。据此推断，纳米复合材料中的无定形碳决定了吸附能力和选择性，而其中的残余氧化锌则控制着 0.15 巴时的吸附能力和动力学。

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引用次数: 0

Numerical simulation of particle consolidation under compression and shear based on the Discrete Element method 基于离散元素法的压缩和剪切作用下颗粒固结的数值模拟

IF 4.2 2区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Advanced Powder Technology

Pub Date : 2024-11-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.apt.2024.104722

Yunzhou Qian , Shane P. Usher , Peter J. Scales , Anthony D. Stickland , Alessio Alexiadis

This study introduces a three-dimensional (3D) Discrete Element Method (DEM) model designed to simulate particle consolidation under simultaneous compression and shear forces. The model is validated against experimental data for pure compression scenarios. Simulations involving simultaneous compression and shear are conducted to understand the impact of varying shear-to-compression ratios on particle consolidation. High shear-to-compression ratios lead to denser particle clusters, showing that shear promotes increased solid volume fractions. Additionally, the study explores the influence of different particle–particle interaction models, specifically the Derjaguin-Muller-Toporov (DMT) and Johnson-Kendall-Roberts (JKR) models. The results indicate that the DMT model generally leads to denser, more compact aggregates, whereas the JKR model tends to produce aggregates with a more elongated structure. Different agglomeration patterns were also found, which were classified as ‘shear-dominated’, ‘plateau’ and ‘compression-dominated’.

本研究介绍了一种三维（3D）离散元素法（DEM）模型，旨在模拟压缩力和剪切力同时作用下的颗粒固结。该模型根据纯压缩情况下的实验数据进行了验证。同时进行压缩和剪切模拟，以了解不同的剪切压缩比对颗粒固结的影响。高剪切压缩比会导致颗粒簇更加致密，这表明剪切会促进固体体积分数的增加。此外，研究还探讨了不同颗粒-颗粒相互作用模型的影响，特别是 Derjaguin-Muller-Toporov 模型（DMT）和 Johnson-Kendall-Roberts 模型（JKR）。结果表明，DMT 模型通常会产生密度更大、更紧凑的聚集体，而 JKR 模型则倾向于产生结构更细长的聚集体。此外，还发现了不同的聚集模式，可分为 "剪切主导型"、"高原型 "和 "压缩主导型"。

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引用次数: 0

Corrigendum to “Enhancement of luminescence and thermal stability in Eu3+-doped K3Y(BO2)6 with Li+ and Na+co-doping” [Adv. Powder Technol. 35 (2024) 104695] 掺杂 Li+ 和 Na+ 的 Eu3+ 掺杂 K3Y(BO2)6 的发光和热稳定性增强》更正[Adv. Powder Technol.

IF 4.2 2区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Advanced Powder Technology

Pub Date : 2024-11-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.apt.2024.104726

U.H. Kaynar , H. Aydin , Abeer S. Altowyan , J. Hakami , M.B. Coban , M. Ayvacikli , E. Ekdal Karali , A. Canimoglu , N. Can

引用次数: 0

Preparation of N-doped nanoporous carbon from ZIF-8 metal-organic framework via ultrasonic spray pyrolysis 通过超声喷雾热解从 ZIF-8 金属有机框架制备掺 N 纳米多孔碳

IF 4.2 2区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Advanced Powder Technology

Pub Date : 2024-11-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.apt.2024.104727

Masaru Kubo, Akito Kawamoto, Manabu Shimada

N-doped nanoporous carbon (NPC) was synthesized from ZIF-8 metal–organic framework via a one-step ultrasonic spray pyrolysis (USP) process and evaluated as a supercapacitor electrode material. The USP method involves ultrasonic nebulization of a ZIF-8 suspension, formation of agglomerates by preheating the droplets, and carbonizing the agglomerates at 1100 °C to yield USP-NPC. For comparison, conventional ZIF-8-derived NPC (c-NPC) and spray-dried ZIF-8 derived NPC (SD-NPC) were also prepared. USP-NPC consists of spherical dense submicron particles with a BET surface area of 1059 m²/g and high N content (6.4 at%). Electrochemical tests revealed that USP-NPC exhibited superior supercapacitance performance (249.7F/g at 0.5 A/g) and 10000-cycles durability compared to c-NPC and SD-NPC. The enhanced performance of USP-NPC is attributed to its spherical morphology, high surface area, and rich N-doping. This study demonstrates that the USP method is a promising approach for the facile synthesis of high-performance NPC electrode materials for supercapacitor applications.

通过一步式超声喷雾热解（USP）工艺从 ZIF-8 金属有机框架合成了掺杂 N 的纳米多孔碳（NPC），并将其作为超级电容器电极材料进行了评估。USP 方法包括对 ZIF-8 悬浮液进行超声波雾化，通过预热液滴形成团聚体，并在 1100 °C 下对团聚体进行碳化，从而生成 USP-NPC。为了进行比较，还制备了传统的 ZIF-8 衍生 NPC（c-NPC）和喷雾干燥 ZIF-8 衍生 NPC（SD-NPC）。USP-NPC 由球形致密亚微米颗粒组成，BET 表面积为 1059 m2/g，氮含量高（6.4%）。电化学测试表明，与 c-NPC 和 SD-NPC 相比，USP-NPC 表现出更优越的超级电容器性能（0.5 A/g 时为 249.7F/g）和 10000 周期的耐用性。USP-NPC 性能的提高归功于其球形形态、高表面积和丰富的 N 掺杂。这项研究表明，USP 方法是一种用于超级电容器应用的高性能 NPC 电极材料的简便合成方法。

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引用次数: 0

Simulations of hydrodynamics of droplet coating process using airless rotary sprayers 使用无气旋转喷雾器对液滴喷涂过程进行流体力学模拟

IF 4.2 2区工程技术 Q2 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL

Advanced Powder Technology

Pub Date : 2024-11-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.apt.2024.104686

Li Xiang , Xiang Yang , Chen Xing , Li Jinze , Wang Tong , Xia Xietian

Hydrodynamics of droplet coating process are simulated using an airless rotary sprayer by means of CFD-discrete element method (DEM) with JKR contact model. The surface energy parameter used in the JKR model is calibrated by a virtual accumulation angle test. A reasonable wall-droplet surface energy is suggested according to accumulation angle distribution. The droplet translational and angular velocities are predicted at different rotation speeds of the rotary sprayer labeled I, II and III. For stationary rotary sprayer coating process, the droplet translational and angular velocities, normal and tangential forces and energy losses are proportional to rotation speeds. As the rotary sprayer moves forward, the droplet-wall collision normal and tangential forces and energy losses are large near the inlet region and trends constantly in the developed region. This work suggests that DEM could be a useful method to study the effect of rotation speeds on droplet-wall contact interactions in paint droplet coating process.

通过 CFD-离散元法（DEM）和 JKR 接触模型，使用无气旋转喷雾器模拟了液滴喷涂过程的流体力学。通过虚拟积聚角测试校准了 JKR 模型中使用的表面能参数。根据积聚角分布，提出了合理的壁面-液滴表面能。预测了旋转喷雾器在不同转速下的液滴平移速度和角速度，分别标为 I、II 和 III。对于静止的旋转喷雾器喷涂过程，液滴的平移速度和角速度、法向力和切向力以及能量损失与旋转速度成正比。随着旋转喷涂机的前进，液滴与液滴壁碰撞的法向力和切向力以及能量损失在入口区附近较大，而在发达区则呈不断增大的趋势。这项工作表明，DEM 可以作为一种有用的方法来研究涂料液滴喷涂过程中旋转速度对液滴壁接触相互作用的影响。

引用次数: 0

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