PEC innovation最新文献

Objectives

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Innovation

Objective

There are many potential barriers to an individual's readiness and ability to use telehealth, including technology access, trust and knowledge. This qualitative study was a partnership between Jefferson and Esperanza Health Center (EHC), focused on addressing barriers to digital readiness among the Latino population served by EHC.

Methods

We conducted semi-structured interviews with Latino patients to assess their experiences with technology and willingness to learn more about technology for healthcare. Interviews were transcribed, coded, and analyzed using a content analysis approach.

Results

We completed 28 interviews. Most interviews (n = 23, 82 %) were conducted in Spanish. Barriers to using health technology included forgetting passwords, platforms not being available in multiple languages, and lacking digital skills.

Conclusion

Participants identified a need and interest in receiving support to develop technological skills needed to access health information and engage in digital health services. Future work is needed to develop patient-centered interventions to support the digital health readiness needs of underserved populations.

Innovation

Healthcare systems and community health organizations can partner to build the capacity of community members to identify barriers in digital health use. These partnerships have the potential to empower communities to create culturally sensitive interventions that aim to increase digital health literacy.

Objective

Given the importance of compassion and cultural humility in healthcare providers, the study aspired to investigate the effects of a brief mindfulness practice on compassion and cultural humility in health professions students.

Methods

A quantitative, one-group pre-test/post-test study was conducted with 58 participants from undergraduate health profession education programs in the United States. Participants completed questionnaires measuring mindfulness, compassion, and cultural humility before and after engaging in an eight-minute loving-kindness meditation exercise three to four times per week for two weeks.

Results

There were statistically significant increases in mindfulness, compassion, and cultural humility after participants engaged in the brief loving-kindness meditation exercise, with small to moderate effect sizes.

Conclusion

Brief mindfulness practices may be helpful for cultivating essential qualities such as compassion and cultural humility in health professions students.

Innovation

The findings add to the research gap about the effects of mindfulness on health professions students' compassion and cultural humility. Using mindfulness as a training tool in health professions education may foster compassion, cultural humility, and mindfulness in health professions students who will become healthcare providers, addressing individual health concerns but also broader social issues related to social justice and health equity.

Objective

We investigated the support of self-management by health care providers (HCP) in prenatal Shared Medical Appointments (SMA).

Methods

on an topic list, semi-structured interviews were conducted. HCP who provided prenatal care in SMA in the last five years were recruited. Thematic analysis was used.

Results

We conducted 15 interviews. Four research themes were defined: didactic techniques, peer learning, motivation and the health care providers. Self-management support in SMA is based on peer-learning and is influenced by group dynamics. HCP play a role in the creation of an effective learning climate by using practical and communication techniques. HCP motivate participants for self-management through peer learning and person centered care. HCP need certain personality traits and leadership skills.

Conclusion

Self-management support in SMA is based on peer-learning and is influenced by group dynamics. HCP create an effective learning climate using practical and communication techniques and motivate participants for self-management through peer learning and person-centered care.

Innovation

This is the first study that gives insight in self-management support in SMA. HCP and medical schools should be aware of the fact that HCP in SMA need insight in didactic techniques, peer learning, group dynamics and leadership skills.

Background

Oncology healthcare professionals (HCPs) using motivational interviewing may motivate and support patients with chronic illness to adhere to medications. Research of online motivational interviewing training focusing on medication adherence in cancer is limited.

Objective

Co-design, develop, and preliminarily evaluate a motivational interviewing training platform (MITP) for oncology HCPs focused on medication adherence.

Methods

We used co-design and design science research methodology to develop and test the MITP in two phases: 1) program co-design and development and 2) interactive platform design and development.

Results

HCPs expressed a high demand for a practical and tailored motivational interviewing training. MITP is an online three-hour training comprising education, roleplay videos, and formative assessments. MITP was reported to be acceptable, usable, and useful by users.

Innovation

This study used a novel approach combining co-design and design science research methodology, and digital media to develop a flexible and acceptable online motivational interviewing training focused on medication adherence in cancer.

Discussion and conclusion

Applied rigorous methodology ensured the MITP was developed to address knowledge gaps and the needs of oncology HCPs for supporting patient adherence, and to be usable and useful. Study findings may inform future research on online motivational interviewing training and its potential impact on medication adherence.

Objective

To analyze the relationship between perceived discrimination over the life course, social status, and limited health literacy (HL).

Methods

5040 adults who participated in the 2023 Survey of Racism and Public Health. We applied stratified multilevel models adjusted for sociodemographic characteristics.

Results

The average age was 47 years, 48% identified as White, 20% as Latinx, and 17% as Black. In the overall sample, we observed associations of perceived discrimination (b = 0.05, 95% CI: 0.01, 0.09), subjective social status (b = −0.16, 95% CI: −0.23, −0.10), and their interaction (b = 0.02, 95% CI: 0.01, 0.03). More perceived discrimination was associated with lower HL in the White and Multiracial participants. Higher subjective social status was associated with higher HL in the White and Latinx participants. There was a statistically significant interaction between perceived discrimination and subjective social status on HL among the White, Latinx, and Multiracial participants.

Conclusion

This analysis has implications for public health practice, indicating that multi-level interventions are needed to address limited HL.

Innovation

Our findings provide novel insights for identifying key SDOH indicators to assess in clinical settings to provide health literate care.

Objective

To characterize inaccurate and accurate beliefs about cancer risk factors held among Spanish-preferring adults in the United States.

Methods

From a national probability panel, we surveyed 196 Hispanic adults who prefer completing questionnaires in Spanish. We also used data from a representative sample of 1200 adults in the US to compare belief acceptance.

Results

Many less accepted accurate beliefs about cancer risk factors related to topics like fruit/vegetable consumption, weight loss, and alcohol use. Several inaccurate beliefs were widely held, with some being more accepted in the Spanish-preferring sample than the general US adult sample. Higher levels of self-reported media literacy and information scanning associated with more acceptance of both accurate and inaccurate beliefs. Access to the internet at home associated with discernment between accurate and inaccurate beliefs about cancer risk factors.

Conclusion

Acceptance of accurate beliefs and rejection of inaccurate beliefs varied across potential cancer risk factors. Future Spanish-language public health messaging should address these belief inconsistencies when providing up-to-date cancer-related recommendations or correcting inaccurate information in the public communication environment.

Innovation

Our study provides comprehensive information about cancer beliefs among Spanish-preferring adults in the United States, which was not previously available, and find that media literacy is a concept likely to be important to consider when putting together intervention tools to combat misinformation.

Background

This study explores social media (SM) usage and trust in information among cancer patients and their caregivers. We compare socio-demographic characteristics to identify groups more likely to rely on social media for treatment decisions and those less inclined to validate social media information with their provider.

Methods

A national survey of people diagnosed with cancer and those who were caregivers to people diagnosed with cancer was conducted via online survey in November–December 2021. Socio-demographic factors associated with respondents' use of SM and comfort disclosing SM use were assessed using logistic regression.

Findings

Out of 262 respondents, 65% were likely to use SM to make decisions about lifestyle changes, cancer screening, vaccination, cancer treatment, medical testing, or choosing a provider. SM users were younger (OR_adj = 0.11, p < 0.01), identified as Black (OR_adj = 10.19, p < 0.01), and had less education (OR_adj = 0.86, p = 0.02). Those with less education reported not being comfortable discussing SM with their providers (OR_adj = 1.25, p_adj = 0.01).

Discussion

Results contribute new understanding of the digital divide, highlighting the need for not only improving access to digital information but also the need for a supportive environment that provides patients with dependable methods to verify the authenticity of the information they encounter.

Objective

This study applied the Family Systems Illness Model to examine how child disorder severity influences mental health in mothers and fathers of children with chronic (mainly developmental) disorders (CD).

Methods

We measured parental mental health and perceived child disorder severity among 204 mothers and 125 fathers of 220 children with CD and compared the mental health scores with norms. We analyzed how much of the variance in parental mental health was explained by child disorder severity, including discrepancy between maternally and paternally perceived severity.

Results

Compared to norms, we found elevated mental health problems in both mothers (d = 0.45) and fathers (d = 0.20) of children with CD. Mothers had higher scores than fathers on both mental health problems (d = 0.63) and severity (d = 0.43). Perceived disorder severity was similarly associated with mental health problems for mothers (β = 0.23) and fathers (β = 0.34). Discrepancy between maternal and paternal perceived disorder severity did not influence parental mental health.

Conclusion

Findings suggest gender-specific challenges in parenting children with CD. Subjective perception of disorder severity plays a substantial role for parental mental health.

Innovation

This comparative study of mothers and fathers contributes to a predominantly mother-focused field.

Objective

The purpose of this study was to characterize similarities and differences in HPV vaccine misinformation narratives present in the comment sections of top-performing initial creator posts across three social media platforms.

Methods

A qualitative multi-method design was used to analyze comments collected from social media posts. A sample of 2996 comments were used for thematic analysis (identifying similar themes) and content analysis (identifying differences in comment type, opinion, and misinformation status).

Results

Misinformation was pervasive in comment sections. Cross-cutting misinformation themes included adverse reactions, unnecessary vaccine, conspiracy theories, and mistrust of authority. The proportion of comments related to these themes varied by platform. Initial creator posts crafted to be perceived as educational or with an anti-vaccine opinion had a higher proportion of misinformation in the comment sections. Facebook had the highest proportion of misinformation comments.

Conclusion

Differences in the proportion of cross-cutting themes in the comment sections across platforms suggests the need for targeted communication strategies to counter misinformation narratives and support vaccine uptake.

Innovation

This study is innovative due to its characterization of misinformation themes across three social media platforms using multiple qualitative methods to assess similarities and differences and focusing on conversations occurring within the comment sections.