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Effects of seedling conspecific density and heterospecific frequency on insect herbivory in a tropical dry forest 同种密度和异种频率对热带干旱林昆虫食草性的影响
IF 1.6 3区 农林科学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-05-11 DOI: 10.1111/afe.12574
Luis Abdala-Roberts, Jorge Carlos Berny-Mier y Terán, Carla Vázquez-González, Ariel Cohuo, Jorge León, Limbenr Valle, Kailen A. Mooney, Enrique Reyes-Novelo, Xoaquín Moreira

同种植物密度和异源频率是食草动物受损的关键驱动因素。然而,大多数研究都单独研究了它们的影响,并针对单个(而不是多个)重点植物物种进行了研究。我们进行了一项涉及三个树种的实验,即:Cordia docandra(Boraginaceae)、Manilkara zapota(Zapoteae)和piscipula(Fabeae)。我们操纵了M的林下密度。 zapota和C。 十二烷属(焦点种)及其相对于P。 皮西普拉。种植三个月后,我们对前两种昆虫的咀嚼叶器和吮吸损伤进行了调查。由于这些物种受到不同食草动物的攻击,我们预测了异性频率对食草动物产生的负面影响。密度和频率在其对食草动物的影响方向和功能上各不相同,这取决于植物物种和攻击食草动物。不出所料,Piscidia picipula频率对M。 扎波塔叶咀嚼器损伤,而同种密度不影响该物种的咀嚼器损伤。相反,密度和频率对C。 十二面体咀嚼损伤,分别为正(驼峰形)和负(U形)关系。密度和频率对C。 叶蝉对唐的伤害。这些发现要求开展更多的工作,共同评估食草动物密度和频率依赖性变化的植物间特异性变化及其潜在驱动因素。
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引用次数: 0
Fungal, host and non-host volatiles modify attraction of the walnut twig beetle, Pityophthorus juglandis, to pheromone lures 真菌、寄主和非寄主挥发物改变核桃枝甲虫(Pityophthorus juglandis)对信息素的吸引力
IF 1.6 3区 农林科学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-05-05 DOI: 10.1111/afe.12573
Matthew W. Ethington, Matthew D. Ginzel

核桃树千疮病(TCD)是由核桃枝甲虫(Pityophthorus juglandis)传播的致病真菌morbida引起的。WTB的监测工作依赖于以信息素为诱饵的陷阱,但诱饵可能只在短距离内有效吸引甲虫。真菌衍生的kairomones可能会增加现有诱饵的功效,而额外的挥发物可能会将甲虫从有价值的树木上赶走。本研究的目的是确定真菌、寄主和非寄主挥发物在多大程度上改变了WTB对信息素诱捕器的吸引力。一项诱捕研究将真菌、宿主相关和非宿主化合物与WTB信息素诱饵结合起来,在华盛顿州Walla Walla发生TCD爆发的黑核桃种植园进行了三年多的研究。以信息素和莫比达挥发物(即异戊醇和异丁醇)为诱饵的诱捕器始终吸引更多的WTB,而其他真菌挥发物与仅以信息素为诱饵的诱捕器相比,吸引力不一致。这是第一次实地研究,证明真菌挥发物可以增加树皮甲虫对硬木系统中信息素的吸引力。一种真菌(苯甲醇)和另外两种挥发物(柠檬烯、胡椒酮)可从信息素诱捕器中击退WTB。虽然已知柠檬烯可以击退WTB,但这是首次证明苯甲醇和胡椒酮可以击退树皮甲虫。真菌挥发物可以提高监测工作的有效性,并可能在WTB的管理策略中发挥重要作用,特别是在检测新生种群的引入和建立以及保护树木免受甲虫的入侵方面。
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引用次数: 0
Sex pheromone of Nearctic Agriotes mancus and its similarity to that of three Palearctic Agriotes invasive in North America 北美新北洋洋槐的性信息素及其与三种入侵的古北洋洋槐的相似性
IF 1.6 3区 农林科学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-04-29 DOI: 10.1111/afe.12568
Kendal Singleton, Willem G. van Herk, Julien Saguez, Ian Scott, Regine Gries, Gerhard Gries
The wheat wireworm, Agriotes mancus (Coleoptera: Elateridae), is a predominant elaterid pest species in the Nearctic region, with a life history and morphology similar to those of Agriotes obscurus, Agriotes lineatus and Agriotes sputator, three Palearctic pest elaterids invasive in North America. Here, we report the identification and field testing of the sex pheromone of A. mancus. We collected headspace volatiles from female beetles on Porapak Q, and analysed aliquots of Porapak extract by gas chromatography with electroantennographic detection (GC‐EAD) and by GC‐mass spectrometry. In GC‐EAD recordings, two esters—geranyl butanoate and geranyl hexanoate—elicited antennal responses from A. mancus males. In field experiments, trap lures containing both geranyl butanoate and geranyl hexanoate afforded large captures of A. mancus males, which were—on average—approximately 30‐fold higher than captures in traps baited with a single ester. Traps baited with geranyl butanoate as a single‐component lure captured a significant number of Palearctic A. sputator, indicating the establishment of A. sputator in its invaded Nearctic range. With the A. mancus sex pheromone now known, it can be included in the development of pheromone‐based programmes to monitor and manage native and invasive Agriotes pests in North America.
小麦线虫(Agriotes mancus,鞘翅目:扁豆科)是新北极地区的优势扁豆害虫,其生活史和形态与入侵北美的三种古北扁豆害虫Agriotes obscurus、Agriotes lineatus和Agriotes sputator相似。本文报道了马尾松属植物性信息素的鉴定及田间检测结果。我们收集了Porapak Q上雌性甲虫的顶空挥发物,并通过气相色谱-触角电检测(GC - EAD)和GC -质谱分析了Porapak提取物的等分。在气相色谱- EAD记录中,两种酯-丁酸香叶酯和己酸香叶酯-引起了曼库斯雄蛙的触角反应。在现场实验中,同时含有丁酸香叶酯和己酸香叶酯的诱捕器能捕获大量雄性野鼠,平均比只含有单一酯的诱捕器捕获量高约30倍。以丁酸香叶酯为单组分诱捕器捕获了大量古北地区的臭腹田鼠,表明臭腹田鼠已在其入侵的新北极地区定居。现在已知了mancus的性信息素,可以将其纳入基于信息素的规划中,以监测和管理北美本地和入侵的Agriotes害虫。
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引用次数: 2
Bark beetle and woodborer responses to stand thinning and prescribed fire in northeastern US coastal and inland pitch pine barrens 美国东北部沿海和内陆松荒地的树皮甲虫和木材蛀虫对林分变薄和规定火灾的反应
IF 1.6 3区 农林科学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-04-15 DOI: 10.1111/afe.12572
Kevin J. Dodds, Jessica Cancelliere, Marc F. DiGirolomo

南方松甲虫,正面松毛虫,已经将其范围进一步扩大到美国东北部。这种扩张威胁到罕见的、具有生态价值的内陆和沿海的松树林。松树荒地的恢复和南方松甲虫侵扰的抑制通常包括留下倒下的枯木,腐叶昆虫可以利用这些枯木。在Rocky Point State Forest和Albany Pine Bush Preserve,分别以沿海和内陆沥青松林为例,使用化学诱饵诱捕器调查了树皮甲虫和木材蛀虫对恢复处理的反应。Rocky Point州立森林共捕获了来自116种树皮甲虫和木材蛀虫的29598种腐叶昆虫,而在Albany Pine Bush保护区捕获了来自67种的23117只。Ips spp.在这两个地点都很丰富,分别占Rocky Point State Forest和Albany Pine Bush Preserve总收藏量的28%-47%和42%-74%。大颈Ips对两个部位的治疗均无反应。然而,在落基角州立森林的变薄地块中发现的Ips pini数量较多。
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引用次数: 1
Exploring the range expansion of the yellow-spotted longhorn beetle Psacothea hilaris hilaris in northern Italy 在意大利北部探索黄斑长角甲虫Psacothea hilaris hilaris的活动范围
IF 1.6 3区 农林科学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-04-13 DOI: 10.1111/afe.12570
Daniela Lupi, Serena Malabusini, Silvia de Milato, Alessandro Luigi Heinzl, Enrico Ruzzier, Luciano Bani, Sara Savoldelli, Costanza Jucker

肺脊杆菌是2005年在伦巴第(意大利北部)发现的一种外来神经酰胺,目前已建立并处于扩张阶段。该物种是榕树和桑树的严重害虫。本工作的目的是更新该物种在意大利的分布区域,调查其在16个国家的扩张情况 年。数据是通过作者的直接实地记录和社区科学,通过国家和国际网络平台以及社交网络上的数据挖掘获得的。对报告进行分析,并在ArcMap 10.8.1中绘制GPS点,以获得分布图。在收集的记录中,34%是在实地调查中获得的,22%是通过电子邮件获得的,44%是通过在线论坛和社交网络获得的。肺吸虫成虫活动期长,从4月到12月初,6月到9月为活动高峰期。伦巴第大区的六个省已经确定了这种害虫的存在,面积估计超过1750 平方公里。2内发生新检测 41.6%的病例中有2至4例已知感染公里数 公里外37.7%。根据报告记录估计的平均射程扩展率为3.17 ± 0.33 从2010年到2021年,公里/年。经过最初的定居阶段,这种昆虫现在正在向南传播。考虑到该物种可能对意大利和地中海盆地的无花果植物具有相关的植物检疫兴趣,加深对其飞行生物学、动力学和主动扩散能力的了解,以估计未来的范围扩展是至关重要的。
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引用次数: 2
Contributions of climate and Brassica oleracea cultivar to gastropod abundance and assemblage in southeastern Brazil 气候和甘蓝品种对巴西东南部腹足类丰度和组合的贡献
IF 1.6 3区 农林科学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-04-07 DOI: 10.1111/afe.12571
Elizeu S. Farias, Sthefane D'ávila, Abraão A. Santos, Renata C. Santos, Jhersyka S. Paes, Allana G. Guedes, Geraldo A. Carvalho, Marcelo C. Picanço

陆生腹足类(蛞蝓和蜗牛,软体动物纲:真肺目)是芸苔属作物的破坏性害虫。这些生物会使植物落叶并污染收成,导致作物产量和市场性下降。近年来,巴西软体动物造成的损失不断增加。我们的目的是确定油菜地腹足类的季节活动,并揭示与这些动态相关的环境变量。还比较了甘蓝品种(西兰花、卷心菜和花椰菜)的腹足类丰度、组合和植物内分布。温和的温度和雨季被发现与腹足纲动物的高峰期相吻合。回归分析证实,降雨量和湿度与腹足类丰度呈正相关,而腹足类的丰度随着温度的降低而增加。Deroceras laeve(Müller)(Agriolimachidae)和Bradybaena similaris(Férussac)(Bradybaenidae)是最稳定的物种。不同甘蓝品种的软体动物丰度和组合不同;卷心菜的丰度最高,其物种组成与西兰花和花椰菜不同。无论品种如何,蛞蝓和蜗牛都更集中在较低的植株部分。应在温和的温度和雨季加强管理工作,以减少腹足类动物的伤害,并应比其他品种更密切地监测卷心菜。
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引用次数: 0
Tailoring your bee sampling protocol: Comparing three methods reveals the best approaches to capturing bees 定制您的蜜蜂采样协议:比较三种方法揭示捕获蜜蜂的最佳途径
IF 1.6 3区 农林科学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-04-05 DOI: 10.1111/afe.12569
Christine Bell, Lusha Tronstad, Scott Hotaling

蜜蜂在农业和自然环境中是多产的、重要的传粉者,但一些分类群正在减少。调查蜜蜂对于了解这些分类群的需求至关重要;然而,我们缺乏对与不同采样方法相关的组合的细粒度理解,这将使我们能够分析数据范围。在这里,我们研究了蜜蜂(仅蜜蜂碗和叶片陷阱)和大黄蜂(Bombus属;蜂碗、蓝风向标陷阱和目标网)在美国怀俄明州的混草草原和高山栖息地采用这些方法进行采样。我们在叶片陷阱中收集的蜜蜂是蜜蜂碗的四倍多,蜜蜂属的数量是蜜蜂碗的两倍。叶片诱捕器捕获的丰富属的个体比蜂碗多。叶片诱捕法和目标网法对Bombus种类的丰度没有影响;叶片型捕集器的丰富度较高。蜂碗捕捉到的蜂蜂种类很少。总的来说,我们建议使用叶片诱捕器对大多数蜜蜂进行取样,并结合叶片诱捕器和目标网来收集大黄蜂。我们评估了三种采样技术在调查野生蜜蜂时的表现,这将有助于识别衰退物种以及监测保护物种。
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引用次数: 0
Effects of water stress on plant volatile emission and insect oviposition preference in an agroecosystem 水分胁迫对农业生态系统中植物挥发性物质排放和昆虫产卵偏好的影响
IF 1.6 3区 农林科学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-03-28 DOI: 10.1111/afe.12567
Yan Sun, Xuewei Zhu, Li Sui, Ziqiu Zhu, Bingzhong Ren, Duofeng Pan, Ho Yi Wan, Hui Zhu

由于气候变化,干旱在世界许多地区变得更加普遍和严重。水分胁迫对昆虫产卵偏好的影响是决定其适合度的关键因素,但对其影响的研究较少。在此,我们研究了水分胁迫如何影响温室内玉米玉米螟(Ostrinia furnacalis)的产卵选择,并测试了处理后玉米挥发性化合物的差异,以及玉米螟(O. furnacalis)对玉米挥发物谱的电子图和生物测定响应。玉米螟更倾向于在水分充足的玉米上产卵。大多数植物挥发性化合物在三种水处理之间存在显著差异,包括β -丁香烯、(E)‐2‐己烯和芳樟醇的排放量随着干旱强度的增加而增加,(Z)‐3‐己烯‐1‐醇的排放量减少。玉米不同的挥发性特征可能会影响玉米螟的产卵决定,因为在1000ppm浓度下,玉米螟对(Z)‐3‐己烯‐1‐醇有明显的产卵偏好,而对β‐石竹烯、(E)‐2‐己烯和芳樟醇没有明显的产卵偏好。本研究通过挥发性剖面进一步了解干旱对植物-昆虫相互作用的影响。我们的发现呼吁在农业环境中,特别是在降水模式变化的地区,重视害虫的产卵选择。
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引用次数: 0
Economic impact of polyphagous shot hole borer Euwallacea fornicatus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) in Western Australia 西澳大利亚多食射孔螟的经济影响(鞘翅目:锥虫科:鞘翅科)
IF 1.6 3区 农林科学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-03-11 DOI: 10.1111/afe.12566
David C. Cook, Sonya Broughton

继2021年9月在西澳大利亚州发现多食射孔孔虫Euwallacea fornicatus (Eichhoff)之后,我们估计了未来几十年可能造成的经济损失以及根除投资的回报。利用生物经济模型模拟了基于城市和商业树木额外管理成本的昆虫传播和经济影响。研究了两种情况,一种是启动了根除政策应对,另一种是没有启动。如果不采取根除措施,结果表明,在30年内,每年的中位数成本将达到680万澳元,其中98%与城市森林的管理有关。我们的结论是,目前提议的根除资金涉及3年投资4500万澳元,在短期内不会产生足够的收益来抵消成本,但在长期内可能产生净收益。
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引用次数: 0
Prescribed fire is associated with increased floral richness and promotes short-term increases in bee biodiversity in the ponderosa pine forest of the Southern Rocky Mountains 在南落基山脉的黄松森林中,规定的火与增加的植物丰富度和促进蜜蜂生物多样性的短期增加有关
IF 1.6 3区 农林科学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2023-03-06 DOI: 10.1111/afe.12565
Ryleigh V. Gelles, Thomas S. Davis, Kevin J. Barrett

为了恢复对北美森林的干扰过程,经常实施有管理的低严重程度地面火灾;尽管有管理的火灾对森林结构的影响已经得到了很好的研究,但很少有研究调查这些干扰是否会级联影响传粉昆虫群落。我们分析了科罗拉多州经火灾处理(处理后1年和3年)和未经处理的黄松林中蜜蜂与栖息地的关系,以测试野生蜜蜂种群的反应。观察到的蜜蜂丰富度和α多样性在火灾后1年的林分中最高,与火灾后3年和未处理的林分相比,有更多的Anthophora、Bombus、Osmia和Lasioglossum spp。蜜蜂的功能群对处理有反应,林分中存在更多的地下筑巢分类群3 火灾后数年。花的丰富度是生长中期(6月、7月)和火灾后1年内最高的季节。一个分析觅食和筑巢栖息地变化对蜜蜂群落影响的模型表明,花朵丰富度与蜜蜂α多样性呈正相关,但与林分基底面积呈负相关。筑巢栖息地与蜜蜂群落的变化无关。我们得出的结论是,有管理的火灾对蜜蜂生物多样性有积极的短期影响,这可能是由花朵的丰富性介导的。然而,3 洛基山脉南部地区治疗后数年。
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引用次数: 1
期刊
Agricultural and Forest Entomology
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