Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment最新文献

{"title":"Ecological restoration of field margins enhances biodiversity and multiple ecosystem services in rice agroecosystems","authors":"N. Pérez-Méndez ,&nbsp;C. Alcaraz ,&nbsp;M. Catala-Forner","doi":"10.1016/j.agee.2025.109484","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.agee.2025.109484","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ecological restoration of non-productive agricultural areas such as field margins has been identified as a key priority to enhance biodiversity and promote multiple ecosystem services within agroecosystems. Field margin restoration is especially important in rice (<em>Oryza sativa</em>, L), a globally important crop which occupies around 15 % of world cropland surface. Even though assessment of how ecosystem service multifunctionality varies across different restoration strategies is scarce. Here, by using a 3-year field scale experiment, we evaluated how different restoration strategies (i.e., hedgerows, flower strips and passive restoration) contribute to ecosystem service multifunctionality in rice farming. We focused on the simultaneous provision of biodiversity enhancement, pest and weed control, mitigation of invasive species impact, and soil protection. We found that all restoration strategies substantially increased multifunctionality when compared to non-restored margins, with improved plant and natural enemy diversity, reduced weed abundance, enhanced protection against the invasive red swamp crawfish, and decreased soil erosion. Multifunctionality was similar across restoration strategies, yet the passive spontaneous restoration emerged as the most economically feasible. Overall, our results underscore the value of restoring non-productive areas such as field margins to promote rice multifunctional landscapes. Specifically, passive restoration strategies offer a promising approach to enhance multiple ecosystem services while remaining cost-effective, supporting both biodiversity conservation and sustainable agricultural production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7512,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment","volume":"382 ","pages":"Article 109484"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143170694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dramatical variation in rill erosion resistance during two-year continuous straw incorporation on sloping farmland","authors":"Yi Zhang ,&nbsp;Hanyu Zhang ,&nbsp;Jingjiang Li ,&nbsp;Xia Li ,&nbsp;Yingying Zhang ,&nbsp;Yi Zeng ,&nbsp;Wei Dai ,&nbsp;Rui Fan ,&nbsp;Qianjin Liu ,&nbsp;Nufang Fang","doi":"10.1016/j.agee.2025.109500","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.agee.2025.109500","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Straw incorporation has been increasingly recommended to control rill initiation and development. However, the unpredictable impact of continuous straw incorporation on residual straw and soil physicochemical properties leads to uncertain variations in rill erosion resistance. In this study, maize straw was annually incorporated into runoff plots for two consecutive years. The plots were configured with three fixed factors: straw length (0–2 cm and 2–5 cm), straw amount (4000 kg ha⁻¹ and 8000 kg ha⁻¹), and straw incorporation depth (15 cm and 20 cm). Two rill erosion resistance parameters, soil critical shear stress (<em>τ</em>_<em>c</em>) and rill erodibility (<em>k</em>_<em>d</em>), were measured using a submerged jet apparatus after maize harvesting. The results revealed a 10.98 % decrease in <em>τ</em>_<em>c</em> and a 93.03 % increase in <em>k</em>_<em>d</em> after two rounds of straw incorporation compared to after the first incorporation, indicating that soil resistance to rill erosion decreased during continuous straw incorporation. Structural equation modeling suggested that the incorporated depth was the dominant contributor to variations in rill erosion resistance following the first straw incorporation, primarily by influencing the soil pore system. As soil agglomeration progressed driven by straw decomposition, the straw amount had an increasingly indirect effect on rill erosion resistance, with primary factors shifting to capillary porosity, straw residues, water-stable aggregates, humic substances, and the humus fraction. Following continuous straw incorporation, both <em>τ</em>_<em>c</em> and <em>k</em>_<em>d</em> increased with the straw amount but decreased with the incorporated depth, indicating that excessive or shallow incorporation of straw can effectively prevent rill scouring under low shear stress but is less effective under high-stress conditions. This short-term continuous straw incorporation experiment was conducted on <em>in situ</em> sloping farmland, which contributes to a deeper understanding of the dynamics of rill erosion resistance and provides a valuable reference for optimizing straw-returning strategies on sloping farmland.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7512,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment","volume":"382 ","pages":"Article 109500"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143170696","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Abundance of aphid natural enemies on flowering service plants is associated with aphid prey and floral resources","authors":"Mengxiao Sun ,&nbsp;Bing Liu ,&nbsp;Felix J.J.A. Bianchi ,&nbsp;Wopke van der Werf ,&nbsp;Yanhui Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.agee.2025.109502","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.agee.2025.109502","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Natural enemies of agricultural pests are dependent on alternative prey and floral food resources that may be scarce in intensively managed agricultural landscapes. Introduction of flowering service plants may provide food resources, but context-specific information on plant species and associated plant traits attractive and supportive to natural enemies is often lacking. Here, we assessed aphid natural enemies on 39 native and non-native service plant species in a replicated field experiment in Korla, Xinjiang, China, in 2020 and 2021. The natural enemy communities and aphid abundance on these plants were assessed using visual counts and sweepnetting. Flowering period, corolla type, and presence of extrafloral nectar on the plants were assessed as possible predictors for attractiveness to natural enemies. <em>Gossypium hirsutum, Melilotus officinalis, Medicago sativa, Anethum graveolens</em>, and <em>Foeniculum vulgare</em> were associated with relatively high natural enemy abundances, but <em>G. hirsutum</em>, <em>M. officinalis</em> and <em>M. sativa</em> also hosted cotton or cowpea aphids. Ladybeetles, predatory bugs and parasitoids showed positive responses to aphid densities on plants. Ladybeetle adults showed consistent positive responses to extrafloral nectar, open corollas and flowering across two years, while for other natural enemies this was only found in one out of two years. Our findings indicate that besides the provision of floral resources, aphid prey on service plants is an important characteristic that influences the attractivity of service plants to natural enemies. Service plants that host aphids that do not infest crops can therefore be useful for habitat management programs aiming to conserve and augment natural enemies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7512,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment","volume":"382 ","pages":"Article 109502"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143170698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vineyard mycobiota shows a local and long-term response to the organic mulches application","authors":"David Labarga ,&nbsp;Andreu Mairata ,&nbsp;Miguel Puelles ,&nbsp;Jordi Tronchoni ,&nbsp;Ales Eichmeier ,&nbsp;María de Toro ,&nbsp;David Gramaje ,&nbsp;Alicia Pou","doi":"10.1016/j.agee.2025.109506","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.agee.2025.109506","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Viticulture faces global warming challenge, prompting focus on sustainable practices. Organic mulches, an alternative to conventional practices, have shown the potential to enhance plant performance and soil quality. However, their impact on soil and must microbiota remains unexplored. Our three-year study, conducted in two vineyards located in Logroño and Aldeanueva within the appellation of origin (DOCa) Rioja (Spain) aimed to assess the effects of five soil treatments—two conventional (Herbicide (H) and Tillage (T)) and three organic mulches (Grapevine Pruning Debris (GPD), Spent Mushrooms Compost (SMC) and Straw (S))— on soil and must fungal communities through a metataxonomic approach (ITS region). We hypothesized that mulches might modify soil and must fungal microbiota, thus influencing plant health and the winemaking process. Our findings revealed that soil and must fungal communities were primarily driven by location. While treatments did not significantly impact must microbiota, soil fungal communities varied with treatments in the third year, with notable disparities across locations. In Logroño, GPD and H showed the highest diversity, while S exhibited the highest diversity in Aldeanueva. Besides, none of the mulches promoted the growth of pathogenic fungi associated with common vineyard diseases. Finally, the <em>Saccharomycetaceae</em> family was found in must and soil, indicating its presence in the soil prior to grape colonization. Overall, location emerged as the primary factor influencing soil and must fungi. Organic mulches demonstrated long-term effects on soil fungal diversity, although these effects varied across locations. This study pioneers a comprehensive assessment of organic mulches in shaping vineyard fungal communities across diverse soils, offering unprecedented insights into sustainable practices that enhance soil biodiversity and ecosystem resilience without elevating disease risk.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7512,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment","volume":"382 ","pages":"Article 109506"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143169653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sinus management: meandering mowing as a novel method to improve pollinator biodiversity and habitat heterogeneity in mesic grasslands","authors":"Laurian Parmentier ,&nbsp;Andy Van Kerckvoorde ,&nbsp;Jurgen Couckuyt ,&nbsp;Hans van Calster ,&nbsp;Guy Smagghe ,&nbsp;Geert Haesaert","doi":"10.1016/j.agee.2025.109478","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.agee.2025.109478","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The decline of European grassland biodiversity underscores the urgent need for innovative methods to address this crisis. Adequate management is essential to reverse this trend while there remain important knowledge gaps addressing effective implementation. This study investigated a novel mowing method, sinus management, compared to conventional block mowing, in extensively managed mesic grasslands. Sinus management employs curved, meandering mowing lines instead of straight ones, resulting in a three times greater mowing length, while the mown:unmown area is kept fixed at 2:1. In addition, a key feature is the retention of unmown edges in various stages of plant (re)growth, while the central area is mown as usual. This approach aims to enhance spatio-temporal habitat heterogeneity, to support diverse pollinator communities by providing proximate and varied food and shelter resources over the full season. We showed that, after already two years, and confirmed in the third year, sinus mowing had a significant effect on bee and butterfly diversity indices. Specifically, there was a positive effect on different functional groups of bees (polygolectic bees with different nesting behavior and cleptoparasitic bees) and butterflies (grassland specialists). Sinus management also fostered more unique plant-pollinator relationships compared to block mowing. The strong positive response on pollinator diversity underscores the potential of sinus management as a sustainable, nature-based management solution to enhance habitat quality of extensively used grasslands, while controlling for excessive succession. This also aims to better conserve essential ecosystem services at risk, notably the pollination of wild plants and crops. Within an agricultural landscape context, a targeted improved grassland management supporting diverse pollinator assemblages, even at local sites, has the potential to effectively link ecological conservation measures with tangible economic benefits for farmers and land managers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7512,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment","volume":"382 ","pages":"Article 109478"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143169655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diversified crop rotation: Synergistically enhancing peanut yield and soil organic carbon stability","authors":"Qiqi Sun ,&nbsp;Yongmei Zheng ,&nbsp;Shangxia Li ,&nbsp;Jishun Yang ,&nbsp;Xuhong Zhao ,&nbsp;Lanlan Du ,&nbsp;Kang He ,&nbsp;Junhua Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.agee.2025.109497","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.agee.2025.109497","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Diversified crop rotations are acknowledged for their capacity to improve soil fertility and increase crop productivity through increasing plant carbon inputs. However, the microbial mechanisms involved in soil organic carbon (SOC) dynamics remain elusive, especially in the high-nitrogen peanut field. This study aimed to investigate the effects of crop rotation on peanut yield, SOC mineralization (<em>K</em>_c), its temperature sensitivity (<em>Q</em>₁₀), and the main drivers in the rhizosphere and bulk soils. A 6-year field experiment was conducted including three cropping regimes: peanut continuous monocropping (P), peanut-<em>Orychophragmus violaceus</em> rotation (PO), and peanut-winter wheat-summer maize rotation (PWM). Microbial alpha diversity, community composition, and occurrence networks were characterized using 16S rRNA and fungal ITS region sequencing. Compared to P, PO increased the rhizosphere nitrate nitrogen, which suppressed root biomass and reduced the rhizosphere SOC and <em>Q</em>₁₀. In the bulk soil, incorporation of labile and nitrogen-rich residue under PO increased soil mineral nitrogen, which stimulated <em>K</em>-strategists and reduced <em>K</em>_c through intensifying microbial carbon limitation. Finally, PO exhibited the lowest SOC accumulation across treatments through promoting the primed soil carbon loss. Compared to P, PWM increased the rhizosphere total nitrogen, stimulated root biomass, and enhanced the rhizosphere <em>K</em>_c. In the bulk soil, the low-quality residues input may alleviate the microbial carbon limitation, which not only promoted SOC stability by facilitating the microbial preferential utilization of labile carbon but also reduced <em>Q</em>₁₀ through decreasing microbial biomass and increasing activities of carbon-cycling enzymes. The significant increases in microbial diversity in both rhizosphere and bulk soils of the PWM treatment also contributed to the greater SOC accumulation relative to PO. However, the theoretical increase in SOC content was offset by soil carbon loss associated with straw removal of maize at harvest. PO enhanced peanut yield by increasing the rhizosphere pH and optimizing soil microbial communities. PWM showed advantage in increasing yield over PO (51.8 % vs. 20.7 %) due to its promotion of root development, a more balanced composition of soil nutrient, and additional enhancement of microbial diversity and enzyme activities. Therefore, PWM achieved a synergistic benefit for both crop productivity and SOC stability, thus contributing to agricultural green development. This study underscores the need for properly accounting for the crop residue quality and soil initial nutrient status in devising sustainable planting model.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7512,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment","volume":"382 ","pages":"Article 109497"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143169674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Warming-induced increase in N2O fluxes decreases with the legacy of agriculture and latitude in abandoned croplands","authors":"Hui Gao ,&nbsp;Sibo Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhenrui Zhang ,&nbsp;Xin Chen ,&nbsp;Yuan Xin ,&nbsp;Wei Huang ,&nbsp;Shaoda Liu ,&nbsp;Xinghui Xia","doi":"10.1016/j.agee.2025.109498","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.agee.2025.109498","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The response of nitrous oxide (N₂O) fluxes from croplands to warming is crucial in agricultural ecosystem-climate feedback. However, despite the area accounting for ∼25 % of total cropland areas, the patterns and mechanisms controlling soil N₂O fluxes in response to climate warming from abandoned croplands in the absence of further human interventions, remain poorly understood. Here, we examined the warming effect (+1.6 °C) on N₂O fluxes from abandoned croplands in China through field warming experiments with different abandoned durations (5–9 years) and latitudes (22.33–46.58°N). Moreover, we assessed the contribution of N₂O emissions from abandoned croplands to all croplands by synthesizing global datasets on N₂O fluxes and related parameters. We showed that warming led a significant increase (33.8 ± 4.3 % per 1°C increment in soil temperature) in N₂O fluxes from abandoned croplands, which was primarily attributed to increased soil NH₄⁺-N content and abundances of archaeal and bacterial <em>amoA</em> genes under warming, fostering nitrification and denitrification for N₂O production. The impact of warming on N₂O fluxes significantly declined over abandoned years due to the diminished warming effect on NH₄⁺-N content with years of abandonment. Furthermore, the warming effect on N₂O fluxes significantly decreased with increasing latitude, owing to reduced warming-induced increases in soil NH₄⁺-N content and archaeal <em>amoA</em> gene abundance with latitude. The estimated N₂O emissions from global abandoned croplands under control and warming conditions were lower than those from traditional croplands, accounting for only 10.0 % and 12.9 % of the total cropland N₂O emissions, respectively. This minor contribution, given their areal proportion of global croplands, suggests that the abandonment of croplands could contribute to reducing N₂O emissions. Our study underscores the importance of agricultural legacy and latitude in regulating the response of N₂O fluxes from abandoned croplands to warming, thereby providing novel insights into mitigating cropland N₂O emissions under a warming climate.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7512,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment","volume":"382 ","pages":"Article 109498"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143169652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fungicide treatments drive changes in the diversity and species richness of tissue-resident bacteria in agrobiont cobweb-weaving and epigeic spiders","authors":"Milan Řezáč ,&nbsp;Veronika Řezáčová ,&nbsp;Nela Gloríková ,&nbsp;Ema Némethová ,&nbsp;Petr Heneberg","doi":"10.1016/j.agee.2025.109477","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.agee.2025.109477","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Agrochemicals have the potential to induce large-scale changes in the abundance and diversity of endosymbionts. Moreover, although there is still no direct proof of the ability of <em>Rickettsia</em> and <em>Wolbachia</em> to degrade or detoxify insecticides or other agrochemicals, changes in the abundance or diversity of endosymbiotic bacteria were reported to alter insecticide resistance. We hypothesized that treatment with one or more fungicides affects the species richness and relative abundance of microbial endosymbionts of agrobiont cobweb-weaving and epigeic spiders. We further hypothesized that microbial endosymbiont composition may affect agrochemical resistance. We used <em>Phylloneta impressa</em> as a model cobweb-weaving species and <em>Pardosa agrestis</em> as a model epigeic species and tested the effects of four chemically unrelated fungicides, Captan, Kocide (copper oxychloride), Kuprikol (copper hydroxide), and Super Tin (triphenyltin hydroxide). Furthermore, we determined the resistance to three other agrochemicals, Benevia (cyantraniliprole), Coragen (chlorantraniliprole), and Mospilan (acetamiprid). The analyses were based on 16S rDNA profiles from lysates of the cephalothorax and legs of the tested spiders. Fungicide treatment induced prominent changes in the diversity and richness of tissue-resident bacterial assemblages, including facultative and obligate endosymbionts. However, the direction of the observed responses varied with the fungicide used and differed between the two tested species. The observed fungicide-induced changes had direct effects on resistance to insecticides. Namely, Captan treatment and/or altered diversity and richness of facultative and obligate endosymbionts led to increases in Benevia (cyantraniliprole) resistance of the host spiders. The combined data show that fungicides shape the tissue-associated bacterial communities in spiders, including their endosymbionts. Both study species had a high prevalence of infection of <em>Rickettsia</em> and <em>Wolbachia</em> and a 100 % prevalence of <em>Spiroplasma</em>. These endosymbiotic genera responded to the fungicide treatment, and changes in their relative abundance were associated with the possible onset of Benevia (cyantraniliprole) resistance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7512,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment","volume":"382 ","pages":"Article 109477"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143169656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transformation of the agricultural landscape and its influence on small terrestrial mammal communities in South Moravia (Czech Republic, Central Europe)","authors":"Jan Zejda ,&nbsp;Marta Heroldová ,&nbsp;Eva Jánová","doi":"10.1016/j.agee.2025.109482","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.agee.2025.109482","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Over the last 70 years, the agricultural landscape in many formerly socialistic European countries have changed markedly. Small mammals inhabiting agricultural landscapes are one of the most influenced communities. In this manuscript, unique long-term datasets from the Czech Republic and three representative periods have been interpreted and investigated as to species composition, variation in numbers, and habitat requirements. The first study period of 1956–1963 was a time when socialist collectivisation started, the agricultural landscape was still partially under the management of small holders and a higher diversity of crops and the landscape elements persisted. Second period studied was 1983–1989 when fields were merged into big areas and intensive land use and high yields were supported by increased use of fertilizers and pesticides. The landscape diversity decreased. In both periods, species of the genus <em>Apodemus</em> and <em>Microtus arvalis</em> were the dominant species. The abundances of mice were approximately similar, however voles’ densities increased rapidly in the second period. Number of the rare species drastically decreased. The third period studied was after land reprivatisation (2008–2010). Only a small part of the land was cultivated by small farmers; most of the land continued to be farmed by large cooperatives. The diversity of planted crops and of the overall landscape increased and effort toward more ecological agricultural management occurred. In contrast to previous two studies, the research was conducted in a more variable landscape, which resulted in lower densities of captured mammals, however the species composition was similar to the 1983–1989 period.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7512,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment","volume":"382 ","pages":"Article 109482"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143170695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potassium mediates succession of microbial community and nitrogen functions under long-term sloping cultivation with soybean","authors":"Zhijun Chen ,&nbsp;Kai Zhang ,&nbsp;Fangli Su ,&nbsp;Xuan Wang ,&nbsp;Zhidan Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.agee.2024.109466","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.agee.2024.109466","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sloping farmland significantly increases soil erosion and the loss of nutrients and organic carbon. However, there is limited knowledge about the potential impacts of changes in soil physicochemical properties on the microbial community and its metabolic functions. Here, we investigated the responses of bacterial diversity, complexity, stability, and metabolic functions during sloping soybean cultivation over periods of 6, 6.5, and 8 years. The results indicated that long-term sloping cultivation markedly reduced the diversity of the bacterial community but noticeably increased its richness. Co-occurrence network’s links, degree, and robustness were diminished, while vulnerability increased after long-term sloping cultivation, indicating a reduction in the complexity and stability of bacterial community in sloping farmland. However, the overlapping nodes, compositional stability, and node persistence were significantly higher in sloping farmland than those in normal farmland. This result suggested that sloping cultivation selected specific core microorganisms that exhibited minimal changes over time. Those core microbes showed significantly higher metabolic functions related to the dissimilatory and assimilatory reduction of nitrate to ammonium in sloping farmland. Compared with the CK, the sloping farmland significantly increased available potassium by 37.9 %. In sloping farmland, higher available potassium was a driving factor in increasing microbial richness and enhancing compositional stability and node persistence, which further improved the potential functions of nitrate reduction to ammonium. Generally, changes in soil properties, especially the increase in available potassium, contributed to the selection of specific core microbes with a high capacity for nitrate utilization. Our findings suggested that the future utilization of sloping farmlands should consider their impacts on microbial functions, especially nitrogen metabolism.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7512,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment","volume":"382 ","pages":"Article 109466"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143170692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}