Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment最新文献_第6页

Irrigation-driven shifts in weed community composition, functional identity, and functional diversity: Evidence from a Mediterranean vineyard 灌溉驱动的杂草群落组成、功能特性和功能多样性的变化：来自地中海葡萄园的证据

IF 6.4 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment

Pub Date : 2026-01-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.agee.2026.110244

J. García-Guerra, J. Dorado, J.M. Peña

This study examines how different irrigation levels influence weed community composition and functional structure in a Mediterranean vineyard, explicitly considering spatial heterogeneity (vineyard rows vs. inter-rows) and seasonal variability (spring vs. summer). Weed surveys and functional trait measurements (vegetative plant height, leaf area, specific leaf area, and leaf dry matter content) were conducted under three irrigation treatments (low: Kc = 0.2; moderate: Kc = 0.4; high: Kc = 0.8). Irrigation significantly modified weed community composition, particularly during the active irrigation period in summer, with effects persisting into the following spring. Increased irrigation consistently boosted total weed cover and favoured competitor species, while stress-tolerant species declined under higher irrigation levels. Functionally, greater water availability promoted resource-acquisitive traits (e.g. higher leaf area and specific leaf area, lower leaf dry matter content). Dominant species, such as Cirsium arvense, exhibited pronounced intraspecific trait plasticity, notably increasing leaf area under high irrigation, underscoring the critical role of trait plasticity in shaping community responses. Functional diversity metrics—functional richness and divergence—increased significantly under high irrigation, particularly within vineyard rows directly receiving water. Moreover, irrigation influenced weed communities beyond directly irrigated areas and periods, demonstrating spatial and temporal legacy effects. Agronomically, our findings demonstrate that increased irrigation levels may intensify weed pressure, highlighting the necessity for irrigation management strategies to incorporate ecological insights into weed community dynamics to achieve an optimal balance between productivity and ecological sustainability.

本研究考察了不同灌溉水平对地中海葡萄园杂草群落组成和功能结构的影响，明确考虑了空间异质性（葡萄园行与行间）和季节变异（春季与夏季）。在低Kc = 0.2、中Kc = 0.4、高Kc = 0.8 3种灌溉处理下进行了杂草调查和功能性状测量（营养株高、叶面积、比叶面积和叶干物质含量）。灌溉显著改变了杂草群落组成，特别是在夏季的积极灌溉期，这种影响将持续到次年春季。增加灌溉持续增加杂草覆盖总量和有利的竞争物种，而耐胁迫物种在高灌溉水平下下降。在功能上，较高的水分有效性促进了资源获取性状（如较高的叶面积和比叶面积，较低的叶干物质含量）。优势种如卷叶草（Cirsium arvense）表现出明显的种内性状可塑性，在高灌溉条件下叶面积显著增加，说明性状可塑性在形成群落响应中的关键作用。功能多样性指标（功能丰富度和多样性）在高灌溉条件下显著增加，特别是在直接接受水的葡萄园行内。此外，灌溉对杂草群落的影响超出了直接灌区和灌期，表现出时空遗留效应。在农艺学上，我们的研究结果表明，灌溉水平的增加可能会加剧杂草的压力，强调灌溉管理策略的必要性，将生态学见解纳入杂草群落动态，以实现生产力和生态可持续性之间的最佳平衡。

{"title":"Irrigation-driven shifts in weed community composition, functional identity, and functional diversity: Evidence from a Mediterranean vineyard","authors":"J. García-Guerra, J. Dorado, J.M. Peña","doi":"10.1016/j.agee.2026.110244","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.agee.2026.110244","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study examines how different irrigation levels influence weed community composition and functional structure in a Mediterranean vineyard, explicitly considering spatial heterogeneity (vineyard rows vs. inter-rows) and seasonal variability (spring vs. summer). Weed surveys and functional trait measurements (vegetative plant height, leaf area, specific leaf area, and leaf dry matter content) were conducted under three irrigation treatments (low: Kc = 0.2; moderate: Kc = 0.4; high: Kc = 0.8). Irrigation significantly modified weed community composition, particularly during the active irrigation period in summer, with effects persisting into the following spring. Increased irrigation consistently boosted total weed cover and favoured competitor species, while stress-tolerant species declined under higher irrigation levels. Functionally, greater water availability promoted resource-acquisitive traits (e.g. higher leaf area and specific leaf area, lower leaf dry matter content). Dominant species, such as <em>Cirsium arvense</em>, exhibited pronounced intraspecific trait plasticity, notably increasing leaf area under high irrigation, underscoring the critical role of trait plasticity in shaping community responses. Functional diversity metrics—functional richness and divergence—increased significantly under high irrigation, particularly within vineyard rows directly receiving water. Moreover, irrigation influenced weed communities beyond directly irrigated areas and periods, demonstrating spatial and temporal legacy effects. Agronomically, our findings demonstrate that increased irrigation levels may intensify weed pressure, highlighting the necessity for irrigation management strategies to incorporate ecological insights into weed community dynamics to achieve an optimal balance between productivity and ecological sustainability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7512,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment","volume":"400 ","pages":"Article 110244"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145974736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Impacts of long-term fertilizer reduction and organic substitution on microbe-mediated multi-nutrient in agricultural ecosystems 长期减肥和有机替代对农业生态系统微生物介导的多养分的影响

IF 6.4 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment

Pub Date : 2026-01-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.agee.2026.110237

Zhenling Li , Jiawei Ying , Xiaokang He , Yangyang Li , Guangchun Shan , Chenghong Feng , Mingjun Ding , Gaoxiang Huang , Jia Liu

Organic amendment addition represents one of the most effective soil organic matter (SOM) sequestration strategies, faced with the dilemma of deepening organic carbon losses due to increased agricultural intensification. However, little is known regarding the impacts of long-term fertilizer reduction and organic substitution on microbe-mediated multi-nutrient (C, N, P, S) in agricultural ecosystems, especially with the alternation of green manure and manure application. Here, the responses of soil physicochemical properties, microbial community structure, and nutrient cycling processes to the application of fertilizer reduction and organic substitution were investigated with metagenome analysis. The results indicated that the content of SOM, pH, available phosphorus, total nitrogen and cation exchange capacity in soils with organic and chemical fertilizer combinations exhibited a significant increase (p < 0.05) compared to soil with chemical fertilizer alone. These drove significant differences in microbial community structure and enrichment in specific archaeal and bacterial groups. Additionally, chemical fertilizer reduction and organic substitution can alter soil nutrient cycling. Specifically, carbon fixation through the Wood-Ljungdahl Pathway was significantly stimulated (p < 0.05) while methanogenesis was significantly inhibited (p < 0.05). The abundance of functional genes responsible for the oxidative generation of sulfate was significantly suppressed (p < 0.05). Notably, organic fertilizers significantly enhance the potential of microorganisms to inorganic phosphorus solubilization and organic phosphorus mineralization while significantly inhibiting their potential for nitrogen fixation and nitrification. The findings underpin a scientific comprehension of agroecosystem health and eco-agriculture.

随着农业集约化程度的提高，土壤有机碳流失加剧，添加有机改良剂是最有效的土壤有机质封存策略之一。然而，长期减肥和有机替代对农业生态系统中微生物介导的多养分（C， N， P， S）的影响，特别是绿肥和粪肥交替施用的影响知之甚少。通过宏基因组分析，研究了土壤理化性质、微生物群落结构和养分循环过程对减肥和有机替代施用的响应。结果表明，有机肥与化肥组合施用土壤的SOM、pH、速效磷、全氮含量和阳离子交换容量均显著高于单施化肥（p <； 0.05）。这导致了特定古细菌和细菌群的微生物群落结构和富集程度的显著差异。此外，化肥减量和有机替代可以改变土壤养分循环。其中，通过Wood-Ljungdahl途径的固碳被显著刺激（p <； 0.05），而产甲烷被显著抑制（p <； 0.05）。硫酸盐氧化生成相关功能基因的丰度被显著抑制（p <； 0.05）。值得注意的是，有机肥显著增强了微生物对无机磷的增溶和有机磷的矿化潜力，而显著抑制了微生物的固氮和硝化潜力。这些发现为科学理解农业生态系统健康和生态农业奠定了基础。

{"title":"Impacts of long-term fertilizer reduction and organic substitution on microbe-mediated multi-nutrient in agricultural ecosystems","authors":"Zhenling Li , Jiawei Ying , Xiaokang He , Yangyang Li , Guangchun Shan , Chenghong Feng , Mingjun Ding , Gaoxiang Huang , Jia Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.agee.2026.110237","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.agee.2026.110237","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Organic amendment addition represents one of the most effective soil organic matter (SOM) sequestration strategies, faced with the dilemma of deepening organic carbon losses due to increased agricultural intensification. However, little is known regarding the impacts of long-term fertilizer reduction and organic substitution on microbe-mediated multi-nutrient (C, N, P, S) in agricultural ecosystems, especially with the alternation of green manure and manure application. Here, the responses of soil physicochemical properties, microbial community structure, and nutrient cycling processes to the application of fertilizer reduction and organic substitution were investigated with metagenome analysis. The results indicated that the content of SOM, pH, available phosphorus, total nitrogen and cation exchange capacity in soils with organic and chemical fertilizer combinations exhibited a significant increase (p < 0.05) compared to soil with chemical fertilizer alone. These drove significant differences in microbial community structure and enrichment in specific archaeal and bacterial groups. Additionally, chemical fertilizer reduction and organic substitution can alter soil nutrient cycling. Specifically, carbon fixation through the Wood-Ljungdahl Pathway was significantly stimulated (p < 0.05) while methanogenesis was significantly inhibited (p < 0.05). The abundance of functional genes responsible for the oxidative generation of sulfate was significantly suppressed (p < 0.05). Notably, organic fertilizers significantly enhance the potential of microorganisms to inorganic phosphorus solubilization and organic phosphorus mineralization while significantly inhibiting their potential for nitrogen fixation and nitrification. The findings underpin a scientific comprehension of agroecosystem health and eco-agriculture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7512,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment","volume":"400 ","pages":"Article 110237"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145974735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Microbial community restructuring under crop rotation: A sustainable strategy to counteract potato monoculture-induced soil degradation in arid ecosystems 作物轮作下的微生物群落重组：干旱生态系统中对抗马铃薯单一栽培引起的土壤退化的可持续战略

IF 6.4 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment

Pub Date : 2026-01-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.agee.2026.110245

Zhitao Li , Jinyong Zhu , Tianbin Shi , Chengwei Gao , Xiaoqiang Qiu , Minmin Bao , Yuanming Li , Zhenzhen Bi , Panfeng Yao , Chao Sun , Huaijun Si , Yuhui Liu , Zhen Liu

Continuous potato monoculture induces soil degradation and yield reduction. While crop rotation alleviates continuous cropping obstacles, its microbial regulatory mechanisms underlying soil quality improvement remain poorly understood. Through field trials in arid and semi-arid regions of Northwest China, we systematically analyzed the effects of five rotation systems (potato - broad bean rotation, PB; potato - maize rotation, PM; potato - fallow, PF; potato - oil flax rotation, PO; and potato - quinoa rotation, PQ) on soil microbial community structure and soil quality, along with tuber yield, with continuous potato cropping (PP) as the control. A Soil Quality Index (SQI) was developed through principal component analysis by integrating multiple soil physicochemical indicators. All rotations significantly increased SQI (21.5 %-37.7 %) and tuber yields by 2.1 %-16.2 % compared to PP, with PO achieving the peak yield enhancement (16.2 %). Random forest modeling identified available phosphorus (AP), potassium (AK), and soil organic matter (SOM) as primary SQI influencing factors. Microbial analysis revealed rotations enriched Acidobacteriota (6.1 %-38.5 %) while reducing Anthophyta abundance (8.8 %-154.2 %). Weighted gene co-expression network analysis demonstrated bacterial networks exhibited higher node complexity but lower connectivity than fungal networks. Key bacterial family (1.1 % of taxa) including Pyrinomonadaceae (positively correlated with TK/AP, r < -0.50, P = 0.01) and Chitinophagaceae (yield-associated, r = 0.52, P = 0.03) were identified by Zi-Pi analysis as microbial indicators of soil fertility and productivity. The superior performance of the potato-oil flax rotation is attributed to enhanced SOM accumulation, improved nutrient availability (AP, AK), and the selective stimulation of functional bacterial groups promoting nutrient cycling. This work advances understanding of rotation-mediated soil remediation by systematically characterizing microbial interaction networks, providing actionable insights for sustainable potato cultivation in arid and semi-arid regions.

马铃薯连续单一栽培导致土壤退化和产量下降。虽然作物轮作减轻了连作障碍，但其土壤质量改善背后的微生物调控机制尚不清楚。通过在西北干旱半干旱区的田间试验，系统分析了以马铃薯连作（PP）为对照，马铃薯-蚕豆轮作（PB）、马铃薯-玉米轮作（PM）、马铃薯-休耕（PF）、马铃薯-油麻轮作（PO）和马铃薯-藜麦轮作（PQ） 5种轮作制度对土壤微生物群落结构、土壤质量和块茎产量的影响。通过主成分分析，综合多种土壤理化指标，建立了土壤质量指数。与PP相比，所有轮作均显著提高了SQI（21.5 %-37.7 %）和块茎产量（2.1 %-16.2 %），其中PO实现了产量的峰值提高（16.2 %）。随机森林模型确定速效磷（AP）、速效钾（AK）和土壤有机质（SOM）是SQI的主要影响因子。微生物分析显示，旋转增加了酸杆菌群（6.1 %-38.5 %），减少了花青菌群（8.8 %-154.2 %）。加权基因共表达网络分析表明，细菌网络比真菌网络具有更高的节点复杂性，但连通性较低。关键细菌家族(1.1 %的分类群),包括Pyrinomonadaceae (TK /美联社呈正相关,r & lt; -0.50,P = 0.01)和Chitinophagaceae (yield-associated, r = 0.52,P = 0.03)被Zi-Pi识别分析微生物的土壤肥力指标和生产力。土豆油亚麻轮作的优异表现可归因于SOM积累增加、养分有效性（AP、AK）提高以及功能性菌群的选择性刺激促进养分循环。这项工作通过系统地表征微生物相互作用网络，促进了对轮作介导的土壤修复的理解，为干旱和半干旱地区的可持续马铃薯种植提供了可行的见解。

{"title":"Microbial community restructuring under crop rotation: A sustainable strategy to counteract potato monoculture-induced soil degradation in arid ecosystems","authors":"Zhitao Li , Jinyong Zhu , Tianbin Shi , Chengwei Gao , Xiaoqiang Qiu , Minmin Bao , Yuanming Li , Zhenzhen Bi , Panfeng Yao , Chao Sun , Huaijun Si , Yuhui Liu , Zhen Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.agee.2026.110245","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.agee.2026.110245","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Continuous potato monoculture induces soil degradation and yield reduction. While crop rotation alleviates continuous cropping obstacles, its microbial regulatory mechanisms underlying soil quality improvement remain poorly understood. Through field trials in arid and semi-arid regions of Northwest China, we systematically analyzed the effects of five rotation systems (potato - broad bean rotation, PB; potato - maize rotation, PM; potato - fallow, PF; potato - oil flax rotation, PO; and potato - quinoa rotation, PQ) on soil microbial community structure and soil quality, along with tuber yield, with continuous potato cropping (PP) as the control. A Soil Quality Index (SQI) was developed through principal component analysis by integrating multiple soil physicochemical indicators. All rotations significantly increased SQI (21.5 %-37.7 %) and tuber yields by 2.1 %-16.2 % compared to PP, with PO achieving the peak yield enhancement (16.2 %). Random forest modeling identified available phosphorus (AP), potassium (AK), and soil organic matter (SOM) as primary SQI influencing factors. Microbial analysis revealed rotations enriched Acidobacteriota (6.1 %-38.5 %) while reducing Anthophyta abundance (8.8 %-154.2 %). Weighted gene co-expression network analysis demonstrated bacterial networks exhibited higher node complexity but lower connectivity than fungal networks. Key bacterial family (1.1 % of taxa) including Pyrinomonadaceae (positively correlated with TK/AP, <em>r</em> < -0.50, <em>P</em> = 0.01) and Chitinophagaceae (yield-associated, <em>r</em> = 0.52, <em>P</em> = 0.03) were identified by <em>Zi-Pi</em> analysis as microbial indicators of soil fertility and productivity. The superior performance of the potato-oil flax rotation is attributed to enhanced SOM accumulation, improved nutrient availability (AP, AK), and the selective stimulation of functional bacterial groups promoting nutrient cycling. This work advances understanding of rotation-mediated soil remediation by systematically characterizing microbial interaction networks, providing actionable insights for sustainable potato cultivation in arid and semi-arid regions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7512,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment","volume":"400 ","pages":"Article 110245"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145974675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Within-field variability in nitrogen losses: A case study in Denmark 氮损失的田间变异性：丹麦的一个案例研究

IF 6.4 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment

Pub Date : 2026-01-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.agee.2025.110201

Jingru Yin , Takashi S.T. Tanaka , Yeying Zhou , Vita Antoniuk , Octavian P. Chiriac , Marco Canicattì , Martina Ludovica Careddu , Davide Cammarano

Nitrogen (N) losses from agricultural fields, through nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions and nitrate (NO₃⁻) leaching, pose environmental risks and reduce agricultural productivity. Understanding the spatial variability within fields is crucial for effective N management. This study aimed to quantify and explain spatial variability in N₂O emissions and NO₃⁻ leaching within a typical agricultural field in Denmark, identifying the key factors influencing this variability. Field measurements were conducted across two growing seasons (2023 and 2024), involving soil, plant, and environmental data collection at 24 and 48 sampling points, respectively. Random forest modeling was employed to analyze feature importance of predictor variables. The study revealed significant spatial variability in N losses. The key influencing factors included topographical features, plant N uptake, and climatic conditions. An inverse relationship was observed between N₂O emissions and NO₃⁻ leaching, indicating a trade-off in N loss pathways. Random forest models explained approximately 30 % of variability for NO₃⁻ leaching (RMSE = 11.32; MAE = 8.89) and N₂O emissions (RMSE = 0.71; MAE = 0.21). These findings underscore the complexity of N loss dynamics and difficulty of the adoption of site-specific management strategies to mitigate environmental impacts and improve N use efficiency.

农业领域的氮(N)损失，通过一氧化二氮（N₂O）排放和硝酸盐（NO₃⁻）淋出，造成环境风险并降低农业生产力。了解农田内的空间变异对有效的氮素管理至关重要。该研究旨在量化和解释丹麦典型农田中N₂O排放和NO₃⁻淋出的空间变异性，确定影响这种变异性的关键因素。野外测量分两个生长季节（2023年和2024年）进行，分别在24个和48个采样点收集土壤、植物和环境数据。采用随机森林模型分析预测变量的特征重要性。研究表明，氮素损失具有显著的空间变异性。主要影响因素包括地形特征、植物氮素吸收和气候条件。在N₂O排放和NO₃⁻淋出之间观察到反比关系，表明在N损失途径中存在权衡。随机森林模型解释了大约30% %的NO₃⁻（RMSE = 11.32; MAE = 8.89）和N₂O排放（RMSE = 0.71; MAE = 0.21）的变异。这些发现强调了氮素流失动态的复杂性，以及采用特定场地的管理策略来减轻环境影响和提高氮素利用效率的难度。

{"title":"Within-field variability in nitrogen losses: A case study in Denmark","authors":"Jingru Yin , Takashi S.T. Tanaka , Yeying Zhou , Vita Antoniuk , Octavian P. Chiriac , Marco Canicattì , Martina Ludovica Careddu , Davide Cammarano","doi":"10.1016/j.agee.2025.110201","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.agee.2025.110201","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nitrogen (N) losses from agricultural fields, through nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions and nitrate (NO₃⁻) leaching, pose environmental risks and reduce agricultural productivity. Understanding the spatial variability within fields is crucial for effective N management. This study aimed to quantify and explain spatial variability in N₂O emissions and NO₃⁻ leaching within a typical agricultural field in Denmark, identifying the key factors influencing this variability. Field measurements were conducted across two growing seasons (2023 and 2024), involving soil, plant, and environmental data collection at 24 and 48 sampling points, respectively. Random forest modeling was employed to analyze feature importance of predictor variables. The study revealed significant spatial variability in N losses. The key influencing factors included topographical features, plant N uptake, and climatic conditions. An inverse relationship was observed between N₂O emissions and NO₃⁻ leaching, indicating a trade-off in N loss pathways. Random forest models explained approximately 30 % of variability for NO₃⁻ leaching (RMSE = 11.32; MAE = 8.89) and N₂O emissions (RMSE = 0.71; MAE = 0.21). These findings underscore the complexity of N loss dynamics and difficulty of the adoption of site-specific management strategies to mitigate environmental impacts and improve N use efficiency.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7512,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment","volume":"400 ","pages":"Article 110201"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145973844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Land use influences prokaryotes more than fungi in adjacent hedgerow soils 土地利用对邻近植物篱土壤中原核生物的影响大于真菌

IF 6.4 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment

Pub Date : 2026-01-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.agee.2026.110238

Luís Felipe Guandalin Zagatto, Valerie L. Kalle, Tanja Bakx-Schotman, Ciska Raaijmakers, Koen J.F. Verhoeven, Dina in 't Zandt, Wim H. van der Putten

Intensive agricultural practices decrease aboveground and belowground biodiversity with an impact on ecosystem functioning. The planting of hedgerows has been advocated as a way to increase biodiversity in agricultural landscapes, but little is known about the effects of the adjacent land use on hedgerow biodiversity. Here, we show that the adjacent agricultural land use influences the composition, structure, and complexity of soil microbial communities underneath hedgerows that have been in place for more than hundred years. In the Maasheggen UNESCO Biosphere Reserve, we examined hedgerows adjacent to three land use types: low-intensity conservation grasslands, high-intensity production grasslands, and croplands. Soil samples were collected from both the center of the fields and underneath two adjacent hedgerows to analyze soil chemistry and microbial community composition, diversity, structure, and complexity. Our results show that hedgerow soils supported more complex and interconnected microbial communities than adjacent fields. Additionally, prokaryotic communities were highly responsive to land use, particularly to arable croplands, and prokaryote composition in hedgerows largely resembled that of the adjacent fields. In contrast, fungal communities consistently differed between hedgerows and adjacent fields, although hedgerows next to croplands hosted a fungal community that differed from hedgerows next to grasslands. We conclude that the community composition of prokaryotes in hedgerow soil was under strong control of adjacent field management, whereas fungal community composition was far less affected. Moreover, hedgerow soils harbored structurally more complex microbial communities than adjacent fields that were used for high-intensity agriculture. Further studies are needed to analyze costs and benefits of hedgerow soils for providing ecosystem services.

集约化农业实践减少了地上和地下生物多样性，影响了生态系统功能。植物篱的种植一直被认为是增加农业景观生物多样性的一种方式，但人们对邻近土地利用对植物篱生物多样性的影响知之甚少。在这里，我们表明邻近的农业用地利用影响了已经存在了100多年的植物篱下土壤微生物群落的组成、结构和复杂性。在联合国教科文组织Maasheggen生物圈保护区，我们研究了三种土地利用类型附近的绿篱：低强度保护草地、高强度生产草地和农田。从农田中心和相邻的两个植物篱下采集土壤样本，分析土壤化学和微生物群落组成、多样性、结构和复杂性。我们的研究结果表明，植物篱土壤比邻近农田支持更复杂和相互联系的微生物群落。此外，原核生物群落对土地利用具有高度的响应，特别是对耕地的响应，并且植物篱中的原核生物组成与邻近农田的原核生物组成基本相似。相比之下，真菌群落在树篱和邻近的田地之间一直存在差异，尽管靠近农田的树篱与靠近草地的树篱拥有不同的真菌群落。综上所述，植物篱土壤中原核生物群落组成受邻近田间管理的强烈控制，而真菌群落组成受影响较小。此外，植物篱土壤的微生物群落结构比邻近的高强度农业用地更复杂。需要进一步的研究来分析植物篱土壤提供生态系统服务的成本和效益。

{"title":"Land use influences prokaryotes more than fungi in adjacent hedgerow soils","authors":"Luís Felipe Guandalin Zagatto, Valerie L. Kalle, Tanja Bakx-Schotman, Ciska Raaijmakers, Koen J.F. Verhoeven, Dina in 't Zandt, Wim H. van der Putten","doi":"10.1016/j.agee.2026.110238","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.agee.2026.110238","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Intensive agricultural practices decrease aboveground and belowground biodiversity with an impact on ecosystem functioning. The planting of hedgerows has been advocated as a way to increase biodiversity in agricultural landscapes, but little is known about the effects of the adjacent land use on hedgerow biodiversity. Here, we show that the adjacent agricultural land use influences the composition, structure, and complexity of soil microbial communities underneath hedgerows that have been in place for more than hundred years. In the Maasheggen UNESCO Biosphere Reserve, we examined hedgerows adjacent to three land use types: low-intensity conservation grasslands, high-intensity production grasslands, and croplands. Soil samples were collected from both the center of the fields and underneath two adjacent hedgerows to analyze soil chemistry and microbial community composition, diversity, structure, and complexity. Our results show that hedgerow soils supported more complex and interconnected microbial communities than adjacent fields. Additionally, prokaryotic communities were highly responsive to land use, particularly to arable croplands, and prokaryote composition in hedgerows largely resembled that of the adjacent fields. In contrast, fungal communities consistently differed between hedgerows and adjacent fields, although hedgerows next to croplands hosted a fungal community that differed from hedgerows next to grasslands. We conclude that the community composition of prokaryotes in hedgerow soil was under strong control of adjacent field management, whereas fungal community composition was far less affected. Moreover, hedgerow soils harbored structurally more complex microbial communities than adjacent fields that were used for high-intensity agriculture. Further studies are needed to analyze costs and benefits of hedgerow soils for providing ecosystem services.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7512,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment","volume":"400 ","pages":"Article 110238"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145974676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Carbon in above- and belowground harvest residues of silage maize under contrasting nutrient regimes 不同营养条件下青贮玉米地上、地下收获残余物的碳含量

IF 6.4 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment

Pub Date : 2026-01-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.agee.2026.110243

Azhar Zhartybayeva , Bent T. Christensen , Jørgen Eriksen , Axel Don , Johannes L. Jensen

Models simulating management-induced changes in soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks in agricultural soils typically rely on crop-specific above- and belowground C inputs based on harvest yields and allometric functions. However, experimental data supporting these functions over a range of yield levels induced by different nutrient regimes are scarce. This study addresses this gap by quantifying above- and belowground harvest residues of silage maize grown in the Askov long-term experiment and subject to mineral fertilizers and animal manure applied at different levels (deficient, suboptimal, optimal, and over-optimal). Two methodological approaches (coring and excavation) were combined to quantify macro-root biomass (≥ 425 µm) in the 0–30 cm soil layer. Nutrient regime had a significant effect on maize harvest yield, but no significant effect on stubble and root biomass C was detected. The measured total above- and belowground C in harvest residues for silage maize grown with suboptimal to over-optimal nutrient supply averaged 1.67 Mg C ha⁻¹ without including rhizodeposition. Based on a single site and one experimental year, our results suggest that soil C models may better rely on fixed C inputs from maize stubble and roots, independent of nutrient regime and harvest yield, rather than on yield-dependent allometrics. Measurements of above- and belowground harvest residues in silage maize are rare, and further studies are needed to verify the estimation of C inputs for soil C modelling.

模拟农业土壤中由管理引起的土壤有机碳储量变化的模型通常依赖于基于收获产量和异速生长函数的特定作物的地上和地下碳输入。然而，在不同营养制度诱导的产量水平范围内支持这些功能的实验数据很少。本研究通过量化在Askov长期试验中种植的青贮玉米的地上和地下收获残留物，并对施用不同水平（不足、次优、最优和过优）的矿物肥料和动物粪便进行处理，解决了这一差距。采用取心和开挖两种方法对0-30 cm土层的宏观根系生物量（≥425 µm）进行量化。营养制度对玉米收获产量有显著影响，但对残茬和根系生物量C无显著影响。在不包括根沉积的情况下，在营养供应次优到过优的青贮玉米收获残留物中测定的地上和地下总碳平均为1.67 Mg C ha - 1。基于单一地点和一个试验年，我们的研究结果表明，土壤C模型可能更好地依赖于玉米残茬和根系的固定C输入，而不依赖于养分制度和收获产量，而不是依赖于产量的异速生长。青贮玉米地上和地下收获残留物的测量很少，需要进一步的研究来验证土壤C模型中C输入的估计。

{"title":"Carbon in above- and belowground harvest residues of silage maize under contrasting nutrient regimes","authors":"Azhar Zhartybayeva , Bent T. Christensen , Jørgen Eriksen , Axel Don , Johannes L. Jensen","doi":"10.1016/j.agee.2026.110243","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.agee.2026.110243","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Models simulating management-induced changes in soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks in agricultural soils typically rely on crop-specific above- and belowground C inputs based on harvest yields and allometric functions. However, experimental data supporting these functions over a range of yield levels induced by different nutrient regimes are scarce. This study addresses this gap by quantifying above- and belowground harvest residues of silage maize grown in the Askov long-term experiment and subject to mineral fertilizers and animal manure applied at different levels (deficient, suboptimal, optimal, and over-optimal). Two methodological approaches (coring and excavation) were combined to quantify macro-root biomass (≥ 425 µm) in the 0–30 cm soil layer. Nutrient regime had a significant effect on maize harvest yield, but no significant effect on stubble and root biomass C was detected. The measured total above- and belowground C in harvest residues for silage maize grown with suboptimal to over-optimal nutrient supply averaged 1.67 Mg C ha<sup>−1</sup> without including rhizodeposition. Based on a single site and one experimental year, our results suggest that soil C models may better rely on fixed C inputs from maize stubble and roots, independent of nutrient regime and harvest yield, rather than on yield-dependent allometrics. Measurements of above- and belowground harvest residues in silage maize are rare, and further studies are needed to verify the estimation of C inputs for soil C modelling.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7512,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment","volume":"400 ","pages":"Article 110243"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145974738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of no-tillage, mulching, drip irrigation, and nitrogen fertilization on greenhouse gas emissions, soil carbon sequestration, and crop yields in dryland agroecosystems: A meta-analysis 免耕、覆盖、滴灌和氮肥对旱地农业生态系统温室气体排放、土壤固碳和作物产量的影响：meta分析

IF 6.4 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment

Pub Date : 2026-01-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.agee.2026.110242

Rahmatullah Hashimi , Girisha K. Ganjegunte , Saurav Kumar , Santosh S. Palmate , Jhaman Das Suthar

Dryland agriculture contributes substantially to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, primarily due to flood irrigation, excessive nitrogen fertilization, and intensive soil disturbance. However, the influence of climate-smart agriculture (CSA) practices in mitigating GHG emissions under dry conditions remains inconsistent. This meta-analysis was conducted by reviewing 87 peer-reviewed papers to assess the impact of CSA practices, such as no-tillage (NT), drip irrigation (DI), plastic mulching (PSM), straw mulching (STM), and nitrogen fertilization (NFY), on soil organic carbon (SOC) content, global warming potential (GWP), GHG intensity (GHGI), and crop yields in arid and semi-arid agroecosystems. DI was the most effective single practice, reducing CO₂, N₂O, GWP, and GHGI by 9.8 %, 54.7 %, 9.5 %, and 10.6 %, respectively. Compared to conventional tillage (CT), NT with straw retention (NTS) significantly increased SOC content by 14.8 % and wheat yield by 5.2 %, while long-term (>5 years) NT reduced GWP and GHGI by 14.2 % and 14.1 %, respectively. Conversely, STM and high NFY rate increased GWP by 27.7 % and 41.5 %, respectively. Although the high NFY rate increased overall crop yield by 70.6 %, indicating at a substantial environmental cost. In contrast, a low NFY rate reduced GHGI by 42.6 %, suggesting a viable mitigation pathway. Overall, these findings underscore a fundamental trade-off between yield and emissions, indicating that integrating precise nutrient management, drip irrigation, and no-tillage with optimized residue retention can provide a synergistic strategy to enhance productivity while simultaneously mitigating GHG emissions in dryland agroecosystems.

旱地农业对温室气体（GHG）排放有很大贡献，主要是由于洪水灌溉、过度施氮和严重的土壤干扰。然而，气候智慧型农业（CSA）实践在减少干旱条件下温室气体排放方面的影响仍然不一致。通过对87篇同行评议论文的荟萃分析，评估了免耕（NT）、滴灌（DI）、地膜（PSM）、秸秆覆盖（STM）和氮肥（NFY）等CSA措施对干旱和半干旱农业生态系统土壤有机碳（SOC）含量、全球变暖潜势（GWP）、温室气体强度（GHGI）和作物产量的影响。DI是最有效的单一做法，分别减少了9.8% %、54.7% %、9.5% %和10.6 %的CO2、N2O、GWP和GHGI。与常规耕作（CT）相比，秸秆还田（NTS）显著提高了土壤有机碳含量（14.8 %）和小麦产量（5.2 %），而长期（>；5年）土壤还田使GWP和GHGI分别降低了14.2 %和14.1 %。相反，STM和高NFY率分别使GWP增加27.7% %和41.5 %。尽管高净产量使作物总产量提高了70.6% %，但这表明付出了巨大的环境代价。相比之下，低NFY率使温室气体排放量减少了42.6% %，这表明存在可行的缓解途径。总的来说，这些发现强调了产量和排放之间的基本权衡，表明将精确的养分管理、滴灌和免耕与优化的残留物保留相结合，可以提供一种协同策略，在提高生产力的同时减少旱地农业生态系统的温室气体排放。

{"title":"Effects of no-tillage, mulching, drip irrigation, and nitrogen fertilization on greenhouse gas emissions, soil carbon sequestration, and crop yields in dryland agroecosystems: A meta-analysis","authors":"Rahmatullah Hashimi , Girisha K. Ganjegunte , Saurav Kumar , Santosh S. Palmate , Jhaman Das Suthar","doi":"10.1016/j.agee.2026.110242","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.agee.2026.110242","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dryland agriculture contributes substantially to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, primarily due to flood irrigation, excessive nitrogen fertilization, and intensive soil disturbance. However, the influence of climate-smart agriculture (CSA) practices in mitigating GHG emissions under dry conditions remains inconsistent. This meta-analysis was conducted by reviewing 87 peer-reviewed papers to assess the impact of CSA practices, such as no-tillage (NT), drip irrigation (DI), plastic mulching (PSM), straw mulching (STM), and nitrogen fertilization (NFY), on soil organic carbon (SOC) content, global warming potential (GWP), GHG intensity (GHGI), and crop yields in arid and semi-arid agroecosystems. DI was the most effective single practice, reducing CO<sub>2</sub>, N<sub>2</sub>O, GWP, and GHGI by 9.8 %, 54.7 %, 9.5 %, and 10.6 %, respectively. Compared to conventional tillage (CT), NT with straw retention (NTS) significantly increased SOC content by 14.8 % and wheat yield by 5.2 %, while long-term (>5 years) NT reduced GWP and GHGI by 14.2 % and 14.1 %, respectively. Conversely, STM and high NFY rate increased GWP by 27.7 % and 41.5 %, respectively. Although the high NFY rate increased overall crop yield by 70.6 %, indicating at a substantial environmental cost. In contrast, a low NFY rate reduced GHGI by 42.6 %, suggesting a viable mitigation pathway. Overall, these findings underscore a fundamental trade-off between yield and emissions, indicating that integrating precise nutrient management, drip irrigation, and no-tillage with optimized residue retention can provide a synergistic strategy to enhance productivity while simultaneously mitigating GHG emissions in dryland agroecosystems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7512,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment","volume":"400 ","pages":"Article 110242"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145973847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The presence of native semi-fossorial herbivores enhances the coupling between species and functional diversity in alpine meadows 原生半穴居食草动物的存在增强了高寒草甸物种与功能多样性之间的耦合

IF 6.4 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment

Pub Date : 2026-01-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.agee.2026.110235

Yuan Yuan Duan, Kun Qin, Yu Chen, Jie Li, Ni Wang, Xiao Dan Sun, Yan Ping Bai, Lin Han Li, Zheng Gang Guo

Restoring biodiversity and ecosystem functionality in degraded alpine grasslands is central to reversing ecological degradation and maintaining ecosystem services. However, despite the increasing recognition of functional diversity as a key driver of ecosystem function, the role of native herbivores in shaping such diversity remains poorly understood. This study evaluated the ecological consequences of the presence of plateau pikas (Ochotona curzoniae) in alpine meadows by comparing plant species diversity, functional diversity, and their relationships with soil properties between presence and absence plots. The results showed that the presence of plateau pikas significantly enhanced plant species richness and functional trait diversity (FAD2, MFAD, FDc), while reducing Pielou’s index and functional divergence (FDiv). It also strengthened the coupling between species and functional species, suggesting enhanced ecological functionality through increased trait complementarity. Plant diversity was primarily driven by soil total potassium and phosphorus in absence plots, whereas soil organic carbon and nitrogen to phosphorus ratio were positively associated with plant diversity, soil total nitrogen, phosphorus, and carbon to phosphorus ratio showed negative associations in presence plots. This indicates that the presence of plateau pikas decouples plant diversity from its original soil nutrient controls, shifting community assembly toward activity-driven processes. These findings highlight plateau pika as a native ecosystem engineer that facilitates biodiversity recovery and functional integration, even as it disrupts traditional soil-vegetation feedbacks. The study emphasizes the need to consider moderate native herbivore activity as a sustainable grassland restoration strategy to enhance biodiversity, ecosystem functionality, and resilience under environmental change.

恢复退化高寒草原的生物多样性和生态系统功能是扭转生态退化和维持生态系统服务的关键。然而，尽管越来越多的人认识到功能多样性是生态系统功能的关键驱动因素，但本地食草动物在形成这种多样性中的作用仍然知之甚少。本研究通过比较高原鼠兔（Ochotona curzoniae）在高寒草甸存在的植物物种多样性、功能多样性及其与土壤性质的关系，评价了高原鼠兔（Ochotona curzoniae）存在的生态后果。结果表明，高原鼠兔的存在显著提高了植物物种丰富度和功能性状多样性（FAD2、MFAD、FDc），降低了Pielou指数和功能分化度（FDiv）。它还加强了物种与功能物种之间的耦合，表明通过增加性状互补性来增强生态功能。土壤有机碳和氮磷比与植物多样性呈显著正相关，土壤全氮、全磷和碳磷比与植物多样性呈显著负相关。这表明高原鼠兔的存在将植物多样性从其原始土壤养分控制中解耦，将群落组装转向活动驱动过程。这些发现突出了高原鼠兔作为原生生态系统工程师，促进生物多样性恢复和功能整合，即使它破坏了传统的土壤-植被反馈。该研究强调，有必要考虑适度的本地食草动物活动作为可持续的草地恢复策略，以增强环境变化下的生物多样性、生态系统功能和恢复力。

{"title":"The presence of native semi-fossorial herbivores enhances the coupling between species and functional diversity in alpine meadows","authors":"Yuan Yuan Duan, Kun Qin, Yu Chen, Jie Li, Ni Wang, Xiao Dan Sun, Yan Ping Bai, Lin Han Li, Zheng Gang Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.agee.2026.110235","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.agee.2026.110235","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Restoring biodiversity and ecosystem functionality in degraded alpine grasslands is central to reversing ecological degradation and maintaining ecosystem services. However, despite the increasing recognition of functional diversity as a key driver of ecosystem function, the role of native herbivores in shaping such diversity remains poorly understood. This study evaluated the ecological consequences of the presence of plateau pikas (<em>Ochotona curzoniae</em>) in alpine meadows by comparing plant species diversity, functional diversity, and their relationships with soil properties between presence and absence plots. The results showed that the presence of plateau pikas significantly enhanced plant species richness and functional trait diversity (FAD2, MFAD, FDc), while reducing <em>Pielou’s</em> index and functional divergence (FDiv). It also strengthened the coupling between species and functional species, suggesting enhanced ecological functionality through increased trait complementarity. Plant diversity was primarily driven by soil total potassium and phosphorus in absence plots, whereas soil organic carbon and nitrogen to phosphorus ratio were positively associated with plant diversity, soil total nitrogen, phosphorus, and carbon to phosphorus ratio showed negative associations in presence plots. This indicates that the presence of plateau pikas decouples plant diversity from its original soil nutrient controls, shifting community assembly toward activity-driven processes. These findings highlight plateau pika as a native ecosystem engineer that facilitates biodiversity recovery and functional integration, even as it disrupts traditional soil-vegetation feedbacks. The study emphasizes the need to consider moderate native herbivore activity as a sustainable grassland restoration strategy to enhance biodiversity, ecosystem functionality, and resilience under environmental change.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7512,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment","volume":"400 ","pages":"Article 110235"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145974737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of soil management intensity and soil type on the community assembly and functional potential of soil phosphorus cycling microbes 土壤管理强度和土壤类型对土壤磷循环微生物群落组成和功能势的影响

IF 6.4 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment

Pub Date : 2026-01-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.agee.2026.110236

Xianwen Long , Xionghui Liao , Jiangnan Li , Wenjun Zhang , Jiachen Wang , Wei Zhang , Kelin Wang , Jie Zhao

Revealing the community assembly process of soil phosphorus (P) cycling microbes is conducive to a better understanding of soil P-cycling processes in agricultural ecosystems. Previous studies have documented that soil microbial diversity or community composition drives soil P cycling. However, little is known about how agricultural management intensity and soil type affect community assembly processes of P-cycling microbes and the related microbial functional potential. Here, four typical agricultural land use types with a gradient of management intensity in both calcareous and red soils were selected in southwest China, including pasture, sugarcane farmland, rice paddy fields, and maize cropland (from low to high management intensity). The results showed that the abundance of the total P-cycling, P-solubilization, P-mineralization, and P-transporter gene in calcareous soil was significantly higher than that in red soil. Agricultural management practice and soil type significantly affected the P-cycling microbial community structure, with tillage frequency, herbicide application frequency, and soil pH being the main influencing factors. Stochastic processes dominated the P-cycling microbial community assembly in both calcareous and red soils, and the stochastic processes were more predominant in calcareous soil than in red soil. The relative importance of stochastic assembly processes increased with agricultural management intensity. In particular, fertilization frequency, pesticide, and herbicide application frequency were the key predictors of stochastic processes of P-cycling microbes. Intensive agricultural management reduced the abundance of total P-cycling, P-solubilization, and P-transporter functional genes across different land use types and soil types but promoted the abundance of P-starvation regulation genes. In particular, we found that the relationship between taxonomic and functional diversity of P-cycling microbes was controlled by deterministic factors (e.g., soil pH and TP), and high stochastic processes will decouple the relationship between the taxonomic and functional diversity of P-cycling microbes. Overall, these findings strengthen our understanding of the community structure and functional potential of P-cycling microbes under different soil types and agricultural management practices.

揭示土壤磷循环微生物群落组装过程有助于更好地理解农业生态系统土壤磷循环过程。以往的研究表明，土壤微生物多样性或群落组成驱动土壤磷循环。然而，农业管理强度和土壤类型对磷循环微生物群落组装过程和相关微生物功能潜力的影响尚不清楚。本文选取了西南地区钙质和红壤4种典型农业用地类型，分别为牧场、甘蔗田、稻田和玉米田（从低到高管理强度）。结果表明：钙质土壤全磷循环、全磷增溶、全磷矿化和全磷转运基因丰度显著高于红壤；农业管理方式和土壤类型显著影响磷循环微生物群落结构，以耕作频率、除草剂施用频率和土壤pH值为主要影响因素。随机过程在钙质土和红壤中均占主导地位，且随机过程在钙质土中比在红壤中更占优势。随机装配过程的相对重要性随着农业经营强度的增加而增加。其中，施肥频率、农药和除草剂使用频率是磷循环微生物随机过程的关键预测因子。集约化农业管理降低了全磷循环、全磷溶解和全磷转运功能基因在不同土地利用类型和土壤类型中的丰度，但提高了缺磷调控基因的丰度。特别是，我们发现磷循环微生物的分类多样性和功能多样性之间的关系受到确定性因素（如土壤pH和TP）的控制，高度随机过程将解耦磷循环微生物的分类多样性和功能多样性之间的关系。总的来说，这些发现加强了我们对不同土壤类型和农业管理措施下磷循环微生物群落结构和功能潜力的认识。

{"title":"Effects of soil management intensity and soil type on the community assembly and functional potential of soil phosphorus cycling microbes","authors":"Xianwen Long , Xionghui Liao , Jiangnan Li , Wenjun Zhang , Jiachen Wang , Wei Zhang , Kelin Wang , Jie Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.agee.2026.110236","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.agee.2026.110236","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Revealing the community assembly process of soil phosphorus (P) cycling microbes is conducive to a better understanding of soil P-cycling processes in agricultural ecosystems. Previous studies have documented that soil microbial diversity or community composition drives soil P cycling. However, little is known about how agricultural management intensity and soil type affect community assembly processes of P-cycling microbes and the related microbial functional potential. Here, four typical agricultural land use types with a gradient of management intensity in both calcareous and red soils were selected in southwest China, including pasture, sugarcane farmland, rice paddy fields, and maize cropland (from low to high management intensity). The results showed that the abundance of the total P-cycling, P-solubilization, P-mineralization, and P-transporter gene in calcareous soil was significantly higher than that in red soil. Agricultural management practice and soil type significantly affected the P-cycling microbial community structure, with tillage frequency, herbicide application frequency, and soil pH being the main influencing factors. Stochastic processes dominated the P-cycling microbial community assembly in both calcareous and red soils, and the stochastic processes were more predominant in calcareous soil than in red soil. The relative importance of stochastic assembly processes increased with agricultural management intensity. In particular, fertilization frequency, pesticide, and herbicide application frequency were the key predictors of stochastic processes of P-cycling microbes. Intensive agricultural management reduced the abundance of total P-cycling, P-solubilization, and P-transporter functional genes across different land use types and soil types but promoted the abundance of P-starvation regulation genes. In particular, we found that the relationship between taxonomic and functional diversity of P-cycling microbes was controlled by deterministic factors (e.g., soil pH and TP), and high stochastic processes will decouple the relationship between the taxonomic and functional diversity of P-cycling microbes. Overall, these findings strengthen our understanding of the community structure and functional potential of P-cycling microbes under different soil types and agricultural management practices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7512,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment","volume":"400 ","pages":"Article 110236"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145962562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Phosphorus limitation drives aggregate-scale variations in microbial carbon use efficiency during grassland restoration: A stoichiometric regulation 磷限制驱动草地恢复过程中微生物碳利用效率的总尺度变化：一个化学计量调控

IF 6.4 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment

Pub Date : 2026-01-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.agee.2026.110241

Zhenfeng Zang , Yingxue Li , Fuhao Tang , Shujuan Deng , Ke Yang , Jinghui Li , Yang Lv , Wei Zhao

Microbial carbon use efficiency (CUE) regulates the allocation of assimilated carbon between microbial biomass production and respiration during grassland restoration; however, its aggregate-scale drivers remain unclear. We investigated how phosphorus limitation affects microbial CUE across different aggregate fractions during a 45-year restoration chronosequence on the Loess Plateau of China. Soil samples were separated into large macroaggregates (LMA, >2 mm), small macroaggregates (SMA, 0.25–2 mm), and microaggregates (MI, <0.25 mm). Enzyme stoichiometry vector analysis indicated consistent shifts from carbon to phosphorus limitation across all aggregate fractions as restoration progressed. Despite these convergent metabolic constraints, CUE exhibited aggregate-specific dynamics: LMA showed continuous decline (24 % reduction), SMA displayed a U-shaped response (initially decreasd significantly by 36 %, followed by a significant recovery), while MI maintained relatively stable CUE throughout the chronosequence. Structural equation modeling demonstrated that microbial biomass C:N ratio was the primary positive driver of CUE in large macroaggregates, whereas the dissolved organic carbon: available nitrogen ratio negatively influenced CUE in both small macro- and microaggregates. Our results demonstrate that soil aggregate architecture fundamentally mediates stoichiometric imbalances and microbial metabolism during ecosystem restoration. The adverse correlation between phosphorus limitation and CUE in LMA contrasts with adaptive responses in SMA, underscoring the necessity of considering microhabitat-specific constraints when predicting soil carbon dynamics, which has implications for optimizing restoration practices to enhance soil carbon sequestration.

草地恢复过程中微生物碳利用效率（CUE）调节了同化碳在微生物生物量生产和呼吸之间的分配；然而，其总体规模的驱动因素仍不清楚。在45年的恢复时间序列中，我们研究了磷限制对黄土高原不同团聚体组分微生物CUE的影响。土壤样品被分为大团聚体（LMA, >2 mm）、小团聚体（SMA, 0.25 - 2 mm）和微团聚体（MI, <0.25 mm）。酶化学计量矢量分析表明，随着恢复的进展，所有团聚体分数从碳限制到磷限制的一致转变。尽管存在这些趋同性代谢限制，但CUE表现出聚集特异性动态：LMA呈持续下降（降低24% %），SMA呈u型反应（最初显著下降36% %，随后显著恢复），而MI在整个时间序列中保持相对稳定的CUE。结构方程模型表明，微生物生物量C:N比是大团聚体中CUE的主要正向驱动因素，而溶解有机碳：速效氮比对小团聚体和微团聚体中的CUE均有负向影响。研究结果表明，土壤团聚体结构从根本上调节了生态系统恢复过程中的化学计量失衡和微生物代谢。LMA中磷限制与CUE的负相关与SMA中的适应性响应形成对比，强调了在预测土壤碳动态时考虑微生境特定约束的必要性，这对优化恢复措施以增强土壤碳固存具有重要意义。

{"title":"Phosphorus limitation drives aggregate-scale variations in microbial carbon use efficiency during grassland restoration: A stoichiometric regulation","authors":"Zhenfeng Zang , Yingxue Li , Fuhao Tang , Shujuan Deng , Ke Yang , Jinghui Li , Yang Lv , Wei Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.agee.2026.110241","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.agee.2026.110241","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microbial carbon use efficiency (CUE) regulates the allocation of assimilated carbon between microbial biomass production and respiration during grassland restoration; however, its aggregate-scale drivers remain unclear. We investigated how phosphorus limitation affects microbial CUE across different aggregate fractions during a 45-year restoration chronosequence on the Loess Plateau of China. Soil samples were separated into large macroaggregates (LMA, >2 mm), small macroaggregates (SMA, 0.25–2 mm), and microaggregates (MI, <0.25 mm). Enzyme stoichiometry vector analysis indicated consistent shifts from carbon to phosphorus limitation across all aggregate fractions as restoration progressed. Despite these convergent metabolic constraints, CUE exhibited aggregate-specific dynamics: LMA showed continuous decline (24 % reduction), SMA displayed a U-shaped response (initially decreasd significantly by 36 %, followed by a significant recovery), while MI maintained relatively stable CUE throughout the chronosequence. Structural equation modeling demonstrated that microbial biomass C:N ratio was the primary positive driver of CUE in large macroaggregates, whereas the dissolved organic carbon: available nitrogen ratio negatively influenced CUE in both small macro- and microaggregates. Our results demonstrate that soil aggregate architecture fundamentally mediates stoichiometric imbalances and microbial metabolism during ecosystem restoration. The adverse correlation between phosphorus limitation and CUE in LMA contrasts with adaptive responses in SMA, underscoring the necessity of considering microhabitat-specific constraints when predicting soil carbon dynamics, which has implications for optimizing restoration practices to enhance soil carbon sequestration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7512,"journal":{"name":"Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment","volume":"400 ","pages":"Article 110241"},"PeriodicalIF":6.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145962093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0