Agricultural Water Management最新文献_第7页

Optimal groundwater depth thresholds for sunflower in salt-affected farmland: A process-based modeling approach across hydrological years in the Hetao Irrigation District 盐渍化农田向日葵最佳地下水深度阈值：河套灌区水文年过程模拟方法

IF 6.5 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Agricultural Water Management

Pub Date : 2026-03-31 Epub Date: 2026-01-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.agwat.2026.110181

Zhipeng Wang , Xiangping Wang , Yuhang Wang , Changcheng He , Zhang Wen , Yulong Jiang , Wenping Xie , Xuan Yu , Rongjiang Yao

In arid and semi-arid regions with shallow groundwater, soil salinization, water scarcity, and deterioration water quality are major constraints to regional agricultural development. Determining optimal groundwater depth (GWD) is essential for conserving water resources, controlling resalinization, and sustaining crop yields. However, it is not feasible to evaluate the results under various scenarios solely through field experiments. This study addresses this gap by integrating field experiments (2023–2024) with the agro-hydrological & chemical and systems simulator (AHC) to optimize GWD for sunflower cultivation under varying hydrological years and groundwater salinity in the Hetao Irrigation District (HID), China. The calibrated model simulated root zone water-salt dynamics and crop responses across scenarios, with multi-objective optimization (NSGA-II) deriving Pareto-optimal solutions for yield and salinity control. The results indicated that root zone bottom flux decreases with rising GWD, with upward water flux approaching zero at about 3 m depth and upward salt flux approaching zero at 1.5–1.9 m depth, respectively. The final yield of sunflowers was negatively correlated with groundwater mineralization, though this dependence weakens at deeper GWD (>1.8 m). The optimal GWDs for sunflower growth under dry, normal, and wet hydrological years with pre-sowing spring irrigation and rainfed conditions during the growth period were approximately 1.18–1.28 m, 1.23–1.32 m, and 1.37–1.45 m, respectively. These results demonstrate GWD’s pivotal role in regulating farmland water-salt distribution, with derived thresholds enabling sunflower production while reducing root-zone salt accumulation.

在地下水较浅的干旱半干旱区，土壤盐渍化、水资源短缺和水质恶化是制约区域农业发展的主要因素。确定最佳地下水深度（GWD）对于节约水资源、控制再盐化和维持作物产量至关重要。然而，仅仅通过现场试验来评价各种情景下的结果是不可行的。本研究通过将田间试验（2023-2024年）与农业水文化学与系统模拟器（AHC）相结合，优化了中国河套灌区不同水文年和地下水盐度下向日葵种植的GWD。校正后的模型模拟了不同情景下根区水盐动态和作物响应，并通过多目标优化（NSGA-II）获得了产量和盐度控制的帕累托最优解。结果表明：根区底部通量随着GWD的增大而减小，在3 m深度处向上的水通量接近于零，在1.5 ~ 1.9 m深度处向上的盐通量接近于零。向日葵的最终产量与地下水矿化度呈负相关，但这种相关性在较深的GWD处减弱（>1.8 m）。在干旱、正常和湿润水文年，在播种前春灌和雨养条件下，向日葵生长的最佳GWDs分别约为1.18 ~ 1.28 m、1.23 ~ 1.32 m和1.37 ~ 1.45 m。这些结果表明GWD在调节农田水盐分布中起着关键作用，其导出的阈值有利于向日葵的生产，同时减少根区盐积累。

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引用次数: 0

Optimizing maize canopy structure to enhance resource use efficiency in maize-soybean intercropping systems 优化玉米冠层结构提高玉米-大豆间作系统资源利用效率

IF 6.5 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Agricultural Water Management

Pub Date : 2026-03-31 Epub Date: 2026-01-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.agwat.2026.110161

Shiming Duan , Bin Du , Wencong Chen , Shichao Chen , Qi Liao , Manoj Shukla , Taisheng Du

In water-limited regions, optimizing irrigation is fundamental to the sustainability of maize-soybean intercropping. However, the synergistic mechanisms through which irrigation modulates canopy structure to alleviate interspecific light competition and enhance water productivity remain poorly understood. This study investigated the ecophysiological responses of the intercropping system to the interplay between maize canopy architectures and deficit irrigation strategies. A two-year field experiment was conducted in northwest China, a representative arid region. The sole cropping treatments included compact maize (M1), spreading maize (M2), and shade-tolerant soybean (S), while the intercropping treatments comprised M1S and M2S. Based on the traditional irrigation (full irrigation for both maize and soybean), single-crop deficit irrigation and dual-crop deficit irrigation strategies were implemented. Results showed that the compact maize architecture inherently improved light transmittance (Tau, +30.3 %), boosting photosynthetically active radiation (PAR, +20.8 %) and net photosynthetic rate (Pn, +13.9 %) for intercropped soybean. More significantly, the "maize-full, soybean-deficit" irrigation strategy synergistically modulated maize morphology, further increasing its canopy Tau by 19.0 %. This architectural modification amplified PAR for soybean by 40.9 % and its Pn by 46.4 %, effectively mitigating light competition and balancing interspecific aggressivity (Ams ≈ 0). Critically, this integrated strategy achieved substantial water savings (9.4–16.6 % less irrigation) without compromising system yield, while significantly increasing irrigation water productivity (IWP, +10.2 %) and water equivalent ratio (WER, +13.7 %). Our findings demonstrate that synergistic regulation of canopy architecture via precision irrigation is a potent strategy for achieving water-saving and high-yield goals in intercropping systems, offering a valuable paradigm for sustainable agriculture in arid zones globally.

在缺水地区，优化灌溉对玉米-大豆间作的可持续性至关重要。然而，灌溉调节冠层结构以缓解种间光竞争和提高水分生产力的协同机制仍不清楚。研究了间作制度对玉米冠层结构与亏缺灌溉策略相互作用的生理生态响应。在具有代表性的西北干旱区进行了为期两年的田间试验。单作处理包括密实玉米（M1）、铺布玉米（M2）和耐荫大豆(S)，间作处理包括M1S和M2S。在传统灌溉方式（玉米和大豆全灌）的基础上，实施单亏灌和双亏灌策略。结果表明，紧凑的玉米结构内在地提高了间作大豆的透光率（Tau, +30.3 %），提高了光合有效辐射（PAR, +20.8 %）和净光合速率（Pn, +13.9 %）。更显著的是，“满玉米亏大豆”灌溉策略协同调节了玉米形态，进一步增加了19.0 %的冠层Tau。这种结构修饰使大豆的PAR和Pn分别提高了40.9 %和46.4 %，有效地缓解了光竞争，平衡了种间攻击性（Ams≈0）。关键是，这种综合策略在不影响系统产量的情况下实现了大量节水（灌溉减少9.4-16.6 %），同时显著提高了灌溉水生产率（IWP, +10.2 %）和水当量比（WER, +13.7 %）。我们的研究结果表明，通过精确灌溉对冠层结构进行协同调节是实现间作系统节水高产目标的有效策略，为全球干旱地区的可持续农业提供了有价值的范例。

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引用次数: 0

The dominant effect of atmospheric drought on carbon and water fluxes in Central Asia and the response of critical thresholds 大气干旱对中亚地区碳和水通量的主导效应及临界阈值的响应

IF 6.5 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Agricultural Water Management

Pub Date : 2026-03-31 Epub Date: 2026-01-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.agwat.2026.110180

Heran Yahefujiang , Jie Zou , Wulala Tangjialeke , Jianli Ding , Yue Cao , Yue Xu , Shiqi An

In the context of global climate change, the severity and frequency of drought events are on the rise. Compound droughts, marked by both soil aridity and atmospheric dry conditions, exert significant effects on how terrestrial ecosystems operate. As a crucial ecological trait, ecosystem Water Use Efficiency (WUE) denotes the interrelationship between the carbon cycle and the water cycle. Therefore, understanding the respective impacts of soil drought and atmospheric drought on WUE, as well as their critical thresholds, is essential for predicting drought risks. The present study employs multi-source remote sensing datasets covering 2001–2023, integrates binning-based decoupling approaches and threshold detection techniques, and quantitatively assesses the independent impacts of soil and atmospheric drought on WUE across Central Asia, while identifying the threshold responses of WUE to these drought stressors. Major outcomes are summarized as follows: (1) In the majority of Central Asian territories, Vapor Pressure Deficit (VPD) represents the dominant factor regulating WUE, covering approximately 88.06 % of the regional extent. Across different drought intensities, vegetation types, latitudes, and elevation gradients, VPD consistently emerges as the key driver of WUE; (2) Approximately 15 % of the region exhibits a critical threshold response of WUE to atmospheric drought, with notable spatial heterogeneity. On average, the critical transition of WUE corresponds to the 80th percentile of VPD. This research offers a theoretical basis to support drought evaluation and ecological rehabilitation initiatives across Central Asia.

在全球气候变化的背景下，干旱事件的严重程度和频率都在上升。以土壤干旱和大气干旱为特征的复合干旱对陆地生态系统的运作方式产生重大影响。生态系统水分利用效率（WUE）是一项重要的生态性状，反映了碳循环与水循环之间的相互关系。因此，了解土壤干旱和大气干旱对水分利用效率的影响及其临界阈值，对预测干旱风险至关重要。本研究采用2001-2023年多源遥感数据集，结合基于分类的解耦方法和阈值检测技术，定量评估中亚地区土壤和大气干旱对水分利用效率的独立影响，并确定水分利用效率对这些干旱胁迫的阈值响应。主要结果如下：(1)在中亚大部分地区，水汽压亏缺（VPD）是水分利用效率的主导因子，约占区域面积的88.06% %。在不同干旱强度、植被类型、纬度和海拔梯度下，VPD始终是WUE的关键驱动因素；(2)约15% %的区域水分利用效率对大气干旱具有临界阈值响应，且空间异质性显著。平均而言，WUE的临界转变对应于VPD的第80个百分位数。该研究为中亚地区干旱评价和生态恢复提供了理论依据。

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引用次数: 0

A global meta-analysis of the effects of irrigation with water containing salts on saline-alkali soils 含盐水灌溉对盐碱地影响的全球荟萃分析

IF 6.5 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Agricultural Water Management

Pub Date : 2026-03-31 Epub Date: 2026-02-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.agwat.2026.110202

Xiang Qiao , Zhixin Hao , Haolong Liu , Yang Liu

Irrigation with water containing salts offers promise for alleviating freshwater shortages in saline-alkali regions but presents a trade-off: excessive salt accumulation may induce crop stress, risking agricultural sustainability. Achieving a sustainable balance requires a comprehensive understanding of the interactions among evapotranspiration, soil salinity, soil type, precipitation, groundwater dynamics, crop selection, and irrigation management. In this study, we synthesized data from 81 published articles (1023 paired observations) to assess the effects of irrigation with water containing salts on soil electrical conductivity (EC), soil moisture content (SMC), and crop yield in saline-alkali soils under various environmental conditions and agronomic management practices. Results showed that, compared to freshwater irrigation, irrigation with water containing salts significantly increased soil EC by 26.86 % and SMC by 8.85 %, while reducing crop yield by 21.99 %. Further analysis of categorical variables revealed that freezing saline water irrigation (FSWI) contributed to moisture retention and salt suppression, thereby mitigating yield loss (soil EC: −23.49 %, SMC: 8.64 %, crop yield: −11.59 %). Minimal yield reductions were also observed under specific conditions, including mean annual temperature (MAT) below 10°C, groundwater depth > 1.5 m, irrigation water quantity ranged from 50 % to 75 % of ET₀, and salt-tolerant crop type (e.g., cotton). The Boosted Regression Tree (BRT) model analysis further identified irrigation water salinity, MAT, irrigation water quantity, soil texture and crop type as the key factors regulating crop responses to irrigation with salty water. These findings provide valuable insights into optimizing irrigation strategies for water containing salts, supporting a scientific basis for sustainable agricultural management in saline-alkali regions.

用含盐水进行灌溉有望缓解盐碱区的淡水短缺，但也带来了一种权衡：过量的盐积累可能导致作物压力，危及农业的可持续性。实现可持续平衡需要全面了解蒸散、土壤盐度、土壤类型、降水、地下水动态、作物选择和灌溉管理之间的相互作用。在本研究中，我们综合了81篇已发表论文（1023对观测）的数据，评估了不同环境条件和农艺管理措施下含盐水灌溉对盐碱地土壤电导率（EC）、土壤含水量（SMC）和作物产量的影响。结果表明，与淡水灌溉相比，含盐灌溉可显著提高土壤EC（26.86 %）和SMC(8.85 %)，降低作物产量（21.99 %）。进一步的分类变量分析表明，冷冻盐水灌溉（FSWI）有助于保持水分和抑制盐分，从而减轻产量损失（土壤EC:−23.49 %,SMC: 8.64 %，作物产量：−11.59 %）。在特定条件下也观察到最小的产量下降，包括年平均温度（MAT）低于10°C，地下水深度>； 1.5 m，灌溉水量为ET 0的50% %至75% %，以及耐盐作物类型（如棉花）。通过增强回归树（boosting Regression Tree， BRT）模型分析，进一步确定了灌溉水盐度、MAT、灌溉水水量、土壤质地和作物类型是调节作物对盐水灌溉响应的关键因素。这些发现为优化含盐水的灌溉策略提供了有价值的见解，为盐碱区可持续农业管理提供了科学依据。

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引用次数: 0

Do agricultural large-scale operations reduce agricultural pollution? Mechanisms and spatial evidence from fertilizer-pesticide use in 280 Chinese cities 农业规模化经营能减少农业污染吗？中国280个城市化肥农药使用机制及空间证据

IF 6.5 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Agricultural Water Management

Pub Date : 2026-03-31 Epub Date: 2026-02-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.agwat.2026.110188

Xianpeng Guo , Jing Li , Xiaoyan Liu , Yang Liu

Green agricultural development is essential for building a sustainable and ecologically responsible farming sector. However, fragmented operations, factor misallocation, and technological gaps make it increasingly difficult to reduce agricultural pollution (AP), even though agricultural large-scale operations (ALO) offer a promising pathway for mitigation. Despite this potential, the literature remains divided on whether scaling necessarily lowers pollution, through which mechanisms it operates, and whether cross-regional spillovers exist—particularly due to limited city-level evidence. Grounded in economies-of-scale and negative-externality frameworks, this study evaluates the direct impacts and transmission channels of ALO on AP using panel data for 280 Chinese cities from 2003 to 2023.The results reveal three main findings. First, greater ALO significantly reduces AP: a one-unit increase in ALO is associated with a 0.018-unit decline in AP. Second, ALO suppresses AP through demographic, economic, and technological mechanisms: a one-unit rise in ALO decreases rural population size by 0.014 units, increases agricultural insurance income by 0.589 units, and expands technology application by 0.019 units. Third, ALO generates notable spatial spillovers. Each one-unit increase in ALO reduces local AP by 0.020 units and AP in neighboring cities by 0.048 units, producing a total reduction of 0.068 units.Overall, this study provides policy-relevant insights into how expanding ALO can effectively mitigate AP and promote green agricultural development.

绿色农业发展对建设可持续和生态负责任的农业部门至关重要。然而，分散经营、要素配置不当和技术差距使得减少农业污染（AP）越来越困难，尽管农业大规模经营（ALO）提供了一个有希望的缓解途径。尽管存在这种潜力，但对于规模化是否一定会降低污染、通过何种机制起作用、以及跨区域溢出效应是否存在——特别是由于有限的城市层面证据——文献仍然存在分歧。本研究基于规模经济和负外部性框架，利用2003 - 2023年中国280个城市的面板数据，评估了农民工对农业生产的直接影响及其传导渠道。研究结果揭示了三个主要发现。首先，较高的ALO显著降低了AP: ALO每增加1个单位，AP就会下降0.018个单位。其次，ALO通过人口、经济和技术机制抑制AP: ALO每增加1个单位，农村人口规模减少0.014个单位，农业保险收入增加0.589个单位，技术应用扩大0.019个单位。三是空间溢出效应显著。ALO每增加1个单位，本地AP减少0.020个单位，邻近城市AP减少0.048个单位，总共减少0.068个单位。总体而言，本研究提供了政策相关的见解，以了解扩大农业生产规模如何有效缓解AP并促进绿色农业发展。

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引用次数: 0

Greenhouse-aged biochar increases nitrogen removal in riparian soils: Disentangling abiotic and biotic controls 温室老化的生物炭增加了河岸土壤中的氮去除：解开非生物和生物控制

IF 6.5 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Agricultural Water Management

Pub Date : 2026-03-31 Epub Date: 2026-01-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.agwat.2026.110174

Yucui Bi , Fuxing Liu , Zishi Fu , Hongxia Qiao , Shanliang Liu , Junli Wang

Riparian zones play a crucial role in mitigating agricultural nitrogen (N) pollution. Biochar is considered a promising tool to remove N from agricultural soils; however, few studies have investigated N removal and its underlying mechanisms when riparian soils are amended with biochar. Biochar effectiveness differs depending on whether it is fresh or aged biochar. Previous studies mainly investigated artificial aging methods, such as chemical oxidation and freeze-thaw cycling. Very few examined biochar naturally aged in a greenhouse. In this study, N removal, the water parameters, soil properties, functional groups, and N-cycling microorganisms were determined after differently aged biochar (i.e., fresh (FBC), greenhouse-aged (GBC), and soil-aged biochar (SBC)) had been applied. The total nitrogen (TN) removal efficiency increased in all the biochar treatments, with the highest increment found in the GBC treatment and the lowest in the SBC treatment. This was attributed to increased ammonium (NH₄⁺-N) adsorption by the abundant oxygen-containing functional groups in GBC. Additionally, higher nitrite (NO₂^–-N) concentrations and an increased cation exchange capacity (CEC) following GBC application promoted the proliferation of microorganisms involved in ammonia oxidation, assimilatory nitrate reduction, and denitrification, thereby enhancing TN removal efficiency. Conversely, the lower DOC and NO₂^–-N levels, and the reduced CEC in SBC-amended soil constrained the growth of these microorganisms and decreased their contribution towards TN removal efficiency. These results improve understanding about FBC, GBC, and SBC effects on N removal in riparian zones and GBC could potentially be used to reduce the N pollution entering riparian zones.

河岸带在缓解农业氮素污染中起着至关重要的作用。生物炭被认为是从农业土壤中去除氮的一种很有前途的工具；然而，很少有研究调查了生物炭对河岸土壤的氮去除及其潜在机制。生物炭的有效性取决于它是新鲜的还是陈年的生物炭。以往的研究主要采用化学氧化、冻融循环等人工老化方法。很少有人研究在温室中自然老化的生物炭。在本研究中，测定了施用不同老化生物炭(新鲜生物炭（FBC）、温室老化生物炭（GBC）和土壤老化生物炭（SBC）后的N去除率、水参数、土壤性质、官能团和N循环微生物。所有生物炭处理的总氮（TN）去除率均有提高，以GBC处理的增幅最高，SBC处理的增幅最低。这是由于GBC中丰富的含氧官能团增加了铵（NH4+-N）的吸附。此外，施用GBC后，较高的亚硝酸盐（NO2—N）浓度和增加的阳离子交换容量（CEC）促进了参与氨氧化、同化性硝酸盐还原和反硝化的微生物的增殖，从而提高了TN的去除效率。相反，sbc改良土壤中较低的DOC和NO2——N水平以及较低的CEC限制了这些微生物的生长，降低了它们对TN去除效率的贡献。这些结果有助于了解FBC、GBC和SBC对河岸带氮去除的影响，GBC可能用于减少进入河岸带的氮污染。

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引用次数: 0

A dynamic intertemporal optimization approach to assess water scarcity costs and long-term adaptation investments for enhancing irrigation system resilience 动态跨期优化方法评估水资源短缺成本和提高灌溉系统恢复力的长期适应投资

IF 6.5 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Agricultural Water Management

Pub Date : 2026-03-31 Epub Date: 2026-02-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.agwat.2026.110209

Maksud B. Bekchanov

Increasing water scarcity due to global warming and growing water demand over time poses a significant threat to agricultural income and rural livelihoods in arid and semiarid regions worldwide. Common tools based on static optimization or myopic simulations support the policies that focus on short-term gains but cannot address the long-term investment needs for sustainable water and food system transformations. This study develops a dynamic intertemporal optimization model to contribute to the assessment of long-term investment pathways for enhancing the resilience of water systems under growing environmental challenges. The model was applied for the analysis of water scarcity and climate damage costs, proactive endogenous technology change and intertemporally optimal investments in irrigation system transition. The practical relevance of the model was demonstrated by a numerical application in the case of Uzbekistan (in Central Asia), which may face about 13.8 % agricultural income loss due to the moderate impact of climate change (SSP2-RCP4.5) if there is no adaptation action. The model results indicate that the adoption of improved (drip and sprinkler) irrigation technologies has significant potential for enhancing crop production benefits, increasing the Equivalent Annual Net Benefit by 2.5 – 16.4 %. The results also underline the importance of the subsidy policies for the wider adoption of improved irrigation technologies and enhancement of farming income. The presented modeling framework can be adapted (by changing the model database and setup) to assess intertemporally optimal investments and environmental effects of upscaling irrigation and crop production technologies in regions beyond the study area.

随着时间的推移，全球变暖和不断增长的用水需求导致水资源日益短缺，这对全球干旱和半干旱地区的农业收入和农村生计构成了重大威胁。基于静态优化或短视模拟的常用工具支持侧重于短期收益但无法解决可持续水和粮食系统转型的长期投资需求的政策。本研究建立了一个动态跨期优化模型，以帮助评估在日益严峻的环境挑战下提高水系统恢复力的长期投资途径。应用该模型分析了水资源短缺和气候损害成本、主动内生技术变革和灌溉系统转型的跨期最优投资。以乌兹别克斯坦（中亚）为例的数值应用证明了该模型的实际相关性，如果不采取适应行动，乌兹别克斯坦可能因气候变化的中度影响（SSP2-RCP4.5）而面临约13.8% %的农业收入损失。模型结果表明，采用改良的（滴灌和喷灌）灌溉技术具有显著的提高作物生产效益的潜力，可使等效年净效益提高2.5 - 16.4% %。研究结果还强调了补贴政策对更广泛地采用改良灌溉技术和提高农业收入的重要性。所提出的建模框架可以（通过改变模型数据库和设置）用于评估研究区域以外地区扩大灌溉和作物生产技术的跨期最佳投资和环境影响。

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引用次数: 0

Estimating daily seamless 20-m resolution evapotranspiration using data fusion and TSEB 基于数据融合和TSEB的日无缝20米分辨率蒸散估算

IF 6.5 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Agricultural Water Management

Pub Date : 2026-03-31 Epub Date: 2026-02-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.agwat.2026.110210

Pengyuan Zhu , Qisheng Han , Caixia Li , Hao Liu , Qingyao Zhao , Yanchuan Ma , Mengru Yu , Shenglin Li , Jinglei Wang

Daily seamless estimation of evapotranspiration (ET) at high spatial resolution is essential for field-scale water resource management. Satellite-based ET mapping enables consistent estimation from regional to field scales, however, the inherent trade-off between spatial and temporal resolution in current remote sensing data, along with data gaps caused by weather conditions, constrains high-frequency and spatiotemporally continuous ET estimation. To overcome these limitations, this study developed an efficient and innovative framework that integrates a cloud-filling algorithm, a high-performance spatiotemporal fusion model, multi-source data, and the Two-Source Energy Balance (TSEB) model to produce high-precision, daily seamless ET estimates at 20 m resolution. Specifically, using the modified neighborhood similar pixel interpolator (MNSPI) and the GPU-enabled enhanced spatial and temporal adaptive reflectance fusion model (cuESTARFM), we efficiently integrated the China Land Data Assimilation System (CLDAS), Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS), and Sentinel-2/3 data to derive daily seamless 20 m land surface parameters, including land surface temperature, leaf area index, and fractional vegetation cover. These parameters, together with meteorological forcing and auxiliary data, were used to drive the TSEB model to generate daily seamless 20 m ET estimates at the irrigation district scale from 2019 to 2023. The simulated instantaneous latent heat flux achieved R², BIAS, and RMSE values of 0.77, 2.99 W/m², and 74.61 W/m², respectively, compared with ground observations, while the daily ET estimates achieved corresponding values of 0.56, –0.08 mm/d, and 1.05 mm/d. This framework offers novel insights into ET mapping through multi-source data fusion and is of great significance for achieving precise and dynamic agricultural water resource management.

每日高空间分辨率的蒸散发（ET）无缝估算对农田尺度的水资源管理至关重要。基于卫星的ET制图能够实现从区域尺度到场尺度的一致估算，然而，当前遥感数据中空间和时间分辨率之间固有的权衡，以及天气条件造成的数据差距，限制了高频和时空连续的ET估算。为了克服这些限制，本研究开发了一个高效和创新的框架，该框架集成了云填充算法、高性能时空融合模型、多源数据和双源能量平衡（TSEB）模型，以产生高精度、每日无缝的20 m分辨率的ET估计。具体而言，利用改进的邻域相似像素插值器（MNSPI）和基于gpu的增强时空自适应反射融合模型（cuESTARFM），我们有效地整合了中国陆地数据同化系统（CLDAS）、可见光红外成像辐射计组件（VIIRS）和Sentinel-2/3数据，获得了每天20 m的地表参数，包括地表温度、叶面积指数和植被覆盖度。利用这些参数，结合气象强迫和辅助数据，驱动TSEB模型生成2019 - 2023年灌区尺度每日20 m ET估算值。与地面观测值相比，模拟瞬时潜热通量的R²、BIAS和RMSE分别为0.77、2.99 W/m²和74.61 W/m²，而日蒸散发估算值分别为0.56、-0.08 mm/d和1.05 mm/d。该框架通过多源数据融合为ET制图提供了新的思路，对实现农业水资源的精准动态管理具有重要意义。

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引用次数: 0

Physiological and biochemical response of Echinacea purpurea to combined application of biofertilizers and salicylic acid under different irrigation regimes in saline conditions 盐渍条件下不同灌溉方式下生物肥料与水杨酸配施对紫锥菊生理生化的响应

IF 6.5 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Agricultural Water Management

Pub Date : 2026-03-31 Epub Date: 2026-01-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.agwat.2025.110085

Mehdi Vatandoust , Mehdi Madandoust , Majid Rajaie , Mahmood Dejam

Ameliorating resources (AR), by creating a balance in physiological and biochemical traits, play a key role in regulating signaling pathways and inducing tolerance to environmental stresses. This study was conducted as a factorial experiment based on a randomized complete block design during the 2022 and 2023 growing seasons, with two harvests of Echinacea purpurea. The main factor consisted of three irrigation regimes applied after 25, 50, and 75 % available water depletion (AWD) from field capacity, and the sub-factor included eight levels of AR: control, sole application of arbuscular mycorrhiza fungus (AMF), Pseudomonas fluorescens bacteria (PF), salicylic acid (SA), and their various dual and triple combinations. The results showed that ion leakage and the activities of catalase and peroxidase enzymes increased significantly under 75 % AWD. Moreover, the combined application of AMF + PF + SA reduced malondialdehyde content by 26 % and 25 % compared with the control under 50 and 75 % AWD, respectively. The combined treatment of AMF + PF + SA produced the highest chlorogenic acid content, reaching 0.802 mg g^-¹ dry weight, and resulted in an 18 % increase in cichoric acid compared with the control. Under 50 % AWD, cynarin content increased by 18 % in the combined treatment compared with the control. Furthermore, the triple combined treatment enhanced biological yield by 15 % at the first harvest and by 13 % at the second harvest relative to the control. The highest biological yield was obtained under the 25 % AWD, reaching 277.8 kg ha^-¹ at the first harvest and 655.0 kg ha^-¹ at the second harvest. Overall, due to the positive effects of the combined treatment on the physiological and biochemical traits of Echinacea purpurea, this treatment can be recommended under conditions of simultaneous drought and salinity stress.

改良资源（AR）通过建立生理生化性状的平衡，在调节信号通路和诱导对环境胁迫的耐受性中起着关键作用。本研究采用随机完全区组设计，在紫锥菊（紫锥菊）2022年和2023年两个生长季节进行因子试验。主因子包括在25%、50%和75% %有效水分耗竭（AWD）后施用的三种灌溉方案，次因子包括8个水平的AR：对照、单施用丛菌根真菌（AMF）、荧光假单胞菌（PF）、水杨酸（SA）以及它们的各种双联或三联组合。结果表明，在75% % AWD条件下，离子泄漏量、过氧化氢酶和过氧化物酶活性显著增加。此外，AMF + PF + SA联合施用在50%和75% % AWD条件下，丙二醛含量分别比对照降低了26% %和25% %。AMF + PF + SA联合处理绿原酸含量最高，达0.802 mg g-¹ 干重，与对照相比，绿原酸含量增加了18 %。在50 % AWD下，联合处理的cynarin含量比对照提高了18 %。此外，与对照相比，三联施处理在第一次收获和第二次收获时的生物产量分别提高了15 %和13 %。在25% % AWD条件下生物产量最高，第一次收获时达到277.8 kg ha-¹ ，第二次收获时达到655.0 kg ha-¹ 。综上所述，由于联合处理对紫锥菊生理生化性状的积极影响，该处理可推荐在干旱和盐胁迫同时发生的条件下使用。

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Advances and prospects of closed-loop precision irrigation for synergistic water-salt-phosphorus regulation in saline-alkali soils 盐碱地水-盐-磷协同调控闭环精准灌溉研究进展与展望

IF 6.5 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Agricultural Water Management

Pub Date : 2026-03-31 Epub Date: 2026-01-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.agwat.2026.110187

Lei Huang , Shuke Zheng , Mostafa Elshobary , Teng Li , Wei Liu , Xiangru Xu , Xinjuan Hu , Feifei Zhu , Mostafa El-Sheekh , Shuhao Huo

Saline-alkali soils are among the most challenging soil types in agricultural production owing to the intricate coupling relationships among water, salt, and nutrients. Precision irrigation offers a crucial means of enhancing water use efficiency, improving nutrient availability, and mitigating secondary salinization. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the research advancements in recent years on the integrated applications of precision irrigation monitoring technologies, intelligent control strategies, and terminal irrigation equipment in saline-alkali soil regions. Particular emphasis is placed on the construction and development trends of closed-loop precision irrigation systems. A "perception-decision-execution" ternary closed-loop regulation framework is proposed. The key mechanisms underlying its role in the coordinated regulation of water, salt, and phosphorus are explained in detail. Moreover, the coupling relationships between soil moisture, salinity, and phosphorus availability, along with the approaches for their coordinated regulation, are further explored. The potential of microbial fertilizers in promoting phosphorus activation and alleviating salt-alkali stress is also analyzed. The challenges faced include the absence of reliable models capable of capturing the dynamic phosphorus transformations under water-salt regulation, the lack of cost-effective real-time in-situ phosphorus monitoring tools, and issues related to equipment reliability. Additionally, the future development directions of an intelligent closed-loop irrigation system for the coordinated regulation of water, salt, and phosphorus are envisioned. This paper provides a theoretical reference and research foundation for the sustainable agricultural management of saline-alkali ecosystems.

由于水、盐和养分之间复杂的耦合关系，盐碱土是农业生产中最具挑战性的土壤类型之一。精准灌溉是提高水分利用效率、改善养分有效性和减轻次生盐碱化的重要手段。本文综述了近年来盐碱地精准灌溉监测技术、智能控制策略和终端灌溉设备在盐碱地综合应用方面的研究进展。重点介绍了闭环精密灌溉系统的建设和发展趋势。提出了一种“感知-决策-执行”三元闭环调节框架。详细解释了其在水、盐、磷协调调节中的作用的关键机制。进一步探讨了土壤水分、盐分和磷有效性之间的耦合关系及其协调调控途径。分析了微生物肥料在促进磷活化和缓解盐碱胁迫方面的潜力。面临的挑战包括缺乏能够捕获水盐调节下动态磷转化的可靠模型，缺乏具有成本效益的实时原位磷监测工具，以及与设备可靠性相关的问题。展望了水、盐、磷协调调节的智能闭环灌溉系统的未来发展方向。为盐碱生态系统的可持续农业管理提供理论参考和研究基础。

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引用次数: 0